Smart laminated glass and vehicles

Abstract

This invention provides a dimming laminated glass and a vehicle. The dimming laminated glass comprises a first glass plate, a first adhesive layer, a dimming and color-changing layer, a second adhesive layer, and a second glass plate, stacked sequentially. At least one of the first and second adhesive layers is a color-changing adhesive layer, which includes a photochromic adhesive layer or a thermochromic adhesive layer. When the dimming and color-changing layer is in its darkest state, the absolute value of the transmittance color α of the dimming laminated glass, measured by Lab value, is less than or equal to 5, and the absolute value of the dimming laminated glass, measured by b value, is less than or equal to 8. This invention also provides a vehicle whose glass includes the aforementioned dimming laminated glass. The dimming laminated glass provided by this invention exhibits a relatively neutral color when the dimming film is in a dark state and a colorless, highly transparent state when the dimming film is in a bright state, thus improving the visual experience of the dimming glass.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of smart glass manufacturing technology, and more particularly to a smart laminated glass and a vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] Existing dimming films include PDLC, electrochromic (EC), and nano-dimming layer (SPD). Dark-state dimming films are generally monochromatic or highly hazy, especially EC and SPD films, which are both blue. When these dimming films are actually applied to vehicles, light passing through the monochromatic film will appear in an unabsorbed color due to selective light absorption. For example, glass containing EC dimming film will appear blue, which clashes with the interior (usually light gray), resulting in poor overall consistency, disharmony, and a less than ideal aesthetic experience.

[0003] Existing dimming glass containing a dimming film is typically designed with a five-layer structure: glass panel-adhesive layer-dimming film-adhesive layer-glass panel, or a loop-shaped intermediate dimming film is placed on the surface of the dimming film. To address the issue of inconsistent vehicle appearance caused by the color of the dimming film itself, a colored intermediate adhesive layer is generally used to neutralize or mitigate the color of the dimming film in its dark state. However, this also introduces a problem: when the dimming film is in a bright, nearly colorless and transparent state, the color of the colored intermediate adhesive layer is not neutralized or compensated for by the functional layer, resulting in the entire laminated glass product being the color of that colored intermediate layer. Therefore, it is difficult to achieve a consistently neutral color appearance in all states. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned problems, the present invention aims to provide a dimming laminated glass and a vehicle thereof. This dimming laminated glass exhibits a relatively neutral color when the dimming film is in a dark state, and is colorless and highly transparent when the dimming film is in a bright state.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a dimming laminated glass comprising a first glass plate, a first adhesive layer, a dimming and color-changing layer, a second adhesive layer, and a second glass plate stacked sequentially; wherein at least one of the first adhesive layer and the second adhesive layer is a color-changing adhesive layer, the color-changing adhesive layer comprising a photochromic adhesive layer or a thermochromic adhesive layer; when the dimming and color-changing layer is in its darkest state, the absolute value of the transmitted color α of the dimming laminated glass, measured by Lab value, is less than or equal to 5, and the absolute value of the dimming laminated glass, measured by Lab value, is less than or equal to 8.

[0006] In this invention, the color-changing adhesive layer refers to an adhesive layer whose color state can be adjusted. The color-changing adhesive layer used in this invention is generally a passively color-changing adhesive layer, specifically a photochromic adhesive layer, a thermochromic adhesive layer, etc.

[0007] The photochromic adhesive layer used in this invention is colorless and transparent when the received light intensity is less than the coloring light intensity threshold, which is called the bright state. At this time, the transmittance of the photochromic adhesive layer to visible light (wavelength of 380-780nm or 400-780nm) is usually greater than or equal to 40%. When the received light intensity is greater than or equal to the coloring light intensity threshold, the color of the photochromic adhesive layer begins to change, and the color deepens as the light intensity increases. This is called the dark state. The transparency of the photochromic adhesive layer in the dark state is usually less than 40%. When the light intensity continues to increase and the color of the photochromic adhesive layer remains unchanged, the coloring degree of the photochromic adhesive layer is the deepest, which is called the darkest state. The transmittance of the photochromic adhesive layer in the darkest state to visible light is usually less than or equal to 10%, and further less than or equal to 5%.

[0008] The thermochromic adhesive layer used in this invention is colorless and transparent when the temperature is below the coloring temperature threshold, which is called the bright state. The transmittance of the bright state thermochromic adhesive layer to visible light is usually greater than or equal to 40%. When the temperature of the thermochromic adhesive layer is greater than or equal to the coloring temperature threshold, the color of the thermochromic adhesive layer begins to change, and the color deepens as the temperature rises. This is called the dark state. The transmittance of the dark state thermochromic adhesive layer to visible light is usually less than 40%. When the temperature continues to rise and the color of the thermochromic adhesive layer remains unchanged, the coloring degree of the thermochromic adhesive layer is the deepest, which is called the darkest state. The transmittance of the darkest state thermochromic adhesive layer to visible light is usually less than or equal to 10%, and further less than or equal to 5%.

[0009] In this invention, a bright state of the color-changing layer refers to a state where the transmittance of the color-changing layer to visible light is greater than 30%, and the bright state of the color-changing layer is colorless and transparent. A dark state of the color-changing layer refers to a state where the transmittance of the color-changing layer to visible light is less than or equal to 30%, and the dark state of the color-changing layer displays its original color, such as blue, green, or purple. The darkest state of the color-changing layer refers to the state where the color-changing layer is most deeply colored, and the transmittance of the darkest state of the color-changing layer to visible light is typically less than or equal to 20%. The color-changing layers used in this invention include, but are not limited to, electronically controlled, temperature-controlled, pressure-controlled, and light-controlled dimming films.

[0010] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, when the dimming color-changing layer is in a dark state, it typically displays its base color (e.g., blue, green, purple, etc.). By introducing a color-controllable color-changing adhesive layer, the present invention can neutralize the color of the dark-state adhesive layer with that of the dark-state dimming color-changing layer, resulting in a dimming laminated glass with an overall neutral color. Specifically, the color of the darkest dimming color-changing layer and the darkest color-changing adhesive layer are typically complementary colors. In this state, the dimming laminated glass is a neutral gray-black, and its Lab value satisfies the following conditions: transmittance |a|≤5, transmittance |b|≤8. When the dimming color-changing layer is in a bright state, the color-changing adhesive layer is also typically in a bright state, at which point the dimming laminated glass exhibits a colorless, highly transparent state. In this invention, the darkest state of the dimming laminated glass refers to the situation where the dimming color-changing layer is in its darkest state.

[0011] In the aforementioned dimming laminated glass, one of the first adhesive layer or the second adhesive layer can be a photochromic adhesive layer, and the other can be one of a photochromic adhesive layer, a thermochromic adhesive layer, or a non-photochromic adhesive layer; or, one of the first adhesive layer or the second adhesive layer can be a thermochromic adhesive layer, and the other can be one of a thermochromic adhesive layer or a non-photochromic adhesive layer. Specifically, in this invention, the first adhesive layer and the second adhesive layer can be respectively combined as follows:

[0012]

[0013] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, when the dimming laminated glass is applied to a vehicle or other device, the first adhesive layer generally faces outwards from the device, while the second adhesive layer faces inwards. In this case, if either the first or second adhesive layer is a photochromic adhesive layer, the first adhesive layer is preferably a photochromic adhesive layer. This arrangement allows the photochromic adhesive layer to be closer to the light source, which is beneficial for improving the absorption effect of the photochromic adhesive layer on light across the entire wavelength range, thereby improving the color-changing effect. It is understood that when the second adhesive layer is a photochromic adhesive layer and the first adhesive layer is a non-photochromic adhesive layer, those skilled in the art can also improve the color-changing effect of the photochromic adhesive layer through conventional adjustments according to actual needs. For example, the color-changing effect of the photochromic adhesive layer located in the second adhesive layer can be improved by reducing the amount of light-blocking material (such as ultraviolet absorbers) between the first glass plate and the second adhesive layer.

[0014] The Lab value used in this invention is based on an international standard for color measurement established by the Commission International Eclairage (CIE) in 1931, and was improved and named in 1976. The Lab color model consists of three components: the L component, representing pixel brightness, ranges from [0, 100], from pure black to pure white; 'a' represents the range from red to green, with a value range of [127, -128]; and 'b' represents the range from yellow to blue, also with a value range of [127, -128]. This invention uses the 'a' and 'b' values ​​from the Lab value for color definition, and, considering practical application scenarios, uses the 'a' and 'b' values ​​of the transmitted color for testing.

[0015] In the aforementioned dimming laminated glass, when one of the first or second adhesive layer is a photochromic adhesive layer and the other is a non-photochromic adhesive layer, the absolute values ​​of the transmitted color a and b values ​​of the darkest state photochromic adhesive layer, measured by Lab values, are denoted as |a1| and |b1|, respectively. The absolute values ​​of the transmitted color a and b values ​​of the darkest state dimming photochromic layer are denoted as |a2| and |b2|, respectively. |a1|, |b1|, |a2|, and |b2| satisfy the following relationship:

[0016] 0.1×|a2|≤|a1|≤4×|a2|, 0.5×|b2|≤|b1|≤4×|b2|.

[0017] In the aforementioned dimming laminated glass, when one of the first or second adhesive layer is a photochromic adhesive layer and the other is a non-photochromic adhesive layer, using Lab values, the absolute values ​​of the transmitted color a and b of the darkest state of the photochromic adhesive layer are denoted as |a1| and |b1|, respectively, and the absolute values ​​of the transmitted color a and b of the darkest state of the dimming photochromic layer are denoted as |a2| and |b2|. |a1|, |b1|, |a2|, and |b2| can further satisfy the following relationship:

[0018] 0.5×|a2|≤|a1|≤4×|a2|, 0.5×|b2|≤|b1|≤4×|b2|.

[0019] In the aforementioned dimming laminated glass, when one of the first or second adhesive layers is a photochromic adhesive layer and the other is a non-photochromic adhesive layer, using Lab values, the absolute values ​​of the transmitted color a and b of the darkest state of the photochromic adhesive layer are denoted as |a1| and |b1|, respectively, and the absolute values ​​of the transmitted color a and b of the darkest state of the dimming photochromic layer are denoted as |a2| and |b2|. |a1|, |b1|, |a2|, and |b2| can further satisfy the following relationship:

[0020] 2×|a2|≤|a1|≤3×|a2|, and / or, 0.8×|b2|≤|b1|≤0.9×|b2|.

[0021] In the aforementioned dimming laminated glass, when both the first and second adhesive layers are photochromic adhesive layers, using Lab values, the absolute values ​​of the transmitted color of the first adhesive layer in its darkest state are |a1| and |b1|, the absolute values ​​of the transmitted color of the second adhesive layer in its darkest state are |a2| and |b2|, and the absolute values ​​of the transmitted color of the dimming photochromic layer in its darkest state are |a3| and |b3|. |a1|, |b1|, |a2|, |b2|, |a3|, and |b3| satisfy the following relationship:

[0022] 0.2×(|a1|+|a2|)≤|a3|≤4×(|a1|+|a2|), 0.5×(|b1|+|b2|)≤|b3|≤4×(|b1|+|b2|).

[0023] In the aforementioned dimming laminated glass, when both the first and second adhesive layers are photochromic adhesive layers, using Lab values, the absolute values ​​of the transmitted color of the first adhesive layer in its darkest state are |a1| and |b1|, the absolute values ​​of the transmitted color of the second adhesive layer in its darkest state are |a2| and |b2|, and the absolute values ​​of the transmitted color of the dimming photochromic layer in its darkest state are |a3| and |b3|. |a1|, |b1|, |a2|, |b2|, |a3|, and |b3| can further satisfy the following relationship:

[0024] 0.5×(|a1|+|a2|)≤|a3|≤4×(|a1|+|a2|), 0.5×(|b1|+|b2|)≤|b3|≤4×(|b1|+|b2|).

[0025] In the aforementioned dimming laminated glass, when both the first and second adhesive layers are photochromic adhesive layers, using Lab values, the absolute values ​​of the transmitted color of the darkest state of the first adhesive layer are |a1| and |b1|, the absolute values ​​of the transmitted color of the darkest state of the second adhesive layer are |a2| and |b2|, and the absolute values ​​of the transmitted color of the darkest state of the dimming photochromic layer are |a3| and |b3|. |a1|, |b1|, |a2|, |b2|, |a3|, and |b3| can further satisfy the following relationship:

[0026] 0.3×(|a1|+|a2|)≤|a3|≤0.4×(|a1|+|a2|), and / or, 1.1×(|b1|+|b2|)≤|b3|≤1.2×(|b1|+|b2|).

[0027] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, when one of the first adhesive layer or the second adhesive layer is a color-changing adhesive layer and the other is a non-color-changing adhesive layer, the absolute values ​​of the transmitted color a value and b value of the darkest state of the color-changing adhesive layer are recorded as |a1| and |b1|, respectively, and the absolute values ​​of the transmitted color a value and b value of the darkest state of the dimming color-changing layer are recorded as |a2| and |b2|. |a1|, |b1|, |a2| and |b2| satisfy the following relationship: M1×|a2|≤|a1|≤M2×|a2|, N1×|b2|≤|b1|≤N2×|b2;

[0028] Where M1≤M2, M1 is 0.1-2, specifically it can be any value between these endpoints such as 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, etc., as well as any value between these endpoints and any sub-range formed by these endpoints or any value between these endpoints; M2 is 3-4, specifically it can be any value between these endpoints such as 3, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 3.4, 3.5, 3.6, 3.7, 3.8, 3.9, 4, etc., as well as any value between these endpoints and any sub-range formed by these endpoints or any value between these endpoints;

[0029] N1≤N2, where N1 is 0.5-0.8, specifically it can be any value between these endpoints such as 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, or any sub-range formed by these endpoints or any values ​​between these endpoints; N2 can be 0.9-4, specifically it can be any value between these endpoints such as 0.9, 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3, 3.5, 4, or any value between these endpoints or any values ​​between these endpoints.

[0030] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, when both the first adhesive layer and the second adhesive layer are color-changing adhesive layers, using Lab values, the absolute values ​​of the transmitted color of the first adhesive layer in its darkest state are |a1| and |b1|, the absolute values ​​of the transmitted color of the second adhesive layer in its darkest state are |a2| and |b2|, and the absolute values ​​of the transmitted color of the dimming color-changing layer in its darkest state are |a3| and |b3|. |a1|, |b1|, |a2|, |b2|, |a3|, and |b3| satisfy the following relationships: X1×(|a1|+|a2|)≤|a3|≤X2×(|a1|+|a2|), Y1×(|b1|+|b2|)≤|b3|≤Y2×(|b1|+|b2|), where:

[0031] X1≤X2, where X1 is 0.2-0.5, specifically it can be any value between these endpoints (0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, etc.) or any subrange formed by these endpoints or any values ​​between these endpoints; X2 is 0.4-4, specifically it can be any value between these endpoints (0.4, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3, 3.5, 4, etc.) or any subrange formed by these endpoints or any values ​​between these endpoints.

[0032] Y1≤Y2, where Y1 is 0.5-1.1, specifically it can be any value between these endpoints such as 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9, 1, 1.1, or any sub-range formed by these endpoints or any values ​​between these endpoints; Y2 is 1.2-4, specifically it can be any value between these endpoints such as 1.2, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3, 3.5, 4, or any values ​​between these endpoints or any values ​​between these endpoints.

[0033] The photochromic adhesive layer used in this invention changes color with light intensity. When the ambient light intensity is below the tinting light intensity threshold, the photochromic adhesive layer is colorless and transparent. When the ambient light intensity is above the tinting light intensity threshold, the photochromic adhesive layer is tinted and displays color, with the color deepening as the light intensity increases. The tinting light intensity threshold of the photochromic adhesive layer used in this invention is generally greater than or equal to 600 W / m². 2 For example, in practical applications (such as in vehicles), a tinting light intensity threshold of 600 W / m can be used. 2 Up to 2000w / m 2 Photochromic adhesive layer.

[0034] The thermochromic adhesive layer used in this invention changes color with temperature. When the ambient temperature is below the coloring temperature threshold, the thermochromic adhesive layer is colorless and transparent. When the ambient temperature is above the coloring temperature threshold, the thermochromic adhesive layer exhibits a color change, and the color deepens with increasing temperature. The coloring temperature of the thermochromic adhesive layer used in this invention is generally greater than or equal to 30°C. For example, in practical applications (such as in vehicles), thermochromic adhesive layers with a coloring temperature threshold of 30°C to 120°C can be used.

[0035] In the aforementioned dimming laminated glass, the materials of the first adhesive layer and / or the second adhesive layer include, but are not limited to, PVB, EVA, etc. When the first and second adhesive layers are photochromic adhesive layers, photochromic PVB, photochromic EVA, etc., can be selected. Specifically, the photochromic adhesive layer may include photochromic PVB or photochromic EVA; the thermochromic adhesive layer may include thermochromic PVB or thermochromic EVA.

[0036] The preparation method of photochromic PVB can be as follows: a certain proportion of particles with photochromic properties are added to PVB resin to form a uniform mixture, and then the mixture is extruded to form a photochromic film.

[0037] The preparation method of photochromic EVA can be as follows: a certain proportion of particles with photochromic properties are added to EVA resin to form a uniform mixture, and then the mixture is extruded to form a photochromic film.

[0038] In the above-mentioned preparation methods of photochromic PVB and photochromic EVA, the particles with photochromic properties can be a composite of WO3 / TiO2 or a compound of halogen and metal.

[0039] The preparation method of thermochromic PVB can be as follows: a certain proportion of particles with thermochromic properties are added to PVB resin to form a uniform mixture, and then the mixture is extruded to form a thermochromic film.

[0040] The preparation method of thermochromic EVA can be as follows: a certain proportion of particles with thermochromic properties are added to EVA resin to form a uniform mixture, and then the mixture is extruded to form a thermochromic film.

[0041] In the above-mentioned methods for preparing thermochromic PVB and thermochromic EVA, the particles with photochromic properties can be metal salts or metal oxides of tungsten or vanadium, or particles containing Cu. 2+ or Ni 2+ Metal complexes.

[0042] In the aforementioned dimming laminated glass, the dimming and color-changing layer can be a passive dimming film, such as a thermochromic dimming film or a photochromic dimming film; or it can be an active dimming film, such as an electrochromic dimming film. Specifically, the material of the dimming and color-changing layer can include one of SPD (suspended particle) film, EC (electrochromic) film, or Lv (nano-dimming film). In some specific embodiments, the dark state color (body color) of the dimming and color-changing layer used in this invention can be blue, green, purple, etc.

[0043] The present invention also provides a vehicle whose glass includes the aforementioned dimming laminated glass. In a specific embodiment, when the dimming laminated glass is installed in a vehicle, the installation direction is generally such that the second glass panel is closer to the inside of the vehicle than the first glass panel (i.e., the first adhesive layer faces outwards). The dimming laminated glass can specifically be used as a sunroof, side window, or rear window of the vehicle.

[0044] According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, for vehicles including the aforementioned dimming laminated glass, some users are accustomed to adjusting the dimming color-changing layer to a dark state under strong light (or high heat). At this time, the color-changing adhesive layer will also change color and turn to a dark state under the influence of light intensity (or temperature). The dark dimming color-changing layer and the dark color-changing adhesive layer are complementary in color, which can maintain the appearance of the vehicle glass as a neutral color. When the ambient light intensity (or temperature) is not high, the dimming color-changing layer is generally in a colorless and transparent state, and the color-changing adhesive layer is also in a colorless and transparent state, so the vehicle glass as a whole is in a colorless and highly transparent state.

[0045] The beneficial effects of this invention include:

[0046] This invention introduces a color-changing adhesive layer into the dimming laminated glass and adjusts its color state, thereby neutralizing the body color of the dimming film in the dark state. This results in the dimming laminated glass exhibiting a relatively neutral color when the dimming film is in the dark, and a colorless and highly transparent state when the dimming film is in the bright state. When applied to vehicles, this dimming laminated glass ensures overall vehicle appearance consistency and improves the vehicle's visual appeal. Attached Figure Description

[0047] Figures 1 to 8 This is a schematic diagram of the dimming laminated glass structure of combinations 1 to 8 in Example 1.

[0048] Symbol Explanation

[0049] 1-First glass plate, 2-Second glass plate, 3-Dimming film, 41-Photochromic adhesive layer, 42-Thermochromic adhesive layer, 43-Non-photochromic adhesive layer. Detailed Implementation

[0050] In order to provide a clearer understanding of the technical features, objectives and beneficial effects of the present invention, the technical solution of the present invention will now be described in detail below, but it should not be construed as limiting the scope of implementation of the present invention.

[0051] In the following embodiments, the photochromic adhesive layer can be made of photochromic PVB or photochromic EVA, and the thermochromic adhesive layer can be made of thermochromic PVB or thermochromic EVA. The above photochromic and thermochromic adhesives can be purchased from manufacturers such as Gantian Technology New Materials and Zhihui Technology New Materials.

[0052] Example 1

[0053] This embodiment provides a dimming laminated glass, which includes a first glass plate 1, a first adhesive layer, a dimming and color-changing layer 3, a second adhesive layer, and a second glass plate 2 stacked sequentially.

[0054] The first adhesive layer and the second adhesive layer can be combined as follows:

[0055] Combination 1: such as Figure 1 As shown, the first adhesive layer is a photochromic adhesive layer 41, and the second adhesive layer is a non-photochromic adhesive layer 43.

[0056] Combination 2: such as Figure 2 As shown, the first adhesive layer and the second adhesive layer are both photochromic adhesive layers 41.

[0057] Combination 3: such as Figure 3 As shown, the first adhesive layer is a non-color-changing adhesive layer 43, and the second adhesive layer is a photochromic adhesive layer 41.

[0058] Combination 4: such as Figure 4 As shown, the first adhesive layer is a thermochromic adhesive layer 42, and the second adhesive layer is a photochromic adhesive layer 41.

[0059] Combination 5: such as Figure 5 As shown, the first adhesive layer is a photochromic adhesive layer 41, and the second adhesive layer is a thermochromic adhesive layer 42.

[0060] Combination 6: such as Figure 6 As shown, the first adhesive layer and the second adhesive layer are both made of thermochromic adhesive layer 42.

[0061] Combination 7: such as Figure 7 As shown, the first adhesive layer is a thermochromic adhesive layer 42, and the second adhesive layer is a non-thermochromic adhesive layer 43.

[0062] Combination 8: such as Figure 8 As shown, the first adhesive layer is a non-color-changing adhesive layer 43, and the second adhesive layer is a thermochromic adhesive layer 42.

[0063] If combinations 1, 3, 7, and 8 contain only one color-changing adhesive layer (photochromic adhesive layer 41 or thermochromic adhesive layer 42), then in these four combinations, the color value of the first or second adhesive layer and the color-changing layer 3 satisfies the following relationship:

[0064] Using Lab values, the absolute values ​​of the transmitted color a and b of the photochromic adhesive layer 41 in the darkest color state are denoted as |a1| and |b1|, respectively. The absolute values ​​of the transmitted color a and b of the photochromic layer 3 in the darkest color state are denoted as |a2| and |b2|, respectively. |a1|, |b1|, |a2| and |b2| satisfy the following relationships: 0.1×|a2|≤|a1|≤4×|a2|, 0.5×|b2|≤|b1|≤4×|b2|.

[0065] In combinations 2, 4, 5, and 6, both the first and second adhesive layers use a color-changing adhesive layer (photochromic adhesive layer 41 or thermochromic adhesive layer 42). Therefore, in these four combinations, the color values ​​of the first adhesive layer, the second adhesive layer, and the photochromic layer 3 satisfy the following relationship:

[0066] Using Lab values, let the absolute values ​​of the transmitted colors of the first adhesive layer in the darkest state be |a1| and |b1|, the absolute values ​​of the transmitted colors of the second adhesive layer in the darkest state be |a2| and |b2|, and the absolute values ​​of the transmitted colors of the color-changing layer in the darkest state be |a3| and |b3|. |a1|, |b1|, |a2|, |b2|, |a3|, and |b3| satisfy the following relationships: 0.2×(|a1|+|a2|)≤|a3|≤4×(|a1|+|a2|), 0.5×(|b1|+|b2|)≤|b3|≤4×(|b1|+|b2|).

[0067] Photochromic adhesive layer 41 is photochromic PVB, and the coloring light intensity threshold of photochromic adhesive layer 41 is greater than or equal to 600 W / m. 2 .

[0068] The thermochromic adhesive layer 42 is thermochromic PVB, and the coloring temperature threshold of the thermochromic adhesive layer 42 is greater than or equal to 30℃.

[0069] The non-color-changing adhesive layer 43 uses conventional PVB, which does not have color-changing properties.

[0070] The same applies when the photochromic adhesive layer 41, the thermochromic adhesive layer 42, and the non-photochromic adhesive layer 43 are made of the corresponding EVA, which will not be elaborated here.

[0071] The color-changing layer 3 is one of the following: Lv film, EC film, and SPD film.

[0072] When the aforementioned dimming laminated glass is applied to vehicles and other devices, combination 1 is preferred over combination 3 because it allows the photochromic adhesive layer to be closer to the light source, better absorb light across the entire wavelength range, and achieve a better color-changing effect. Similarly, combination 5 is preferred over combination 4.

[0073] Test Example 1

[0074] This test example provides the test results of the color and light transmittance of the dimming laminated glass of the present invention when the dimming film is in different states.

[0075] The overall color of the dimming laminated glass was evaluated by testing the transmittance color values ​​(a and b) in the testing lab. The testing standard referred to "GB7921-2008 Uniform Color Space and Color Difference Formula", and the test light source was a D65, 10° light source.

[0076] The transmittance test standard is GB / T 2680-2021 Determination of visible light transmittance, direct solar transmittance, total solar transmittance, ultraviolet transmittance and related window glass parameters of architectural glass. The test temperature is room temperature, and the test light source is a D65, 10° light source with a measurement wavelength of 380-780nm.

[0077] The structures of each experimental sample are similar to those of the dimming laminated glass in Example 1, the difference being the specific materials used for the first adhesive layer, the second adhesive layer, and the dimming and color-changing layer. In each of the dimming laminated glass samples tested, the thickness of the first glass plate was 2.1 mm of transparent white glass; the thickness of the dimming and color-changing layer was 0.38 mm; and the thicknesses of the first adhesive layer and the second adhesive layer were 0.76 mm. Other structural information and test results of the samples are shown in Table 1.

[0078] Table 1

[0079]

[0080] In Table 1, "Laminated Glass Color (Darkest State)" refers to the color of the dimming laminated glass when the photochromic layer is in its darkest state; "Laminated Glass Color (Bright State)" refers to the color of the dimming laminated glass when the photochromic layer is in its brightest state. The darkest state of the photochromic layer refers to the state where the transmittance of the photochromic layer to visible light is <20%. The darkest states of the first and second adhesive layers refer to: the state where the color of the photochromic adhesive layer no longer changes with increasing light intensity, the state where the color of the thermochromic adhesive layer no longer changes with increasing temperature, and the natural state of the non-photochromic adhesive layer.

[0081] As shown in Table 1, by introducing a photochromic adhesive layer to neutralize the body color of the dimming photochromic layer, the dimming laminated glass can maintain a neutral color appearance in different states (when the dimming photochromic layer is in a bright or dark state). Furthermore, due to the high overall transmittance of visible light, the visual clarity of objects observed through the dimming laminated glass is better when the dimming photochromic layer is in a bright state compared to when it is in a dark state. Similar effects are achieved when the photochromic adhesive layer 41, thermochromic adhesive layer 42, and non-photochromic adhesive layer 43 use EVA with corresponding functions, which will not be elaborated upon here.

[0082] The test results above show that by introducing a photochromic adhesive layer or a thermochromic adhesive layer into the dimming laminated glass, the present invention can neutralize the body color of the dimming film, so that the dimming laminated glass presents a relatively friendly neutral color when the dimming film is in the dark state, and presents a colorless and highly transparent state when the dimming film is in the bright state.

Claims

1. A light-adjustable laminated glass, comprising a first glass sheet, a first adhesive layer, a light-adjustable color-changing layer, a second adhesive layer, and a second glass sheet stacked in sequence; wherein at least one of the first adhesive layer and the second adhesive layer is a color-changing adhesive layer, and the color-changing adhesive layer comprises a photochromic adhesive layer or a thermochromic adhesive layer; when the light-adjustable color-changing layer is in a darkest state, the absolute value of the transmission color a value of the light-adjustable laminated glass is less than or equal to 5, and the absolute value of the b value of the light-adjustable laminated glass is less than or equal to 8, in terms of Lab values; wherein, when one of the first adhesive layer or the second adhesive layer is a color-changing adhesive layer and the other is a non-color-changing adhesive layer, the absolute values of the transmission color a value and b value of the color-changing adhesive layer in the darkest state are denoted as |a1| and |b1|, and the absolute values of the transmission color a value and b value of the light-adjustable color-changing layer in the darkest state are denoted as |a2| and |b2|, and |a1|, |b1|, |a2| and |b2| satisfy the following relationships: 0.1×|a2|≤|a1|≤4×|a2|, and 0.5×|b2|≤|b1|≤4×|b2|. when both the first adhesive layer and the second adhesive layer are color-changing adhesive layers, the absolute values of the transmission color of the first adhesive layer in the darkest state are denoted as |a1| and |b1|, the absolute values of the transmission color of the second adhesive layer in the darkest state are denoted as |a2| and |b2|, and the absolute values of the transmission color of the light-adjustable color-changing layer in the darkest state are denoted as |a3| and |b3|, and |a1|, |b1|, |a2|, |b2|, |a3| and |b3| satisfy the following relationships: 0.2×(|a1|+|a2|)≤|a3|≤4×(|a1|+|a2|), and 0.5×(|b1|+|b2|)≤|b3|≤4×(|b1|+|b2|).

2. The switchable laminated glass according to claim 1, wherein, the first adhesive layer is a photochromic adhesive layer.

3. The switchable laminated glass according to claim 1, wherein, when one of the first adhesive layer or the second adhesive layer is a color-changing adhesive layer and the other is a non-color-changing adhesive layer, the absolute values of the transmission color a value and b value of the color-changing adhesive layer in the darkest state are denoted as |a1| and |b1|, and the absolute values of the transmission color a value and b value of the light-adjustable color-changing layer in the darkest state are denoted as |a2| and |b2|, and |a1|, |b1|, |a2| and |b2| satisfy the following relationships: 0.5×|a2|≤|a1|≤4×|a2|, and 0.5×|b2|≤|b1|≤4×|b2|.

4. The switchable laminated glass according to claim 1, wherein, when one of the first adhesive layer or the second adhesive layer is a color-changing adhesive layer and the other is a non-color-changing adhesive layer, the absolute values of the transmission color a value and b value of the color-changing adhesive layer in the darkest state are denoted as |a1| and |b1|, and the absolute values of the transmission color a value and b value of the light-adjustable color-changing layer in the darkest state are denoted as |a2| and |b2|, and |a1|, |b1|, |a2| and |b2| satisfy the following relationships: 2×|a2|≤|a1|≤3×|a2|, and / or, 0.8×|b2|≤|b1|≤0.9×|b2|.

5. The switchable laminated glass according to claim 1, wherein, When the first adhesive layer and the second adhesive layer are both color-changing adhesive layers, let the absolute values of the transmitted color of the first adhesive layer in the darkest state be |a1| and |b1|, let the absolute values of the transmitted color of the second adhesive layer in the darkest state be |a2| and |b2|, and let the absolute values of the transmitted color of the light-adjustable color-changing layer in the darkest state be |a3| and |b3|, |a1|, |b1|, |a2|, |b2|, |a3| and |b3| satisfy the following relationships: 0.5×(|a1|+|a2|)≤|a3|≤4×(|a1|+|a2|), and 0.5×(|b1|+|b2|)≤|b3|≤4×(|b1|+|b2|).

6. The switchable laminated glass according to claim 1, wherein, When the first adhesive layer and the second adhesive layer are both color-changing adhesive layers, let the absolute values of the transmitted color of the first adhesive layer in the darkest state be |a1| and |b1|, let the absolute values of the transmitted color of the second adhesive layer in the darkest state be |a2| and |b2|, and let the absolute values of the transmitted color of the light-adjustable color-changing layer in the darkest state be |a3| and |b3|, |a1|, |b1|, |a2|, |b2|, |a3| and |b3| satisfy the following relationships: 0.3×(|a1|+|a2|)≤|a3|≤0.4×(|a1|+|a2|), and / or, 1.1×(|b1|+|b2|)≤|b3|≤1.2×(|b1|+|b2|).

7. The switchable laminated glass according to claim 1, wherein, The light-induced color-changing glue layer has a coloring light intensity threshold of greater than or equal to 600 w / m 2 ; and the heat-induced color-changing glue layer has a coloring temperature threshold of greater than or equal to 30℃.

8. The switchable laminated glass according to claim 1, wherein, The photochromic glue layer has a coloring light intensity threshold of 600 w / m 2 to 2000 w / m 2 ; and the thermochromic glue layer has a coloring temperature threshold of 30℃ to 120℃.

9. The switchable laminated glass according to claim 1 or 2, wherein, The photochromic adhesive layer comprises photochromic PVB or photochromic EVA. The thermochromic adhesive layer comprises thermochromic PVB or thermochromic EVA.

10. The switchable laminated glass according to claim 1, wherein, The light-adjustable color-changing layer comprises one of a thermochromic light-adjustable film, a photochromic light-adjustable film, and an electrochromic light-adjustable film.

11. The switchable laminated glass according to claim 1, wherein, The material of the light-adjustable color-changing layer comprises one of an EC film, an SPD film, and an Lv film.

12. A vehicle, the glass of the vehicle comprising the light-adjustable laminated glass according to any one of claims 1-11.

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