A low-voltage electrical topology automatic identification method and system

Abstract

The application discloses a low-voltage electrical topology automatic identification method, comprising the following steps: installing a master monitoring terminal near a transformer of a power distribution station and installing slave monitoring terminals at topology identification points of lines of the power distribution station; the master monitoring terminal successively issues a command of generating a characteristic load to the slave monitoring terminals; the slave monitoring terminal receiving the command generates the characteristic load accordingly, all the other slave monitoring terminals judge whether the load current characteristics generated by the characteristic load can be monitored from the power grid, and the monitoring results are uploaded to the master monitoring terminal; the master monitoring terminal judges the relative relationship between the other slave monitoring terminals and the slave monitoring terminal generating the characteristic load according to the monitoring results; and the master monitoring terminal forms an electrical topology structure file of the superior-inferior relationship of all the slave monitoring terminals of the power distribution station according to the relative relationship. The scheme realizes automatic identification of the topology of the power distribution station, is convenient to install and implement, has high identification accuracy, and is small in technical realization difficulty.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of low-voltage electrical technology, specifically to a method and system for automatic identification of voltage electrical topology. Background Technology

[0002] In my country, the rated voltage for low-voltage power supply is 380V. A distribution area refers to the power supply range or region of a single transformer. my country has a vast number of low-voltage distribution areas, with varying levels of technology and uneven development. In recent years, with the increasing demands for refined management in power distribution, the construction of intelligent distribution areas has developed rapidly. The purpose of intelligent distribution areas is to integrate monitoring, protection, metering, communication, dynamic reactive power compensation control, harmonic suppression, and three-phase imbalance management, effectively completing tasks such as power grid information collection, status monitoring, data sharing, remote monitoring, and information processing, supporting remote monitoring and emergency command. The foundation of intelligent distribution areas is the electrical topology of the distribution area. However, the accuracy of distribution area topologies in my country is generally low, especially in some economically underdeveloped areas or rural power grids. Due to historical factors, design and management are not standardized, drawings are lacking, and unauthorized wiring is widespread. The lack of accurate electrical topology poses a significant challenge to power outage repair, line loss calculation, and improving power supply reliability. Solving the problem of drawing the topologies of a large number of existing distribution areas is a very urgent need facing low-voltage power distribution.

[0003] To address the need for accurate electrical topology mapping, key transformer areas typically rely on manual line checking and verification, followed by manual mapping and archiving. Other methods employ handheld topology identification devices, performing point-by-point power outages for testing. All of these methods are labor-intensive and inefficient. A further approach involves installing positioning and identification devices on the lines, using coordination between these devices to achieve topology identification; however, these methods generally have low accuracy. To date, no truly practical, easy-to-implement, and highly accurate solution has been found for engineering applications. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a method and system for automatic identification of low-voltage electrical topology, which realizes automatic identification of transformer area topology, is easy to install and implement, has a high identification accuracy, and is technically easy to implement.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this application adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] As a first aspect of this application, a method for automatic identification of low-voltage electrical topology is proposed, comprising:

[0007] Step 1: Install the main monitoring terminal near the distribution transformer in the transformer substation area, and install the slave monitoring terminal at the line topology identification point in the transformer substation area;

[0008] Step 2: The main monitoring terminal sends a command to the slave monitoring terminal to generate characteristic load;

[0009] Step 3: The slave monitoring terminal that receives the command generates a characteristic load accordingly, and all other slave monitoring terminals determine whether they can detect the load current characteristics generated by the characteristic load from the power grid, and send the monitoring results to the master monitoring terminal.

[0010] Step 4: The main monitoring terminal determines the relative relationship between other slave monitoring terminals and the slave monitoring terminal that generated the characteristic load based on the monitoring results;

[0011] Step 5: The main monitoring terminal sequentially executes the operations of steps 2 to 4 on all the slave monitoring terminals;

[0012] Step 6: The main monitoring terminal generates an electrical topology file showing the hierarchical relationship between all slave monitoring terminals in the distribution area based on the aforementioned relative relationships.

[0013] Preferably, the process of the slave monitoring terminal receiving the command generating a characteristic load includes: when the slave monitoring terminal receives the command to generate a characteristic load sent by the master monitoring terminal, it immediately connects a load with high-frequency disconnection to the power grid, so that the load current of the power grid reflects the characteristics of the characteristic load;

[0014] The phrase "all other monitoring terminals determine whether the load current characteristics generated by the characteristic load can be detected from the power grid and send the monitoring results to the main monitoring terminal" specifically means that: other monitoring terminals monitor the power grid current flowing through the installation location, determine whether the load current characteristics generated by the characteristic load can be detected, and send their respective monitoring results to the main monitoring terminal.

[0015] The main monitoring terminal determines the relative relationship between other slave monitoring terminals and the slave monitoring terminal that generates the characteristic load based on the monitoring results. Specifically, if the load current characteristics generated by the characteristic load can be monitored, it means that this slave monitoring terminal is on the upstream branch of the trigger; otherwise, it means that this slave monitoring terminal is not on the upstream branch of the trigger. The trigger refers to the slave monitoring terminal that generates the characteristic load.

[0016] Preferably, the monitoring terminal includes a characteristic load generation circuit, which includes a MOSFET connected in series and a fixed impedance, or an IGBT component connected in series and a fixed impedance. The monitoring terminal generates a characteristic load current by controlling the high-frequency switching of the MOSFET or IGBT component.

[0017] Preferably, the communication between the main monitoring terminal and the slave monitoring terminal adopts one or a combination of at least two of the following communication methods: power line carrier, wireless, serial port, and network.

[0018] Preferably, the master monitoring terminal obtains the communication IDs of all slave monitoring terminals through an offline pre-configuration method, and the master monitoring terminal communicates with the slave monitoring terminals through the communication IDs to issue commands to generate characteristic loads.

[0019] Preferably, the main monitoring terminal obtains the communication IDs of all slave monitoring terminals through the communication topology function of power line carrier communication.

[0020] Preferably, the main monitoring terminal is set up separately or integrated into the metering concentrator, and the slave topology terminal is set up separately or integrated into the branch monitoring unit or the meter.

[0021] As a second aspect of this application, a low-voltage electrical topology automatic identification system is proposed, comprising:

[0022] The main monitoring terminal is installed near the distribution transformer in the distribution area;

[0023] From the monitoring terminal, installed at the line topology identification point in the transformer area;

[0024] The main monitoring terminal sequentially sends commands to the slave monitoring terminals to generate characteristic loads;

[0025] The slave monitoring terminal that receives the command generates a characteristic load accordingly. All other slave monitoring terminals determine whether they can monitor the load current characteristics generated by the characteristic load from the power grid and send the monitoring results to the master monitoring terminal. The master monitoring terminal determines the relative relationship between the other slave monitoring terminals and the slave monitoring terminal that generates the characteristic load based on the monitoring results.

[0026] The main monitoring terminal generates an electrical topology file showing the hierarchical relationship between all slave monitoring terminals in the distribution area based on the relative relationships.

[0027] Preferably, the monitoring terminal includes a characteristic load generation circuit, which includes a MOSFET connected in series and a fixed impedance, or an IGBT component connected in series and a fixed impedance. The monitoring terminal generates a characteristic load current by controlling the high-frequency switching of the MOSFET or IGBT component.

[0028] Preferably, the communication between the main monitoring terminal and the slave monitoring terminal adopts one or a combination of at least two of the following communication methods: power line carrier, wireless, serial port, and network.

[0029] The beneficial effects achieved by this application are:

[0030] 1. This application uses characteristic load as a medium to judge the relationship between topology identification points, thereby realizing the automatic identification of transformer area topology. It is easy to install and implement, and has a high identification accuracy.

[0031] 2. The preferred characteristic load generation circuit has a simple design, uses few components, has high reliability, is suitable for long-term operation, and its current characteristics are easy to identify. It can be implemented through simple digital signal processing technology, and this function can be directly generated using the carrier modules of commonly used TTUs and LTUs without interfering with the power supply in the distribution area. Attached Figure Description

[0032] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of an automatic identification method for low-voltage electrical topology according to an embodiment of this application;

[0033] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a load characteristic generation circuit according to an embodiment of this application;

[0034] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a low-voltage electrical topology automatic identification system according to an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and should not be used to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 1 The illustration shows an automatic identification method for low-voltage electrical topology provided in an embodiment of this application, comprising:

[0037] S101: Install the main monitoring terminal near the distribution transformer in the transformer substation, and install the slave monitoring terminal at the line topology identification point in the transformer substation.

[0038] Install a main monitoring terminal near the low-voltage distribution transformer, and install slave monitoring terminals at key nodes within the transformer area that need to be identified. Record the installation location, communication parameters, equipment model, and other information for each slave monitoring terminal. Both the main and slave monitoring terminals are connected in parallel between the live and neutral wires of the voltage supply line (between phases A / B / C and N).

[0039] Optionally, the main monitoring terminal can be set up separately or integrated into the metering concentrator, and the slave topology terminal can be set up separately or integrated into the branch monitoring unit or the meter.

[0040] S102: The main monitoring terminal sends a command to the slave monitoring terminal to generate a characteristic load.

[0041] Optionally, the communication between the main monitoring terminal and the slave monitoring terminal may employ one or a combination of at least two of the following communication methods: power line carrier, wireless, serial port, and network.

[0042] The master monitoring terminal obtains the communication IDs of all slave monitoring terminals through offline pre-configuration. The master monitoring terminal then communicates with the slave monitoring terminals using these communication IDs to issue commands that generate characteristic loads.

[0043] The main monitoring terminal can also obtain the communication IDs of all slave monitoring terminals through the communication topology function of power line carrier communication.

[0044] S103: The slave monitoring terminal that receives the command generates a characteristic load accordingly, and all other slave monitoring terminals determine whether they can monitor the load current characteristics generated by the characteristic load from the power grid, and send the monitoring results to the master monitoring terminal.

[0045] The monitoring terminal includes a characteristic load generation circuit, consisting of a MOSFET (Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor) capable of high-frequency switching and connected in series with a fixed-parameter impedance. The MOSFET is controlled by the CPU on the monitoring terminal. The characteristic load generation circuit is connected in parallel between the live and neutral wires of the power supply line (between phases A / B / C and N). See Appendix. Figure 2 The characteristic load current is generated by controlling the high-frequency switching of the MOSFET from the monitoring terminal.

[0046] Optionally, the characteristic load generating circuit can also consist of IGBT components connected in series and a fixed impedance, generating characteristic load current from the monitoring terminal by controlling the high-frequency switching of the IGBT components.

[0047] The process of a slave monitoring terminal receiving the command to generate a characteristic load includes: when the slave monitoring terminal receives the command to generate a characteristic load from the master monitoring terminal, it immediately connects a load with high-frequency disconnection to the power grid, so that the load current of the power grid reflects the characteristics of the characteristic load.

[0048] All other monitoring terminals that determine whether the load current characteristics generated by the characteristic load can be detected from the power grid and send the monitoring results to the main monitoring terminal specifically refer to: other monitoring terminals monitoring the power grid current flowing through the installation location, determining whether the load current characteristics generated by the characteristic load can be detected, and sending their respective monitoring results to the main monitoring terminal.

[0049] S104: The main monitoring terminal determines the relative relationship between other slave monitoring terminals and the slave monitoring terminal that generates the characteristic load based on the monitoring results.

[0050] If the load current characteristics generated by the characteristic load can be monitored, it indicates that the monitoring terminal is located on the upstream branch of the trigger, which is closer to the power source. The power grid consists of power sources (generators), lines, and loads; "closer to the power source" means the terminal is relatively closer to the power source. If the load current characteristics generated by the characteristic load cannot be monitored, it indicates that the monitoring terminal is not on the upstream branch of the trigger. Here, the trigger refers to the monitoring terminal that generates the characteristic load.

[0051] S105: The main monitoring terminal sequentially executes steps S102 to S104 on all the slave monitoring terminals.

[0052] S106: The main monitoring terminal generates an electrical topology file showing the hierarchical relationship between all slave monitoring terminals in the distribution area based on the aforementioned relative relationships.

[0053] like Figure 3 The image shows an embodiment of an automatic low-voltage electrical topology identification system provided in this application, comprising:

[0054] The main monitoring terminal is installed near the distribution transformer in the distribution area.

[0055] The monitoring terminal is installed at the line topology identification point in the transformer area. One monitoring terminal must be installed at each line topology point that needs to be identified.

[0056] The master monitoring terminal sequentially sends commands to the slave monitoring terminals to generate characteristic loads. The slave monitoring terminals receiving these commands generate the characteristic loads accordingly. All other slave monitoring terminals determine whether they can detect the load current characteristics generated by the characteristic loads from the power grid and send the monitoring results to the master monitoring terminal. The master monitoring terminal then determines the relative relationship between the other slave monitoring terminals and the slave monitoring terminal that generated the characteristic loads based on the monitoring results. The master monitoring terminal then generates an electrical topology file showing the hierarchical relationship of all slave monitoring terminals in the distribution area based on these relative relationships.

[0057] In a preferred embodiment, in the low-voltage electrical topology automatic identification system, the process of the slave monitoring terminal receiving the command generating a characteristic load includes: when the slave monitoring terminal receives the command to generate a characteristic load sent by the master monitoring terminal, it immediately connects the load to the power grid with high-frequency disconnection, so that the load current of the power grid reflects the characteristics of the characteristic load.

[0058] The phrase "all other monitoring terminals determine whether the load current characteristics generated by the characteristic load can be detected from the power grid and send the monitoring results to the main monitoring terminal" specifically means that the other monitoring terminals monitor the power grid current flowing through the installation location, determine whether the load current characteristics generated by the characteristic load can be detected, and send their respective monitoring results to the main monitoring terminal.

[0059] The main monitoring terminal determines the relative relationship between other slave monitoring terminals and the slave monitoring terminal that generates the characteristic load based on the monitoring results. Specifically, if the load current characteristics generated by the characteristic load can be monitored, it means that this slave monitoring terminal is on the upstream branch of the trigger; otherwise, it means that this slave monitoring terminal is not on the upstream branch of the trigger. The trigger refers to the slave monitoring terminal that generates the characteristic load.

[0060] In a preferred embodiment, in the low-voltage electrical topology automatic identification system, the slave monitoring terminal includes a characteristic load generation circuit, which includes a MOSFET connected in series and a fixed impedance, or an IGBT component connected in series and a fixed impedance. The slave monitoring terminal generates a characteristic load current by controlling the high-frequency switching of the MOSFET or IGBT component.

[0061] In a preferred embodiment, in the low-voltage electrical topology automatic identification system, the communication method between the master monitoring terminal and the slave monitoring terminal adopts one or a combination of at least two of the following communication methods: power line carrier, wireless, serial port, and network.

[0062] In a preferred embodiment, in the low-voltage electrical topology automatic identification system, the master monitoring terminal obtains the communication IDs of all slave monitoring terminals through an offline pre-configuration method, and the master monitoring terminal communicates with the slave monitoring terminals through the communication IDs to issue commands to generate characteristic loads.

[0063] In a preferred embodiment, in the low-voltage electrical topology automatic identification system, the master monitoring terminal obtains the communication IDs of all slave monitoring terminals through the communication topology function of power line carrier communication.

[0064] In a preferred embodiment, in the low-voltage electrical topology automatic identification system, the main monitoring terminal is set up separately or integrated in the metering concentrator, and the slave topology terminal is set up separately or integrated in the branch monitoring unit or the meter.

[0065] Below, in conjunction with Figure 3 The automatic identification system for low-voltage electrical topology shown here details the automatic identification process.

[0066] A main monitoring terminal is installed near the distribution transformer in the transformer substation area, and slave monitoring terminals are installed at the line topology identification points of the transformer substation area: branch 1, branch 2, branch n, sub-branch 1-1, sub-branch 1-2, sub-branch 1-2-1, sub-branch 1-2-2, sub-branch n-1, and sub-branch n-2.

[0067] The master monitoring terminal sends a command to the slave monitoring terminals to generate a characteristic load. The slave monitoring terminal receiving the command generates the characteristic load accordingly. All other slave monitoring terminals determine whether they can detect the load current characteristics generated by the characteristic load from the power grid and send the monitoring results to the master monitoring terminal. The master monitoring terminal determines the relative relationship between the other slave monitoring terminals and the slave monitoring terminal that generated the characteristic load based on the monitoring results. The master monitoring terminal sequentially performs the above operations on all slave monitoring terminals.

[0068] For example, when the main monitoring terminal issues a command to the monitoring terminal at branch 1 to generate a characteristic load, the monitoring terminal at branch 1 generates the characteristic load, and all other slave monitoring terminals are unable to monitor the load current characteristics generated by the characteristic load from the power grid. Based on the monitoring results, the main monitoring terminal determines that the other slave monitoring terminals are not upstream of branch 1.

[0069] When the main monitoring terminal issues a command to the monitoring terminal at branch 1-1 to generate a characteristic load, the monitoring terminal at branch 1-1 generates the characteristic load. The monitoring terminal at branch 1 can monitor the load current characteristics generated by the characteristic load from the power grid. Based on the monitoring results, the main monitoring terminal determines that the slave monitoring terminal at branch 1 is located upstream of branch 1-1. Other slave monitoring terminals besides those at branch 1 cannot monitor the load current characteristics generated by the characteristic load from the power grid. Based on the monitoring results, the main monitoring terminal determines that the other slave monitoring terminals are not upstream of branch 1-1.

[0070] The master monitoring terminal generates an electrical topology file that defines the hierarchical relationship between all slave monitoring terminals in the distribution area based on the upstream branches of each slave monitoring terminal.

[0071] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for automatic identification of low-voltage electrical topology, characterized in that, include: Step 1: Install the main monitoring terminal near the distribution transformer in the transformer substation, and install the slave monitoring terminal at the line topology identification point in the transformer substation; The monitoring terminal includes a characteristic load generation circuit, which includes a MOS transistor connected in series and a fixed impedance, or an IGBT component connected in series and a fixed impedance. Step 2: The main monitoring terminal sends a command to the slave monitoring terminal to generate characteristic load; Step 3: The slave monitoring terminal that receives the command generates a characteristic load accordingly. Specifically, when the slave monitoring terminal receives the command to generate a characteristic load from the master monitoring terminal, it controls the high-frequency switching of the MOS transistor or IGBT component in the characteristic load generation circuit, thereby connecting the load to the power grid with high-frequency switching, so that the load current of the power grid reflects the characteristics of the characteristic load. All other monitoring terminals determine whether the load current characteristics generated by the characteristic load can be monitored from the power grid and send the monitoring results to the main monitoring terminal. Step 4: The main monitoring terminal determines the relative relationship between other slave monitoring terminals and the slave monitoring terminal that generates the characteristic load based on the monitoring results. Specifically, if the load current characteristics generated by the characteristic load can be monitored, it indicates that this slave monitoring terminal is on the upstream branch of the trigger; otherwise, it indicates that this slave monitoring terminal is not on the upstream branch of the trigger. The triggerer refers to the monitoring terminal that generates the characteristic load; Step 5: The main monitoring terminal sequentially executes steps 2 to 4 on all the slave monitoring terminals; Step 6: The main monitoring terminal generates an electrical topology file showing the hierarchical relationship between all slave monitoring terminals in the distribution area based on the aforementioned relative relationships.

2. The method for automatic identification of low-voltage electrical topology according to claim 1, characterized in that, The phrase "all other monitoring terminals determine whether the load current characteristics generated by the characteristic load can be detected from the power grid and send the monitoring results to the main monitoring terminal" specifically means that the other monitoring terminals monitor the power grid current flowing through the installation location, determine whether the load current characteristics generated by the characteristic load can be detected, and send their respective monitoring results to the main monitoring terminal.

3. The method for automatic identification of low-voltage electrical topology according to claim 1, characterized in that, The communication between the main monitoring terminal and the slave monitoring terminal adopts one or more of the following communication methods: power line carrier, wireless, serial port, and network, or a combination of at least two of them.

4. The method for automatic identification of low-voltage electrical topology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The master monitoring terminal obtains the communication IDs of all slave monitoring terminals through an offline pre-configuration method. The master monitoring terminal then communicates with the slave monitoring terminals using these communication IDs to issue commands that generate characteristic loads.

5. The method for automatic identification of low-voltage electrical topology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main monitoring terminal obtains the communication IDs of all slave monitoring terminals through the communication topology function of power line carrier communication.

6. The method for automatic identification of low-voltage electrical topology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main monitoring terminal is set up separately or integrated in the metering concentrator, and the slave monitoring terminal is set up separately or integrated in the branch monitoring unit or the meter.

7. A low-voltage electrical topology automatic identification system, characterized in that, include: The main monitoring terminal is installed near the distribution transformer in the distribution area; From the monitoring terminal, installed at the line topology identification point in the transformer area; The monitoring terminal includes a characteristic load generation circuit, which includes a MOS transistor connected in series and a fixed impedance, or an IGBT component connected in series and a fixed impedance. The main monitoring terminal sequentially sends commands to the slave monitoring terminals to generate characteristic loads; The slave monitoring terminal that receives the command generates a characteristic load accordingly. Specifically, when the slave monitoring terminal receives the command to generate a characteristic load sent by the master monitoring terminal, it controls the high-frequency switching of the MOS transistor or IGBT component in the characteristic load generation circuit, thereby connecting the load to the power grid with a high-frequency switching, so that the load current of the power grid reflects the characteristics of the characteristic load. All other monitoring terminals determine whether they can detect the load current characteristics generated by the characteristic load from the power grid and send the monitoring results to the main monitoring terminal. The main monitoring terminal determines the relative relationship between the other monitoring terminals and the monitoring terminal that generated the characteristic load based on the monitoring results. Specifically, if the load current characteristics generated by the characteristic load can be detected, it means that this monitoring terminal is on the upstream branch of the trigger; otherwise, it means that this monitoring terminal is not on the upstream branch of the trigger. The triggerer refers to the monitoring terminal that generates the characteristic load; The main monitoring terminal generates an electrical topology file showing the hierarchical relationship between all slave monitoring terminals in the distribution area based on the relative relationships.

8. The low-voltage electrical topology automatic identification system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The communication between the main monitoring terminal and the slave monitoring terminal adopts one or more of the following communication methods: power line carrier, wireless, serial port, and network, or a combination of at least two of them.

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