A device for precise localization and puncture of intracranial hematoma and its puncture method

Abstract

This invention discloses a device and method for precise localization and puncture of intracranial hematoma, comprising a positioning marker cap and a puncture catheter assembly. The positioning marker cap has multiple marker points, with two marker points corresponding to the puncture direction being the puncture start point and the puncture direction point, respectively. The puncture catheter assembly includes a column, a hollow guide tube, and a roller. The column has a through hole, and the hollow guide tube passes through the through hole. The roller is height-adjustably fitted over the column. A malleable connecting rod is provided on one side of the roller, with positioning balls at both ends. The two positioning balls correspond to the puncture start point and the puncture direction point, respectively. An opening is provided at the top of the hollow guide tube, and an angle-adjustable guide clip is provided on the other side of the roller, fitted over one end of the hollow guide tube. This invention can position and guide the puncture needle, achieving precise localization and puncture of the hematoma, avoiding unnecessary damage to the patient and reducing surgical risks.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of positioning and puncture devices, specifically to a device for precise positioning and puncture of intracranial hematoma and its puncture method. Background Technology

[0002] Intracranial hemorrhage occurs when blood vessels rupture in the brain or between the brain tissue and skull due to factors such as high blood pressure or trauma. Blood pools in the brain or between the brain and skull, compressing the brain tissue and causing an intracranial hematoma. Intracranial hemorrhage has a rapid onset and is extremely dangerous. After the hemorrhage, the hematoma compresses functional nuclei and sensorimotor tracts, leading to coma, hemiplegia, and other neurological dysfunctions. Its mortality and disability rates are extremely high.

[0003] Currently, the main treatments for intracranial hematomas are craniotomy and hematoma aspiration. With advancements in technology, there is a growing preference for minimally invasive aspiration drainage for treating intracranial hemorrhage. However, during aspiration, CT scans are typically used to locate the hematoma before manual drainage via a needle. This manual drainage procedure, however, suffers from challenges due to the lack of hematoma localization and guidance equipment, making precise puncture difficult and increasing the risk of unnecessary injury to the patient. While devices such as stereotactic frames (operating systems), neurosurgical navigation systems, and robots can precisely locate and perform aspiration, their operation is cumbersome and extremely expensive, making them unsuitable for widespread adoption in primary hospitals. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention aims to provide a device for precise localization and puncture of intracranial hematoma to solve the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows: a precise intracranial hematoma localization and puncture device, comprising a positioning marker cap and a puncture catheter assembly. The positioning marker cap is worn on the head of a hematoma patient to obtain the puncture position, puncture direction, and puncture distance. The positioning marker cap is provided with multiple marker points, and the two marker points corresponding to the puncture direction are the puncture start point and the puncture pointing point, respectively. The puncture catheter assembly includes a column, a hollow guide tube, and a roller. The column is provided with a through hole, and the hollow guide tube is inserted through the through hole. The roller is height-adjustable and sleeved outside the column. A malleable connecting rod is provided on one side of the roller, and positioning balls are provided at both ends of the malleable connecting rod. The two positioning balls correspond to the puncture start point and the puncture pointing point, respectively. An opening is provided at the top of the hollow guide tube for the malleable connecting rod to slide and make way, so that the positioning balls enter the hollow guide tube. An angle-adjustable guide clip is provided on the other side of the roller, and the guide clip is sleeved outside one end of the hollow guide tube to fix the direction of the hollow guide tube.

[0006] In one embodiment, a positioning grid is formed on the positioning marker cap, multiple marker points are arranged on the positioning grid, and horizontal and vertical coordinates are established on the positioning grid.

[0007] In one embodiment, the markers are set on the positioning grid in alternating patterns of varying sizes and shapes.

[0008] In one embodiment, the positioning marker cap is a stretchable nylon cap.

[0009] In one embodiment, a retractable fixing strip is provided below the positioning mark cap.

[0010] In one embodiment, a crossbar is formed on one side of the roller, and the middle of the malleable link is connected below the end of the crossbar away from the roller.

[0011] In one embodiment, a positioning screw is provided on the roller.

[0012] In one embodiment, a connecting folding rod is formed on the other side of the roller, and a guide sleeve is installed at the bottom end of the connecting folding rod with an adjustable angle.

[0013] In one embodiment, the bottom of the connecting rod is a spherical body, and the top of the guide sleeve is provided with a spherical groove. The spherical body and the spherical groove are matched accordingly, thereby realizing the adjustable installation of the guide sleeve at the bottom end of the connecting rod.

[0014] The present invention also provides a puncture method for a precise intracranial hematoma localization and puncture device, comprising the following steps:

[0015] (1) Place the positioning marker cap on the head of the hematoma patient and then perform a CT scan to locate the intracranial hematoma in the hematoma patient, thereby obtaining the puncture location, puncture direction and puncture distance.

[0016] (2) Move the roller to the puncture position and fix it. The two marking points on the positioning mark cap corresponding to the puncture direction are the puncture start point and the puncture direction point, respectively. Adjust the malleable connecting rod so that the positioning balls at both ends of the malleable connecting rod are placed at the puncture start point and the puncture direction point, respectively. Record the height position data of the roller. Then move the roller upward so that the two positioning balls are away from the head of the hematoma patient.

[0017] (3) Adjust the angle of the guide sleeve and the hollow guide tube so that the malleable connecting rod slides into the opening of the hollow guide tube, and at the same time the two positioning balls enter the hollow guide tube to fix the height position and angle direction of the guide sleeve. At this time, the axial direction of the hollow guide tube is the puncture direction.

[0018] (4) Remove the malleable connecting rod and positioning ball, replace with sterile guide clamp and hollow catheter, move the roller downwards back to the puncture position corresponding to the height position data of roller 7 recorded above, bring the tube opening of one end of the hollow guide tube close to the puncture starting point, mark the puncture starting point, disinfect and drape the patient's scalp and then cut it, then drill a hole in the skull, insert the puncture needle into the hollow guide tube, and then perform puncture operation on the intracranial hematoma according to the puncture distance measured on CT.

[0019] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] This invention includes a positioning marker cap and a puncture catheterization assembly. The positioning marker cap is worn on the head of a hematoma patient to obtain the puncture location, puncture direction, and puncture distance. The positioning marker cap has multiple marker points; after CT scanning, the two marker points corresponding to the puncture direction can be clearly identified as the puncture start point and puncture direction point, and the puncture distance can be determined. The puncture catheterization assembly includes a column, a hollow guide tube, and a roller. The column has a through hole, and the hollow guide tube passes through the through hole. The roller is height-adjustable and sleeved outside the column. A malleable connecting rod is provided on one side of the roller, and positioning balls are provided at both ends of the malleable connecting rod. The positioning balls correspond to the puncture starting point and puncture direction point, respectively. The top of the hollow guide tube has an opening for the sliding of the malleable connecting rod, allowing the positioning balls to enter the hollow guide tube. On the other side of the roller, there is an angle-adjustable guide sleeve, which is fitted onto the outside of one end of the hollow guide tube to fix its direction. This allows for positioning and guiding of the puncture needle, ensuring the correct puncture direction and position, thereby achieving precise positioning and puncture of the hematoma, avoiding unnecessary damage to the patient, reducing surgical risks, and is simple to operate and inexpensive, making it suitable for promotion and widespread use in primary hospitals. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the tilt of a positioning mark cap according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a front view schematic diagram of a positioning mark cap according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the puncture and catheter placement assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 This is an exploded view of a puncture and catheter placement assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Attached diagram labels: 1. Positioning mark cap, 2. Positioning grid, 3. Marker point, 4. Telescopic fixing strip, 5. Column, 51. Through hole, 6. Hollow guide tube, 61. Opening, 7. Roller, 8. Positioning screw, 9. Molded connecting rod, 10. Positioning ball, 11. Connecting folding rod, 111. Spherical body, 12. Guide sleeve, 121. Spherical groove, 13. Crossbar. Detailed Implementation

[0026] To further illustrate the various embodiments, the present invention provides accompanying drawings. These drawings are part of the disclosure of the present invention, primarily used to illustrate the embodiments and to explain the operating principles of the embodiments in conjunction with the relevant descriptions in the specification. With reference to these drawings, those skilled in the art should be able to understand other possible implementations and the advantages of the present invention. Components in the drawings are not drawn to scale, and similar component symbols are generally used to represent similar components.

[0027] See Figure 1-4 As shown in the figure, as an embodiment of the present invention, a device for precise localization and puncture of intracranial hematoma is provided, including a positioning marker cap 1 and a puncture cannula assembly. The positioning marker cap 1 is worn on the head of a hematoma patient to obtain the puncture direction and puncture distance. The positioning marker cap 1 is provided with multiple marker points 3, and the two marker points 3 corresponding to the puncture direction are respectively the puncture position, the puncture starting point, and the puncture pointing point. The puncture cannula assembly includes a column 5, a hollow guide tube 6, and a roller 7. The column 5 is provided with a through hole 51, and the hollow guide tube 6 is disposed through the through hole 51. The roller 7 is height-adjustable and sleeved on the outside of the column 5. A malleable connecting rod 9 is provided on one side of roller 7. Positioning balls 10 are provided at both ends of the malleable connecting rod 9. The two positioning balls 10 correspond to the puncture starting point and the puncture pointing point, respectively. An opening 61 is provided at the top of the hollow guide tube 6. Specifically, the opening 61 is opened through the top of the hollow guide tube 6 in the axial direction. The opening 61 is used to allow the malleable connecting rod 9 to slide and make way, so that the positioning balls 10 can enter the hollow guide tube 6. An angle-adjustable guide sleeve 12 is provided on the other side of roller 7. The guide sleeve 12 is sleeved on the outside of one end of the hollow guide tube 6 to fix the direction of the hollow guide tube 6.

[0028] The above technical solution involves placing the positioning marker cap 1 on the head of a hematoma patient, followed by a CT scan to locate the intracranial hematoma, thereby obtaining the puncture location, puncture direction, and puncture distance. Then, the roller 7 is moved to the puncture location and fixed. After the CT scan, the two marker points 3 on the positioning marker cap 1 are clearly identified as the puncture start point and puncture direction point, respectively. The malleable connecting rod 9 is adjusted so that the positioning balls 10 at both ends of the malleable connecting rod 9 are placed at the puncture start point and puncture direction point, respectively. Then, the roller 7 is moved upwards so that the two positioning balls... 10. Move the guide sleeve 12 and hollow guide tube 6 away from the hematoma patient's head; then adjust the angle of the guide sleeve 12 and hollow guide tube 6 so that the malleable connecting rod 9 slides into the opening 61 of the hollow guide tube 6, while the two positioning balls 10 enter the hollow guide tube 6. At this time, the axial direction of the hollow guide tube 6 is the puncture direction; finally, remove the malleable connecting rod 9 and positioning balls 10, move the roller 7 downward back to the puncture position, bring one end of the hollow guide tube 6 close to the puncture starting point, insert the puncture needle into the hollow guide tube 6, and perform the puncture operation on the hematoma patient's head according to the puncture distance measured on the CT scan. This invention can position and guide the puncture needle, ensuring the correct puncture direction and position, thereby achieving precise positioning and puncture of the hematoma, avoiding unnecessary damage to the patient, reducing surgical risks, and is simple to operate, low in cost, and suitable for promotion and popularization in primary hospitals.

[0029] In this embodiment, a positioning grid 2 is formed on the positioning marker cap 1, and multiple marker points 3 are arranged on the positioning grid 2. Horizontal and vertical coordinates are established on the positioning grid 2 to facilitate the recording of the marker points 3.

[0030] In this embodiment, the marker points 3 are set on the positioning grid 2 in different sizes and with alternating solid and void patterns, which makes them easy to distinguish and identify, thereby reducing the probability of incorrect recording of the marker points 3.

[0031] In this embodiment, the positioning marker cap 1 is a retractable nylon cap, which is convenient to fit hematoma patients with different head sizes, and at the same time has higher wearing stability.

[0032] In this embodiment, a retractable fixing strip 4 is provided below the positioning marker cap 1, which wraps around the patient's chin and jaw, so that the positioning marker cap 1 can be worn more stably on the patient's head, thereby ensuring that accurate puncture operations can be performed subsequently.

[0033] In this embodiment, a crossbar 13 is formed on one side of the roller 7, and the middle part of the malleable connecting rod 9 is connected to the lower part of the crossbar 13 away from the roller 7. This arrangement facilitates the control and adjustment of the malleable connecting rod 9 and the positioning ball 10.

[0034] In this embodiment, a positioning screw 8 is provided on the roller 7 to control and adjust the position and height of the roller 7 on the column 5.

[0035] In this embodiment, a connecting folding rod 11 is formed on the other side of the roller 7. The guide sleeve 12 is installed at the bottom end of the connecting folding rod 11 with an adjustable angle. The bottom of the connecting folding rod 11 is a spherical body 111, and the top of the guide sleeve 12 is provided with a spherical groove 121. The spherical body 111 and the spherical groove 121 are correspondingly matched, thereby realizing the installation of the guide sleeve 12 at the bottom end of the connecting folding rod 11 with an adjustable angle. The maximum adjustment range of this angle is 360°.

[0036] In this embodiment, the malleable connecting rod 9, the positioning ball 10, and the hollow guide tube 6 are all made of metal, making them more durable.

[0037] The present invention also provides a puncture method for a precise intracranial hematoma localization and puncture device, comprising the following steps:

[0038] (1) Place the positioning marker cap 1 on the head of the hematoma patient and then perform a CT scan to locate the intracranial hematoma in the hematoma patient, thereby obtaining the puncture location, puncture direction and puncture distance.

[0039] (2) Move the roller 7 to the puncture position and fix it. The two marking points 3 on the positioning mark cap 1 corresponding to the puncture direction are the puncture start point and the puncture direction point, respectively. Adjust the malleable connecting rod 9 so that the positioning balls 10 at both ends of the malleable connecting rod 9 are placed at the puncture start point and the puncture direction point, respectively. Record the height position data of the roller 7. Then move the roller 7 upward so that the two positioning balls 10 are away from the head of the hematoma patient.

[0040] (3) Adjust the angle of the guide sleeve 12 and the hollow guide tube 6 so that the malleable connecting rod 9 slides into the opening 61 of the hollow guide tube 6, and at the same time the two positioning balls 10 enter the hollow guide tube 6 to fix the height position and angle direction of the guide sleeve. At this time, the axial direction of the hollow guide tube 6 is the puncture direction.

[0041] (4) Remove the malleable connecting rod 9 and the positioning ball 10, replace the sterile guide clamp and hollow catheter, move the roller 7 downward back to the puncture position corresponding to the height position data of the roller 7 recorded above, bring the tube opening of one end of the hollow guide tube 6 close to the puncture starting point, mark the puncture starting point, perform routine disinfection and draping of the patient's scalp, cut it, then drill a hole in the skull, insert the puncture needle into the hollow guide tube 6, and then perform puncture operation on the intracranial hematoma according to the puncture distance measured on CT.

[0042] The puncture method of the present invention can position and guide the puncture needle, ensuring that the puncture position, puncture direction and puncture distance are accurate, thereby achieving precise positioning and puncture of hematoma, avoiding unnecessary damage to the patient, reducing surgical risks, and is simple to operate and low in cost.

[0043] Although the invention has been specifically shown and described in conjunction with preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that various changes in form and detail made to the invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims fall within the protection scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A device for precise localization and puncture of intracranial hematoma, characterized in that: The device includes a positioning marker cap and a puncture catheterization assembly. The positioning marker cap is worn on the head of a hematoma patient to obtain the puncture location, puncture direction, and puncture distance. The positioning marker cap has multiple marking points, with the two marking points corresponding to the puncture direction being the puncture start point and the puncture pointing point, respectively. The puncture catheterization assembly includes a column, a hollow guide tube, and a roller. The column has a through hole, and the hollow guide tube is inserted through the through hole. The roller is height-adjustable and fitted over the column. A malleable connecting rod is provided on one side of the roller, and positioning balls are provided at both ends of the malleable connecting rod. The two positioning balls correspond to the puncture start point and the puncture pointing point, respectively. An opening is provided at the top of the hollow guide tube to allow the malleable connecting rod to slide and allow the positioning balls to enter the hollow guide tube. An angle-adjustable guide clip is provided on the other side of the roller, and the guide clip is fitted over one end of the hollow guide tube to fix the direction of the hollow guide tube. The positioning marker cap is a retractable nylon cap; A connecting folding rod is formed on the other side of the roller, and a guide sleeve is installed at the bottom end of the connecting folding rod with an adjustable angle.

2. The intracranial hematoma precise localization and puncture device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A positioning grid is formed on the positioning marker cap, and multiple marker points are placed on the positioning grid. Horizontal and vertical coordinates are established on the positioning grid.

3. The intracranial hematoma precise localization and puncture device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The markers are set on the positioning grid in a pattern of varying sizes and alternating solid and dashed dots.

4. The intracranial hematoma precise localization and puncture device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A retractable fixing strip is provided below the positioning mark cap.

5. The intracranial hematoma precise localization and puncture device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A crossbar is formed on one side of the roller, and the middle part of the malleable connecting rod is connected to the lower part of the crossbar away from the roller.

6. The intracranial hematoma precise localization and puncture device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The roller is equipped with positioning screws.

7. The intracranial hematoma precise localization and puncture device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the connecting rod is spherical, and the top of the guide sleeve is provided with a spherical groove. The spherical body and the spherical groove are matched accordingly, so that the guide sleeve can be installed at the bottom of the connecting rod with an adjustable angle.

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