A device for disassembling and assembling large nuts and hydraulic tensioners on the lower head

Abstract

The present invention discloses a disassembly and assembly device for a large nut and a hydraulic tensioner for a lower head, comprising a detachable track, a transverse movement mechanism, a lifting mechanism and a pallet adjustment mechanism. The detachable track comprises a ring plate and a lifting ear connecting plate. The lifting ear connecting plate is fixedly arranged on the ring plate. A long ring hole is arranged in the middle portion of the ring plate. The transverse movement mechanism is located at the long ring hole. The lifting mechanism is arranged below the ring plate, and the pallet adjustment mechanism is arranged on one side of the lifting mechanism. The present invention adopts a disassembly and assembly device for a large nut and a hydraulic tensioner for a lower head of the above structure. The device adopts a purely mechanical structure and is used in conjunction with a handheld portable electric wrench. The device has the characteristics of simple structure, easy use, easy disassembly and assembly, good versatility, and stable operation. It solves the problems of high labor intensity, inadequate coordination, low efficiency, and high risk factor in the past when manually lifting a hydraulic tensioner.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of chemical machinery and equipment, in particular to a device for disassembling and assembling a large nut and a hydraulic stretcher on a lower head. Background Art

[0002] In chemical companies, many high-pressure equipment have large nuts on the lower heads. When removing these nuts, a hydraulic tensioner is required to stretch the bolts within their elastic deformation zone, causing the bolt diameter to slightly deform, loosening the nuts for removal. When using a hydraulic tensioner to remove nuts, manpower is required to continuously lift the tensioner's stretching body until the stretching nut is completely screwed into the body. The stretching body is relatively heavy, and the position of the stretching body must be constantly adjusted while the nut is being screwed in so that it is concentric with the bolt before the stretching nut can be screwed in. Therefore, removing the lower head nut requires a lot of manpower and labor, and repetitive work can easily fatigue the operators, increasing the risk factor. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a disassembly and assembly device for large nuts and hydraulic tensioners of the lower head, which adopts a purely mechanical structure and is used in conjunction with a handheld portable electric wrench. It has the characteristics of simple structure, easy use, easy disassembly and assembly, good versatility, and stable operation. It solves the problems of high labor intensity, inadequate coordination, low efficiency and high risk factor in the previous manual lifting of hydraulic tensioners.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention provides a disassembly and assembly device for large nuts and hydraulic tensioners on a lower head, comprising a detachable track, a transverse movement mechanism, a lifting mechanism and a pallet adjustment mechanism. The detachable track comprises a ring plate and a lifting ear connecting plate. The lifting ear connecting plate is fixedly arranged on the ring plate. A long ring hole is arranged in the middle part of the ring plate. The transverse movement mechanism is located at the long ring hole. The lifting mechanism is arranged below the ring plate, and the pallet adjustment mechanism is arranged on one side of the lifting mechanism.

[0005] Preferably, the ear connecting plate is configured to be U-shaped, with a head ear welded on top thereof; the cross section of the ring plate is configured to be stepped, and two through holes are provided on the cross section.

[0006] Preferably, the transverse movement mechanism includes a sleeve, a support plate and a support shaft, the upper part of the sleeve is cylindrical in shape, bearing 1 is fixedly provided at both ends of the sleeve, and washer 1 is provided at the inner rail of bearing 1; the lower end of the sleeve is connected to the support plate, the support shaft is fixedly provided on both sides of the support plate, bearing 2 is fixedly provided on the upper end of the support shaft, and washer 2 is provided at the inner rail of bearing 2; a groove is provided on the support plate; the height of the support shaft is adjustable.

[0007] Preferably, the lifting mechanism includes a screw rod, a guide rail and a frame, the upper end of the guide rail is provided with a square head, and the square head is adapted to fit the groove on the support plate; the frame is provided at both ends of the guide rail, and the frame is symmetrical along the central axis of the guide rail; front and rear guide grooves are provided on the guide rail, and bearing three is provided at both ends of the front and rear guide grooves, and the bearing three is fixed to the strip hole of the frame through a bearing fixing ring and a single-head bolt, and a top screw hole is provided at the rear of the strip hole, and the top screw hole and the top screw cooperate with each other; the screw rod is arranged in the square nut through the shaft sleeve, and the screw rod passes through the frame; a frame connecting block is provided between the screw rod and the guide rail, and the frame connecting block is located at the upper end surface of the frame; the upper end of the screw rod is provided with a hexagonal head, and the lower end of the screw rod is provided with a pin hole, and an O-type safety pin is passed through the pin hole.

[0008] Preferably, the pallet adjustment mechanism includes a connecting shaft, a pallet rack and a pallet, the pallet rack is connected to the frame connecting block through the connecting shaft, the pallet rack is U-shaped and has four bar holes; the pallet is round and has four wire holes, and the pallet is connected to the pallet rack by bolts.

[0009] Preferably, the tray rack is rotatable around the connecting shaft, and the tray is slidable along the tray rack.

[0010] Preferably, a stretcher is provided on the tray, a stretcher cylinder is provided inside the stretcher, and a stretcher piston is provided inside the stretcher cylinder.

[0011] Therefore, the present invention adopts a lower head large nut and hydraulic tensioner disassembly and assembly device with the above structure, which has the following advantages:

[0012] (1) The equipment is compact and flexible, and can adapt to the disassembly and assembly of the lower head in areas with limited surrounding space.

[0013] (2) The ring plate and tray are determined according to the size of the head. The actuator is a universal component. The support shaft height is adjustable to adapt to different ring plate thicknesses and adjust the guide rail verticality.

[0014] (3) The transverse movement mechanism is firmly mounted on the ring plate, making the operation safer and more reliable.

[0015] (4) The lifting mechanism is equipped with a guide rail so that the screw rod is only subjected to axial force, and the movement is smoother. A safety pin is set at the lower end of the screw rod to effectively prevent the frame from falling.

[0016] (5) The horizontal angle of the tray is adjustable, and the tray can rotate around the connecting axis and move forward and backward to ensure that the stretching body is concentric with the stretched bolt and to better screw the stretching nut.

[0017] (6) Four bolts at the tray limit the outer wall of the tensile body cylinder to prevent the tensile body from falling, with good safety performance.

[0018] The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below through the accompanying drawings and embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 This is a diagram showing the use of an embodiment of a device for disassembling and assembling a large nut and a hydraulic tensioner on a lower head according to the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a device for disassembling and assembling a large nut and a hydraulic tensioner on a lower head according to the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a structural schematic diagram of a detachable track for a large nut and hydraulic tensioner disassembly and assembly device for a lower head according to the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 This is a structural schematic diagram of a transverse movement mechanism of a large nut and hydraulic tensioner disassembly and assembly device for a lower head according to the present invention;

[0023] Figure 5 This is a structural schematic diagram of a lifting mechanism for disassembling and assembling equipment for a large nut and a hydraulic tensioner on a lower head according to the present invention;

[0024] Figure 6 This is a structural schematic diagram of a tray adjustment mechanism for a large nut and hydraulic tensioner disassembly and assembly device for a lower head according to the present invention;

[0025] Figure 7 This is a diagram showing the limiting principle of a large nut on a lower head and a stretcher of a tray adjustment mechanism for disassembling and assembling a hydraulic stretcher according to the present invention;

[0026] Figure 8 This is a tray adjustment diagram of a tray adjustment mechanism of a lower head large nut and hydraulic tensioner disassembly and assembly device according to the present invention;

[0027] Reference numerals

[0028] 1. Detachable track; 11. Ring plate; 12. Lifting lug connecting plate; 13. Head lifting lug;

[0029] 2. Transverse movement mechanism; 21. Bushing; 22. Support plate; 23. Support shaft; 24. Bearing 1; 25. Washer 1; 26. Bearing 2; 27. Washer 2; 28. Groove;

[0030] 3. Lifting mechanism; 31. Screw; 311. Hexagonal head; 312. O-type safety pin; 32. Guide rail; 33. Frame; 34. Square head; 35. Front and rear guide slots; 36. Bearing 3; 37. Square nut; 38. Frame connecting block; 39. Jackscrew;

[0031] 4. Pallet adjustment mechanism; 41. Connecting shaft; 42. Pallet rack; 43. Pallet; 44. Stretcher; 441. Stretcher cylinder; 442. Stretcher piston. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The technical solution of the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0033] Unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used in the present invention shall have the usual meanings understood by persons of ordinary skill in the field to which the present invention belongs. The words "first", "second" and similar terms used in the present invention do not indicate any order, quantity or importance, but are only used to distinguish different components. Words such as "include" or "comprise" mean that the elements or objects preceding the word include the elements or objects listed after the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. Words such as "connect" or "connected" are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. "Up", "down", "left", "right" and the like are only used to indicate relative positional relationships. When the absolute position of the object being described changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0034] Example

[0035] The present invention adopts a lower head large nut and hydraulic stretcher 44 disassembly and assembly device with the above structure, which includes a detachable track 1, a transverse movement mechanism 2, a lifting mechanism 3 and a tray adjustment mechanism 4.

[0036] The removable track 1 comprises a ring plate 11 and a lug connection plate 12. The lug connection plate 12 is fixed to the ring plate 11 and is U-shaped, with a head lug 13 welded to its top. The ring plate 11 has a stepped cross-section and two through-holes for connecting the ring plates 11 and securing them to the bottom of the lug connection plate 12. A long annular hole is provided in the middle of the ring plate 11, where the transverse movement mechanism 2 is located, serving as the moving track for the transverse movement mechanism 2. A lifting mechanism 3 is located below the ring plate 11, with a tray adjustment mechanism 4 located on one side of the lifting mechanism 3.

[0037] The transverse movement mechanism 2 includes a sleeve 21, a support plate 22, and a support shaft 23. The upper portion of the sleeve 21 is cylindrical, and bearings 24 are fixedly mounted at both ends of the sleeve 21. Bearings 24 cooperate with the sleeve 21 and serve as a load-bearing mechanism. Washers 25 are mounted on the inner rails of bearings 24. The lower end of the sleeve 21 is connected to the support plate 22. Support shafts 23 are fixedly mounted on both sides of the support plate 22. Bearings 26 are fixedly mounted on the upper end of the support shaft 23. Washers 27 are mounted on the inner rails of bearings 26. The presence of washers can reduce wear and increase the service life of the bearings. A groove 28 is provided on the support plate 22. The height of the support shaft 23 is adjustable to accommodate ring plates 11 of varying thicknesses and to adjust the verticality of the lifting mechanism 3.

[0038] The lifting mechanism 3 includes a screw 31, a guide rail 32, and a frame 33. The upper end of the guide rail 32 is provided with a square head 34, which interfits with the groove 28 on the support plate 22 and is welded together. The frames 33 are provided at both ends of the guide rail 32. The frames 33 are symmetrical along the central axis of the guide rail 32. The guide rail 32 is provided with front and rear guide grooves 35. The provision of front and rear guide grooves 35 improves the operating efficiency of the lifting mechanism 3. Bearings 36 are provided at both ends of the front and rear guide grooves 35. Bearings 36 are fixed to the strip holes of the frame 33 via bearing retaining rings and single-head bolts. A jackscrew hole is provided behind the strip hole, which mates with a jackscrew 39. The screw rod 31 is mounted within the square nut 37 via the shaft sleeve 21. The screw rod 31 passes through the frame 33, and a frame connection block 38 is provided between the screw rod 31 and the guide rail 32. The frame connection block 38 is located at the upper section of the frame 33. A bolt passing through a strip hole can be used to adjust the center distance of the bearing 3 36 via a set screw 39, thereby adjusting the tray adjustment mechanism 4. The upper end of the screw rod 31 is provided with a hexagonal head 311. During use, the hexagonal head 311 can be turned with an electric wrench to raise or lower the frame 33. The lower end of the screw rod 31 is provided with a pin hole, and an O-type safety pin 312 is inserted into the pin hole to effectively prevent the frame 33 from falling.

[0039] The pallet adjustment mechanism 4 includes a connecting shaft 41, a pallet rack 42 and a pallet 43. The pallet rack 42 is connected to the frame connecting block 38 through the connecting shaft 41. The pallet rack 42 is U-shaped and has four bar-shaped holes. The pallet 43 is circular and has four wire holes. A stretcher 44 is provided on the pallet 43. A stretcher cylinder 441 is provided inside the stretcher 44. A stretcher piston 442 is provided inside the stretcher 44. The pallet 43 is connected to the pallet rack 42 by bolts. The pallet rack 42 can rotate around the connecting shaft 41, and the inner wall of the pallet rack 42 forms a limit with the screw rod 31 to prevent the rotation angle from being too large. The pallet 43 can slide along the pallet rack 42. This design can adjust the stretcher 44 to be concentric with the stretched bolt to ensure that the stretching nut is better screwed. The outer ring diameter of the stretcher piston 442 is smaller than the inner ring diameter of the pallet, which can ensure that the stretcher piston 442 does not interfere with the lifting mechanism 3 when it is pressed and extended. In addition, the attached Figure 8 "A" represents the angle the tray can rotate, and "B" represents the distance the tray can slide.

[0040] Before the operation begins, the stretcher 44 is placed on the tray 43. After it is in place, the bolts on the tray will limit the outer wall of the stretcher cylinder 441 to prevent it from falling. At this time, the height and angle of the support shaft 23 are adjusted to make the guide rail 32 vertical, so that the transverse mechanism 2 can operate smoothly, and the top screw 39 at the bearing 36 is adjusted to make the tray horizontal. The angle and distance of the tray are adjusted to make the stretcher 44 concentric with the bolt to be stretched, and the hexagonal head 311 at the upper end of the screw rod 31 is screwed with an electric wrench. The frame 33 will rise accordingly, and then the stretching nut is screwed into the bolt to be stretched, and the large nut is pressed to loosen it. After the stretching nut is screwed out, the hexagonal head 311 is screwed with an electric wrench to lower the frame 33, and the stretcher 44 is pushed to the next nut position to be removed. The operation other than the above-mentioned support shaft 23 and tray adjustment is carried out until all nuts are removed.

[0041] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit the same. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify or replace the technical solutions of the present invention with equivalents, and these modifications or equivalent replacements cannot cause the modified technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for disassembling and assembling a large nut and a hydraulic tensioner of a lower head, characterized by: It includes a detachable track, a transverse movement mechanism, a lifting mechanism and a pallet adjustment mechanism. The detachable track includes a ring plate and a lug connecting plate. The lug connecting plate is fixedly arranged on the ring plate. A long ring hole is arranged in the middle part of the ring plate. The transverse movement mechanism is located at the long ring hole. The lifting mechanism is arranged below the ring plate, and the pallet adjustment mechanism is arranged on one side of the lifting mechanism. The transverse movement mechanism includes a shaft sleeve, a support plate and a support shaft, the upper part of the shaft sleeve is cylindrical in shape, a bearing 1 is fixedly provided at both ends of the shaft sleeve, and a washer 1 is provided at the inner rail of the bearing 1; the lower end of the shaft sleeve is connected to the support plate, the support shaft is fixedly provided on both sides of the support plate, a bearing 2 is fixedly provided at the upper end of the support shaft, and a washer 2 is provided at the inner rail of the bearing 2; a groove is provided on the support plate; the height of the support shaft is adjustable; The lifting mechanism comprises a screw rod, a guide rail and a frame, the upper end of the guide rail is provided with a square head, and the square head is adapted to fit the groove on the support plate; the frame is provided at both ends of the guide rail, and the frame is symmetrical along the central axis of the guide rail; a front and a rear guide groove are provided on the guide rail, and a bearing three is provided at both ends of the front and rear guide grooves, and the bearing three is fixed to the strip hole of the frame by a bearing fixing ring and a single-head bolt, and a top screw hole is provided at the rear of the strip hole, and the top screw hole and the top screw cooperate with each other; the screw rod is arranged in the square nut through the shaft sleeve, and the screw rod passes through the frame; a frame connecting block is provided between the screw rod and the guide rail, and the frame connecting block is located at the upper end surface of the frame; the upper end of the screw rod is provided with a hexagonal head, and the lower end of the screw rod is provided with a pin hole, and an O-type safety pin is passed through the pin hole; The pallet adjustment mechanism includes a connecting shaft, a pallet rack and a pallet. The pallet rack is connected to the frame connecting block through the connecting shaft. The pallet rack is U-shaped and has four bar holes. The pallet is circular and has four wire holes. The pallet is connected to the pallet rack by bolts.

2. The device for disassembling and assembling a large nut and a hydraulic tensioner for a lower head according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ear connecting plate is set to be U-shaped, and a head ear is welded on the top of it; the cross section of the ring plate is set to be stepped, and two through holes are set on the cross section.

3. The device for disassembling and assembling a large nut and a hydraulic tensioner for a lower head according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tray frame can rotate around the connecting shaft, and the tray can slide along the tray frame.

4. The device for disassembling and assembling a large nut and a hydraulic tensioner for a lower head according to claim 3, characterized in that: A stretcher is provided on the pallet, a stretcher cylinder is provided inside the stretcher, a stretcher piston is provided inside the stretcher cylinder, and an outer ring diameter of the stretcher piston is smaller than an inner ring diameter of the pallet.

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