A blast furnace tuyere air volume uniform distribution system and method

Abstract

The present application provides a blast furnace tuyere air volume uniform distribution system and method. The device comprises a hot blast main pipe, a shunt device, a shunt pipe, a sub-inlet pipe, a hot blast surrounding pipe and a hot blast branch pipe; one end of the hot blast main pipe is connected with the shunt device, the other end of the shunt device is connected with a plurality of shunt pipes, the sub-inlet pipe of the shunt pipe is connected with the hot blast surrounding pipe, a plurality of hot blast branch pipes are uniformly arranged in the circumferential direction of the inner circle of the hot blast surrounding pipe, and pipe valves and flow sensors are arranged at the hot blast main pipe, the shunt pipe and the hot blast branch pipe respectively. The device of the present application adopts a two-stage shunt mode to gradually shunt the hot blast to the tuyere and then into the blast furnace, wherein the shunt device reduces the turbulent energy of the hot blast sent by the hot blast main pipe, the uniform and inclined distribution of the sub-inlet pipe reduces the airflow turbulence caused by the rotational collision flow in the hot blast surrounding pipe, and the hot blast system promotes the uniform distribution of the tuyere air volume in structure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of blast furnace smelting, and in particular to a system and method for uniformly distributing air volume at a blast furnace tuyere. Background Art

[0002] The distribution of airflow within a blast furnace is related to the temperature distribution within the furnace, the structure of the soft melting zone, the flow of the furnace, and the utilization of the gas. Therefore, it is crucial to understand the distribution of the gas flow. The hot blast system distributes hot air to the tuyere through the hot blast duct, which enters the furnace and forms the initial distribution of the gas flow in the tuyere vortex area. However, due to the annular structure of the hot blast duct, the distribution of the airflow in the tuyere is uneven. In recent years, to reduce the cost of pig iron, the smelting intensity of blast furnaces has been continuously improved, which requires extremely high uniformity of the tuyere air volume distribution. However, smelting operations such as increasing the oxygen enrichment rate and coal injection amount will aggravate the uneven distribution of the tuyere air volume, resulting in differences in the smelting environment in different areas of the blast furnace, worsening the local environment, and shortening the life of the blast furnace.

[0003] In recent years, for the unevenness of circumferential airflow distribution of blast furnace air supply system, domestic and foreign researchers have carried out many studies, due to the complexity and difficulty of blast furnace internal experiment and monitoring, mainly by the method of numerical simulation, but related research focuses on studying airflow distribution itself, and the improvement measures of hot blast system are less studied, and at present also do not yet have the system and method that can realize the uniform distribution of blast furnace tuyere air volume and put into practical application. The measures taken on the blast furnace site at present are mainly to control the tuyere air volume in a certain direction of blast furnace by directly changing the tuyere diameter (tuyere adding circle, blocking tuyere and other means), and it is impossible to realize the uniform distribution of all tuyere air volumes. CN114395654A discloses a blast furnace uniform air supply equipment and method with external flow control zone, although external flow control section is added, it only reduces the hot blast kinetic energy of hot blast main pipe delivery, and it is impossible to solve the tuyere air volume difference that causes after hot blast enters hot blast surrounding pipe, each tuyere and entrance are different because of distance. CN115109880A discloses a device and method for uniforming airflow in hot blast furnaces using variable-diameter hot blast pipes. This device expands the diameter of the hot blast pipes in four symmetrical locations with larger circumferential airflow. Theoretically, this only improves the uniformity of tuyere airflow distribution in these four locations to a certain extent, but its scope of application is limited. There is no specific formula for the expansion of the pipe diameter, and once established, there is no further control available. Furthermore, there are fewer control methods for uniformly distributing airflow in blast furnace tuyeres suitable for vanadium-titanium magnetite smelting. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a simple, efficient, and highly applicable system and method for uniformly distributing airflow in blast furnace tuyeres. Summary of the Invention

[0004] According to the technical problem of uneven distribution of blast furnace tuyere air volume, a blast furnace tuyere air volume uniform distribution system and method are provided.The present application mainly uses the secondary flow distribution device and flow control valve to realize the uniform distribution of hot air and real-time control, thereby achieving the purpose of uniform distribution of blast furnace tuyere air volume.

[0005] The technical means adopted by the present application are as follows:

[0006] A blast furnace tuyere air volume uniform distribution system, comprising: a hot blast main pipe, a flow distribution device, a flow distribution pipe, a sub-inlet pipe, a hot blast surrounding pipe and a hot blast branch pipe.

[0007] The hot blast main pipe is connected to one end of the flow distribution device, the other end of the flow distribution device is connected to a plurality of flow distribution pipes, the sub-inlet pipe of the flow distribution pipe is connected to the hot blast surrounding pipe, the hot blast surrounding pipe is circularly arranged around the periphery of the blast furnace bosh, a plurality of hot blast branch pipes are uniformly arranged in the circumferential direction of the inner circle of the hot blast surrounding pipe, and tuyeres are arranged at the end of the hot blast branch pipes, and pipe valves and flow sensors are arranged at the hot blast main pipe, the flow distribution pipe and the hot blast branch pipe respectively.

[0008] Further, the flow distribution device is a cavity structure of a cuboid or a sphere, the minimum characteristic length of the flow distribution device is greater than or equal to the diameter of the hot blast main pipe, and the maximum characteristic length of the flow distribution device is greater than or equal to 1.5 times the diameter of the hot blast main pipe.

[0009] Further, the number of flow distribution pipes is less than or equal to the number of tuyeres, and the radius of the flow distribution pipe is:

[0010]

[0011] wherein r f is the radius of the flow distribution pipe, N is the number of flow distribution pipes, and D is the diameter of the hot blast main pipe.

[0012] Further, the intersection of the central axis aa n of any sub-inlet pipe and the central axis bb of the hot blast surrounding pipe is c n , the line connecting c n and the centroid o of the hot blast surrounding pipe is c n o, and the included angle a between c n o and aa n ranges from 15 to 90 degrees; the inclination angles a of all sub-inlet pipes are the same, and the angle a is inclined in the clockwise or counterclockwise direction when viewed from top to bottom.

[0013] The present application also provides a blast furnace tuyere air volume uniform distribution method, which is realized based on the above-mentioned blast furnace tuyere air volume uniform distribution system and comprises the following steps:

[0014] Step one, primary flow distribution:

[0015] The hot air is evenly distributed from the hot air main pipe to the sub-inlet pipe through the diversion device and the diversion pipe, and then enters the hot air surrounding pipe, so that the hot air entering the hot air surrounding pipe moves in a counterclockwise or clockwise circular motion along the pipe;

[0016] Step 2: Secondary diversion:

[0017] The hot air continuously enters the hot air branch pipes evenly distributed along the inner side of the hot air surrounding pipe during the circular motion, and finally sends the hot air into the blast furnace through the tuyere;

[0018] Step 3: Collect pipeline flow and valve opening data:

[0019] Collect the flow data Q of the hot air main pipe through the flow sensor t , flow data Q of the diversion pipe n , flow data Q of hot air branch pipe m , Opening data of hot air main pipe valve T t , the opening data of the diversion pipe valve T n , opening data of hot air branch pipe valve T m , where n is the number of the branch pipe, which is 1, 2, ..., n respectively; m is the number of the hot air branch pipe, which is 1, 2, ..., m respectively;

[0020] Step 4: Determine the rationality of the first-level diversion:

[0021] According to the hot air main pipe flow data and the diversion pipe flow data, determine whether the first-level diversion is reasonable, and adjust the pipeline valve of the diversion pipe;

[0022] Step 5: Determine the rationality of secondary diversion:

[0023] According to the flow data of the hot air branch pipe and the flow data of the hot air main pipe, it is judged whether the secondary diversion is reasonable, and the pipeline valve of the hot air branch pipe is adjusted to make the air volume of the air outlet evenly distributed.

[0024] Furthermore, the method for determining whether the primary diversion is reasonable is:

[0025] When Q n ≤[Q t / n]±1%, the hot air volume is evenly distributed in the first-level diversion process, no adjustment is required, and the process goes to step five;

[0026] When there is Q n ≥[Q t / n]±1%, adjust the opening and closing degree of the diverter valve at position n, and return to step 3 until Q n ≤[Q t / n]±1%.

[0027] Further, the method for judging whether the secondary flow is reasonable is:

[0028] When Q m ≤ [Q t / m] ± 1%, the hot blast is evenly distributed in the secondary flow process, and no adjustment is needed;

[0029] When Q m ≥ [Q t / m] ± 1%, the opening and closing degree of the valve of the mth position is adjusted, and the process returns to step three until Q m ≤ [Q t / m] ± 1%, and the blast volume is evenly distributed.

[0030] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following advantages:

[0031] 1. The device of the present application divides the hot blast into two stages and then into the tuyere, wherein the flow dividing device reduces the turbulent energy of the hot blast from the main pipe, and the sub-inlet pipe with uniform and inclined distribution reduces the airflow turbulence caused by the revolving collision flow in the hot blast surrounding pipe, so that the hot blast system promotes the uniform distribution of the tuyere blast volume in structure.

[0032] 2. The method of the present application collects the blast volume data of the key positions, which is convenient for the on-site operator to monitor the tuyere blast volume distribution, and adjusts the blast volume of these positions through the judgment rule, further ensures the uniformity of the blast volume distribution of the blast furnace tuyere, and can be applied online, which has high economic efficiency and practicality. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0033] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or the prior art description will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor.

[0034] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the device of the present application.

[0035] Figure 2 It is a method control flowchart of the present application.

[0036] In the figure: A, hot blast main pipe; B, flow dividing device; C, flow dividing pipe; D, sub-inlet pipe; E, hot blast surrounding pipe; F, hot blast branch pipe; G, tuyere; H, pipe valve and flow sensor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0038] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is actually only illustrative and is in no way intended to limit the present invention and its application or use. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present invention. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprise" and / or "include" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0040] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement of the parts and steps, numerical expressions and numerical values ​​described in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention. At the same time, it should be clear that, for ease of description, the sizes of the various parts shown in the drawings are not drawn according to the actual proportional relationship. The techniques, methods and equipment known to ordinary technicians in the relevant fields may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, the techniques, methods and equipment should be considered as part of the authorization specification. In all examples shown and discussed here, any specific value should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not as a limitation. Therefore, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that similar numbers and letters represent similar items in the following figures, so once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further discussed in subsequent figures.

[0041] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a blast furnace tuyere air volume uniform distribution system, comprising: a hot air main pipe A, a diverter device B, a diverter pipe C, a sub-inlet pipe D, a hot air surrounding pipe E and a hot air branch pipe F;

[0042] The hot air main pipe A is connected to one end of the diverter device B. The diverter device B is a rectangular parallelepiped or spherical with a cavity structure. The minimum characteristic length L of the diverter device B is minGreater than or equal to the diameter D1 of the hot blast main A, the maximum characteristic length L of the flow dividing device B max Greater than or equal to 1.5 times the diameter D1 of the hot blast main A. The flow dividing pipes C are uniformly arranged on one side of the flow dividing device B, the number n is generally greater than or equal to 2, the number of the flow dividing pipes C is less than or equal to the number of the tuyeres G, and the radius of the flow dividing pipes C is:

[0043]

[0044] The other end of the flow dividing device B is connected with several flow dividing pipes C, and the sub-inlet pipes D are uniformly arranged on the periphery of the hot blast surrounding pipe E, and the sub-inlet pipes D have a certain inclination angle a when connected with the hot blast surrounding pipe E, that is, the central axis does not pass through the center of mass of the hot blast pipe. The central axis aa of any sub-inlet pipe D n The intersection of the central axis aa of the sub-inlet pipe D and the central axis bb of the hot blast surrounding pipe E is c n , and the line connecting c n and the center of mass o of the hot blast surrounding pipe E is c n o, the included angle a between c n o and aa n is in the range of 15-90°; the inclination angles a of all the sub-inlet pipes D are the same, and when observed from top to bottom, the angles a are inclined in the clockwise or counterclockwise direction.

[0045] The sub-inlet pipes D of the flow dividing pipes C are connected with the hot blast surrounding pipe E, the hot blast surrounding pipe E is in the shape of a circle and surrounds the periphery of the blast furnace bosh, the inner circle of the hot blast surrounding pipe E is uniformly arranged with several hot blast branch pipes F in the circumferential direction, the tuyeres G are arranged at the end of the hot blast branch pipes F, and pipe valves and flow sensors H are arranged at the hot blast main A, the flow dividing pipes C and the hot blast branch pipes F, respectively, the pipe valves control the flow of the pipes by opening and closing, and the corresponding flow sensors can monitor the pipe flow data.

[0046] The diameter D2 of the hot blast surrounding pipe E and the diameter D1 of the hot blast main A are adjusted according to actual needs; the number of the tuyeres G and the tuyere branch pipes is adjusted according to the actual volume of the blast furnace.

[0047] The application also provides a blast furnace tuyere air volume uniform distribution method, which is realized based on the blast furnace tuyere air volume uniform distribution system and includes the following steps.

[0048] Step one, primary flow dividing:

[0049] The hot blast is uniformly distributed to the sub-inlet pipes D through the flow dividing device B and the flow dividing pipes C in sequence, and then enters the hot blast surrounding pipe E, because the sub-inlet pipes D are uniformly distributed along the outside of the hot blast surrounding pipe E and are inclined at a certain angle in the clockwise (or counterclockwise) direction, the hot blast in the hot blast surrounding pipe E moves in the counterclockwise (or clockwise) circumferential direction;

[0050] Step 2: Secondary diversion:

[0051] The hot air continuously enters the hot air branch pipes F evenly distributed along the inner side of the hot air surrounding pipe E during the circular motion, and is finally sent into the blast furnace through the tuyere G.

[0052] Step 3: Collect pipeline flow and valve opening data:

[0053] The flow data Q of the hot air main pipe A is collected through the flow sensor t , flow data Q of diversion pipe C n , flow data Q of hot air branch pipe F m , Opening data of valve of hot air main pipe A T t , the opening data of the valve of the diversion pipe C T n , opening data of hot air branch pipe F valve T m , where n is the number of the branch pipe C, which is 1, 2, ..., n respectively; m is the number of the hot air branch pipe F, which is 1, 2, ..., m respectively;

[0054] Step 4: Determine the rationality of the first-level diversion:

[0055] According to the flow data of the hot air main pipe A, the flow data of the diversion pipe C, the valve opening data of the hot air main pipe A, and the valve opening data of the diversion pipe C, whether the first-level diversion is reasonable is judged, and the pipeline valve of the diversion pipe C is adjusted;

[0056] When Q n ≤[Q t / n]±1%, the hot air volume is evenly distributed in the first-level diversion process, no adjustment is required, and the process goes to step five;

[0057] When there is Q n ≥[Q t / n]±1%, adjust the opening and closing degree of the valve C of the shunt pipe at position n, and return to step 3 until Q n ≤[Q t / n]±1%.

[0058] Step 5: Determine the rationality of secondary diversion:

[0059] According to the flow data of the hot air branch pipe F, the flow data of the hot air main pipe A, and the valve opening data of the hot air branch pipe F, it is judged whether the secondary diversion is reasonable, and the pipeline valve of the hot air branch pipe F is adjusted to make the air volume of the air outlet G evenly distributed.

[0060] When Q m ≤[Q t / m]±1%, the hot air volume is evenly distributed in the secondary diversion process and no adjustment is required;

[0061] When there is Q m≥[Q t / m]±1%, adjust the opening and closing degree of the valve C of the shunt pipe at position m, and return to step 3 until Q m ≤[Q t / m]±1%, the air volume at tuyere G is evenly distributed.

[0062] Step 6: Output to the database:

[0063] Save flow data, position data, and valve opening data to the database.

[0064] Example 1

[0065] This embodiment uses the structural parameters and operating data of a steel company's blast furnace hot blast system as an example to further explain the present invention. A blast furnace tuyere air volume uniform distribution system includes a hot blast main pipe A, a diverter device B, a diverter pipe C, a sub-inlet pipe D, a hot blast enclosure pipe E, a hot blast branch pipe F, a tuyere G, a pipe valve, and a flow sensor H. The hot blast main pipe A is connected to a plurality of diverter pipes C via a diverter device B. The diverter pipes C are connected to the hot blast enclosure pipe E via a sub-inlet pipe D. The hot blast enclosure pipe E is evenly distributed with a plurality of hot blast branch pipes F along its circumference. Tuyeres G are provided at the ends of the hot blast branch pipes F.

[0066] The diverter device B is a hollow structure, and is selected to be a rectangular parallelepiped. According to the minimum characteristic length L of the diverter device B min ≥1.0 times the diameter D1 of the hot air main pipe A, the maximum characteristic length meets L max ≥1.5D1, according to the hot air main pipe D1 of the blast furnace is taken as 1800mm, then the length, width and height of the cuboid are 3600, 1800 and 1800mm respectively.

[0067] The diverter pipes C are evenly arranged on one side of the diverter device B, and there are two of them. The radius of the diverter pipe C can be calculated according to formula (1), which is 636.4 mm.

[0068]

[0069] The sub-inlet pipes D are evenly arranged on the periphery of the hot air surrounding pipe E, and are characterized in that the sub-inlet pipes D have a certain inclination angle α when connected to the hot air surrounding pipe E, that is, the central axis thereof does not pass through the mass center of the hot air pipe, and satisfies the central axis aa of any sub-inlet pipe D. n Intersection point c with the central axis bb of the hot air pipe E n , and the line c connecting the center of mass o of the hot air pipe E n o,c n o and aa n The included angle α is 15°. At the same time, it is required that the inclination angle α of all sub-inlet pipes D is the same and tilted in the counterclockwise direction when viewed from top to bottom.

[0070] The diameter D2 of the hot air surrounding pipe E is 2120 mm;

[0071] The number of tuyere G branch pipes and tuyere G is 32;

[0072] The pipeline valves and flow sensors are installed at the hot air main pipe A, the diversion pipe C, and the hot air branch pipe F. The pipeline valves control the pipeline flow by the degree of opening and closing, and the corresponding flow sensors can monitor the pipeline flow data;

[0073] Example 2

[0074] Based on Example 1, this embodiment provides a method for uniformly distributing air volume at a blast furnace tuyere, comprising the following steps:

[0075] Step 1: First-level diversion:

[0076] The hot air is evenly distributed from the hot air main pipe A through the diversion device B and the diversion pipe C to the sub-inlet pipe D and then enters the hot air surrounding pipe E. Since the sub-inlet pipe D is evenly distributed along the outside of the hot air surrounding pipe E and tilted counterclockwise at a certain angle, the hot air entering the hot air surrounding pipe E moves in a clockwise circle along the pipe.

[0077] Step 2: Secondary diversion:

[0078] During the circular motion, the hot air continuously enters the hot air branch pipes F evenly distributed along the inner side of the hot air surrounding pipe E, and finally sends the hot air into the blast furnace through the tuyere G.

[0079] Step 3: Collect pipeline flow and valve opening data:

[0080] Collect the flow data Q of the hot air main pipe A, the diversion pipe C, and the hot air branch pipe F t , Q F-n , Q O-m and the corresponding pipeline valve opening data T t 、T n 、T m , where n is the number of the branch pipe C, which is 1 and 2 respectively; m is the number of the hot air branch pipe F, which is 1 and 2 respectively. The specific data are shown in Table 1.

[0081] Table 1 Flow rate and pipeline valve opening data of key parts of blast furnace hot air system

[0082]

[0083]

[0084] Step 4: Determine the rationality of the first-level diversion

[0085] Based on the collected flow data and corresponding valve opening data of the hot air main pipe A and the diversion pipe C, determine whether the first-level diversion is reasonable and adjust the pipe valve of the diversion pipe C. The specific rules are as follows:

[0086] (1) When Q n ≤[Q t / n]±1% meets the requirements, the hot air volume is evenly distributed in the first-level diversion process, and no adjustment is required, and the next step is entered.

[0087] (2) When there is Q n ≥[Q t / n]±1%, adjust the opening and closing degree of the valve C of the shunt pipe at position n, and return to step 3 to make Q n ≤[Q t / n]±1%;

[0088] Substitute the flow data of the diversion pipe C and the hot air main pipe A in Table 1, and calculate, Q n Value relative to [Q t / n] value, the maximum fluctuation does not exceed ±0.6%, meeting the first condition: Q n ≤[Q t / n]±1%, you can proceed to the next step of calculation.

[0089] Step 5: Determine the rationality of secondary diversion

[0090] When Q n ≤[Q t / n]±1% meets the requirements, then judge whether the secondary diversion is reasonable and adjust the pipe valve of the hot air branch pipe F. The specific rules are as follows:

[0091] (1) When Q m ≤[Q t / m]±1% meets the requirements, the hot air volume is evenly distributed in the secondary diversion process and no adjustment is required.

[0092] (2) When there is Q m ≥[Q t / m]±1%, adjust the opening and closing degree of the valve C of the shunt pipe at position m, and repeat step 3 to make Q m ≤[Q t / m]±1%, thereby achieving the purpose of uniform air volume distribution at tuyere G;

[0093] Substituting the data, it is calculated that Q exists only at positions 20, 31, and 32 in the hot air branch pipe F. m The fluctuation of exceeds ±1%, which meets the second condition. Therefore, the opening of the hot air branch pipe F at positions 20, 31, and 32 is adjusted. Generally, Q m <[Q t / m] to increase the valve opening, while on the contrary Q m >[Q t / m], so the valve opening of No. 20 and No. 31 is increased by 1.0%, and the valve opening of No. 32 is decreased by 1.0%. Then return to step 3, re-divert and collect data, and judge the rationality of the first and second level diversion again. After calculation, Q n ≤[Q t / n]±1%,Q m ≤[Q t / m]±1%, you can go to the next step.

[0094] Step 6: Export to database

[0095] Save flow data, position data, and valve opening data to the database.

[0096] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the above embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A blast furnace tuyere air volume uniform distribution system, characterized in that: include: Hot air main pipe, diversion device, diversion pipe, sub-inlet pipe, hot air surrounding pipe and hot air branch pipe; The hot blast main pipe is connected to one end of the diversion device, and the other end of the diversion device is connected to a plurality of diversion pipes. The sub-inlet pipes of the diversion pipes are connected to the hot blast surrounding pipe. The hot blast surrounding pipe is circular and surrounds the outer periphery of the blast furnace bosh. A plurality of hot blast branch pipes are evenly arranged in the circumferential direction of the inner ring of the hot blast surrounding pipe. The ends of the hot blast branch pipes are provided with tuyere. The hot blast main pipe, the diversion pipes, and the hot blast branch pipes are respectively provided with pipeline valves and flow sensors. The central axis aa of the anyon inlet pipe n The intersection point with the central axis bb of the hot air pipe is c n , the c n The line connecting the center of mass o of the hot air pipe is c n o, the c n o and aa n The included angle α ranges from 15° to 90°; the inclination angle α of all sub-inlet pipes is the same, and when viewed from top to bottom, the angle α is inclined in a clockwise or counterclockwise direction; The diverter device is a cuboid or sphere with a cavity structure, the minimum characteristic length of the diverter device is greater than or equal to the diameter of the hot air main pipe, and the maximum characteristic length of the diverter device is greater than or equal to 1.5 times the diameter of the hot air main pipe; The number of the diverter pipes is less than or equal to the number of the tuyere, and the radius of the diverter pipe is: in, is the radius of the branch pipe, N is the number of branch pipes, and D is the diameter of the hot air main pipe.

2. A method for uniformly distributing the air volume of a blast furnace tuyere, implemented based on the blast furnace tuyere air volume uniform distribution system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steps include: Step 1: First-level diversion: The hot air is evenly distributed from the hot air main pipe to the sub-inlet pipe through the diversion device and the diversion pipe, and then enters the hot air surrounding pipe, so that the hot air entering the hot air surrounding pipe moves in a counterclockwise or clockwise circular motion along the pipe; Step 2: Secondary diversion: The hot air continuously enters the hot air branch pipes evenly distributed along the inner side of the hot air surrounding pipe during the circular motion, and finally sends the hot air into the blast furnace through the tuyere; Step 3: Collect pipeline flow and valve opening data: The flow data Q of the hot air main is collected through the flow sensor t , flow data Q of the diversion pipe n , flow data Q of hot air branch pipe m , opening data of hot air main pipe valve T t , the opening data of the diversion pipe valve T n , opening data of hot air branch pipe valve T m , where n is the number of the branch pipe, which is 1, 2, ..., n respectively; m is the number of the hot air branch pipe, which is 1, 2, ..., m respectively; Step 4: Determine the rationality of the first-level diversion: According to the hot air main pipe flow data and the diversion pipe flow data, determine whether the first-level diversion is reasonable, and adjust the pipeline valve of the diversion pipe; Step 5: Determine the rationality of secondary diversion: According to the flow data of the hot air branch pipe and the flow data of the hot air main pipe, it is judged whether the secondary diversion is reasonable, and the pipeline valve of the hot air branch pipe is adjusted to make the air volume of the air outlet evenly distributed.

3. The method for uniformly distributing air volume at the blast furnace tuyere according to claim 2, characterized in that: The method for judging whether the primary diversion is reasonable is: When Q n ≤ [Q t / n] ± 1%, the hot air volume is evenly distributed in the first-level diversion process, no adjustment is required, and the process goes to step five; When there is Q n ≥ [Q t / n] ±1%, adjust the opening and closing degree of the diverter valve at position n, and return to step 3 until Q n ≤ [Q t / n] ± 1%.

4. The method for uniformly distributing air volume at a blast furnace tuyere according to claim 3, characterized in that: The method for judging whether the secondary diversion is reasonable is: When Q m ≤ [Q t / m] ± 1%, the hot air volume is evenly distributed in the secondary diversion process and no adjustment is required; When there is Q m ≥ [Q t / m] ± 1%, adjust the opening and closing degree of the diverter valve at position m, and return to step 3 until Q m ≤ [Q t / m] ± 1%, the air volume at the air outlet is evenly distributed.

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