Multifunctional exhaled breath online sampling device and method thereof

Abstract

The application provides a multifunctional exhaled breath online sampling device and a method thereof. The device comprises a pressure measuring system, a flow measuring system, a mode switching system and a cleaning system. The method comprises the following steps: before sampling, the NC of a two-position three-way electromagnetic valve is closed, the NO is opened, and the gas in the exhaled breath online sampling device is exhausted through a normally open two-way electromagnetic valve; then the NO of the two-position three-way electromagnetic valve is closed, and the NC is opened; the exhaled breath is blown into the exhaled breath online sampling device through a blowing nozzle, the exhaled breath flows through a pressure sensor, the pressure of the exhaled breath is measured, and the saliva is collected into a saliva warehouse; the exhaled breath flows from a high-pressure detection port to a low-pressure detection port, and the flow of the exhaled breath is measured through a flow sensor; the exhaled breath flows from the low-pressure detection port to an electromagnetic valve frame, and then flows through a sampling port through a passage NO, and is collected by a sample container or analyzed online by an analysis instrument; and the pressure of the exhaled breath, the flow of the exhaled breath and the result of the online analysis are displayed through a screen and a control system.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of gas sampling, in particular to a multifunctional exhaled breath online sampling device and method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] Exhaled breath vapor (EBV) contains hundreds of endogenous volatile organic compounds (VOCs), which are byproducts of health and disease metabolism, such as fishy smell representing liver disease, acetone representing diabetes, ammonia representing kidney failure, NO representing asthma, etc. Respiratory analysis has clinical and diagnostic potential. By measuring VOCs in exhaled breath samples, biomarker features of health status can be established, thereby providing new clinical diagnostic tools.

[0003] Respiratory analysis is an attractive non-invasive patient diagnostic tool, but it is difficult to detect compounds at very low concentration levels. Gas chromatography, mass spectrometry, FeNO, ion mobility spectrometry, and laser absorption spectroscopy are widely used to separate and identify volatile organic compounds in human breath. Respiratory measurement conditions: exhalation flow rate, environment, breath holding, forced exhalation operation, and nasal contamination have important effects on concentration. A key problem in measuring VOC concentration in exhaled air is how to sample breath. Because the concentration of VOCs can change during transport, storage, pretreatment, or during sampling at the breath inlet.

[0004] According to the scope of medical diagnosis, breath can be sampled in two ways: mixed exhalation sampling and end-tidal sampling. The first way collects total respiratory volume, and respiratory air mainly includes air from the upper respiratory tract. The second way collects air containing blood components (alveolar air). There is no universal standard for respiratory sampling at present, but for the measurement of nitric oxide, it is recommended that exhalation be collected and detected at constant flow and pressure.

[0005] There are many respiratory sampling techniques currently in use, mainly divided into online (connecting the breath device to the gas analyzer) and offline sampling (breath detection in a sample container, such as a gas bag or enrichment detection with an adsorption tube). In general, it is best to use online direct sampling technology. For this technology, the possibility of sample change is minimized, and at this time the amount of exhalation and other exhalation variables (such as airway flow rate or pressure) are captured together and displayed in real time, and the test administrator can monitor the exhalation to ensure compliance with the required. But in some cases, online sampling is not possible, and appropriate offline methods become very convenient. But the diffusion loss of respiratory air in the storage bag or the adsorption of the inner surface and the interaction between the components of the sample will irreversibly change the original components of the sample, thereby interfering with the final results of the analysis.

[0006] An analysis method for detecting the concentration of acetone in exhaled end gas (CN202111490775.8) discloses an offline method for collecting end exhaled gas: when the exhaled gas passes through the gas flow sensor arranged on the breathing tube through the blowing nozzle, when the flow rate of blowing is greater than the set threshold value, the signal of the sensor is transmitted to the electromagnetic valve, the electromagnetic valve switches the gas path, the front end gas exhaled by the person being sampled which is less than the set flow rate value is discharged, and the end exhaled gas is collected into a Tedlar gas bag. The sampling gas bag gradually becomes larger and is filled after 1 or more times of blowing. Although the patent can track the exhaled gas flow (indicator light) in real time, the exhaled gas flow is only used as a threshold value, and constant pressure, constant flow, and constant volume collection cannot be achieved. The observer cannot track parameters such as pressure and flow in real time, the sampling device cannot achieve online collection, and the sampling device cannot be purged.

[0007] An enrichment device for improving the sensitivity of nasal cavity exhaled end ammonia gas detection (CN219417371U) discloses a method for judging the nasal end gas for online sampling and enrichment by using a bypass detection real-time collected exhaled CO2 curve, and simultaneously realizes the purging of ion mobility spectrometry by using the bypass principle. However, the device will cause a part of the exhaled gas to flow away, affecting the collection efficiency.

[0008] A portable exhaled gas collection device (CN209884147U) can measure the volume of exhaled gas through a flowmeter, and a three-way electromagnetic valve can realize collection gas path switching. Gas-sensitive sensors, temperature and humidity sensors, and pressure sensors are used as sensitive devices to trigger the three-way electromagnetic valve and the air pump to work, and the exhaled gas of the upper respiratory tract and the lower respiratory tract of the person being tested can be collected. However, the device is complex in design and is not suitable for online collection of exhaled gas.

[0009] Therefore, there is a need for an exhaled gas online sampling device to realize online collection and automatic cleaning. SUMMARY

[0010] According to the above technical problems, a multifunctional exhaled gas online sampling device and method thereof are provided. The present application is used for collecting air from the upper respiratory tract and alveoli for clinical research. After the dead gas of the exhaust device is discharged, the collector uses a mask (blowing nozzle) with a biological filter to exhale, and the sampling end is connected to a sample container or an analysis instrument. The data detected by the pressure sensor and the differential pressure flow sensor control the electromagnetic valve to automatically transfer the gas to the sample container or the analysis sampling port. According to the program, mixed exhaled gas or end tidal gas is automatically collected. Through the screen, the collector can obtain the pressure and flow of the exhaled gas in real time, and adjust the breathing strength, constant pressure, constant flow, or constant volume exhaled gas collection.

[0011] The technical means adopted by the present application are as follows:

[0012] A multifunctional online sampling device for exhaled breath, comprising: a pressure measurement system, a flow measurement system, a mode switching system and a cleaning system, wherein:

[0013] The pressure measurement system is connected to the handle at one end and to the flow measurement system at the other end, for measuring the pressure of the exhaled breath; the handle is connected to the mouthpiece;

[0014] The flow measurement system is connected to the pressure measurement system at one end and to the gas switching system at the other end for measuring the flow of exhaled breath;

[0015] The mode switching system is connected to the flow measurement system at one end and to the cleaning system at the other end, for switching the working mode of the online sampling device for exhaled breath to the detection mode or the cleaning mode;

[0016] The cleaning system is connected to the mode switching system, for reverse cleaning of the online sampling device for exhaled breath.

[0017] Further, the pressure measurement system comprises: a sensor holder, a saliva tank and a pressure sensor, wherein:

[0018] The sensor holder is a hollow structure, connected to the mouthpiece through the handle, and provided with a saliva tank below and a pressure sensor above, and a high-pressure detection port at the tail end;

[0019] The saliva tank is provided with a sealing screw below, which is removed for cleaning the saliva tank when the online sampling device for exhaled breath is in the cleaning mode.

[0020] Further, the flow measurement system comprises: a gas resistance pipeline, a flow sensor, a high-pressure detection port and a low-pressure detection port, wherein:

[0021] The gas resistance pipeline is connected to the sensor holder, blocking the exhaled breath passage and driving the exhaled breath to flow into the flow sensor from the high-pressure detection port; the flow sensor is a differential pressure flow sensor, connected to the high-pressure detection port at one end and to the low-pressure detection port at the other end.

[0022] Further, the mode switching system comprises: an electromagnetic valve holder, a sampling port, an exhaust port and a two-position three-way electromagnetic valve, wherein:

[0023] The electromagnetic valve holder is a hollow structure, the low-pressure detection port is connected to the front end of the electromagnetic valve holder, the two-position three-way electromagnetic valve is arranged inside the electromagnetic valve holder, and the two-position three-way electromagnetic valve comprises NO and NC two paths, in the detection mode, NO is closed and NC is opened, and the sampling port is connected, in the cleaning mode, NC is closed and NO is opened, and the exhaust port is connected;

[0024] During online data collection, the sampling port is connected to the analysis instrument, allowing for direct online analysis of exhaled air; during offline data collection, the sampling port is connected to the sample container, allowing for the sampling and collection of exhaled air.

[0025] Furthermore, the cleaning system includes: a three-way pipe, a cleaning pump, and a normally open two-way solenoid valve, wherein:

[0026] The three ports of the three-way pipe are respectively connected to the exhaust port, the cleaning pump, and the normally open two-way solenoid valve; before sampling, the exhaled gas online sampling device empties the gas in the exhaled gas online sampling device through the normally open two-way solenoid valve;

[0027] The cleaning pump is used to deliver high-pressure gas from the cleaning system through the mode switching system, flow measurement system, pressure measurement system, and handle in the cleaning mode, and then blow it out from the nozzle to complete the cleaning.

[0028] Furthermore, the exhaled breath online sampling device also includes a screen and a control system, which can display the measurement results of the pressure sensor and flow sensor in real time, and can display the online analysis results of the analysis instrument in real time during online sampling.

[0029] Corresponding to the multifunctional online exhaled breath sampling device in this application, this application also provides a multifunctional online exhaled breath sampling method, including:

[0030] Before sampling, the NC of the two-position three-way solenoid valve is closed and the NO is opened, so that the gas in the exhaled gas online sampling device is emptied through the normally open two-way solenoid valve; then the NO of the two-position three-way solenoid valve is closed and the NC is opened.

[0031] By blowing air into the online exhaled air sampling device through the mouthpiece, the exhaled air flow passes through the pressure sensor to measure the exhaled air pressure, and the saliva is collected into the saliva tank;

[0032] Exhaled air flows from the high-pressure detection port to the low-pressure detection port, and the exhaled air flow rate is measured by a flow sensor;

[0033] Exhaled air flows from the low-pressure detection port to the solenoid valve holder, and then through the NO passage to the sampling port, where it is collected using a sample container or analyzed online using an analytical instrument.

[0034] The exhaled air pressure, exhaled air flow rate, and online analysis results are displayed on a screen and through the control system.

[0035] Furthermore, the operating method of the exhaled breath online sampling device in cleaning mode is as follows:

[0036] Close the NC position of the two-position three-way solenoid valve and open the NO position. Close the normally open two-way solenoid valve and start the cleaning pump to allow high-pressure gas to flow sequentially from the cleaning system through the mode switching system, flow measurement system, pressure measurement system, and handle, and then blow it out from the nozzle to complete the cleaning process.

[0037] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0038] This invention provides a multifunctional online exhaled breath sampling device and method, comprising: a pressure measurement system, a flow measurement system, a mode switching system, and a cleaning system. It monitors the pressure, flow rate, and total volume of exhaled breath in real time, and works with a solenoid valve to achieve automatic breath sampling. This invention allows the sampling port to be directly connected to the device's inlet for online analysis of exhaled breath, reducing interference and ensuring the original components and morphology of the sample. It can also collect VOCs from the breath into a sample container, enabling clinical respiratory researchers to overcome geographical limitations and share laboratory samples.

[0039] This invention provides a multifunctional online exhaled air sampling device and method. By selecting different control sampling parameters, it can collect air from the upper respiratory tract or alveoli for clinical research. The sampling device also features automatic cleaning and automatic saliva collection functions, making its functionality more comprehensive. This device is an easily assembled exhaled air VOC sampling device for studying respiratory VOCs. It is small in size, lightweight, and low in cost, making it easy to use in clinical and commercial environments. Based on the above reasons, this invention can be widely promoted in fields such as gas sampling. Attached Figure Description

[0040] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0041] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the multifunctional online exhaled breath sampling device of the present invention.

[0042] In the diagram: 1. Mouthpiece; 2. Handle; 3. Sensor holder; 4. Sealing screw; 5. Saliva tank; 6. Air resistance tubing; 7. Solenoid valve holder; 8a. Sample container; 8b. Analytical instrument; 9. Sampling port; 10. Exhaust port; 11. T-connector; 12. Normally open two-way solenoid valve; 13. Cleaning pump; 14. Two-position three-way solenoid valve; 15. Low-pressure detection port; 16. Flow sensor; 17. High-pressure detection port; 18. Pressure sensor; 19. Screen and control system. Detailed Implementation

[0043] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in the present invention can be combined with each other. The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0044] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative and is in no way intended to limit the present invention or its application or use. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0045] It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of exemplary embodiments according to the invention. As used herein, the singular form is intended to include the plural form as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Furthermore, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0046] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement, numerical expressions, and values ​​of the components and steps described in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the invention. It should also be understood that, for ease of description, the dimensions of the various parts shown in the drawings are not drawn to actual scale. Techniques, methods, and devices known to those skilled in the art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, such techniques, methods, and devices should be considered part of the specification. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values ​​should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not as limitations. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters in the following figures denote similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further discussed in subsequent figures.

[0047] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by directional terms such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "horizontal, vertical, horizontal" and "top, bottom" is generally based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise stated, these directional terms do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on the scope of protection of this invention. The directional terms "inner" and "outer" refer to the inner and outer contours relative to the outline of each component itself.

[0048] For ease of description, spatial relative terms such as "above," "over," "on the upper surface of," "above," etc., are used herein to describe the spatial positional relationship of a device or feature as shown in the figures to other devices or features. It should be understood that spatial relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations in use or operation besides the orientation of the device as described in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures is inverted, a device described as "above" or "above" other devices or structures would subsequently be positioned as "below" or "under" other devices or structures. Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below." The device may also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatial relative descriptions used herein will be interpreted accordingly.

[0049] Furthermore, it should be noted that the use of terms such as "first" and "second" to define components is merely for the purpose of distinguishing the corresponding components. Unless otherwise stated, the above terms have no special meaning and therefore should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this invention.

[0050] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a multifunctional online exhaled breath sampling device, comprising: a pressure measurement system, a flow measurement system, a mode switching system, and a cleaning system, wherein:

[0051] The pressure measurement system is connected to the handle 2 at one end and the flow measurement system at the other end, and is used to measure the exhaled air pressure; the handle 2 is connected to the mouthpiece 1.

[0052] In practice, the mouthpiece 1 can be replaced by a mask or a blowpipe, and can be with or without a filter.

[0053] The flow measurement system is connected to the pressure measurement system at one end and the gas switching system at the other end to measure the exhaled air flow rate.

[0054] The mode switching system connects to the flow measurement system on one end and the cleaning system on the other, and is used to switch the operating mode of the online exhaled breath sampling device to detection mode or cleaning mode.

[0055] The cleaning system and connection mode switching system are used for reverse cleaning of the online exhaled breath sampling device.

[0056] In a specific implementation, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the pressure measurement system includes: a sensor holder 3, a saliva tank 5, and a pressure sensor 18, wherein:

[0057] The sensor frame 3 has a hollow structure and is connected to the mouthpiece 1 through the handle 2. A saliva chamber 5 is set at the bottom of the sensor frame 3, and a pressure sensor 18 is set at the top. A high-pressure detection port 17 is set at the tail end of the sensor frame 3.

[0058] A sealing screw 4 is installed below the saliva tank 5. When the exhaled air online sampling device is in cleaning mode, the sealing screw 4 is removed to clean the saliva tank 5.

[0059] During implementation, the pressure sensor 18 can be replaced or added with a humidity sensor, CO2 sensor or other types of sensors according to actual detection needs.

[0060] In a specific implementation, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the flow measurement system includes: a gas resistance pipeline 6, a flow sensor 16, a high-pressure detection port 17, and a low-pressure detection port 15, wherein:

[0061] The air resistance line 6 is connected to the sensor frame 3, blocking the exhaled air passage and driving the exhaled air from the high pressure detection port 17 into the flow sensor 16; the flow sensor 16 is a differential pressure flow sensor, with one end connected to the high pressure detection port 17 and the other end connected to the low pressure detection port 15.

[0062] In practice, the flow sensor 16 can be replaced with other types of sensors, such as thermal flow sensors, invasive flow sensors, or non-invasive flow sensors, depending on the detection requirements.

[0063] In a specific implementation, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the mode switching system includes: a solenoid valve holder 7, a sampling port 9, an exhaust port 10, and a two-position three-way solenoid valve 14, wherein:

[0064] The solenoid valve frame 7 has a hollow structure. The front end of the solenoid valve frame 7 is connected to the low-pressure detection port 15. The two-position three-way solenoid valve 14 is located inside the solenoid valve frame 7. The two-position three-way solenoid valve 14 includes two passages, NO and NC. In the detection mode, NO is closed and NC is open, connecting to the sampling port 9. In the cleaning mode, NC is closed and NO is open, connecting to the exhaust port 10.

[0065] During online data collection, sampling port 9 is connected to the analyzer 8b, allowing for direct online analysis of exhaled air; during offline data collection, sampling port 9 is connected to the sample container 8a, allowing for the sampling and collection of exhaled air.

[0066] In a specific implementation, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the cleaning system includes: a three-way pipe 11, a cleaning pump 13, and a normally open two-way solenoid valve 12, wherein:

[0067] The three ports of the three-way pipe 11 are respectively connected to the exhaust port 10, the cleaning pump 13 and the normally open two-way solenoid valve 12; before sampling, the exhaled gas online sampling device empties the gas in the exhaled gas online sampling device through the normally open two-way solenoid valve 12.

[0068] The cleaning pump 13 is used to pump high-pressure gas from the cleaning system through the mode switching system, flow measurement system, pressure measurement system, and handle 2 in sequence during the cleaning mode, and blow it out from the nozzle 1 to complete the cleaning.

[0069] In a specific implementation, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the exhaled breath online sampling device also includes a screen and a control system. The screen and control system can display the measurement results of the pressure sensor 18 and the flow sensor 16 in real time, and can display the online analysis results of the analysis instrument 8b in real time during online data acquisition.

[0070] During implementation, the control system has the function of uploading the detected data in real time, making it convenient for operators to check whether the exhaled breath collection is qualified.

[0071] Corresponding to the multifunctional online exhaled breath sampling device in this application, this application also provides a multifunctional online exhaled breath sampling method, including:

[0072] Before sampling, the NC of the two-position three-way solenoid valve 14 is closed and the NO is opened, so that the gas in the exhaled gas online sampling device is vented through the normally open two-way solenoid valve 12; then the NO of the two-position three-way solenoid valve 14 is closed and the NC is opened.

[0073] By blowing air into the online exhaled air sampling device through the mouthpiece 1, the exhaled air flow passes through the pressure sensor 18 to measure the exhaled air pressure, and the saliva is collected into the saliva tank 5.

[0074] Exhaled air flows from the high-pressure detection port 17 to the low-pressure detection port 15, and the exhaled air flow rate is measured by the flow sensor 16;

[0075] Exhaled air flows from the low-pressure detection port 15 to the solenoid valve frame 7, and then through the NO passage to the sampling port 9, where it is collected using the sample container 8a or analyzed online using the analytical instrument 8b.

[0076] Exhaled air pressure, exhaled air flow, and the results of online analysis are displayed on the screen and control system 19.

[0077] In a specific implementation, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the working method of the exhaled breath online sampling device in cleaning mode is as follows:

[0078] Close the NC position of the two-position three-way solenoid valve 14 and open the NO position. Close the normally open two-way solenoid valve 12 and turn on the cleaning pump 13 to make the high-pressure gas flow from the cleaning system through the mode switching system, the flow measurement system, the pressure measurement system, and the handle 2 in sequence, and blow it out from the nozzle 1 to complete the cleaning.

[0079] Example

[0080] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a multifunctional online exhaled breath sampling device and method, wherein the online exhaled breath sampling device has two working modes: sampling and cleaning.

[0081] Sampling Mode: The cleaning pump 13 is off, the normally open two-way solenoid valve 12 is open, and the gas is vented from the exhaust port 10. The collector holds the handle 2 and blows air into the device through the mouthpiece 1. At this time, the screen and control system 19 will display the current pressure and flow rate. When the pressure or flow rate reaches the set value, the two-position three-way solenoid valve 14 switches to NC and opens. The screen and control system 19 will issue a prompt sound and begin recording the volume of the collected gas, exhaled air is discharged from the sampling port 9. When the sampling port 9 is connected to the sample container 8a, offline sampling is achieved; when connected to the analytical instrument 8b, online sampling is achieved. The device has multiple sampling modes. The collector observes the sample pressure, flow rate, or volume on the screen in real time and adjusts it to the required sample pressure, flow rate, or volume through positive feedback to achieve constant pressure, constant flow, or constant volume sampling. It can also achieve mixed exhaled breath sampling and end-tidal sampling through delay.

[0082] When the exhaled air contains saliva during the collection process, it flows downwards along the airway and collects in the saliva chamber 5. When the chamber is full, the sealing screw 4 can be loosened to clean it. The screen and control system 19 have the function of uploading the detected data in real time, making it convenient for the operator to check whether the exhaled air collection is qualified.

[0083] Cleaning mode: Cleaning pump 13 is turned on, normally open two-way solenoid valve 12 is closed, and two-position three-way solenoid valve 14 is turned on (NO). The device performs reverse cleaning, with gas flowing along the three-way pipe 11, solenoid valve bracket 7, two-position three-way solenoid valve 14, air resistance pipe 6, sensor bracket 3, and handle 2, finally exiting from nozzle 1 to achieve reverse cleaning. The screen and control system 19 allow setting the cleaning time for convenient operation.

[0084] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multifunctional online exhaled breath sampling device, characterized in that, include: The system includes a pressure measurement system, a flow measurement system, a mode switching system, and a cleaning system, among which: The pressure measurement system is connected to a handle (2) at one end and a flow measurement system at the other end, and is used to measure the exhaled air pressure. The pressure measurement system includes a sensor frame (3), a saliva chamber (5) and a pressure sensor (18). The sensor frame (3) is a hollow structure and is connected to the mouthpiece (1) through the handle (2). The saliva chamber (5) is set at the bottom of the sensor frame (3) and the pressure sensor (18) is set at the top. A high-pressure detection port (17) is set at the tail end of the sensor frame (3). The flow measurement system is connected to a pressure measurement system at one end and a gas switching system at the other end for measuring exhaled air flow. The flow measurement system includes: a gas resistance pipeline (6), a flow sensor (16), a high-pressure detection port (17), and a low-pressure detection port (15). The gas resistance pipeline (6) is connected to a sensor holder (3), which blocks the exhaled air passage and drives the exhaled air to flow from the high-pressure detection port (17) into the flow sensor (16). The flow sensor (16) is a differential pressure flow sensor, with one end connected to the high-pressure detection port (17) and the other end connected to the low-pressure detection port (15). The mode switching system is connected to the flow measurement system at one end and the cleaning system at the other end, and is used to switch the working mode of the exhaled air online sampling device to the detection mode or the cleaning mode. The mode switching system includes: a solenoid valve frame (7), a sampling port (9), an exhaust port (10) and a two-position three-way solenoid valve (14). The solenoid valve frame (7) has a hollow structure. The front end of the solenoid valve frame (7) is connected to the low-pressure detection port (15). The two-position three-way solenoid valve (14) is located inside the solenoid valve frame (7). The cleaning system is connected to a mode switching system for reverse cleaning of the exhaled air online sampling device. The cleaning system includes a three-way pipe (11), a cleaning pump (13), and a normally open two-way solenoid valve (12). The three ports of the three-way pipe (11) are respectively connected to the exhaust port (10), the cleaning pump (13), and the normally open two-way solenoid valve (12). Before sampling, the exhaled air online sampling device empties the gas in the exhaled air online sampling device through the normally open two-way solenoid valve (12).

2. The multifunctional online exhaled breath sampling device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A sealing screw (4) is provided below the saliva tank (5). When the exhaled air online sampling device is in cleaning mode, the sealing screw (4) is removed to clean the saliva tank (5).

3. The multifunctional online exhaled breath sampling device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The two-position three-way solenoid valve (14) includes two passages, NO and NC. In detection mode, NO is closed and NC is open, connecting to the sampling port (9). In cleaning mode, NC is closed and NO is open, connecting to the exhaust port (10). During online data collection, the sampling port (9) is connected to the analysis instrument (8b) to directly analyze the exhaled air online; during offline data collection, the sampling port (9) is connected to the sample container (8a) to sample and collect the exhaled air.

4. The multifunctional online exhaled breath sampling device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cleaning pump (13) is used to blow high-pressure gas from the cleaning system through the mode switching system, flow measurement system, pressure measurement system and handle (2) in the cleaning mode, and blow it out from the nozzle (1) to complete the cleaning.

5. The multifunctional online exhaled breath sampling device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The exhaled air online sampling device also includes a screen and a control system (19), which can display the measurement results of the pressure sensor (18) and the flow sensor (16) in real time, and can display the online analysis results of the analysis instrument (8b) in real time during online sampling.

6. A multifunctional online exhaled breath sampling method based on the multifunctional online exhaled breath sampling device according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, include: Before sampling, the NC of the two-position three-way solenoid valve (14) is closed and the NO is opened, so that the gas in the exhaled gas online sampling device is emptied through the normally open two-way solenoid valve (12); then the NO of the two-position three-way solenoid valve (14) is closed and the NC is opened; Blow air into the online exhalation sampling device through the mouthpiece (1). The exhaled air flows through the pressure sensor (18), the exhaled air pressure is measured, and the saliva is collected into the saliva tank (5). Exhaled air flows from the high-pressure detection port (17) to the low-pressure detection port (15), and the exhaled air flow rate is measured by the flow sensor (16); Exhaled air flows from the low-pressure detection port (15) to the solenoid valve holder (7), and through the NO passage to the sampling port (9), and is collected by the sample container (8a) or analyzed online by the analytical instrument (8b); The exhaled air pressure, exhaled air flow rate, and the results of online analysis are displayed on the screen and control system (19).

7. The multifunctional online exhaled breath sampling method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The operating method of the online exhaled breath sampling device in cleaning mode is as follows: Close the NC and open the NO of the two-position three-way solenoid valve (14), close the normally open two-way solenoid valve (12), and turn on the cleaning pump (13) to make the high-pressure gas flow from the cleaning system through the mode switching system, flow measurement system, pressure measurement system and handle (2) in sequence, and blow it out from the nozzle (1) to complete the cleaning.

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