Supporting beam, foundation pit, underground building and construction method

Abstract

The application discloses a support beam, a foundation pit, an underground building and a construction method, relates to the technical field of building engineering, and solves the problems of high construction cost and large construction space occupation of the existing support beam, reduces the use of materials, and specifically has the following arrangement: the support beam is composed of at least one support unit, the support unit comprises two symmetrically arranged horizontal parts, the end parts located on the same side of the two horizontal parts are fixedly connected through first arch parts, and the two first arch parts and the adjacent horizontal parts between the two first arch parts are fixedly connected through second arch parts.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of building engineering technology, and in particular to a support beam. Background Technology

[0002] Excavation pit support refers to the measures taken to support, reinforce, and protect the sidewalls and surrounding environment of the excavation pit to ensure the safety of underground structure construction and the surrounding environment. Concrete support beams / steel beams are the most commonly used methods for underground retaining structures.

[0003] The inventors discovered that existing support beams mostly use strip-shaped steel or concrete beams, and due to structural limitations, the spacing between adjacent beams is relatively small (e.g., Figure 8 As shown, during the construction of long foundation pits, the small spacing of the support beams (generally 3-4 meters) not only leads to high construction costs but also causes a small construction space, resulting in no working surface for construction equipment such as excavators. In the construction of underground building structures, due to the large horizontal load, the support beams have limited ability to distribute the horizontal load, resulting in the oversized dimensions of the external walls and internal beams and columns, which leads to a waste of construction materials and greatly increases construction costs. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, the present invention aims to provide a support beam, foundation pit, underground structure, and construction method. By utilizing the horizontal part to bear the horizontal force and converting the horizontal force into axial pressure through the arch, the compressive strength of the material can be fully utilized, thereby reducing the amount of material used in the support unit. Furthermore, the arch can increase the working surface area between adjacent support units, solving the problems of high construction cost and large construction space occupation of existing support beams.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solution:

[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a support beam comprising at least one support unit, the support unit having two symmetrically arranged horizontal portions, the ends of the two horizontal portions located on the same side being fixedly connected by a first arch, and the two first arches being fixedly connected to each other and to adjacent horizontal portions by a second arch.

[0007] As a further implementation, the first arch is an arched structure, with two first arches arranged symmetrically, and the tops of the two first arches on the same support unit are fixedly connected at the center of the support unit.

[0008] As a further implementation, there is a gap between the arch top connection of the two first arches and the horizontal portions on both sides, and the second arch is installed in the gap.

[0009] As a further implementation, the second arch protrudes in a direction away from the center of the support unit, and the two ends of the second arch are fixedly connected to the first arches on both sides, and the top of the second arch is fixedly connected to the center of the adjacent horizontal part.

[0010] As a further implementation, the adjacent first arches on two adjacent support units are joined to form a circular hole.

[0011] Secondly, the present invention provides a foundation pit in which the support beam is snapped into the support structure on both sides of the foundation pit.

[0012] As a further implementation, the support beam has at least one layer, and the circular holes on two adjacent layers of support beams are coaxially arranged.

[0013] Thirdly, the present invention provides an underground building in which a support beam is fixedly connected to the main structure of the building, and the support beam is located at the top or middle layer of the underground building.

[0014] Fourthly, the present invention provides a construction method for a support beam in a foundation pit, specifically as follows: a support beam is installed at the top of the foundation pit, such that the two sides of the support beam are engaged with the support structure of the foundation pit, and the support units are arranged sequentially along the length of the foundation pit, and the ends of the upper horizontal parts of adjacent support units are connected together using bolts.

[0015] The supporting beams were removed after the construction inside the foundation pit was completed.

[0016] Fifthly, the present invention provides a construction method for a support beam in an underground building, specifically as follows: a support beam is installed on the top / middle layer of the underground building, so that the two sides of the support beam are fixedly connected to the main structure of the underground building, and the support units are arranged sequentially along the length of the underground building, with the first arches of adjacent two support units joined together to form a circular hole structure.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0018] This invention utilizes the horizontal part to bear the horizontal force and converts the horizontal force into axial pressure through the arch, which can give full play to the compressive strength of the material, thereby reducing the amount of material used in the support unit, and the arch can increase the working surface area between adjacent support units. Attached Figure Description

[0019] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the invention.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a support beam according to one or more embodiments of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a structural schematic diagram of the support unit according to one or more embodiments of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram (single-layer) of the installation structure of the support beam in the foundation pit according to one or more embodiments of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram (multi-layer) of the installation structure of the support beam in the foundation pit according to one or more embodiments of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the support beam as a skylight in underground engineering according to one or more embodiments of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the support beam located in the intermediate layer of an underground building according to one or more embodiments of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the horizontal force transmission direction of a support beam according to one or more embodiments of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 8 This is a structural schematic diagram of the existing steel / concrete beams mentioned in the background section;

[0028] In the diagram: the spacing or dimensions between parts have been exaggerated to show their positions; the diagram is for illustrative purposes only.

[0029] Among them, 1. Support unit; 2. Horizontal part; 3. First arch; 4. Second arch. Detailed Implementation

[0030] It should be noted that the following detailed description is illustrative and intended to provide further explanation of the invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used in this invention have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains.

[0031] As described in the background section, existing support beams are mostly made of steel or concrete. Due to structural limitations, the spacing between adjacent beams is small. In the construction of long foundation pits, the small spacing of support beams (generally 3-4 meters) not only leads to high construction costs but also causes a lack of construction space, resulting in no working face for construction equipment such as excavators. In the construction of underground building structures, due to the large horizontal load, the support beams have limited ability to distribute the horizontal load, resulting in the oversized dimensions of the external walls and internal beams and columns, which leads to a waste of construction materials and greatly increases construction costs. In order to solve the above technical problems, this invention proposes a support beam, a foundation pit, an underground building, and a construction method.

[0032] Example 1

[0033] In a typical embodiment of the present invention, such as Figures 1-2 As shown, a support beam is proposed, which consists of at least one support unit 1.

[0034] Specifically, such as Figure 1 As shown, when there is more than one support unit 1, several support units 1 are arranged in sequence along a straight line, and adjacent support units 1 are detachably connected together by bolts.

[0035] like Figure 2 As shown, the support unit 1 consists of a horizontal part 2, a first arch part 3 and a second arch part 4. The horizontal part 2 is a strip-shaped concrete structure. There are two horizontal parts 2, which are symmetrically arranged between each other. The first arch part 3 and the second arch part 4 are fixedly arranged between the two horizontal parts 2 for fixed connection between the two horizontal parts 2, thereby realizing the dispersion and transfer of horizontal force.

[0036] Specifically, the first arch 3 is an arched concrete structure. There are two first arches 3. The two first arches 3 are used for the fixed connection of the ends of the two horizontal parts 2, that is, the ends of the two horizontal parts 2 located on the same side are fixedly connected by a first arch 3.

[0037] Two first arches 3 are arranged symmetrically. Both first arches 3 on the same support unit 1 protrude toward the center of the support unit 1, and the arch tops of the two first arches 3 are fixedly connected at the center of the support unit 1 to form a narrow waist structure. The gap between the connection of the arch tops of the two first arches 3 and the horizontal parts 2 on both sides is a gap. This gap does not contain concrete, which reduces the amount of construction materials used and lowers the construction cost.

[0038] The second arch 4 is also an arched concrete structure. There are two second arches 4, which are fixedly installed in the empty part of the support unit 1. Specifically, there is an empty part between the arch top connection of the two first arches 3 and the horizontal part 2 on both sides. There are two empty parts, and a second arch 4 is fixedly installed in each empty part. The second arch 4 is used to fix the two first arches 3 on both sides and their adjacent horizontal part 2 together.

[0039] The two second arches 4 are symmetrically arranged, and both second arches 4 protrude in a direction away from the center of the support unit 1, such as... Figure 2 As shown, the second arch 4 protrudes toward the horizontal part 2 adjacent to it. The two ends of the second arch 4 are fixedly connected to the first arch 3 on both sides respectively. The top of the second arch 4 is fixedly connected to the center position of the horizontal part 2 adjacent to it, thereby connecting the center position of the horizontal part 2 with the two first arch 3.

[0040] After two adjacent support units 1 are joined together, the horizontal part 2 is combined to form the side of the support beam to bear the horizontal force on both sides of the support beam. The adjacent first arch parts 3 on the two adjacent support units 1 are joined together to form a circular hole structure, which not only increases the light transmission, but also expands the working area and effectively reduces the construction difficulty.

[0041] like Figure 7 As shown, the horizontal forces on both sides of the support beam are first transmitted to the horizontal part 2. The horizontal forces on the horizontal part 2 are divided into three paths. One path is evenly transmitted to the second arch 4 connected to it and converted into axial force. The other two paths are transmitted to the first arch 3 at both ends of it respectively.

[0042] The force transmitted to the second arch 4 will be evenly divided into two paths and transmitted to the first arch 3 on both sides respectively, and converted into axial force. The horizontal force on the horizontal parts 2 on both sides will be transmitted in the same first arch 3 in the opposite direction. At the same time, the two first arches 3 connected at the upper ends of the two adjacent support units 1 will provide reaction force under their mutual limiting action.

[0043] The aforementioned force transmission converts horizontal force into axial pressure, which can fully utilize the compressive strength of the material, thereby reducing the amount of material used in support unit 1, greatly reducing construction costs, and eliminating the need for use with a wainscoting, thus saving construction steps.

[0044] Example 2

[0045] In another typical embodiment of the present invention, such as Figures 3-4 As shown, a foundation pit is proposed. The foundation pit is a long strip foundation pit. The top of the foundation pit is equipped with a support beam as shown in Example 1 along its length. The support beam is connected to the support structure (such as retaining piles) on both sides of the foundation pit.

[0046] The support beam has at least one layer. When more than one layer of support beam is provided, the support units 1 on the upper and lower support beams correspond one-to-one and are not misaligned, so that the circular hole formed by the two support units 1 is set coaxially at the top and bottom.

[0047] The support beam consists of several support units 1, which are arranged sequentially along the length of the foundation pit. The ends of the horizontal parts 2 of adjacent support units 1 are in close contact and connected by bolts.

[0048] Example 3

[0049] In another typical embodiment of the present invention, such as Figures 5-6 As shown, an underground building is proposed, in which the top or middle layer of the underground building is equipped with the support beam shown in Embodiment 1 along its length, and the support beam is fixedly connected to the main structure of the building.

[0050] Among them, the support beams installed on the top of the underground building can serve as skylights for the underground project; the support beams installed in the middle layer of the underground building can effectively resist horizontal forces, converting horizontal forces into axial pressure, giving full play to the compressive strength of the materials, reducing the thickness of the outer wall structure, and greatly reducing construction costs.

[0051] The support beam consists of several support units 1, which are arranged sequentially along the length of the underground structure. The ends of the horizontal parts 2 of adjacent support units 1 are in close contact and connected by bolts.

[0052] Example 4

[0053] In another typical embodiment of the present invention, a construction method for a support beam within a foundation pit is proposed, as follows:

[0054] After the foundation pit construction is completed, a support beam is installed on the top of the foundation pit so that the two sides of the support beam are engaged with the support structure of the foundation pit.

[0055] Specifically, the support units 1 are arranged sequentially along the length of the pit, and the first arches 3 of adjacent support units 1 are joined together to form a circular hole structure. The ends of the horizontal parts 2 of adjacent support units 1 are connected together using bolts.

[0056] When multiple support beams are provided, the support units 1 on the upper and lower support beams correspond one-to-one and are not misaligned, so that the circular hole formed by the two support units 1 is set coaxially at the top and bottom.

[0057] After the support beams are installed, construction inside the foundation pit is carried out. Once the construction inside the foundation pit is completed, the support beams are removed.

[0058] Example 5

[0059] In another typical embodiment of the present invention, a construction method for supporting beams in underground structures is proposed, as follows:

[0060] After the underground building is completed, support beams are installed on the top / middle layer of the underground building so that the two sides of the support beams are fixedly connected to the main structure of the underground building.

[0061] Specifically, the support units 1 are arranged sequentially along the length of the underground structure. The first arches 3 of adjacent support units 1 are joined together to form a circular hole structure. The ends of the horizontal parts 2 of adjacent support units 1 are connected together using bolts.

[0062] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A support beam, characterized in that, It consists of at least one support unit, which contains two symmetrically arranged horizontal portions. The ends of the two horizontal portions located on the same side are fixedly connected by a first arch, and the two first arches are fixedly connected to each other and to the adjacent horizontal portions by a second arch. The first arch is an arch structure, and the two first arches are arranged symmetrically. The arch tops of the two first arches on the same support unit are fixedly connected at the center of the support unit. The second arch protrudes in a direction away from the center of the support unit. The two ends of the second arch are fixedly connected to the first arches on both sides of it, and the top of the second arch is fixedly connected to the center of its adjacent horizontal part. The horizontal section bears the horizontal force and converts the horizontal force into axial pressure through the arch.

2. A support beam according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gap between the arch top connection of the two first arches and the horizontal parts on both sides is a gap, and the second arch is installed in the gap.

3. A support beam according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first arches of two adjacent support units are joined together to form a circular hole.

4. A foundation pit, characterized in that, The support beam as described in any one of claims 1-3 is used, and the support beam is snapped into the support structure on both sides of the foundation pit.

5. A foundation pit according to claim 4, characterized in that, The support beam has at least one layer, and the circular holes on the two adjacent layers of support beam are coaxially arranged.

6. An underground structure, characterized in that, The supporting beam used in any one of claims 1-3 is fixedly connected to the main building structure and is located at the top or middle level of the underground building.

7. A construction method for a support beam in a foundation pit using the support beam described in any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, Specifically, the following steps are taken: A support beam is installed at the top of the foundation pit, so that the two sides of the support beam are engaged with the support structure of the foundation pit, and the support units are arranged sequentially along the length of the foundation pit. The ends of the upper horizontal parts of adjacent support units are connected together using bolts. The supporting beams were removed after the construction inside the foundation pit was completed.

8. A construction method for a support beam in an underground building using the support beam described in any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, Specifically, support beams are installed at the top / middle level of the underground structure, so that the two sides of the support beams are fixedly connected to the main structure of the underground structure. The support units are arranged sequentially along the length of the underground structure, and the first arches of adjacent support units are joined together to form a circular hole structure.

Images