A floating wind turbine test site

Abstract

The present invention provides a floating wind turbine test site. N wind turbine mooring and anchoring systems are created in the test site. Each wind turbine mooring and anchoring system includes a wind turbine, a tower, a floating column, and an anchoring foundation. The anchoring foundation is connected to the floating column via a mooring cable. The tower is fixed on the floating column, and the wind turbine is fixed on the tower. At least one anchoring foundation is shared by two adjacent wind turbine mooring and anchoring systems. In this solution, a suitable wind turbine can be configured for each wind turbine mooring and anchoring system based on test requirements. Since multiple wind turbine mooring and anchoring systems are in the same external environment, the performance of various wind turbines and foundations can be compared under the same field and wind, wave and current conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of energy technology, and in particular to a floating wind turbine test field. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous advancement of new energy technologies, floating wind power technology has also developed rapidly. Unlike traditional fixed offshore wind power generation, "floating wind power generation" changes the fixed foundation to a floating foundation, allowing the wind turbine to "float" on the water. This new type of wind turbine will be able to work almost anywhere.

[0003] Floating wind power is in its early stages of development worldwide. Developers and research institutions are independently developing, testing, and operating their own products. As floating wind power systems are expensive, the healthy and orderly development of the entire industry chain requires scientific performance comparison and technical verification. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a test site that can meet the performance comparison requirements of various units and foundations under the same site, wind, wave, and current conditions. This is one of the technical issues that technicians in this field urgently need to solve. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, an embodiment of the present invention provides a floating wind turbine test site to provide a test venue capable of comparing the performance of various wind turbines and foundations under the same site and wind, wave and current conditions.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the embodiments of the present invention provide the following technical solutions:

[0006] A floating wind turbine test site, comprising:

[0007] N wind turbine mooring and anchoring systems, where N is a positive integer not less than 2;

[0008] The mooring and anchoring systems of two adjacent wind turbines share at least one anchoring foundation;

[0009] Each of the wind turbine mooring and anchoring systems comprises:

[0010] Wind turbines;

[0011] a tower, on which the wind turbine generator set is mounted;

[0012] a floating column, the tower being mounted on the floating column;

[0013] An anchoring foundation, wherein the anchoring foundation and the floating column are connected via a mooring cable.

[0014] Optionally, in the above-mentioned floating wind turbine test site,

[0015] The number of the floating columns is M, one of the M floating columns serves as a main column, and the other floating columns serve as auxiliary columns. The tower is mounted on the main column, and the auxiliary columns are rigidly connected to the main column. M is a positive integer not less than 1.

[0016] The number of the anchoring foundations is X, and the anchoring foundations are connected to the floating columns via mooring cables, where X is a positive integer not less than M.

[0017] Optionally, in the above-mentioned floating wind turbine test site,

[0018] The anchor foundation and the floating column are connected by a mooring cable;

[0019] Alternatively, the anchor foundation and the floating column are connected by two mooring cables;

[0020] Alternatively, the anchor foundation and the floating column are connected by three mooring cables.

[0021] Optionally, in the above-mentioned floating wind turbine test site,

[0022] The value of M is 3, that is, each wind turbine mooring and anchoring system has 3 floating columns, and the value of X is 3, that is, each floating column in each wind turbine mooring and anchoring system corresponds to an anchoring foundation.

[0023] Optionally, in the above-mentioned floating wind turbine test site,

[0024] The three floating columns are distributed in an equilateral triangle, and the three anchoring foundations are distributed in an equilateral triangle.

[0025] Optionally, in the above-mentioned floating wind turbine test site,

[0026] Each anchoring foundation is shared by three wind turbine mooring anchoring systems.

[0027] Optionally, the floating wind turbine test site further includes:

[0028] A buoyancy block is arranged on a mooring line connected to the anchor foundation.

[0029] Optionally, in the above-mentioned floating wind turbine test site,

[0030] The buoyancy blocks are evenly distributed on one end of the mooring line close to the anchoring foundation.

[0031] Optionally, in the above-mentioned floating wind turbine test site,

[0032] When the wind turbine is fixed in a single-point mooring manner, the free ends of the mooring cables connected to the anchoring foundations in the wind turbine mooring anchoring system are connected to a common connection point, and then the common connection point is connected to the floating column through another one or more mooring cables.

[0033] Optionally, in the above-mentioned floating wind turbine test site,

[0034] The length of the mooring cable connected between the common connection point and the floating column is less than the mooring radius of the wind turbine mooring and anchoring system.

[0035] Based on the above technical solution, the above solution provided by the embodiment of the present invention creates N wind turbine mooring and anchoring systems in the test field, each of the wind turbine mooring and anchoring systems includes a wind turbine, a tower, a floating column and an anchoring foundation, the anchoring foundation is connected to the floating column through a mooring cable, the tower is fixed on the floating column, the wind turbine is fixed on the tower, and at least one anchoring foundation is shared between two adjacent wind turbine mooring and anchoring systems. In this solution, a suitable wind turbine can be configured for each wind turbine mooring and anchoring system based on the test requirements. Since multiple wind turbine mooring and anchoring systems are in the same external environment, the performance of various types of wind turbines and foundations can be compared in the same field and under the same wind, wave and current conditions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without paying any creative work.

[0037] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of a wind turbine mooring and anchoring system disclosed in an embodiment of the present application;

[0038] Figure 2 This is a schematic structural diagram of a wind turbine mooring and anchoring system disclosed in another embodiment of the present application;

[0039] Figure 3 A top view of a wind turbine mooring and anchoring system disclosed in an embodiment of the present application;

[0040] Figure 4 This is the overall layout diagram of the floating wind turbine test site with a 3×2 mooring scheme disclosed in the embodiment of this application;

[0041] Figure 5 This is the overall layout diagram of the floating wind turbine test site of the 3×3 mooring scheme disclosed in the embodiment of this application;

[0042] Figure 6 This is an overall layout diagram of a floating wind turbine test site for a single-point mooring solution disclosed in an embodiment of the present application;

[0043] Figure 7 A schematic structural diagram of a wind turbine mooring and anchoring system for a single-point mooring solution disclosed in an embodiment of the present application;

[0044] Figure 8 This is a schematic structural diagram of a wind turbine mooring and anchoring system disclosed in another embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0046] In order to provide a test site that can meet the performance comparison of various wind turbines and foundations under the same field and wind, wave and current conditions, the present application provides a floating wind turbine test site. In the test site, multiple wind turbine mooring and anchoring systems are evenly arranged. Different wind turbine mooring and anchoring systems are configured with different wind turbines or foundations according to different test requirements, thereby realizing the performance comparison of various wind turbines and foundations under the same external conditions.

[0047] In this solution, the floating wind turbine test site may include N wind turbine mooring and anchoring systems, where N is a positive integer not less than 2, and the N wind turbine mooring and anchoring systems may be evenly distributed in the test site; see Figure 1 In this solution, each wind turbine mooring anchor system includes a wind turbine 1, a tower 2, a floating column 3 and an anchor foundation 5. In this solution, in order to reduce costs, two or more adjacent wind turbine mooring anchor systems can share one anchor foundation 5. The connection relationship between the wind turbine 1, the tower 2, the floating column 3 and the anchor foundation 5 can be specifically referred to. Figure 1 shown.

[0048] See also Figure 1 : Each wind turbine mooring anchoring system includes:

[0049] Wind turbine 1, the specifications and type of the wind turbine 1 can be selected according to user needs. For example, in this solution, the wind turbine 1 can be a 20MW unit, a 30MW unit, or a 40MW unit;

[0050] A tower 2, on which the wind turbine 1 is mounted. In this embodiment, the tower 2 is used to support the wind turbine 1;

[0051] Floating columns 3, the tower 2 is mounted on the floating columns 3. In this solution, the wind turbine mooring and anchoring system may have multiple floating columns 3, and the multiple floating columns 3 are rigidly connected. Under normal circumstances, the floating columns 3 float on the water surface. The floating columns 3 are used to provide an above-water platform for the wind turbine 1 and the tower 2 to prevent the tower 2 and the wind turbine 1 from falling into the water.

[0052] Anchor foundation 5, the anchor foundation 5 is fixed on the ground, and its position does not change. The anchor foundation 5 and the floating column 3 are connected by a mooring cable 4. The mooring cable 4 can be made of nylon or other flexible and corrosion-resistant materials. The anchor foundation 5 is connected to the floating column 3 through the mooring cable 4, and the floating column is pulled by the mooring cable 4. Under the action of the mooring cable 4, the position of the floating column 3 is stabilized, so that the floating column 3 can only move within the range allowed by the mooring cable 4.

[0053] In the above scheme, N wind turbine mooring and anchoring systems are created in the test field. Each wind turbine mooring and anchoring system includes a wind turbine 1, a tower 2, a floating column 3 and an anchoring foundation 5. The anchoring foundation 5 is connected to the floating column 3 through a mooring cable 4. The tower 2 is fixed on the floating column 3, and the wind turbine 1 is fixed on the tower 2. At least one anchoring foundation 5 is shared between two adjacent wind turbine mooring and anchoring systems. In this scheme, a suitable wind turbine 1 can be configured for each wind turbine mooring and anchoring system based on the test requirements. Since multiple wind turbine mooring and anchoring systems are in the same external environment, the performance of various wind turbines and foundations can be compared under the same field and wind, wave and current conditions.

[0054] In the above solution, at least one anchoring foundation 5 can be shared between two or three adjacent wind turbine mooring anchoring systems. The anchoring foundation 5 is a shared anchoring foundation, and the mooring point corresponding to the shared anchoring foundation can be recorded as a shared mooring point. Figure 2 and Figure 3 In the example, three adjacent wind turbine mooring and anchoring systems can share one anchoring foundation 5. In this solution, the mooring point on the shared anchoring foundation 5 serves as a shared mooring point, that is, the shared mooring point can be a mooring point on the shared anchoring foundation 5, and the floating columns in the three adjacent wind turbine mooring and anchoring systems are connected to the mooring point on the shared anchoring foundation through mooring cables.

[0055] exist Figure 2In the corresponding example, the shared mooring point is not a mooring point on the shared anchoring foundation 5. In this case, the shared mooring point is connected to the floating columns in the three adjacent wind turbine mooring and anchoring systems via mooring cables, and the shared mooring point is connected to the shared anchoring foundation via several other mooring cables. That is, the shared anchoring foundation 5 is first connected to the shared mooring point via mooring cables, and then the shared mooring point is connected to the floating columns via mooring cables. This design ensures that the overall movement direction of the floating columns in the adjacent wind turbine mooring and anchoring systems is consistent, thereby better preventing collisions between adjacent wind turbine mooring and anchoring systems.

[0056] In the technical solution disclosed in this embodiment, the number of floating columns 3 in each wind turbine mooring and anchoring system can be designed according to user needs. In this solution, the number of the floating columns 3 is M, one of the M floating columns 3 serves as a main column, and the other floating columns 3 serve as auxiliary columns. The tower 2 is installed on the main column, and the auxiliary columns are rigidly connected to the main column. M is a positive integer not less than 1. For example, in this solution, the value of M can be 3, that is, each wind turbine mooring and anchoring system can have 3 floating columns 3. For more details, see Figure 1 The three floating columns 3 can be arranged in an equilateral triangle on a horizontal plane. One of the three floating columns 3 serves as a main column, and the other two floating columns 3 serve as auxiliary columns. The three floating columns 3 are rigidly connected by connectors. These floating columns 3 enable the wind turbine 1 to float stably on the water surface. Of course, the value of M can also be 4, 5, or other numbers.

[0057] The anchoring foundation 5 is used to limit the movement range of the floating column 3 and the wind turbine 1. The anchoring foundation 5 can limit the movement of the floating column 3 and the wind turbine 1 to a small range. The number of anchoring foundations 5 in the wind turbine mooring and anchoring system can be designed according to user needs. The number of anchoring foundations 5 is X. The anchoring foundation 5 is connected to the floating column 3 by a mooring cable 4. X is a positive integer not less than M. In this solution, preferably, each floating column 3 corresponds to at least one anchoring foundation 5. The floating column 3 and the corresponding anchoring foundation 5 are connected by a mooring cable 4. More specifically, for example, Figure 1As shown, the value of M is 3, that is, each wind turbine mooring and anchoring system has three floating columns 3, and the value of X is 3, that is, each wind turbine mooring and anchoring system has three anchoring foundations 5, each floating column 3 corresponds to an anchoring foundation 5, and each anchoring foundation 5 is connected to its corresponding floating column 3 through a mooring cable 4. In order to minimize the movement range of the floating column 3 and the wind turbine 1 and prevent collisions between adjacent wind turbine mooring and anchoring systems, the three anchoring foundations 5 in each wind turbine mooring and anchoring system can be distributed in an equilateral triangle. In this solution, the wind turbine mooring and anchoring system is distributed in a matrix manner, as shown in FIG. Figure 4 、 Figure 5 or Figure 6 As shown, when the wind turbine mooring anchor system has three anchoring foundations 5 distributed in an equilateral triangle, each anchoring foundation 5 can be used as a shared anchoring foundation 5, thereby maximizing the utilization rate of the anchoring foundations 5. That is, each anchoring foundation 5 in the wind turbine mooring anchor system serves as a shared anchoring foundation 5. For example, wind turbine mooring anchor system A has three anchoring foundations a1, a2, and a3, wherein wind turbine mooring anchor systems B1 and B2 adjacent to wind turbine mooring anchor system A share anchoring foundation a1, wind turbine mooring anchor systems C1 and C2 adjacent to wind turbine mooring anchor system A share anchoring foundation a2, and wind turbine mooring anchor systems D1 and D2 adjacent to wind turbine mooring anchor system A share anchoring foundation a3.

[0058] In this solution, the number of mooring cables 4 between the anchor foundation 5 and the floating column 3 can be 1, 2 or 3. Figures 1 to 6 In the example, two or three mooring cables 4 may be provided between the anchor foundation 5 and the floating column 3, so that when one of the mooring cables 4 breaks accidentally, there are still remaining mooring cables 4 that can continue to maintain the position of the floating column 3.

[0059] Figure 4 In the designed solution, the floating column 3 is a 3×2 mooring solution. In this solution, the wind turbine mooring and anchoring system has three anchoring foundations 5, and each anchoring foundation 5 is connected to the floating column through two mooring cables 4.

[0060] Figure 5 In the designed solution, the floating column 3 is a 3×3 mooring solution. In this solution, the wind turbine mooring and anchoring system has three anchoring foundations 5 , and each anchoring foundation 5 is connected to the floating column via three mooring cables 4 .

[0061] Figure 6 and Figure 7In the design scheme, the floating column 3 is a single-point mooring scheme. The so-called single-point mooring means that the mooring cables 4 of each anchoring foundation 5 in the wind turbine mooring and anchoring system are first connected to a common connection point O, and the common connection point O is then connected to the floating column 3 through one or more mooring cables 4. At this time, in order to prevent the wind turbines 1 in different wind turbine mooring and anchoring systems from colliding, the length of the mooring cable 4 connected between the common connection point O and the floating column 3 is less than the radius of the circumscribed circle formed by each anchoring foundation 5 in the wind turbine mooring and anchoring system. The radius of the circumscribed circle is recorded as the mooring radius of the wind turbine mooring and anchoring system.

[0062] In this solution, when the mooring cable 4 is used to connect the anchor foundation 5 and the floating column 3, or when the mooring cable 4 is used to connect the anchor foundation 5 and the common connection point, under the action of gravity, the end of the mooring cable 4 close to the anchor foundation 5 will produce an anchor chain bottom section. The longer the anchor chain bottom section is, the greater the range of motion of the wind turbine 1 is. In order to reduce the range of motion of the wind turbine 1, the length of the anchor chain bottom section can be reduced. Figure 8 In this solution, a buoyancy 6 can be set on the mooring cable 4, and an upward traction force is applied to the anchor chain bottom section through the buoyancy block 6. Under the action of the traction force, the anchor chain bottom section is pulled upward, thereby shortening the total length of the anchor chain bottom section.

[0063] In this embodiment, the number of the buoyancy blocks 6 can be set according to user needs, and these buoyancy blocks 6 can be evenly distributed on the mooring line 4. Moreover, in this solution, in order to make the buoyancy blocks 6 more effectively lift the anchor chain lying on the bottom, in this solution, these buoyancy blocks 6 can be evenly distributed on one end of the mooring line 4 close to the anchor foundation 5. In this case, these buoyancy blocks 6 can more effectively lift the anchor chain lying on the bottom, and the buoyancy blocks can be spherical buoyancy blocks.

[0064] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referenced to each other.

[0065] The above description of the disclosed embodiments is intended to enable one skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to one skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments shown herein but is intended to conform to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A floating wind turbine test site, characterized in that: include: N wind turbine mooring and anchoring systems, where N is a positive integer not less than 2; The mooring and anchoring systems of two adjacent wind turbines share at least one anchoring foundation; Each of the wind turbine mooring and anchoring systems comprises: Wind turbines; a tower, on which the wind turbine generator set is mounted; a floating column, the tower being mounted on the floating column; An anchoring foundation, wherein the anchoring foundation and the floating column are connected via a mooring cable; It also includes: a buoyancy block arranged on a mooring line connected to the anchoring foundation, wherein the buoyancy blocks are evenly distributed on one end of the mooring line close to the anchoring foundation.

2. The floating wind turbine test field according to claim 1, characterized in that: include: The number of the floating columns is M, one of the M floating columns serves as a main column, and the other floating columns serve as auxiliary columns. The tower is mounted on the main column, and the auxiliary columns are rigidly connected to the main column. M is a positive integer not less than 1. The number of the anchoring foundations is X, and the anchoring foundations are connected to the floating columns via mooring cables, where X is a positive integer not less than M.

3. The floating wind turbine test field according to claim 1, characterized in that: include: The anchor foundation and the floating column are connected by a mooring cable; Alternatively, the anchor foundation and the floating column are connected by two mooring cables; Alternatively, the anchor foundation and the floating column are connected by three mooring cables.

4. The floating wind turbine test field according to claim 2, characterized in that: The value of M is 3, that is, each wind turbine mooring and anchoring system has 3 floating columns, and the value of X is 3, that is, each floating column in each wind turbine mooring and anchoring system corresponds to an anchoring foundation.

5. The floating wind turbine test field according to claim 4, characterized in that: The three floating columns are distributed in an equilateral triangle, and the three anchoring foundations are distributed in an equilateral triangle.

6. The floating wind turbine test field according to claim 4, characterized in that: Each anchoring foundation is shared by three wind turbine mooring anchoring systems.

7. The floating wind turbine test field according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the wind turbine is fixed in a single-point mooring manner, the free ends of the mooring cables connected to the anchoring foundations in the wind turbine mooring anchoring system are connected to a common connection point, and then the common connection point is connected to the floating column through another one or more mooring cables.

8. The floating wind turbine test field according to claim 1, characterized in that: The length of the mooring cable connected between the common connection point and the floating column is less than the mooring radius of the wind turbine mooring and anchoring system.

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