A throttling refrigerator and a throttling refrigeration detector capable of achieving rapid refrigeration

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of infrared detection, and specifically relates to a throttling refrigerator and a throttling refrigeration infrared detector capable of achieving rapid refrigeration. By adopting a two-stage refrigeration method of a precooling stage refrigerator and a refrigeration stage refrigerator, and connecting the gas after throttling of the refrigeration stage refrigerator to the external atmospheric environment, the pressure difference before and after throttling is increased, the throttling refrigeration effect is enhanced, the cooling rate of the detector is improved, and the imaging time of the detector is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of infrared detection, and specifically provides a throttle cooler and a throttle-cooled detector capable of achieving rapid cooling. Background Art

[0002] Infrared detectors are the core components of infrared technology and also the forerunners of the development of infrared technology. Infrared detectors have very wide applications in military and civilian fields such as missile guidance, space exploration, early warning satellites, and reconnaissance.

[0003] Traditional Stirling coolers are linear in shape and have the advantage of large cooling capacity, but they have complex structures, which are not conducive to the miniaturization and integration of detectors. Due to their large size, they are not suitable for handheld use, thus limiting their application scenarios.

[0004] In the field of small-scale cryogenics, throttle coolers have the characteristics of small size, compact structure, high reliability, and fast cooling rate, resulting in wide applications of throttle coolers in the infrared field. For example, weapons systems such as surface-to-air missiles with rapid startup usually use throttle-cooled detectors, such as the Stinger in the United States and the Igla in Russia. Throttle coolers are the best cooling method to enable detectors to quickly and accurately capture targets.

[0005] In the prior art, throttle coolers usually adopt a single-stage refrigeration method, resulting in a long cooling time. In addition, the pressure difference before and after the throttle element in the throttle cooler determines the quality of the refrigeration effect, and there is usually a certain gas accumulation at the back pressure of the existing throttle coolers, reducing the pressure difference before and after the throttle element and leading to an extended cooling time.

[0006] Therefore, there is a need for a solution to solve the problems in the prior art, improve the cooling rate of the throttle cooler, and shorten the imaging time of the infrared detector. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The present invention provides a throttle cooler and a throttle-cooled detector capable of achieving rapid cooling, which can at least solve some of the problems existing in the prior art.

[0008] To solve the above technical problems, according to one aspect of the present invention, the following technical solutions are provided:

[0009] A throttle cooler, wherein the throttle cooler includes a mandrel, a pre-cooling stage cooler, a refrigeration stage cooler, and a cold finger. The pre-cooling stage cooler includes a pre-cooling heat exchange tube, and the refrigeration stage cooler includes a refrigeration heat exchange tube. The pre-cooling heat exchange tube and the refrigeration heat exchange tube are arranged between the mandrel and the cold finger and are wound around the mandrel in parallel.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the throttling refrigerator according to the present invention, wherein: both the precooling heat exchange tube and the refrigeration heat exchange tube adopt a finned tube structure.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the throttling refrigerator according to the present invention, wherein: it further includes an inner cold finger located between the mandrel and the cold finger. The precooling heat exchange tube and the refrigeration heat exchange tube are located between the mandrel and the inner cold finger. The refrigeration stage refrigerator includes a second throttling element. The gap between the inner cold finger and the cold finger forms the return channel of the refrigeration stage refrigerator.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the throttling refrigerator according to the present invention, wherein: the return channel of the refrigeration stage refrigerator is communicated with the atmosphere.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the throttling refrigerator according to the present invention, wherein: the precooling stage refrigerator includes a first throttling element. The gap between the mandrel, the precooling heat exchange tube, the refrigeration heat exchange tube, and the inner cold finger forms the return channel of the precooling stage refrigerator.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the throttling refrigerator according to the present invention, wherein: the first throttling element is a throttling hole opened on the precooling heat exchange tube.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment of the throttling refrigerator according to the present invention, wherein: the second throttling element is a thin-walled metal shell structure, arranged at the top of the inner cold finger. The outlet end of the refrigeration heat exchange tube is communicated with the inside of the thin-walled metal shell structure. The thin-walled metal shell structure is provided with a throttling hole.

[0016] The throttling refrigerator further includes a bottom flange and an air inlet. The bottom flange is arranged below the mandrel. The air inlet is arranged on the bottom flange. The inlet ends of the precooling heat exchange tube and the refrigeration heat exchange tube are both communicated with the air inlet.

[0017] As a preferred embodiment of the throttling refrigerator according to the present invention, wherein: to solve the above technical problems, according to another aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0018] A throttling refrigeration detector capable of achieving rapid refrigeration, characterized in that it includes a Dewar and the throttling refrigerator according to any one of the above, and the throttling refrigerator is arranged in a conical structure in the Dewar.

[0019] As a preferred embodiment of the throttling refrigeration detector according to the present invention, wherein: a cold plate, a ceramic substrate, and a chip are sequentially arranged above the throttling refrigerator.

[0020] As a preferred embodiment of the throttling refrigeration detector according to the present invention, wherein: a window frame and a window pane are further arranged on the upper part of the Dewar.

[0021] As a preferred embodiment of the throttling refrigeration detector of the present invention, the following is provided: the dewar further includes a housing, and a ceramic lead ring is further disposed outside the housing.

[0022] As a preferred embodiment of the throttling refrigeration detector of the present invention, the following is provided: the dewar further includes a cold shield disposed below the window frame.

[0023] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0024] 1. The throttling refrigeration detector capable of achieving rapid refrigeration of the present invention adopts a two-stage refrigeration structure of a precooling stage refrigerator and a refrigeration stage refrigerator. The high-pressure gas source is divided into two paths and enters the precooling stage refrigerator and the refrigeration stage refrigerator respectively. The return gas of the precooling stage refrigerator precools the high-pressure gas in the heat exchange tube of the refrigeration stage refrigerator. The precooling stage refrigerator can shorten the refrigeration cycle time of the refrigeration stage refrigerator. Compared with the single-stage refrigeration structure in the prior art, the two-stage refrigeration structure can increase the cooling rate and reduce the imaging time of the infrared detector.

[0025] 2. In the throttling refrigeration detector capable of achieving rapid refrigeration of the present invention, the expansion chamber return channel of the refrigeration stage refrigerator is connected to the outside atmosphere, so that the pressure after throttling is always in a state close to the atmospheric pressure. The resistance in the return channel is small, thereby increasing the pressure difference before and after throttling, enhancing the efficiency of throttling refrigeration, and shortening the throttling cooling time. At the same time, the reduction of the back pressure is also beneficial to reducing the refrigeration temperature. The throttling refrigeration detector of the present invention has a short imaging time and can achieve imaging within the range of 5 - 15 s. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the following drawings are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings.

[0027] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the throttling refrigeration detector of the present invention.

[0028] Explanation of the reference numerals in the drawings:

[0029] 1 - bottom flange, 2 - air inlet, 3 - finned tube of the precooling stage refrigerator, 4 - finned tube of the refrigeration stage refrigerator, 5 - inner cold finger, 6 - cold finger, 7 - dewar housing, 8 - ceramic lead ring, 9 - window frame, 10 - window pane, 11 - cold plate, 12 - second throttling element, 13 - first throttling element, 14 - ceramic substrate, 15 - chip.

[0030] The realization, functional features, and advantages of the present invention will be further described in conjunction with embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings. Specific Embodiments

[0031] The technical solutions in the embodiments will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] It should be noted that if there are directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back...) involved in the embodiments of the present invention, the directional indications are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement conditions between components in a specific posture (as shown in the accompanying drawings). If the specific posture changes, the directional indications will also change accordingly.

[0033] In addition, if there are descriptions such as "first" and "second" involved in the embodiments of the present invention, the descriptions of "first" and "second" are only for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly indicating the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In addition, the technical solutions between various embodiments can be combined with each other, but it must be based on the fact that those of ordinary skill in the art can implement it. When the combination of technical solutions results in contradictions or cannot be implemented, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

[0034] The present invention provides a throttle refrigerator and a throttle refrigeration detector capable of achieving rapid refrigeration, which can improve the refrigeration efficiency of the throttle refrigerator, shorten the cooling time, and reduce the imaging time of the detector. The following will be combined with the attached Figure 1 A detailed description will be given of the structure of the throttle refrigeration infrared detector capable of achieving rapid refrigeration provided by the present invention.

[0035] Embodiment 1

[0036] Please refer to Figure 1 , the present invention provides a throttle refrigerator. The throttle refrigerator has a conical structure and includes a mandrel, a pre-cooling stage refrigerator, a refrigeration stage refrigerator, and a cold finger 6. The pre-cooling stage refrigerator includes a pre-cooling heat exchange tube, and the refrigeration stage refrigerator includes a refrigeration heat exchange tube. Both the pre-cooling heat exchange tube and the refrigeration heat exchange tube adopt a finned tube structure. The finned tube 3 of the pre-cooling stage refrigerator and the finned tube 4 of the refrigeration stage refrigerator are arranged between the mandrel and the cold finger 6 and are wound around the mandrel in parallel, specifically, the finned tube 3 of the pre-cooling stage refrigerator and the finned tube 4 of the refrigeration stage refrigerator are arranged on the mandrel in a parallel or stratified winding manner up and down.

[0037] The throttling refrigerator further includes a bottom flange 1 and an air inlet 2. The bottom flange 1 is arranged below the mandrel, and the air inlet 2 is arranged on the bottom flange 1. The air inlet 2 is communicated with an external high-pressure gas source. The air inlet ends of the pre-cooling stage refrigerator and the refrigeration stage heat exchanger are both connected to the air inlet. After passing through the air inlet 2, the high-pressure gas is divided into two paths and enters the finned tubes 3 of the pre-cooling stage refrigerator and the finned tubes 4 of the refrigeration stage refrigerator respectively.

[0038] Embodiment 2

[0039] Please refer to Figure 1 As shown in the figure, the present invention provides a throttling refrigerator. The throttling refrigerator has a conical structure and includes a mandrel, a pre-cooling stage refrigerator, a refrigeration stage refrigerator, an internal cold finger 5 and a cold finger 6. The internal cold finger 5 is located between the mandrel and the cold finger 6. The pre-cooling stage refrigerator includes a pre-cooling heat exchange tube, and the refrigeration stage refrigerator includes a refrigeration heat exchange tube. Both the pre-cooling heat exchange tube and the refrigeration heat exchange tube adopt a finned tube structure. The finned tubes 3 of the pre-cooling stage refrigerator and the finned tubes 4 of the refrigeration stage refrigerator are arranged between the mandrel and the cold finger 6, and the finned tubes 3 of the pre-cooling stage refrigerator and the finned tubes 4 of the refrigeration stage refrigerator are arranged on the mandrel in a parallel or layered winding manner up and down.

[0040] The throttling refrigerator further includes a bottom flange 1 and an air inlet 2. The bottom flange 1 is arranged below the mandrel, and the air inlet 2 is arranged on the bottom flange 1. The air inlet 2 is communicated with an external high-pressure gas source. The air inlet ends of the pre-cooling stage refrigerator and the refrigeration stage heat exchanger are both connected to the air inlet. After passing through the air inlet 2, the high-pressure gas is divided into two paths and enters the finned tubes 3 of the pre-cooling stage refrigerator and the finned tubes 4 of the refrigeration stage refrigerator respectively.

[0041] A first throttling element 13 is arranged on the pre-cooling stage refrigerator. The first throttling element 13 is a throttling hole opened on the pre-cooling heat exchange tube. The gaps between the mandrel, the pre-cooling heat exchange tube, the refrigeration heat exchange tube and the internal cold finger 5 form the return channel of the pre-cooling stage refrigerator. The high-pressure gas enters the finned tube heat exchanger of the pre-cooling stage refrigerator, and after passing through the first throttling element 13, cold fluid is generated, and the cold fluid returns through the return channel of the pre-cooling stage refrigerator.

[0042] A second throttling element 12 is arranged on the refrigeration stage refrigerator. The second throttling element 12 has a thin-walled metal shell structure and is arranged at the top of the internal cold finger 5. The gas outlet end of the refrigeration heat exchanger is communicated with the inside of the thin-walled metal shell structure, and a throttling hole is opened on the thin-walled metal shell structure. The gap between the internal cold finger 5 and the cold finger 6 forms the return channel of the refrigeration stage refrigerator, and the return channel of the refrigeration stage refrigerator is communicated with the atmosphere. The high-pressure gas enters the finned tube heat exchanger of the refrigeration stage refrigerator, and after passing through the second throttling element 12, cold fluid is generated, and the cold fluid enters the atmosphere through the return channel of the refrigeration stage refrigerator.

[0043] Both the first throttling element 13 and the second throttling element 12 are in the form of orifices. The orifice of the first throttling element 13 of the precooling stage refrigerator is close to the second throttling element 12 of the refrigeration stage refrigerator. The second throttling element 12 is of a thin-walled metal shell structure and is arranged at the top of the conical structure of the throttling refrigerator and is fixedly connected to the inner cold finger 5 by welding.

[0044] Embodiment 3

[0045] Please refer to Figure 1 , the present invention provides a throttling refrigeration detector based on the above throttling refrigerator. The throttling refrigeration detector includes a dewar and a throttling refrigerator, and the throttling refrigerator is arranged in the dewar in a conical structure.

[0046] The throttling refrigerator includes a core shaft, a precooling stage refrigerator, a refrigeration stage refrigerator, an inner cold finger 5 and a cold finger 6, and the inner cold finger 5 is located between the core shaft and the cold finger 6. The precooling stage refrigerator includes a precooling heat exchange tube, and the refrigeration stage refrigerator includes a refrigeration heat exchange tube. Both the precooling heat exchange tube and the refrigeration heat exchange tube adopt a finned tube structure. The finned tube 3 of the precooling stage refrigerator and the finned tube 4 of the refrigeration stage refrigerator are arranged between the core shaft and the cold finger 6, and the finned tube 3 of the precooling stage refrigerator and the finned tube 4 of the refrigeration stage refrigerator are arranged on the core shaft in a parallel or layered winding manner up and down.

[0047] The throttling refrigerator further includes a bottom flange 1 and an air inlet 2. The bottom flange 1 is arranged below the core shaft, the air inlet 2 is arranged on the bottom flange 1, the air inlet 2 is communicated with an external high-pressure gas source, and the air inlet ends of the precooling stage refrigerator and the refrigeration stage heat exchanger are both connected to the air inlet 2. The high-pressure gas is divided into two paths after passing through the air inlet 2 and enters the finned tube 3 of the precooling stage refrigerator and the finned tube 4 of the refrigeration stage refrigerator respectively.

[0048] A first throttling element 13 is arranged on the precooling stage refrigerator. The first throttling element 13 is a throttling orifice opened on the precooling heat exchange tube. The gap between the core shaft, the precooling heat exchange tube, the refrigeration heat exchange tube and the inner cold finger 5 constitutes the return channel of the precooling stage refrigerator. The high-pressure gas enters the finned tube heat exchanger of the precooling stage refrigerator, generates cold fluid after passing through the first throttling element 13, and the cold fluid returns through the return channel of the precooling stage refrigerator.

[0049] The dewar includes a dewar outer shell 7. A ceramic lead ring 8 is arranged on the outer side of the dewar outer shell 7. A cold plate 11 and a chip 15 are arranged above the throttling refrigerator. The chip 15 is arranged above the cold plate 11, and a ceramic substrate 14 is arranged between the cold plate 11 and the chip 15. A window frame 9 and a window piece 10 are further arranged on the upper part of the dewar for the staff to observe. A cold shield is also arranged below the window frame 9.

[0050] Embodiment 4

[0051] Please refer to Figure 1, the present invention provides a throttling refrigeration detector based on the above throttling refrigerator. The throttling refrigeration detector includes a dewar and a throttling refrigerator, and the throttling refrigerator is arranged in the dewar in a conical structure.

[0052] The throttling refrigerator includes a core shaft, a pre-cooling stage refrigerator, a refrigeration stage refrigerator, an inner cold finger 5 and a cold finger 6, and the inner cold finger 5 is located between the core shaft and the cold finger 6. The pre-cooling stage refrigerator includes a pre-cooling heat exchange tube, and the refrigeration stage refrigerator includes a refrigeration heat exchange tube. Both the pre-cooling heat exchange tube and the refrigeration heat exchange tube adopt a finned tube structure. The finned tube 3 of the pre-cooling stage refrigerator and the finned tube 4 of the refrigeration stage refrigerator are arranged between the core shaft and the cold finger 6, and the finned tube 3 of the pre-cooling stage refrigerator and the finned tube 4 of the refrigeration stage refrigerator are arranged on the core shaft in a parallel or layered winding manner up and down.

[0053] The throttling refrigerator further includes a bottom flange 1 and an air inlet 2. The bottom flange 1 is arranged below the core shaft, the air inlet 2 is arranged on the bottom flange 1, the air inlet 2 is communicated with an external high-pressure gas source, and the air inlet ends of the pre-cooling stage refrigerator and the refrigeration stage heat exchanger are both connected to the air inlet. The high-pressure gas is divided into two paths after passing through the air inlet 2 and enters the finned tube 3 of the pre-cooling stage refrigerator and the finned tube 4 of the refrigeration stage refrigerator respectively.

[0054] A first throttling element 13 is arranged on the pre-cooling stage refrigerator. The first throttling element 13 is a throttling hole opened on the pre-cooling heat exchange tube. The gaps between the core shaft, the pre-cooling heat exchange tube, the refrigeration heat exchange tube and the inner cold finger 5 form the return channel of the pre-cooling stage refrigerator. The high-pressure gas enters the finned tube heat exchanger of the pre-cooling stage refrigerator, generates cold fluid after passing through the first throttling element 13, and the cold fluid returns through the return channel of the pre-cooling stage refrigerator.

[0055] A second throttling element 12 is arranged on the refrigeration stage refrigerator. The second throttling element 12 is a thin-walled metal shell structure and is arranged at the top of the inner cold finger 5. The air outlet end of the refrigeration heat exchanger is communicated with the inside of the thin-walled metal shell structure, and a throttling hole is opened on the thin-walled metal shell structure. The gap between the inner cold finger 5 and the cold finger 6 forms the return channel of the refrigeration stage refrigerator, and the return channel of the refrigeration stage refrigerator is communicated with the atmosphere. The high-pressure gas enters the finned tube heat exchanger of the refrigeration stage refrigerator, generates cold fluid after passing through the second throttling element 12, and the cold fluid enters the atmosphere through the return channel of the refrigeration stage refrigerator.

[0056] The dewar includes a dewar outer shell 7. A ceramic lead ring 8 is arranged on the outer side of the dewar outer shell 7. A cold plate 11 and a chip 15 are arranged above the throttling refrigerator. The chip 15 is arranged above the cold plate 11, and a ceramic substrate 14 is arranged between the cold plate 11 and the chip 15. A window frame 9 and a window pane 10 are further arranged on the upper part of the dewar for the staff to observe, and a cold shield is also arranged below the window frame 9.

[0057] The specific working mode and working principle of a throttling refrigerator and a throttling refrigeration detector capable of achieving rapid refrigeration provided by the present invention are as follows: The throttling refrigerator adopts a conical structure, and the throttling refrigerator realizes refrigeration through components such as a heat exchange structure and a throttling orifice. Through thermodynamic processes such as heat exchange and throttling, cooling liquid is generated at the cold plate of the dewar, taking away the surrounding heat, thereby realizing the cooling of components such as chips, circuits, and cold shields.

[0058] A throttling refrigeration detector capable of achieving rapid refrigeration provided by the present invention adopts a two-stage refrigeration structure including a precooling stage refrigerator and a refrigeration stage refrigerator. The external high-pressure gas source is divided into two paths and enters the precooling stage refrigerator and the refrigeration stage refrigerator respectively. A part of the high-pressure gas passes through the finned tube heat exchanger of the precooling stage refrigerator, and then enters the throttling element of the precooling stage refrigerator, generating a cooling fluid to cool the throttling element of the refrigeration stage refrigerator. This cooling fluid can also flow back through the return channel of the precooling stage refrigerator formed by the gaps between the finned tubes of the precooling stage refrigerator, the finned tubes of the refrigeration stage refrigerator, the mandrel, and the inner cold finger, and exchanges heat with the high-pressure gas in the finned tubes of the precooling stage refrigerator and the finned tubes of the refrigeration stage refrigerator. Another part of the high-pressure gas passes through the finned tube heat exchanger of the refrigeration stage refrigerator, and then passes through the throttling element of the refrigeration stage refrigerator, generating a cooling fluid in the expansion chamber formed between the throttling element and the cold plate. This cooling fluid is connected to the external atmospheric environment through the return channel formed by the inner cold finger and the cold finger. By setting the return channel of the refrigeration stage cooler to communicate with the atmosphere, the back pressure is always relatively low during the entire refrigeration process, and the flow resistance in the return channel is small, which can increase the pressure difference before and after throttling and enhance the throttling refrigeration effect. In this way, the cycle repeats until the nitrogen refrigeration working fluid in the expansion chamber is liquefied to reach a refrigeration temperature range of 80K. The cooled working fluid conducts convective heat exchange with the cold plate of the dewar, thereby cooling optoelectronic components such as ceramic substrates, chips, and cold shields.

[0059] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the patent scope of the present invention accordingly. Any equivalent structural transformation made using the content of the specification of the present invention under the inventive concept of the present invention, or direct / indirect application in other related technical fields, is included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A throttling refrigerator, characterized in that: The throttle cooler includes a mandrel, a precooling stage cooler, a refrigeration stage cooler, and a cold finger (6). The precooling stage cooler includes a precooling heat exchange tube, and the refrigeration stage cooler includes a refrigeration heat exchange tube. The precooling heat exchange tube and the refrigeration heat exchange tube are arranged between the mandrel and the cold finger (6) and are wound around the mandrel in parallel; It further includes an inner cold finger (5) between the mandrel and the cold finger (6). The precooling heat exchange tube and the refrigeration heat exchange tube are located between the mandrel and the inner cold finger (5). The refrigeration stage cooler includes a second throttling element (12). The gap between the inner cold finger (5) and the cold finger (6) forms the return channel of the refrigeration stage cooler; The precooling stage cooler includes a first throttling element (13). The gap between the mandrel, the precooling heat exchange tube, the refrigeration heat exchange tube, and the inner cold finger (5) forms the return channel of the precooling stage cooler.

2. The throttling refrigerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both the precooling heat exchange tube and the refrigeration heat exchange tube adopt a finned tube structure.

3. The throttling refrigerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The return channel of the refrigeration stage cooler is communicated with the atmosphere.

4. The throttling refrigerator according to claim 1, wherein: The first throttling element (13) is a throttling hole opened on the precooling heat exchange tube.

5. The throttling refrigerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second throttling element (12) is of a thin-walled metal shell structure and is arranged at the top of the inner cold finger (5). The gas outlet end of the refrigeration heat exchange tube is communicated with the inside of the thin-walled metal shell structure, and a throttling hole is opened on the thin-walled metal shell structure.

6. The throttling refrigerator according to claim 1, wherein: The throttle cooler further includes a bottom flange (1) and an air inlet (2). The bottom flange (1) is arranged below the mandrel, and the air inlet (2) is arranged on the bottom flange (1). The air inlet ends of the precooling heat exchange tube and the refrigeration heat exchange tube are both communicated with the air inlet (2).

7. A throttling refrigeration detector capable of achieving rapid refrigeration, characterized in that, It includes a Dewar and the throttle cooler according to any one of claims 1-6. The throttle cooler is arranged in the Dewar in a conical structure.

8. The throttling refrigeration detector according to claim 7, wherein A cold plate (11), a ceramic substrate (14), and a chip (15) are sequentially arranged above the throttle cooler.

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