Large-diameter thick steel shell manufacturing apparatus

Abstract

The application discloses a large-diameter thick steel shell manufacturing device, which comprises a lower cylinder, an upper cylinder arranged above the lower cylinder, and a first guide limiting mechanism arranged on the lower cylinder, wherein the first guide limiting mechanism is used for guiding and limiting the upper cylinder from the periphery of the upper opening of the lower cylinder, and the upper cylinder is limited within the peripheral area defined by the first guide limiting mechanism. In the application, the first guide limiting mechanism is used for guiding and limiting the upper cylinder, so that swinging, displacement and rotation of the upper cylinder during falling are avoided, the upper cylinder and the lower cylinder are accurately positioned, and the hoisting and positioning quality of the upper cylinder is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of mechanical manufacturing technology, specifically relating to a large-diameter thick steel shell device. Background Technology

[0002] Against the backdrop of "dual carbon" (carbon dioxide, carbon emissions, and carbon sequestration), nuclear power generation has become the main force in implementing carbon emission reduction in the energy sector. Adhering to the concept of actively, safely, and orderly developing nuclear power is an important direction for building high-quality nuclear power plants.

[0003] Nuclear power plants are typically enclosed by a steel containment vessel, which can weigh hundreds of tons. Considering its massive size, the steel containment vessel is divided into four parts: the bottom head, the lower cylinder, the upper cylinder, and the top head. It is installed in sections (section welding, hoisting, and welded assembly). Due to its large diameter and thickness, the assembly of these steel sections presents several challenges, including large in-plane angular deviations at the joints, lengthy hoisting angle adjustments, significant misalignment due to deformation during assembly and hoisting, and difficulties in achieving full penetration in the welding process of the thick containment vessel. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to address the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art by providing a large-diameter thick steel shell device, which solves the problem of large in-plane angular deviation at the connection between two sections during the assembly process of segmented steel shells.

[0005] The technical solution adopted to solve the technical problem of the present invention is to provide a large-diameter thick steel shell device, including: a lower cylinder, an upper cylinder disposed above the lower cylinder, and a first guide limiting mechanism disposed on the lower cylinder. The first guide limiting mechanism is used to guide and limit the upper cylinder from the periphery of the upper opening of the lower cylinder, and to limit the upper cylinder within the periphery area defined by the first guide limiting mechanism.

[0006] Preferably, the first guide limiting mechanism includes: a first guide portion and a second guide portion connected to the first guide portion. The first guide portion is disposed on the outer wall of the upper opening of the lower cylinder, and the second guide portion extends obliquely upward toward the periphery of the upper opening of the lower cylinder.

[0007] Preferably, the large-diameter thick steel shell device further includes: a lifting lug disposed on the upper cylinder, a traction rope passing through the lifting lug, and the lower opening of the upper cylinder being connected to the upper opening of the lower cylinder via the traction rope.

[0008] Preferably, there are four lifting lugs, which are evenly distributed radially on the outer wall of the upper cylinder.

[0009] Preferably, the large-diameter thick steel shell device further includes: a second guide limiting mechanism disposed on the lower cylinder, the second guide limiting mechanism being used to limit the alignment of the lower opening wall of the upper cylinder with the upper opening wall of the lower cylinder.

[0010] Preferably, the second guide limiting mechanism includes: a third guide portion disposed on the inner wall of the upper opening of the lower cylinder and a fourth guide portion disposed on the outer wall of the upper opening of the lower cylinder. The top of the cylinder wall of the upper opening of the lower cylinder is lower than the top of the third guide portion and the top of the fourth guide portion, respectively. The cylinder wall of the upper opening of the lower cylinder is sandwiched between the third guide portion and the fourth guide portion and forms a gap above the cylinder wall of the upper opening of the lower cylinder. The width of the upper opening of the gap is greater than the thickness of the cylinder wall of the upper opening of the lower cylinder within the gap.

[0011] Preferably, the third guide section and the fourth guide section are symmetrically arranged on the inner and outer sides of the upper opening of the lower cylinder.

[0012] Preferably, the large-diameter thick steel shell device further includes: a third guide limiting mechanism for circumferential positioning, the third guide limiting mechanism being used to limit the upper cylinder along the circumferential direction of the upper opening of the lower cylinder.

[0013] Preferably, the third guide limiting mechanism includes: an insert plate disposed on the upper cylinder and a fifth guide portion disposed on the lower cylinder for guiding and limiting, the fifth guide portion having a groove for accommodating the inserted insert plate.

[0014] Preferably, the groove includes: a positioning cavity and a guide cavity disposed at the top of the positioning cavity. The positioning cavity and the guide cavity are connected. The inner wall of the positioning cavity fits against the outer wall of the inserted plate. The width of the opening end of the guide cavity is greater than the width of the other end of the guide cavity connected to the positioning cavity. The plate is inserted into the positioning cavity through the guide cavity.

[0015] Preferably, the large-diameter thick steel shell device further includes: an insert plate disposed on the upper cylinder and a third guide limiting mechanism disposed on the lower cylinder for guiding and limiting, wherein the third guide limiting mechanism is provided with a groove for accommodating the inserted insert plate.

[0016] Preferably, the groove includes: a positioning part and a guide part disposed on the top of the positioning part. The positioning part and the guide part are connected. The inner wall of the positioning part fits against the outer wall of the inserted plate. The width of the opening end of the guide part is greater than the width of the other end of the guide part connected to the positioning part. The plate is inserted into the positioning part through the guide part.

[0017] Preferably, the large-diameter thick steel shell device further includes: a gasket disposed above the upper opening of the lower cylinder wall, the gasket being used to form a welding gap after the lower opening of the upper cylinder and the upper opening of the lower cylinder are joined.

[0018] Preferably, the gasket includes: a covering portion and overlapping portions distributed and connected to both sides of the covering portion, the covering portion covering the upper opening of the lower cylinder wall, and the overlapping portions overlapping the upper opening of the lower cylinder wall on both sides.

[0019] Preferably, the large-diameter thick steel shell device further includes: a deformation misalignment adjustment mechanism, which is connected to the upper cylinder and the lower cylinder respectively. The deformation misalignment adjustment mechanism is used to adjust the misalignment or hoisting deformation that occurs after the lower opening of the upper cylinder is connected to the upper opening of the lower cylinder.

[0020] Preferably, the deformation misalignment adjustment mechanism includes:

[0021] The first deformation and misalignment adjustment mechanism includes: a gantry clamp, a first connector, a second connector, a first connecting pin, a second connecting pin, a first latch, and a second latch. The gantry clamp includes: a gantry clamp body, a first gantry base, and a second gantry base respectively disposed at both ends of the gantry clamp body. The first connector is disposed on the outer wall of the lower opening of the upper cylinder, and the second connector is disposed on the outer wall of the upper opening of the lower cylinder. The first gantry base and the first connector are connected by the first connecting pin, and the bottom of the first gantry base contacts the outer wall of the upper cylinder. Next, the bottom of the first gantry base has an open first misalignment adjustment hole facing the outer wall of the upper cylinder. Deformation and misalignment adjustment are achieved by inserting a first pin into the first misalignment adjustment hole. The second gantry base is connected to the second connecting piece via a second connecting pin. The bottom of the second gantry base is in contact with the outer wall of the lower cylinder. The bottom of the second gantry base has an open second misalignment adjustment hole facing the outer wall of the lower cylinder. Deformation and misalignment adjustment are achieved by inserting a second pin into the second misalignment adjustment hole; and / or,

[0022] The second deformation misalignment adjustment mechanism includes: a third connector and a jack. The third connector is connected to the upper cylinder and also to the jack. The jack is in contact with the lower cylinder. By squeezing the lower cylinder with the jack, the mechanism adjusts the misalignment or hoisting deformation that exceeds the preset degree after the lower opening of the upper cylinder and the upper opening of the lower cylinder are connected.

[0023] Preferably, the first gantry base includes a first gantry base body and a first misalignment adjustment groove. The bottom of the first gantry base body and the open end of the first misalignment adjustment groove are connected to form a first through hole. A second through hole is provided on the first connector. A first connecting pin passes through both the first through hole and the second through hole to pin the first gantry base to the first connector.

[0024] Preferably, the second gantry base includes a second gantry base body and a second misaligned adjustment groove. The bottom of the second gantry base body and the open end of the second misaligned adjustment groove are connected to form a third through hole. A fourth through hole is provided on the second connector. The second connecting pin passes through both the third through hole and the fourth through hole to pin the second gantry base to the second connector.

[0025] The installation method of the upper and lower cylinders of the large-diameter thick steel shell device in this embodiment includes the following steps:

[0026] (1) Fix the lower cylinder so that the opening of the lower cylinder faces upward. Mark the angles at 0°, 90°, 180° and 270° along the openings of the upper and lower cylinders respectively. Set four lifting lugs evenly 50mm from the bottom opening of the upper cylinder. Install traction ropes on the lifting lugs and lift the upper cylinder with slings. When the upper cylinder is lowered to a height of 1m from the installation position, it enters the positioning stage. Adjust the azimuth angle of the upper cylinder with the four traction ropes so that the angle marking lines of the upper and lower cylinders are aligned vertically.

[0027] (2) Four first-level radial guide limiting mechanisms are symmetrically and evenly distributed along the edge of the cylinder on the outer wall of the upper opening of the lower cylinder to limit the swing and planar displacement of the upper cylinder. The first guide limiting mechanism is composed of an H-beam cut from the middle along the web or steel plates spliced ​​together. The upper part of the first guide limiting mechanism is bent outward at an angle of about 40°, and the lower part is welded to the lower cylinder. The upper cylinder first enters the first guide limiting mechanism 4.

[0028] (3) Twenty-four secondary radial second guide limiting mechanisms are symmetrically and evenly distributed along the edge of the cylinder on the outer wall of the upper opening of the lower cylinder to restrict the swing and planar displacement of the upper cylinder. The second guide limiting mechanism is cut from a steel plate with a thickness of h and is trapezoidal in shape. Two trapezoidal steel plates form a second guide limiting mechanism, which is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the cylinder wall of the upper opening of the lower cylinder. The short side is welded to the edge of the lower cylinder, and the inclined side of the trapezoid faces upward. The upper cylinder enters the second guide limiting mechanism after entering the first guide limiting mechanism. The number of second guide limiting mechanisms can be set according to the requirements, or it can be set to 36.

[0029] (4) Two sets of third guide limiting mechanisms are set at 0° and 180° along the radial direction of the upper cylinder and the lower cylinder, respectively, to guide along the circumference of the cylinder. These two sets of third guide limiting mechanisms are symmetrically set along the upper cylinder and the lower cylinder to ensure that the upper cylinder is not subjected to large-scale rotation by wind or mechanical force during the falling process.

[0030] The third guide and limiting mechanism is made from the steel shell scrap. The third guide and limiting mechanism is a double trapezoidal structure. The hypotenuses of the trapezoids are both upward. The two short sides of the trapezoids, which are perpendicular to the circular steel shell, are located on the inner side and play a radial guiding role. The two short sides of the trapezoids, which are parallel to the tangent of the steel shell, are opposite each other with a gap in the middle. The insert plate of the upper cylinder is a trapezoidal steel plate. The trapezoidal steel plate is inserted into the gap in the middle and plays a circumferential guiding and limiting role.

[0031] (5) Groove-shaped gaskets are evenly distributed along the circumference of the lower cylinder at the upper edge. The gaskets are cut from steel plates of thickness t. By setting the gaskets, the gap between the weld seams is controlled at 0-5mm to meet the requirements of the subsequent welding process.

[0032] (6) After the upper cylinder is hoisted into place, the misalignment is checked in two directions, 0°→180° and 360°→180° respectively. If the misalignment does not meet the technical requirements, the misalignment and hoisting deformation are adjusted by using the gantry clamp and the third connector set on the shell for deformation and misalignment adjustment. After the upper cylinder is hoisted into place, the first pin and the second pin are connected to the first misalignment adjustment hole and the second misalignment adjustment hole on both sides of the weld, respectively. The misalignment is adjusted by inserting pins at different parts of the gantry clamp. When the misalignment is too large to adjust, it can be adjusted by using jacks and the third connector. A deformation and misalignment adjustment mechanism is set up to correct the deformation deviation of the upper cylinder and the lower cylinder.

[0033] The specifications and quantity of the first guide limit mechanism, the second guide limit mechanism, the third guide limit mechanism, and the deformation misalignment adjustment mechanism need to be set according to the steel shell diameter, steel plate thickness, and measurement results.

[0034] The large-diameter thick steel shell device of the present invention guides and limits the upper cylinder through the first guide limiting mechanism, which avoids the upper cylinder from swinging, shifting and rotating during the falling process, ensuring that the upper cylinder and the lower cylinder are accurately positioned, and ensuring the quality of hoisting and positioning of the upper cylinder. Attached Figure Description

[0035] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the upper cylinder in place in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 2 This is a radial cross-sectional view of the upper cylinder in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the traction rope arrangement in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 4 This is a radial cross-sectional view of the upper cylinder and lifting lugs in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the first guide and limiting mechanism in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 6 This is a side view of the first guide and limit mechanism;

[0041] Figure 7 This is a top view of the second guide limiting mechanism in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 8 This is the front view of the second guide limit mechanism;

[0043] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the third guide limiting mechanism in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 10 This is a side view of the third guide limiting mechanism in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the grooved gasket in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 12 This is a side view of a grooved gasket;

[0047] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the first deformation misalignment adjustment mechanism in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 14 This is a side view of the first deformation misalignment adjustment mechanism;

[0049] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the second deformation misalignment adjustment mechanism in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 16 This is a side view of the second deformation misalignment adjustment mechanism.

[0051] In the diagram: 1-Upper cylinder; 2-Lower cylinder; 3-Lifting sling; 4-First guide limiting mechanism; 5-First guide part; 6-Second guide part; 7-Lifting lug; 8-Traction rope; 9-Second guide limiting mechanism; 10-Third guide part; 11-Fourth guide part; 12-Cylinder wall with upper opening of the lower cylinder; 13-Gap; 14-Third guide limiting mechanism; 15-Insertion plate; 16-Fifth guide part; 17-Groove; 18-Positioning cavity; 19-Guide cavity; 20-Gasket; 21-Covering part; 22-Overlapping part; 23-Gantry clamp body; 24- 25-Second gantry base; 26-First connector; 27-Second connector; 28-First connecting pin; 29-First misalignment adjustment hole; 30-Second connecting pin; 31-Second misalignment adjustment hole; 32-Third connector; 33-Jack; 34-First gantry base body; 35-First misalignment adjustment groove; 36-First through hole; 37-Second through hole; 38-Second gantry base body; 39-Second misalignment adjustment groove; 40-Third through hole; 41-Fourth through hole; 42-First pin; 43-Second pin; 44-Gantry clamp. Detailed Implementation

[0052] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0053] The embodiments of this patent are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain this patent, and should not be construed as limiting this patent.

[0054] Example 1

[0055] This embodiment provides a large-diameter thick steel shell device, including: a lower cylinder, an upper cylinder disposed above the lower cylinder, and a first guide limiting mechanism disposed on the lower cylinder. The first guide limiting mechanism is used to guide and limit the upper cylinder from the periphery of the upper opening of the lower cylinder, limiting the upper cylinder within the periphery area defined by the first guide limiting mechanism.

[0056] In this embodiment, the large-diameter thick steel shell device guides and limits the upper cylinder through the first guide limiting mechanism, which prevents the upper cylinder from swinging, shifting and rotating during the descent, ensuring that the upper and lower cylinders are accurately positioned and guaranteeing the quality of the hoisting and positioning of the upper cylinder.

[0057] Example 2

[0058] like Figures 1-16As shown, this embodiment provides a large-diameter thick steel shell device, including: a lower cylinder 2, an upper cylinder 1 disposed above the lower cylinder 2, and a first guide limiting mechanism 4 disposed on the lower cylinder 2. The first guide limiting mechanism 4 is used to guide and limit the upper cylinder 1 from the periphery of the upper opening of the lower cylinder 2, and limit the upper cylinder 1 within the periphery area defined by the first guide limiting mechanism 4.

[0059] Specifically, the large-diameter thick steel shell device in this embodiment also includes a top end cap and a bottom end cap. The top end cap is located on the upper part of the upper cylinder 1, and the bottom end cap is located on the lower part of the lower cylinder 2.

[0060] like Figure 5 , 6 As shown, preferably, the first guide limiting mechanism 4 includes: a first guide portion 5 and a second guide portion 6 connected to the first guide portion 5. The first guide portion 5 is disposed on the outer wall of the upper opening of the lower cylinder 2, and the second guide portion 6 extends obliquely upward toward the periphery of the upper opening of the lower cylinder 2.

[0061] The radius of the steel shell of the large-diameter, thick-walled steel device is R.

[0062] like Figure 3 , 4 As shown, preferably, the large-diameter thick steel shell device further includes: a lifting lug 7 disposed on the upper cylinder 1, a traction rope 8 passing through the lifting lug 7, and the lower opening of the upper cylinder 1 being connected to the upper opening of the lower cylinder 2 by the traction rope 8.

[0063] Preferably, there are four lifting lugs 7, which are radially evenly distributed on the outer wall of the upper cylinder 1. Specifically, in this embodiment, the lifting lugs 7 are located on the outer side of the lower opening of the upper cylinder 1.

[0064] like Figure 7 , 8 As shown, preferably, the large-diameter thick steel shell device further includes: a second guide limiting mechanism 9 disposed on the lower cylinder 2, the second guide limiting mechanism 9 being used to limit the alignment of the lower opening of the upper cylinder 1 with the upper opening of the lower cylinder 12.

[0065] Preferably, the second guide limiting mechanism 9 includes: a third guide portion 10 disposed on the inner wall of the upper opening of the lower cylinder 2, and a fourth guide portion 11 disposed on the outer wall of the upper opening of the lower cylinder 2. The top of the cylinder wall 12 of the upper opening of the lower cylinder is lower than the top of the third guide portion 10 and the top of the fourth guide portion 11, respectively. The cylinder wall 12 of the upper opening of the lower cylinder is sandwiched between the third guide portion 10 and the fourth guide portion 11 and forms a gap 13 above the cylinder wall 12 of the upper opening of the lower cylinder. The width of the upper opening of the gap 13 is greater than the thickness of the cylinder wall 12 of the upper opening of the lower cylinder within the gap 13.

[0066] Preferably, the third guide portion 10 and the fourth guide portion 11 are symmetrically arranged on the inner and outer sides of the upper opening of the lower cylinder wall 12.

[0067] like Figure 9 , 10 As shown, preferably, the large-diameter thick steel shell device further includes: a third guide limiting mechanism 14 for circumferential limiting, the third guide limiting mechanism 14 being used to limit the upper cylinder 1 along the circumferential direction of the upper opening of the lower cylinder 2.

[0068] Preferably, the third guide limiting mechanism 14 includes: an insert plate 15 disposed on the upper cylinder 1, and a fifth guide part 16 disposed on the lower cylinder 2 for guiding and limiting, wherein the fifth guide part 16 is provided with a groove 17 for accommodating the inserted insert plate 15.

[0069] Preferably, the groove 17 includes: a positioning cavity 18 and a guide cavity 19 disposed on the top of the positioning cavity 18. The positioning cavity 18 and the guide cavity 19 are connected. The inner wall of the positioning cavity 18 fits against the outer wall of the inserted insert plate 15. The width of the opening end of the guide cavity 19 is greater than the width of the other end of the guide cavity 19 connected to the positioning cavity 18. The insert plate 15 is inserted into the positioning cavity 18 through the guide cavity 19.

[0070] like Figure 11 , 12 As shown, preferably, the large-diameter thick steel shell device further includes: a gasket 20 disposed above the upper opening of the lower cylinder wall 12, the gasket 20 being used to form a welding gap after the lower opening of the upper cylinder 1 and the upper opening of the lower cylinder 2 are joined.

[0071] Preferably, the gasket 20 includes: a covering portion 21 and overlapping portions 22 distributed and connected to both sides of the covering portion 21. The covering portion 21 covers the upper opening of the lower cylinder wall 12, and the overlapping portions 22 overlap the two sides of the upper opening of the lower cylinder wall 12. Specifically, the gasket 20 in this embodiment is a grooved gasket 20.

[0072] Preferably, the large-diameter thick steel shell device further includes: a deformation misalignment adjustment mechanism, which is connected to the upper cylinder 1 and the lower cylinder 2 respectively. The deformation misalignment adjustment mechanism is used to adjust the misalignment or hoisting deformation that occurs after the lower opening of the upper cylinder 1 is connected to the upper opening of the lower cylinder 2.

[0073] Preferably, the deformation misalignment adjustment mechanism includes:

[0074] like Figure 13 , 14 As shown, the first deformation misalignment adjustment mechanism includes: a gantry clamp 44, a first connecting member 26, a second connecting member 27, a first connecting pin 28, a second connecting pin 30, a first latch 42, and a second latch 43. The gantry clamp 44 includes: a gantry clamp body 23, a first gantry base 24 and a second gantry base 25 respectively disposed at both ends of the gantry clamp body 23. The first connecting member 26 is disposed on the outer wall of the lower opening of the upper cylinder 1, and the second connecting member 27 is disposed on the outer wall of the upper opening of the lower cylinder 2. The first gantry base 24 and the first connecting member 26 are connected by the first connecting pin 28. The bottom of the first gantry base 24 is connected to the upper cylinder. 1. External wall contact connection: The bottom of the first gantry base 24 has an open first misalignment adjustment hole 29 facing the outer wall of the upper cylinder 1. Deformation and misalignment adjustment are achieved by inserting a first pin 42 into the first misalignment adjustment hole 29. The second gantry base 25 is connected to the second connecting piece 27 via a second connecting pin 30. The bottom of the second gantry base 25 is in contact with the outer wall of the lower cylinder 2. The bottom of the second gantry base 25 has an open second misalignment adjustment hole 31 facing the outer wall of the lower cylinder 2. Deformation and misalignment adjustment are achieved by inserting a second pin 43 into the second misalignment adjustment hole 31; and / or...

[0075] like Figure 15 , 16 As shown, the second deformation misalignment adjustment mechanism includes a third connector 32 and a jack 33. The third connector 32 is connected to the upper cylinder 1 and also to the jack 33. The jack 33 is in contact with the lower cylinder 2. By pressing the lower cylinder 2 with the jack 33, the mechanism adjusts any misalignment or hoisting deformation that occurs after the lower opening of the upper cylinder 1 aligns with the upper opening of the lower cylinder 2, exceeding a preset level. Specifically, in this embodiment, the third connector 32 is a horseshoe.

[0076] Specifically, the first gantry base 24 includes a first gantry base body 34 and a first misalignment adjustment groove 35. The bottom of the first gantry base body 34 and the open end of the first misalignment adjustment groove 35 are connected to form a first through hole 36. A second through hole 37 is provided on the first connector 26. The first connecting pin 28 passes through the first through hole 36 and the second through hole 37 at the same time, and pins the first gantry base 24 and the first connector 26.

[0077] Specifically, the second gantry base 25 includes a second gantry base body 38 and a second misalignment adjustment groove 39. The bottom of the second gantry base body 38 and the open end of the second misalignment adjustment groove 39 are connected to form a third through hole 40. A fourth through hole 41 is provided on the second connector 27. The second connecting pin 30 passes through both the third through hole 40 and the fourth through hole 41 to pin the second gantry base 25 to the second connector 27.

[0078] Specifically, the first connecting member 26 is a first square iron, and the second connecting member 27 is a second square iron.

[0079] In this embodiment, the first guide limiting mechanism 4, the second guide limiting mechanism 9, and the third guide limiting mechanism 14 ensure accurate positioning of the steel shell during hoisting, while the deformation misalignment adjustment mechanism ensures coordinated deformation during the assembly of the corrected cylinder.

[0080] The installation method of the upper cylinder 1 and lower cylinder 2 of the large-diameter thick steel shell device in this embodiment includes the following steps:

[0081] (1) Fix the lower cylinder 2 so that the opening of the lower cylinder 2 faces upward. Mark the angles at 0°, 90°, 180° and 270° along the openings of the upper cylinder 1 and the lower cylinder 2 respectively. Set four lifting lugs 7 evenly 50mm from the bottom opening of the upper cylinder 1. Install traction ropes 8 on the lifting lugs 7. Lift the upper cylinder 1 with the lifting sling 3. When the upper cylinder 1 is lowered to the installation position at a height of 1m, it enters the positioning stage. Adjust the azimuth angle of the upper cylinder 1 with the four traction ropes 8 so that the angle marking lines of the upper cylinder 1 and the lower cylinder 2 are aligned vertically.

[0082] (2) Four first-level radial guide limiting mechanisms 4 are symmetrically and evenly distributed along the edge of the cylinder on the outer wall of the upper opening of the lower cylinder 2 to limit the swing and planar displacement of the upper cylinder 1. The first guide limiting mechanism 4 is composed of an H-shaped steel cut from the middle along the web or steel plates spliced ​​together. The upper part of the first guide limiting mechanism 4 is bent outward at an angle of about 40°, and the lower part is welded to the lower cylinder 2. The upper cylinder 1 first enters the first guide limiting mechanism 4.

[0083] (3) Twenty-four secondary radial second guide limiting mechanisms 9 are symmetrically and evenly distributed along the edge of the cylinder on the outer wall of the upper opening of the lower cylinder 2 to restrict the swing and planar displacement of the upper cylinder 1. The second guide limiting mechanism 9 is cut from a steel plate with a thickness of h and is trapezoidal in shape. Two trapezoidal steel plates form a second guide limiting mechanism 9, which is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the cylinder wall 12 of the upper opening of the lower cylinder. The short side is welded to the edge of the lower cylinder 2, and the inclined side of the trapezoid is upward. The upper cylinder 1 enters the second guide limiting mechanism 9 after entering the first guide limiting mechanism 4. The number of second guide limiting mechanisms 9 can be set according to the requirements, or it can be set to 36.

[0084] (4) Two sets of third guide limiting mechanisms 14 are respectively set at 0° and 180° along the radial direction of the upper cylinder 1 and the lower cylinder 2 to guide along the circumference of the cylinder. These two sets of third guide limiting mechanisms 14 are symmetrically set along the opening of the upper cylinder 1 and the lower cylinder 2 to ensure that the upper cylinder 1 is not subject to large-scale rotation of the cylinder due to wind force or mechanical force during the falling process.

[0085] The third guide limiting mechanism 14 is made from steel shell scraps. The third guide limiting mechanism 14 has a double trapezoidal structure. The hypotenuses of the trapezoids are both upward. The two short sides of the trapezoids perpendicular to the circular steel shell are located on the inner side, which plays a radial guiding role. The two short sides of the trapezoids parallel to the tangent of the steel shell are opposite each other, with a gap reserved in the middle. The insert plate 15 set in the upper cylinder 1 is a trapezoidal steel plate. The trapezoidal steel plate is inserted into the gap in the middle, which plays a circumferential guiding and limiting role.

[0086] (5) Groove-shaped gaskets 20 are evenly distributed along the circumference of the lower cylinder 2 at the upper edge. The gaskets 20 are cut from steel plates of thickness t. By setting the gaskets 20, the gap between the weld assembly is controlled at 0-5mm to meet the requirements of the subsequent welding process.

[0087] (6) After the upper cylinder 1 is hoisted into place, the misalignment is checked in two directions, 0°→180° and 360°→180° respectively. If the misalignment does not meet the technical requirements, the misalignment and hoisting deformation are adjusted by using the gantry clamp 44 and horseshoes set on the shell for deformation and misalignment adjustment. After the upper cylinder 1 is hoisted into place, the first pin 42 and the second pin 43 are connected to the first misalignment adjustment hole 29 and the second misalignment adjustment hole 31 on both sides of the weld, respectively. The misalignment is adjusted by inserting pins at different parts of the gantry clamp 44. When the misalignment is too large to adjust, it can be adjusted by using the jack 33 and horseshoes. A deformation and misalignment adjustment mechanism is set up to correct the deformation deviation of the upper cylinder 1 and the lower cylinder 2.

[0088] The specifications and quantity of the first guide limiting mechanism 4, the second guide limiting mechanism 9, the third guide limiting mechanism 14, and the deformation misalignment adjustment mechanism need to be set according to the steel shell diameter, steel plate thickness, and measurement results.

[0089] The installation method of the upper cylinder 1 and lower cylinder 2 of the large-diameter thick steel shell device in this embodiment solves the following problem:

[0090] (1) The problem of large deviation in the in-plane angle when the upper cylinder 1 is hoisted above the lower cylinder 2 has been solved;

[0091] (2) The problem of large swing, planar displacement and rotation of the upper cylinder 1 when it is hoisted down to 50mm above the lower cylinder 2 has been solved;

[0092] (3) It solves the problem that the upper and lower sections of the cylinder weld are not easy to penetrate when the thickness of the steel shell device is relatively thick, and the welding and back root cleaning welding processes can be carried out alternately on both sides to ensure the welding quality of the circumferential weld.

[0093] (4) It solves the problem of large misalignment caused by deformation during the manufacturing and hoisting of the steel shell device, which does not meet the assembly technical requirements.

[0094] In this embodiment, the large-diameter, thick steel shell device uses a first guide and limiting mechanism 4 to guide and limit the upper cylinder 1, preventing it from swinging, shifting, or rotating during descent. This ensures precise positioning of the upper cylinder 1 and the lower cylinder 2, guaranteeing the quality of the lifting and positioning of the upper cylinder 1. The first guide and limiting mechanism 4, the second guide and limiting mechanism 9, and the third guide and limiting mechanism 14 ensure rapid and precise positioning of the steel shell, preventing planar swaying, shifting, and rotation.

[0095] Advantages of the large-diameter, thick-walled steel housing device in this embodiment:

[0096] (1) The lifting lug 7, traction rope 8, first guide limit mechanism 4, second guide limit mechanism 9, third guide limit mechanism 14, gasket 20 and deformation misalignment adjustment mechanism are all made of ordinary materials or scraps from the cylinder, and do not generate additional material and processing costs.

[0097] (2) Install a traction rope 8 on the lifting lug 7 of the upper cylinder 1 and adjust the azimuth angle of the upper cylinder 1. The traction rope 8 can quickly align the angle mark line of the upper cylinder 1 with the angle mark line of the lower cylinder 2, improve the hoisting efficiency, and reduce the safety risks associated with long hoisting and positioning time.

[0098] (3) The first guide limiting mechanism 4 and the second guide limiting mechanism 9 effectively limit the upper cylinder 1 from swinging and shifting during the positioning process, ensuring that the upper cylinder 1 is accurately positioned and guaranteeing the quality of hoisting and positioning;

[0099] (4) The third guide limiting mechanism 14 is used for circumferential guidance to ensure that the upper cylinder 1 does not rotate during the positioning process; to ensure that the upper cylinder 1 is accurately positioned and to guarantee the quality of hoisting and positioning.

[0100] (5) By setting the grooved gasket 20, the assembly gap is guaranteed to meet the process requirements, and the processing and removal are convenient and quick, which is conducive to ensuring welding construction and welding quality;

[0101] (6) After the upper cylinder 1 is hoisted into place, the upper cylinder 1 and the lower cylinder 2 can be efficiently corrected by the deformation and misalignment adjustment mechanism to ensure hoisting efficiency and the quality of the upper and lower cylinder assembly, and meet the technical requirements for assembly error.

[0102] In this embodiment, the large-diameter thick steel shell device guides and limits the upper cylinder 1 through the first guide limiting mechanism 4, which prevents the upper cylinder 1 from swinging, shifting and rotating during the falling process, ensuring that the upper cylinder 1 and the lower cylinder 2 are accurately positioned, and ensuring the quality of hoisting and positioning of the upper cylinder 1.

[0103] It is understood that the above embodiments are merely exemplary implementations used to illustrate the principles of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto. For those skilled in the art, various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the spirit and essence of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements are also considered to be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device with a large-diameter, thick-walled steel casing, characterized in that, The device includes: a lower cylinder, an upper cylinder disposed above the lower cylinder, and a first guide limiting mechanism disposed on the lower cylinder. The first guide limiting mechanism is used to guide and limit the upper cylinder from the periphery of the upper opening of the lower cylinder, confining the upper cylinder within the periphery area defined by the first guide limiting mechanism. The large-diameter thick steel shell device also includes: a second guide limiting mechanism disposed on the lower cylinder. The second guide limiting mechanism is used to limit and align the cylinder wall of the lower opening of the upper cylinder with the cylinder wall of the upper opening of the lower cylinder. The second guide limiting mechanism includes: a third guide... The device includes a fourth guide section located on the outer wall of the upper opening of the lower cylinder. The top of the cylinder wall of the upper opening of the lower cylinder is lower than the top of the third guide section and the top of the fourth guide section, respectively. The cylinder wall of the upper opening of the lower cylinder is sandwiched between the third guide section and the fourth guide section and forms a gap above the cylinder wall of the upper opening of the lower cylinder. The width of the upper opening of the gap is greater than the thickness of the cylinder wall of the upper opening of the lower cylinder within the gap. The large-diameter thick steel shell device also includes a third guide limiting mechanism for circumferential positioning. The third guide limiting mechanism is used to limit the upper cylinder along the circumferential direction of the upper opening of the lower cylinder.

2. The large-diameter thick steel shell device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first guide limiting mechanism includes: a first guide part and a second guide part connected to the first guide part. The first guide part is disposed on the outer wall of the upper opening of the lower cylinder, and the second guide part extends obliquely upward toward the periphery of the upper opening of the lower cylinder.

3. The large-diameter thick steel shell device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: The lifting lugs are installed on the upper cylinder, and the traction rope passes through the lifting lugs. The traction rope connects the lower opening of the upper cylinder with the upper opening of the lower cylinder.

4. The large-diameter thick steel shell device according to claim 3, characterized in that, There are four lifting lugs, which are evenly distributed radially on the outer wall of the upper cylinder.

5. The large-diameter thick steel shell device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The third and fourth guide sections are symmetrically arranged on the inner and outer sides of the upper opening of the lower cylinder.

6. The large-diameter thick steel shell device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The third guide limiting mechanism includes: an insert plate disposed on the upper cylinder and a fifth guide part disposed on the lower cylinder for guiding and limiting. The fifth guide part is provided with a groove for accommodating the inserted insert plate.

7. The large-diameter thick steel shell device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The groove includes: The positioning cavity and the guide cavity are connected. The inner wall of the positioning cavity fits against the outer wall of the inserted plate. The width of the opening end of the guide cavity is greater than the width of the other end of the guide cavity connected to the positioning cavity. The plate is inserted into the positioning cavity through the guide cavity.

8. The large-diameter thick steel shell device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, Also includes: A gasket is placed above the upper opening of the lower cylinder wall. The gasket is used to form a welding gap after the lower opening of the upper cylinder and the upper opening of the lower cylinder are joined.

9. The large-diameter thick steel shell device according to claim 8, characterized in that, Gaskets include: The covering part and the overlapping part connecting the two sides of the covering part are distributed. The covering part covers the upper opening of the lower cylinder wall, and the overlapping part overlaps the two sides of the upper opening of the lower cylinder wall.

10. The large-diameter thick steel shell device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, Also includes: The deformation misalignment adjustment mechanism is connected to the upper cylinder and the lower cylinder respectively. The deformation misalignment adjustment mechanism is used to adjust the misalignment or hoisting deformation that occurs after the lower opening of the upper cylinder is connected to the upper opening of the lower cylinder.

11. The large-diameter thick steel shell device according to claim 10, characterized in that, The deformation and misalignment adjustment mechanism includes: The first deformation and misalignment adjustment mechanism includes: a gantry clamp, a first connector, a second connector, a first connecting pin, a second connecting pin, a first latch, and a second latch. The gantry clamp includes: a gantry clamp body, a first gantry base, and a second gantry base respectively disposed at both ends of the gantry clamp body. The first connector is disposed on the outer wall of the lower opening of the upper cylinder, and the second connector is disposed on the outer wall of the upper opening of the lower cylinder. The first gantry base and the first connector are connected by the first connecting pin, and the bottom of the first gantry base contacts the outer wall of the upper cylinder. Next, the bottom of the first gantry base has an open first misalignment adjustment hole facing the outer wall of the upper cylinder. Deformation and misalignment adjustment are achieved by inserting a first pin into the first misalignment adjustment hole. The second gantry base is connected to the second connecting piece via a second connecting pin. The bottom of the second gantry base is in contact with the outer wall of the lower cylinder. The bottom of the second gantry base has an open second misalignment adjustment hole facing the outer wall of the lower cylinder. Deformation and misalignment adjustment are achieved by inserting a second pin into the second misalignment adjustment hole; and / or, The second deformation misalignment adjustment mechanism includes: a third connector and a jack. The third connector is connected to the upper cylinder and also to the jack. The jack is in contact with the lower cylinder. By squeezing the lower cylinder with the jack, the mechanism adjusts the misalignment or hoisting deformation that exceeds the preset degree after the lower opening of the upper cylinder and the upper opening of the lower cylinder are connected.

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