Friction stir deposition solid-state additive manufacturing apparatus and method

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of solid-state additive manufacturing devices and methods of friction stir deposition, the solid-state additive manufacturing device includes shaft shoulder and stir head, stir head is connected with shaft shoulder, the inner wall surface of shaft shoulder is in contact with the outer peripheral surface of stir head, and stir head can be moved along the straight line where stir head is relative to shaft shoulder;Multiple feeding channels are arranged in stir head for placing solid-state materials;Wherein, stir head is conical, and the outlet of feeding channel is arranged on the circumferential side of stir head.The solid-state additive manufacturing method comprises the following specific steps: feeding channel is filled with solid-state material, and stir head and shaft shoulder rotate synchronously;Stir head and shaft shoulder are close to substrate and drill into substrate, and stir head and shaft shoulder reach predetermined position, stop stir head to continue to penetrate substrate;Stir head and shaft shoulder move in the direction parallel to substrate, and the solid-state material in feeding channel is pressed to the surface of stir head and substrate contact, and fixed material forms deposition layer on substrate surface.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of friction stir additive manufacturing, in particular to a solid-state additive manufacturing device and method of friction stir deposition. BACKGROUND

[0002] Friction stir deposition additive manufacturing technology is a new metal additive technology developed on the basis of friction stir welding technology. The working principle of the technology is that metal rods or powders are transported to the surface of the base plate through the rotating hollow spindle. The metal rods or powders are subjected to intense friction with the base plate, generating friction heat. The friction heat softens the plastic material, which is combined with the base plate under the forging pressure of the shaft shoulder to form the first layer of deposition. With the movement of the hollow shaft, subsequent layers are continuously added on the initial layer, and finally a three-dimensional solid part is formed.

[0003] The existing friction stir deposition additive manufacturing equipment is prone to softening and clogging in the stirring head during the manufacturing process due to the coaxial rotation friction resistance of the base body, which causes the material to move relative to the inner wall of the stirring head and generate heat. SUMMARY

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the embodiments of the present application is that the existing friction stir deposition additive manufacturing equipment is prone to softening and clogging in the stirring head during the manufacturing process due to the coaxial rotation friction resistance of the base body, which causes the material to move relative to the inner wall of the stirring head and generate heat.

[0005] To solve the above problems, the present application provides a solid-state additive manufacturing device and method of friction stir deposition.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present application discloses a solid-state additive manufacturing device of friction stir deposition, which comprises a shaft shoulder and a stirring head, the stirring head is connected with the shaft shoulder, the inner wall surface of the shaft shoulder is in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the stirring head, and the stirring head can move along the straight line where the stirring head is located relative to the shaft shoulder;

[0007] A plurality of feeding channels are provided in the stirring head for placing solid materials.

[0008] Preferably, the stirring head is conical, and the outlets of the feeding channels are arranged on the circumferential side of the stirring head.

[0009] Preferably, the shaft shoulder and the stirring head rotate coaxially around the straight line where the axis of the stirring head is located.

[0010] Preferably, the stirring head comprises a plurality of screws, and one screw is arranged in one feeding channel.

[0011] The screw has a helical paddle on the circumference of the screw, the edge of the paddle is in contact with the feeding channel.

[0012] Preferably, a pressing member is arranged in the feeding channel, the pressing member applies pressure to the solid material.

[0013] Preferably, a moving mechanism is connected with the shaft shoulder and the stirring head, the moving mechanism drives the shaft shoulder and the stirring head to move.

[0014] In the second aspect, the application discloses a solid additive manufacturing method based on friction stir deposition, which comprises the following specific steps:

[0015] The feeding channel is filled with solid material, and the stirring head rotates synchronously with the shaft shoulder;

[0016] The stirring head and the shaft shoulder approach the substrate and drill into the substrate, and when the stirring head and the shaft shoulder reach a predetermined position, the stirring head stops further penetrating into the substrate;

[0017] The stirring head and the shaft shoulder move in a direction parallel to the substrate, the solid material in the feeding channel is pressed towards the surface of the substrate in contact with the stirring head, and the solid material forms a deposition layer on the surface of the substrate.

[0018] Preferably, the solid material in the feeding channel is pressed towards the surface of the substrate in contact with the stirring head, and the method comprises the following steps:

[0019] The end of the feeding channel away from the substrate is pressed by the pressing member to press the solid material towards the surface of the substrate.

[0020] Preferably, the solid material in the feeding channel is pressed towards the surface of the substrate in contact with the stirring head, and the method comprises the following steps:

[0021] The screw in the feeding channel rotates, and the paddle on the surface of the screw sends the powdery solid material to the surface of the substrate.

[0022] Preferably, after the solid material forms a deposition layer on the surface of the substrate, the method further comprises the following steps:

[0023] The stirring head moves according to a predetermined path, and the deposition is completed layer by layer until the part is completed.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the technical effects that can be achieved by the embodiment of the application include:

[0025] 1. The application provides a kind of solid state additive manufacturing device and method of friction stir deposition, the manufacturing device of the application is that the position of the contact and friction of stir head and substrate is conical surface, the opening of feed channel is arranged on the surface, the stir head and substrate are formed with a stirring influence zone by drilling friction, solid material is sent to the stirring influence zone by feed channel, and solid material is stirred, softened, plasticized, flowed and deposited on the inclined surface of stirring influence zone, after the stir head passes through predetermined path multiple times, multiple deposition layers can be stacked into parts of predetermined shape;In addition, by adjusting the length of the stir head from the substrate, the current deposition layer and the deposited layer can be stirred multiple times to improve the forming performance of the part, and the feeding material does not rotate with the inner cavity of the stir head when extruding and interacting with the stirring area, so as to avoid softening and clogging.

[0026] 2. Further, a plurality of feed channels are provided in the stir head, so that a plurality of different materials can be placed, and single material or multiple material stirring deposition can be realized, which is beneficial to the accumulation and forming of composite materials and multiple materials, and improves the practicality of the device.

[0027] 3. Further, a screw is arranged in the feed channel, and the powder solid material can be extruded to the stirring influence zone by rotating the screw, so as to realize the softening, flowing and deposition of the powder material.

[0028] 4. Further, the stir head drills into the substrate by a certain distance, and a stirring influence zone is formed between the substrate and the stir head, the solid material is sent to the stirring influence zone by the feed channel, so that the solid material is stirred, softened, plasticized, flowed and deposited on the inclined surface of the stirring influence zone to form a part, a certain distance is reserved between the shaft shoulder and the substrate, so that a deposition layer with a fixed thickness is formed on the surface of the substrate, and the solid material is extruded from the gap between the shaft shoulder and the substrate, which can avoid friction between the material and the inner cavity of the stir head during rotation, and avoid softening and clogging.

[0029] 5. Further, the application provides a manufacturing method using the device, and the process flow is simple and reliable, which guarantees the manufacturing efficiency and quality. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0030] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the application, the drawings needed in the embodiment description will be briefly introduced as follows. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the application, and other drawings can also be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor.

[0031] Figure 1 It is a sectional view of a solid state additive manufacturing device of friction stir deposition provided by the application.

[0032] Figure 2 For Figure 1 A top view of the device;

[0033] Figure 3 For Figure 1 A structural schematic diagram of the stirring head in the device;

[0034] Figure 4 A flowchart of a friction stir deposition solid-state additive manufacturing method provided by the application.

[0035] Wherein, 1, a friction stir deposition solid-state additive manufacturing device; 2, a substrate; 3, a deposition layer;

[0036] 11, a shoulder; 12, a stirring head; 121, a feeding channel; 122, a screw; 1221, a paddle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The technical solutions in the embodiments will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the application, and similar components are denoted by similar reference numerals in the drawings. Obviously, the embodiments to be described are only a part of the embodiments of the application, rather than all the embodiments of the application. Based on the embodiments in the application, all other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without creative work fall within the protection scope of the application.

[0038] It should be understood that, when used in the specification and the appended claims, the terms "comprise" and "include" indicate the presence of described features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and / or components, but do not exclude one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or groups thereof.

[0039] It should also be understood that the terms used in the specification of the embodiments of the application herein are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the application. As used in the specification of the embodiments of the application and the appended claims, "a", "an", and "the" intended to include plural forms, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0040] Referring to Figures 1-3 A friction stir deposition solid-state additive manufacturing device 1, comprising a shoulder 11 and a stirring head 12, the stirring head 12 is connected with the shoulder 11, the inner wall surface of the shoulder 11 is in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the stirring head 12, and the stirring head 12 can move along the straight line where the stirring head 12 is located relative to the shoulder 11.

[0041] The stirring head 12 is conical, and the outlet of the feeding channel 121 is arranged on the circumferential side of the stirring head 12.

[0042] Specifically, the position where the stirring head 12 contacts and rubs against the substrate 2 is a conical surface, and the opening of the feeding channel 121 is arranged on the surface. During manufacturing, the stirring head 12 and the substrate 2 rub against each other to form a stirring affected area. The solid material is extruded to the stirring affected area through the feeding channel 121, and the solid material is stirred, softened, plasticized, flowed, and deposited on the inclined surface of the stirring affected area.

[0043] The shaft shoulder 11 and the stirring head 12 rotate coaxially around the straight line where the shaft of the stirring head 12 is located, that is, the material rotates synchronously with the stirring head 12 but the axes do not overlap, and the extrusion process mainly bears axial pressure, thereby avoiding the problem of blockage caused by the mutual movement and friction between the material and the inner wall of the stirring head 12, softening, and the like. The deposition of the solid material is achieved by frictional heating between the stirring head 12 and the substrate 2 and extrusion of the material, and the stirring head 12 fully plays a stirring strengthening role on the deposition area.

[0044] In addition, a plurality of feeding channels 121 are arranged in the stirring head 12 for placing the solid material. The plurality of feeding channels 121 can place a plurality of different materials, and the stirring and deposition of a single material or a plurality of materials can be achieved, which is beneficial to the accumulation and forming of composite materials and multiple materials and improves the practicality of the device. In the embodiment, the number of feeding channels 121 is two, but is not limited to the two in the embodiment.

[0045] Further, after the stirring head 12 passes through the predetermined path multiple times, a plurality of deposited layers 3 can be stacked into a part with a predetermined shape. Specifically, by adjusting the length of the stirring head 12 from the substrate 2, the current deposited layer 3 and the deposited layer 3 can be stirred multiple times to improve the part forming performance. The feeding material does not rotate and rub against the inner cavity of the stirring head 12 when it is extruded and interacts with the stirring area because the axis of the feeding material does not overlap with the axis of the stirring head 12, thereby avoiding softening and blockage.

[0046] The solid additive manufacturing device 1 for friction-stir deposition includes a pressing member arranged in the feeding channel 121. The pressing member applies pressure to the solid material to make the solid material generate heat, soften, and deposit in the stirring affected area on the substrate 2 after being subjected to the force. The pressing member can be a mechanism such as a pneumatic cylinder or a hydraulic rod that can provide force.

[0047] As an embodiment, the stirring head 12 includes a plurality of screws 122, and one screw 122 is arranged in one feeding channel 121. The screw 122 is provided with a helical paddle 1221 on the circumferential side, and the edge of the paddle 1221 contacts the feeding channel 121.

[0048] Specifically, the rotation of the screw 122 can drive the paddle 1221. Since the paddle 1221 is arranged in a spiral shape on the screw 122, in the feeding channel 121, the paddle 1221 can extrude the powdery solid material when rotating, so that the device can adapt to the production of powdery materials and improve the universality of the device. It can be understood that the screw 122 is arranged in the feeding channel 121, and the rotation of the screw 122 can extrude the powdery solid material to the stirring influence area, so as to realize the softening, flowing and deposition of the powdery material.

[0049] It can be understood that the feeding channel 121 can be filled with powdery, rod-shaped, filament-shaped and other shaped solid materials. At the same time, a plurality of types of solid materials can be put into a single feeding channel 121 according to a predetermined ratio for production, so that the device has wide applicability.

[0050] Further, the rotation angular velocities of the screws 122 in different feeding channels 121 are different, so that the extrusion amount of the powdery solid material is different, so that the output amount of the output material is controlled, so as to achieve the purpose of producing parts with different content ratios.

[0051] The solid additive manufacturing device 1 by friction stir deposition comprises a moving mechanism connected with the shaft shoulder 11 and the stirring head 12, and the moving mechanism drives the shaft shoulder 11 and the stirring head 12 to move. Specifically, the moving mechanism can drive the shaft shoulder 11 and the stirring head 12 to move simultaneously. In addition, the moving mechanism can also drive the stirring head 12 to drill into the substrate 2 along the direction perpendicular to the substrate 2.

[0052] Reference Figure 4 A manufacturing method using the above device, comprising the following specific steps:

[0053] The feeding channel is filled with solid materials, and the stirring head and the shaft shoulder rotate synchronously;

[0054] The stirring head and the shaft shoulder approach the substrate and drill into the substrate, and the stirring head and the shaft shoulder reach a predetermined position and stop the stirring head from continuing to drill into the substrate;

[0055] The stirring head and the shaft shoulder move in the direction parallel to the substrate, and the solid materials in the feeding channel are pressed to the surface of the substrate contacted by the stirring head, and the solid materials form a deposition layer on the surface of the substrate.

[0056] Specifically, after the feeding channel is filled with solid materials, the substrate is arranged below the stirring head, the stirring head and the shaft shoulder are synchronously rotated at an angular velocity ω1, and drill towards the substrate. When reaching a predetermined position, stop continuing to drill, and change to move on the substrate. The stirring head and the shaft shoulder move on the predetermined path of the substrate, so that the solid materials form a deposition layer on the substrate.

[0057] It can be understood that the stirring head drills into the substrate for a certain distance, and a stirring influence zone is formed between the substrate and the stirring head. The solid material is sent to the stirring influence zone through the feeding channel, so that the solid material is stirred, softened, plasticized, flowed and deposited on the inclined surface of the stirring influence zone to form a part. A certain distance is reserved between the shaft shoulder and the substrate, so that the solid material forms a deposition layer with a fixed thickness on the surface of the substrate, and the solid material is extruded from the gap between the shaft shoulder and the substrate, which can avoid friction between the material and the inner cavity of the stirring head during rotation, and avoid softening and blocking.

[0058] After the deposition layer is formed on the surface of the substrate by the solid material, the method further comprises the following steps:

[0059] The stirring head moves according to the predetermined path, and the deposition is completed layer by layer until the part is completed.

[0060] Specifically, the path of the stirring head each time, when moving according to the predetermined path, the stirring head continues to form a stirring influence zone on the formed deposition layer, and extrudes the solid material onto the stirring influence zone. The stirring head moves in a direction parallel to the deposition layer, and a new deposition layer is formed on the formed deposition layer, so as to achieve the state of the part.

[0061] The solid material in the feeding channel is pressed towards the surface of the substrate contacted by the stirring head, and specifically comprises the following steps:

[0062] The end of the feeding channel away from the substrate is pressed by the pressing member to press the solid material towards the surface of the substrate.

[0063] Specifically, the solid material is pressed by the pressing member, so that the solid material can be heated by friction with the surface of the substrate under the pressing of the pressing member, and is softened and deposited to form a deposition layer.

[0064] Among them, the feeding channel can place rod-shaped and filamentous materials, which can meet the production of more state materials.

[0065] The solid material in the feeding channel is pressed towards the surface of the substrate contacted by the stirring head, and specifically comprises the following steps:

[0066] The screw in the feeding channel rotates, and the paddles on the surface of the screw send the powdery solid material to the surface of the substrate.

[0067] Specifically, the rotation of the screw makes the paddles transport the powdery solid material towards the surface of the substrate. The rotation of the screw provides the power for the paddles to transport the powdery solid material, and realizes the softening, flowing and deposition of the powdery material.

[0068] In addition, the rotating screws in different feeding channels rotate at different angular velocities, so that the extrusion amounts of different materials are different, thereby meeting the production of composite material products with different material proportions.

[0069] In the above embodiments, the descriptions of each embodiment have different focuses. For parts that are not described in detail in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant descriptions in other embodiments.

[0070] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," and "counterclockwise," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0071] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0072] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0073] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature includes the first feature directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0074] In the description of the specification, reference to "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "an example", "a specific example", or "some examples" means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic being described is included in at least one embodiment or example of the application. The appearances of the phrases "in one embodiment", "in some embodiments", "an example", "a specific example", or "some examples" in various places in the specification are not necessarily referring to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics can be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Also, the terminology used in the description is for the purpose of describing the particular versions or embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting. The terminology can be used interchangeably with comparable terminology in the related technical fields and equivalents.

[0075] Obviously, various modifications and changes can be made to the present application without departing from the spirit and scope thereof. It is understood that such modifications and changes are intended to fall within the scope of the application which is to be limited only by the appended claims and their equivalents.

[0076] The above description is only specific embodiments of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto, and any skilled person in the art can easily think of various equivalent modifications or replacements within the technical scope disclosed by the present application, and these modifications or replacements should be included in the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A friction stir deposition solid-state additive manufacturing apparatus, characterized by, The shaft shoulder and the stirring head are connected, the inner wall surface of the shaft shoulder is in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the stirring head, and the stirring head can move along the line where the stirring head is located relative to the shaft shoulder. A plurality of feeding channels are arranged in the stirring head for placing solid materials. The stirring head is conical, the outlet of the feeding channel is arranged on the circumferential side of the stirring head, the position where the stirring head contacts and rubs against the substrate is a conical surface, the outlet of the feeding channel is arranged on the surface, and the stirring head rubs against the substrate to form a stirring influence area, the solid materials are sent to the stirring influence area through the feeding channel, and the solid materials are stirred, softened, plasticized, flowed and deposited on the inclined surface of the stirring influence area. A moving mechanism is connected with the shaft shoulder and the stirring head, and drives the shaft shoulder and the stirring head to move. The shaft shoulder and the stirring head rotate coaxially around the line where the axis of the stirring head is located. The stirring head comprises a plurality of screws, and one screw is arranged in one feeding channel. Spiral paddles are arranged on the circumferential side of the screw, and the edges of the paddles are in contact with the feeding channel. Alternatively, a pressing member is arranged in the feeding channel, and the pressing member applies pressure to the solid materials.

2. A manufacturing method using the solid-state additive device of the friction stir deposition of claim 1, characterized by, Comprise: The specific steps are as follows: The feeding channel is filled with solid materials, and the stirring head and the shaft shoulder rotate synchronously; The stirring head and the shaft shoulder approach the substrate and drill into the substrate, the stirring head and the shaft shoulder reach the predetermined position, and the stirring head stops continuing to penetrate into the substrate; The stirring head and the shaft shoulder move in the direction parallel to the substrate, the solid materials in the feeding channel are pressed towards the surface where the stirring head contacts the substrate, and the solid materials form a deposition layer on the substrate surface.

3. The manufacturing method according to claim 2, wherein The solid materials in the feeding channel are pressed towards the surface where the stirring head contacts the substrate, and the method comprises the following steps: The end of the feeding channel away from the substrate is pressed by the pressing member to press the solid materials towards the substrate surface.

4. The manufacturing method according to claim 2, wherein The solid materials in the feeding channel are pressed towards the surface where the stirring head contacts the substrate, and the method comprises the following steps: The screw in the feeding channel is rotated, and the paddles on the surface of the screw send the powdered solid materials to the substrate surface.

5. The manufacturing method according to claim 2, wherein Further comprising the following steps: After the solid materials form a deposition layer on the substrate surface, the stirring head moves according to the predetermined path, and the deposition is completed layer by layer until the part accumulation is completed.

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