A multi-master-slave battery management system and its adaptive configuration method and device

Abstract

The present invention provides a multi-master-slave battery management system, an adaptive configuration method and device thereof, belonging to the field of battery module management. The battery management system includes a master control module and multiple slave control modules. The master control module is connected to each slave control module. The method includes the following steps: The master control module writes configuration information. In the first configuration stage, the master control module sequentially numbers each slave control module according to the cascade signal sequence, and at the same time maximally configures each slave control module. Each slave control module completes the acquisition and upload of actual information with the maximum configuration as the upper limit. In the adaptive calculation stage, the master control module completes the identification of the actual information and compares it with the configuration information. If the comparison result is inconsistent, fault handling is performed. If the comparison result is consistent, the actual information is stored. In the second configuration stage, the master control module configures each slave control module according to the actual information. In the process of parameter configuration of the present invention, there is no need to associate the installation position sequence of the battery packs, which improves the accuracy of configuration.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a multi-slave battery management system, an adaptive configuration method and device thereof, and belongs to the field of battery module management. Background Art

[0002] In the field of new energy electric vehicles, as a core component, the battery management system generally consists of a master control module and multiple slave control modules. The slave control modules are responsible for monitoring information such as the temperature and voltage in the battery pack, and uploading the parameter information to the master control module via the CAN bus or other communication methods. The master control module then processes the relevant control strategies based on the received information. For a battery system with multiple slave control modules, each slave after forming the system not only needs to know its own address number, but also needs to know the relevant information parameters to be collected, such as the number of physical cells and the number of temperature collections, etc., to ensure a one-to-one correspondence with the physical configuration of the battery pack, and at the same time enable the master control to correctly identify the effective collection information of each slave. Therefore, for a multi-slave battery system, coding configuration needs to be performed after the first assembly.

[0003] The existing technical solutions are divided into manual configuration and automatic configuration modes. The manual configuration method requires manual writing of the corresponding configuration information for each slave in the system, and needs to be installed in the written number order during system assembly. The whole process is not only cumbersome, but also has a low error tolerance rate; the automatic configuration method only needs to write the configuration information of all slaves in the master control, and completes the system coding configuration through the signal line + CAN bus method. Although this process can avoid the manual writing operation for each slave, it needs to be installed manually in the specified order during system assembly. For example, in a 4-slave system, the number of physical cells and temperature numbers in the battery pack where the 1st slave is located are different from those of the 2nd, 3rd, and 4th packs, and the configuration pre-written in the master control corresponds to the 1st slave, 2nd slave, 3rd slave, and 4th slave in sequence. The master control encodes and configures this configuration into the slave control module in sequence according to the order of the cascade signal lines. Suppose during system assembly, the physical position of the 1st pack is wrongly placed at the physical position of the 2nd pack, but the actual situation is that the 1st pack is encoded and configured according to the configuration information of the 2nd pack, and similarly the 2nd pack is configured according to the configuration information of the 1st pack, which will lead to the confusion and loss of relevant collection information of the slave control module. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a multi-slave battery management system, an adaptive configuration method and device thereof, which are used to solve the problems of cumbersome process caused by the existing manual configuration method and high error rate caused by the existing automatic configuration method.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides an adaptive coding method for a multi-slave battery management system. The battery management system includes a master control module and multiple slave control modules. The master control module is connected to each slave control module. The method includes the following steps:

[0006] 1) The master control module configures numbers for each slave control module;

[0007] 2) The master control module sends the maximum single-cell slave control configuration information to each slave control module;

[0008] 3) Under the constraint of the maximum single-cell slave control configuration information, each slave control module uploads its actual parameter configuration information to the master control module according to the actual data acquisition situation;

[0009] 4) The master control module compares the actual parameter configuration information uploaded by each slave control module with the written parameter configuration information about all slave control modules. If the comparison is successful, the actual parameter configuration information of each slave control module is used as the correct parameter configuration information of each slave control module;

[0010] 5) The master control module sends the corresponding correct parameter configuration information to each slave control module to configure the parameters of each slave control module, thereby completing the adaptive configuration of the battery management system.

[0011] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: After configuring numbers for each slave control module, the master control module sends the maximum single-cell configuration information to each slave control module, and each slave control module returns the actually collected parameters. The master control module performs adaptive parameter configuration on all slave control modules according to the actually collected parameters, thereby completing the adaptive configuration of the battery management system. During the parameter configuration process of the present invention, adaptive parameter configuration is performed according to the actually uploaded parameter information of each slave control module, without the need to associate the installation position sequence of the battery packs, simplifying the system coding and battery installation process, and the configuration process undergoes multiple levels of verification, reducing the error rate.

[0012] Further, in the above adaptive configuration method for a multi-slave battery management system, the parameter configuration information about all slave control modules in step 2) includes the total number of battery cells and the total number of temperature acquisition points in the battery system, as well as the total number of slave control modules; correspondingly, in steps 3) and 4), the actual parameter configuration information of each slave control module includes the actual number of temperature acquisition points and the number of battery cells corresponding to each slave control module.

[0013] Further, in the above multi-slave battery management system adaptive configuration method, the means for comparison in step 4) is as follows: add up the number of actual temperature acquisition points corresponding to each slave module to obtain a temperature addition result; add up the number of actual battery cells corresponding to each slave module to obtain a battery cell addition result; if the temperature addition result is equal to the number of temperature acquisition points and the battery cell addition result is equal to the total number of battery cells, it indicates that the comparison is successful, otherwise, the comparison fails.

[0014] By comparing the temperature addition result with the number of temperature acquisition points and the battery cell addition result with the total number of battery cells, it is used to determine whether the actual parameter configuration information of each slave module matches the configuration information written by the master module. To a certain extent, it ensures the accuracy of the final configuration result.

[0015] Further, in the above multi-slave battery management system adaptive configuration method, when each slave module uploads its actual parameter configuration information in step 3), the total number of bits of the configuration information uploaded by each slave module is equal, and the total number of bits is set according to the maximum single-slave configuration information. Each slave module fills the configuration information bits according to the actual data acquisition situation, and fills the redundant configuration bits with invalid values.

[0016] Filling the redundant configuration bits with invalid values facilitates the master module to identify which configuration bits are the actual parameter configuration information collected and uploaded by the slave module, and which configuration bits are the redundant configuration bits without input information.

[0017] Further, in the above multi-slave battery management system adaptive configuration method, the master module is connected to each slave module through a communication line, and the master module and each slave module are cascaded through signal lines in sequence; the method for the master module to configure numbers for each slave module in step 1) includes the following steps: activate the signal lines for cascading in sequence, and when one of the signal lines is in the activated state, the remaining signal lines are in the unactivated state; when the signal line between a certain slave module and the previous slave module or the master module cascaded with the certain slave module is activated, the master module configures a number for the certain slave module through the communication line, and thus completes the number configuration of all slave modules by the master module.

[0018] The communication line is used for number configuration between the master module and the slave module, but it is difficult to determine the communication objects on the communication line. Therefore, cascaded signal lines are added to determine the communication objects. It ensures that the number configuration is carried out for each slave module in sequence and only once, and improves the accuracy of the configuration process.

[0019] Further, in the above-mentioned multi-slave battery management system adaptive configuration method, before step 1), there is also a step of verifying the slave configuration information, and step 1) is only executed when the verification fails. The verification of the slave configuration information includes: each slave module generates a verification code based on its own parameter configuration information and sends it to the master module; the master module generates a verification code based on the stored parameter configuration information of each slave module and compares it with the verification codes sent by each slave module. If they are the same, it indicates that the verification passes; if they are different, it indicates that the verification fails.

[0020] Further, in the above-mentioned multi-slave battery management system adaptive configuration method, if the comparison fails, a fault flag is set.

[0021] Further, in the above-mentioned multi-slave battery management system adaptive configuration method, the communication line is a CAN communication line.

[0022] The present invention also provides a multi-slave battery management system adaptive configuration device, including a memory and a processor. The processor is used to execute computer instructions stored in the memory to implement the above-mentioned multi-slave battery management system adaptive configuration method and achieve the same beneficial effects as this method.

[0023] The present invention also provides a multi-slave battery management system, including a master module, multiple slave modules, a memory and a processor. The processor is used to execute computer instructions stored in the memory to implement the above-mentioned multi-slave battery management system adaptive configuration method and achieve the same beneficial effects as this method. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the connection between the master module and each slave module;

[0025] Figure 2 It is a flowchart of the multi-slave battery management system adaptive coding method of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 It is a logic diagram implemented by the master module;

[0027] Figure 4 It is a logic diagram implemented by the slave module;

[0028] Figure 5 It is a structural diagram of the multi-slave battery management system adaptive configuration device of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0029] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0030] Embodiment of a multi-slave battery management system:

[0031] An embodiment of a multi-slave battery management system of the present invention. The multi-slave battery management system (hereinafter referred to as the battery management system) includes a master control module and multiple slave control modules. As shown in Figure 1 The connection schematic diagram of the master control module and the slave control modules of the present invention is shown. The master control module is connected to each slave control module through a CAN bus, and the master control module and each slave control module are also cascaded through signal lines in sequence.

[0032] By adopting an adaptive configuration method for a multi-slave battery management system of the present invention, the configuration of the battery management system can be realized. The flowchart of this method is shown in Figure 2 and includes the following steps:

[0033] 1) Enter the first stage of configuration. Write configuration information such as the number of slave control modules, the total number of battery cells, and the total number of temperature acquisition points into the master control module, and use this information as the basis for adaptive calculation.

[0034] 2) Number each slave control module. The master and slave control modules interact commands through the CAN bus, and complete the arbitration of the configuration order through the cascaded signal lines. Specifically: First, the cascaded signal line between the master control module and the slave control module 1 closest to the master control module is activated, and the remaining cascaded signal lines are in an inactive state. The slave control module 1 receives the number signal, and the master control module numbers the slave control module 1 through the CAN bus to complete the number configuration of the slave control module 1. Next, the cascaded signal line between the slave control module 1 and the slave control module 2 is activated, the slave control module 2 receives the number signal, and starts to number the slave control module 2 in the same way. And so on, complete the number configuration of all slave control modules in the above manner in sequence, which is a coding configuration for the entire battery management system.

[0035] 3) While numbering, the master control module distributes the maximum single-slave configuration information allowed by the hardware to each slave control module. The maximum single-slave configuration information should not be less than the maximum number of single cells and the number of temperatures planned for the product, so as to facilitate adaptation and coverage of all configurations allowed by the hardware.

[0036] 4) Each slave control module completes data acquisition and upload under the constraint of the maximum single-slave configuration information. If the actual number of battery cells and the actual number of temperature acquisition points in the actually collected parameter configuration information are less than the maximum single-slave configuration information, invalid values are filled in the redundant bits. Thus, the first stage of configuration is completed.

[0037] 5) Enter the adaptive calculation stage. The master control module identifies the valid information in the received configuration values, adds up the actual number of battery cells of each slave control module to obtain the battery cell summation result, and adds up the actual number of temperature acquisition points of each slave control module to obtain the temperature summation result. Compare the battery cell summation result with the total number of battery cells, and at the same time compare the temperature summation result with the total number of temperature acquisition points. If the comparison results all match, the master control module stores the actual parameter configuration information as the correct parameter configuration information. Thus, the adaptive calculation stage is completed.

[0038] 6) After completing the adaptive calculation of the correct configuration, the master control module broadcasts to enter the second configuration stage. The master control module distributes the correct parameter configuration information to each module to complete the adaptive parameter configuration, which is the secondary coding configuration for the entire battery management system. Thus, the second configuration stage is completed, and the adaptive configuration of the entire battery management system is completed.

[0039] As Figure 3 shown is the implementation logic diagram of the master control module. The master control module needs to pre-write configuration information such as the number of slave control modules, the total number of battery cells, and the total number of temperature acquisition points in advance. After the system is powered on, the master control module needs to confirm that it has received the verification information from the slave control module. If the verification information is received, verification is performed after parameter initialization. The specific verification process is to determine whether the configuration information of the slave control module is correct. If it is correct, no configuration is required, and the master control module broadcasts an instruction to exit the coding mode to each slave control module. Otherwise, the master control module actively issues a configuration instruction, and the system enters the first configuration stage. The master control module sequentially assigns incremental numbers to each slave control module according to their cascading order. The master control module needs to determine whether it is the second configuration stage. If it is the first configuration stage, it will distribute the maximum single slave control configuration information to each slave control module; otherwise, it will distribute the correct parameter configuration information and enter the calculation state. After all slave control modules have completed the configuration, if the master control module determines that it is currently the second configuration stage, the master control module broadcasts an instruction to exit the coding configuration; otherwise, it broadcasts an instruction to enter the parameter calculation process. During the parameter calculation process, the master control module sums up the actual number of battery cells and the actual number of temperature acquisition points in the actual parameter configuration information collected and uploaded by the slave control module, and determines whether it matches its own configuration information. If it matches, the master control module completes the calculation and storage of the correct parameter configuration information for each slave control module. Subsequently, the master control module sends a broadcast instruction to enter the second stage. The master control module stops sending broadcast instructions and enters the second stage of adaptive configuration by identifying the verification information instruction re-uploaded by the slave control module after entering the second stage, and re-completes the correct configuration of the slave control module according to the previously stored correct parameter configuration information. In addition, if the master control module does not receive the verification message, configuration information response instruction, or the judgment result is inconsistent from the slave control module, a timeout judgment is performed. If the waiting time does not exceed the set communication time, it continues to wait for information. Otherwise, it is considered that the configuration process fails, and the fault flag is set.

[0040] As Figure 4 shown in the implementation logic diagram of the slave control module. After the system is powered on, the slave control module sends verification information. If it receives the broadcast configuration instruction sent by the master control module, the slave control module enters the first stage of adaptive configuration, and the slave control modules are numbered in sequence according to the order of the cascaded signal lines. If the cascaded signal of the current slave control module is valid, that is, the numbering process has been completed, then this slave control module responds to receive the configuration information sent by the master control module (this configuration information is determined by the master control, and may be the maximum configuration in the first stage or the correct configuration in the second stage). After the configuration is completed, the current slave control module no longer responds to the configuration information, and turns on the signal of the cascaded slave control, waiting to exit the coding configuration. If it receives the instruction to exit the coding configuration from the master control module, the slave control module stores the correct parameter configuration information and uploads the correct parameter configuration information; if it receives the instruction to enter the parameter calculation from the master control module, the slave control module will upload the voltage and temperature information according to the maximum single slave control configuration information. If the number of maximum single slave control configuration information exceeds the actual number of single cells and the number of temperatures in the battery pack, the slave control module will fill the collected data of the redundant configuration with invalid values and upload them. During the parameter calculation process, if the slave control receives the broadcast command to enter the second stage of configuration sent by the master control, the slave control will reset and re-send the verification information instruction, and re-perform the secondary coding configuration. In addition, if the slave control module does not receive the effective feedback of the coding signal from the master control module or receives the coding configuration information of the master control module or does not receive the broadcast signal of the master control module, it will perform a timeout judgment. If the waiting time does not exceed the set communication time, it will continue to wait for the information, otherwise it is considered that the configuration process fails and the fault flag is set.

[0041] According to the implementation logic of the master control module and the slave control module, the following is the implementation process of the solution:

[0042] 1) The system is powered on, and the slave control module uploads relevant verification information;

[0043] 2) The master control module completes the reception of the verification information, and initializes parameters such as packet numbering, configuration phase flag, and fault flag;

[0044] 3) The master control module completes the verification of the configuration information. If the verification passes, the master control module sends the broadcast instruction "Exit Addressing". After the slave control responds, the master and slave modules will no longer perform subsequent configuration steps; otherwise, the master control module sends the broadcast instruction "Enter Coding Configuration", and turns on the cascaded signal with slave control module 1, and enters the following steps;

[0045] 4) The master control module judges the current configuration stage. If it is the first stage of configuration, the master control module sends configuration information such as the coding of slave control module 1, the maximum number of single cells, and the maximum number of temperatures. Otherwise, the master control module sends the correct configuration information;

[0046] 5) When the slave control module i (entering for the first time, i = 1) detects that the cascading signal is activated, it accepts the configuration information sent by the master control module;

[0047] 6) After the slave control module i finishes configuration, it sends a configuration information response instruction, and then no longer responds to the configuration information instruction. At the same time, it turns on the cascading signal between the slave control module i + 1;

[0048] 7) After the master control module receives the configuration information response instruction from the slave control module i, it determines whether all slave control modules are configured. If the encoding of the slave control modules is not in an increasing order, the master control issues the encoding and configuration information of the first slave control module i, and repeats steps 5 - 7 until all slave controls are configured, then enters step 8;

[0049] 8) The master control module determines whether the current configuration stage is the second configuration stage. If so, it broadcasts an instruction to exit the encoding mode. After the slave control module responds to the instruction, it sends the correct configuration number and temperature information according to its own encoding. Otherwise, it enters step 9 to execute the calculation of the correct configuration parameters;

[0050] 9) The master control module sends a broadcast instruction to enter the calculation process. After the slave control module responds to the instruction, it sends the maximum single - slave control configuration information according to its own encoding;

[0051] 10) After the master control module receives the acquisition information uploaded by the slave control, it calculates and statistically counts the number of valid voltage and temperature acquisitions, and at the same time compares it with the total number written. If the judgment is consistent, it performs re - configuration of information according to the number of valid acquisitions collected by each slave control module, stores the correct configuration after recombination, and sends a broadcast instruction to enter the second configuration stage. After the slave control module responds, the master and slave re - execute steps 1 - 8; otherwise, it reports a fault until the master and slave modules time out and re - enter step 1.

[0052] In the process of parameter configuration of the present invention, the system encoding and battery installation process are simplified. When assembling the system, there is no need to manually write the configuration information of the slave control module, which effectively improves the system assembly efficiency. And during the configuration process, adaptive parameter configuration is performed according to the actually uploaded parameter information of each slave control module, without the need to associate the installation position sequence of the battery packs, solving the problem of the need to bind the package serial number when assembling different configured battery pack systems, and effectively improving the fault tolerance rate of system assembly. The present invention can effectively detect and process abnormal interactions during the configuration process. Through the timeout mechanism and fault flags, it can timely complete the diagnosis and processing of configuration abnormal states. Through multi - level verification, the error rate is reduced and the stability of encoding configuration is improved.

[0053] Method embodiment:

[0054] An embodiment of the adaptive configuration method for a multi-slave-master battery management system according to the present invention is consistent with the idea of the adaptive configuration method for the multi-slave-master battery management system introduced in the embodiment of the battery management system. Since the method has been completely described in the above-mentioned embodiment of the multi-slave-master battery management system, it will not be elaborated here.

[0055] Embodiment of the device:

[0056] An embodiment of the adaptive configuration device for a multi-slave-master battery management system according to the present invention has a structure as Figure 5 shown, including a memory, a processor, and an internal bus. The processor and the memory complete mutual communication and data interaction through the internal bus. The memory includes at least one software function module stored in the memory. The processor executes various functional applications and data processing by running the software programs and modules stored in the memory, and implements an adaptive configuration method for a multi-slave-master battery management system introduced in the multi-slave-master battery management system of the present invention.

[0057] Among them, the processor can be a processing device such as a microprocessor MCU or a field-programmable gate array FPGA. The memory can be various memories that store information by means of electrical energy, such as RAM, ROM, etc.; it can also be various memories that store information by means of magnetic energy, such as hard disks, floppy disks, magnetic tapes, magnetic core memories, bubble memories, USB flash drives, etc.; it can also be various memories that store information by means of optical methods, such as CDs, DVDs, etc.; of course, it can also be other types of memories, such as quantum memories, graphene memories, etc.

Claims

1. An adaptive configuration method for a multi - master - slave battery management system, characterized in that, the battery management system includes a master control module and multiple slave control modules, the master control module is connected to each slave control module, and the method includes the following steps: 1) The master control module configures numbers for each slave control module; 2) The master control module sends the maximum single - cell slave control configuration information to each slave control module; 3) Under the constraint of the maximum single - cell slave control configuration information, each slave control module uploads its actual parameter configuration information to the master control module according to the actual data acquisition situation; 4) The master control module compares the actual parameter configuration information uploaded by each slave control module with the written parameter configuration information about all slave control modules. If the comparison is successful, the actual parameter configuration information of each slave control module is used as the correct parameter configuration information of each slave control module; 5) The master control module sends the corresponding correct parameter configuration information to each slave control module to configure the parameters of each slave control module, thereby completing the adaptive configuration of the battery management system.

2. The adaptive configuration method for a multi - master - slave battery management system according to claim 1, characterized in that, the parameter configuration information about all slave control modules in step 2) includes the total number of battery cells and the total number of temperature acquisition points in the battery system, as well as the total number of slave control modules; correspondingly, in steps 3) and 4), the actual parameter configuration information of each slave control module includes the actual number of temperature acquisition points and the number of battery cells corresponding to each slave control module.

3. The adaptive configuration method for a multi - master - slave battery management system according to claim 2, characterized in that, the means for comparison in step 4) is: add up the actual number of temperature acquisition points corresponding to each slave control module to obtain a temperature addition result; add up the actual number of battery cells corresponding to each slave control module to obtain a battery cell addition result; if the temperature addition result is equal to the number of temperature acquisition points and the battery cell addition result is equal to the total number of battery cells, it indicates that the comparison is successful; otherwise, the comparison fails.

4. The adaptive configuration method for a multi - master - slave battery management system according to claim 1, characterized in that, when each slave control module uploads its actual parameter configuration information in step 3), the total number of bits of the configuration information uploaded by each slave control module is equal. The total number of bits is set according to the maximum single - cell slave control configuration information, and each slave control module fills the configuration information bits according to the actual data acquisition situation, and fills the redundant configuration bits with invalid values.

5. The adaptive configuration method for a multi - master - slave battery management system according to claim 1, characterized in that, the master control module is connected to each slave control module through a communication line, and the master control module and each slave control module are cascaded through signal lines in sequence; the method for the master control module to configure numbers for each slave control module in step 1) includes the following steps: Activate the signal lines for cascading in sequence. When one of the signal lines is in the active state, the remaining signal lines are in the inactive state. When the signal line between a certain slave control module and the previous slave control module or the master control module cascaded with the said slave control module is activated, the master control module configures the numbering for the said slave control module through the communication line, thereby completing the numbering configuration of all slave control modules by the master control module.

6. The adaptive configuration method for a multi-slave control battery management system according to claim 1, wherein, before step 1), it further includes a step of verifying the slave control configuration information, and step 1) is only executed when the verification fails. The verification of the slave control configuration information includes: Each slave control module generates a verification code based on its own parameter configuration information and sends it to the master control module; The master control module generates a verification code based on the parameter configuration information of each slave control module stored therein and compares it with the verification codes sent by each slave control module. If they are consistent, it indicates that the verification is passed; if they are inconsistent, it indicates that the verification fails.

7. The adaptive configuration method for a multi-slave control battery management system according to claim 3, wherein, if the comparison fails, set a fault flag.

8. The adaptive configuration method for a multi-slave control battery management system according to claim 5, wherein, the communication line is a CAN communication line.

9. An adaptive configuration device for a multi-slave control battery management system, wherein, it includes a memory and a processor. The processor is used to execute the computer instructions stored in the memory to implement the adaptive configuration method for a multi-slave control battery management system according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. A multi-slave control battery management system includes a master control module and multiple slave control modules, and the master control module is connected to each slave control module, wherein, it further includes a memory and a processor. The processor is used to execute the computer instructions stored in the memory to implement the adaptive configuration method for a multi-slave control battery management system according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

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