Dual-purpose three-car dumper and method of operating the same

Abstract

The application provides a dual-purpose three-car dumper capable of being compatible with various length open cars and an operation method thereof, so that short special open cars can be efficiently dumped without uncoupling, general open cars can be dumped by uncoupling, and when various length open cars are dumped, the cars can be leaned against without crossing the leaning plate. Meanwhile, the new layout design of the pressing head can realize that the pressing head is basically applied to the top of the vehicle bogie and the force is basically uniform. The problems that a large multi-car dumper cannot satisfy the requirement that a single leaning plate is not crossed and leans against open cars of different lengths, and the pressing head cannot satisfy the requirement of the action point position of various open cars are solved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of car dumper, in particular, especially relates to a dual-purpose three-car dumper and its operation method. BACKGROUND

[0002] The large-scale and multi-functionalization of the car dumper is a development trend. The patent "ZL201310128039.7 - large multi-car dumper mainly for special open cars and considering general open cars" invented by Dalian Heavy Industry Wang Jinfu ingeniously solves the compatibility problem of the special open cars on the railway special line and a small amount of general open cars on the railway.

[0003] In the application of the three-car dumper, the patent adopts a three-section design for the short special open car without unhooking, and the rotor of the car dumper is designed as an integer multiple of the special open car. When the long unhooked open car is unloaded, a two-section design is adopted, so that the three-length special open car rotor can accommodate the two-length general open car.

[0004] However, in the specific design of the dual-purpose three-car dumper, it is found that in the case of large changes in the length and width of the unloaded open car, this design has the problem of crossing two sections of open cars with the same relying plate. When the width gap exists between the adjacent two sections of open cars, it cannot rely on all the side columns of the open car that needs to be relied on, and cannot meet the relevant requirements of the national standard for the car relying plate. At the same time, the conventional arrangement of the car dumper pressure head can meet the requirements of a certain type of open car, but when other open cars are used, there are problems such as pressure car position deviation, which cannot meet the relevant requirements of the national standard for the open car pressure.

[0005] For specific reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 the diagram of the existing patent technology "large multi-car dumper mainly for special open cars and considering general open cars" in the application of the three-car dumper and the specific problems encountered in the application;

[0006] Figure 1 In the figure, the length of the car dumper rotor 1 is about three times the length of the short special open railway car, so that the car dumper platform does not interfere with the ground vehicle during the unhooked unloading process;

[0007] Figure 2 In the figure, since the length of the long general open railway car is generally much longer than that of the short special open railway car, when unloading the general open railway car, in order to prevent the length of the long general open railway car from exceeding the length of the car dumper rotor 1, the three-car dumper can at most unload two sections at a time.

[0008] Since the car relying plate needs to rely on all the side columns of the vehicle, in Figure 2 In the figure, in order to meet the car relying requirements of the long open car 3-1, the middle relying plate 5 needs to be designed as a long relying plate.

[0009] In Figure 1 , it can be seen that when the long side plate is leaning against the 2# short special open wagon 2-2, the long end will act on the end of the 1# short open wagon 2-1, and when the width of the adjacent 1# open wagon 2-1 and the 2# open wagon 2-2 is greatly different, it will form a situation where the side plate 5 cannot lean against all the side posts of the 2# open wagon 2-2, which cannot meet the national standard requirement that the side plate must lean against all the side posts of the open wagon and each side post must bear an even force.

[0010] Figure 1 In the , when unloading 3 sections of short special open wagons with equal length, a pressing head is arranged above each vehicle bogie, which realizes the requirement that the pressing head of the railway acts above the bogie of the open wagon and each vehicle bears a basically balanced force; while in Figure 2 , it can be seen that when the 2-section long open wagon is pressed, such a conventional pressing head arrangement has problems such as being pressed on only one side of the vehicle, being greatly skewed, or not being able to press the open wagon. SUMMARY

[0011] According to the above technical problems, a new type of dual-purpose three-wagon dumper and its operation method are provided, which can realize that the side plate does not cross the adjacent open wagon and the pressing head basically acts above the bogie of the vehicle and bears an even force when unloading open wagons of various lengths.

[0012] The technical means adopted by the present application are as follows:

[0013] A dual-purpose three-wagon dumper, the dumper rotor of the dumper is provided with a three-section side plate device for three-wagon dumping abutment, which is respectively an entrance side plate, an intermediate side plate, and an exit side plate;

[0014] The side end of the above-mentioned side plate device is provided with a side plate movable section for extending the lateral abutting surface of the adjacent side plate;

[0015] The above-mentioned side plate movable section is fixed on a telescopic structure, which enables it to move in the thickness direction of the adjacent side plate.

[0016] Further,

[0017] The above-mentioned side plate movable section is installed in a number greater than or equal to 1.

[0018] Further,

[0019] The fixed side plate needs to be added with a side plate movable section, and the side end of the installed side plate movable section is provided with a recessed section for embedding the side plate movable section in the thickness direction.

[0020] Further,

[0021] The above-mentioned recessed section and the corresponding side plate are designed in an integrated manner, and the recessed section and the fixed layer side plate are integrated.

[0022] Further,

[0023] The movable section of the backrest comprises a movable layer backrest, a fixed layer backrest, and a telescopic structure arranged between the movable layer backrest and the fixed layer backrest.

[0024] The fixed layer backrest is integrated with or fixed on the recessed section.

[0025] Further,

[0026] The telescopic structure comprises two or more pairs of movable backrest connecting rods and one or more telescopic cylinders.

[0027] Each pair of movable backrest connecting rods is arranged between the fixed layer backrest and the movable layer backrest in an up-down distribution, and both ends of the movable backrest connecting rod are hingedly connected.

[0028] The movable layer backrest and the fixed layer backrest are arranged in parallel with each other.

[0029] The telescopic cylinder is arranged between the movable layer backrest and the fixed layer backrest, and both ends thereof are hingedly connected, and through the telescopic movement, the movable layer backrest is driven to move in the thickness direction.

[0030] Further,

[0031] The pair of movable backrest connecting rods arranged in an up-down distribution are arranged in parallel with each other, i.e., form a parallelogram structure with the movable layer backrest and the fixed layer backrest.

[0032] Further,

[0033] It also comprises a car tipper press head device for pressing the upper side beam of the open wagon.

[0034] The front end and the rear end of the entrance backrest, the middle backrest, and the exit backrest are arranged with three groups of six pairs of car tipper press head devices, which are respectively press head group I and press head group II at the position of the entrance backrest, press head group III and press head group V at the position of the middle backrest, and press head group VI and press head group VIII at the position of the exit backrest.

[0035] At least one supplementary press head group I is additionally arranged between the press head group III and the press head group V, and at least one supplementary press head group II is additionally arranged between the press head group VI and the press head group VIII.

[0036] Further,

[0037] When the supplementary press head group I is a single group, it is located adjacent to the press head group V at the end.

[0038] When the supplementary press head group II is a single group, it is located adjacent to the press head group VIII at the end.

[0039] The pressure head group V near the outlet plate of the aforementioned intermediate back plate and the pressure head group II near the intermediate back plate of the entrance plate are less than or equal to the length of the upper beam of the general railway open wagon.

[0040] The above-mentioned operating method for a dual-purpose, three-car tipper.

[0041] The movable section of the backing plate is located on one or both sides of the middle backing plate;

[0042] Step 1: Input the open wagon dimensions information, which are then measured in real time via manual, infrared, or visual recognition.

[0043] The length of three adjacent sections of the open wagon to be unloaded determines whether to unhook and unload the three short sections of the special open wagon or unhook and unload the two long sections of the general open wagon.

[0044] Step 2, extending the abutment surface: Based on Step 1, determine whether to unload 3 short special open wagons without unhooking or 2 long general open wagons with unhooking. Confirm whether it is necessary to activate the telescopic cylinder to control the forward extension of the movable layer of the middle abutment plate corresponding to the side abutment plate. By controlling the thickness adjustment of the added part of the middle abutment plate, the lateral extension of the abutment surface of the middle abutment plate can be achieved.

[0045] Step 3: Confirm that the abutment surface is in place. Use a position sensor installed on the moving section of the abutment plate or a length detection sensor installed on the telescopic cylinder to confirm whether the moving layer abutment plate is in place.

[0046] Step four: Based on the confirmation of the contact surface in step three, determine the next unloading action.

[0047] The present invention, employing the above technical solution, designs the backing plate as two parts: a fixed-thickness section and a variable-thickness section. The bridging portion of the backing plate is designed with a variable-thickness structure. When unloading short wagons, this section becomes thinner, with the fixed-thickness section protruding forward to form a short backing plate, preventing the long backing plate from bridging and resting against adjacent open wagons. When unloading long open wagons, the variable-thickness section thickens, forming a long backing plate together with the fixed-thickness section, supporting all the side pillars of the long open wagon.

[0048] The newly designed pressure heads ensure that, whether unloading a 3-section short special open wagon or a 2-section long general open wagon, the pressure heads of each open wagon are basically above the bogie and the force is relatively balanced.

[0049] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0050] The problem of connecting the backing plate when unloading open wagons of different lengths using a dual-purpose three-car tipper has been solved. By combining it with existing technologies, a new type of dual-purpose three-car tipper and its operation method have been formed, which solves the problems faced in efficiently unloading three short special open wagons and compatible uncoupling and unloading two long general railway open wagons.

[0051] The overall structure is very small in modification of the original structure, and can be designed integrally with the original backrest, and has high space utilization rate;

[0052] The overall structure is safe and reliable, and has low cost and subsequent maintenance cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0053] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or the prior art description will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor.

[0054] Figure 1 It is a top view of the prior art in the condition of unhooking and unloading three short cars.

[0055] Figure 2 It is a top view of the prior art in the condition of unhooking and unloading two long cars.

[0056] Figure 3 It is a top view of the present application in the condition of backrest leaning on the car and pressing head pressing the car in the condition of unhooking and unloading three short cars.

[0057] Figure 4 It is a top view of the present application in the condition of backrest leaning on the car and pressing head pressing the car in the condition of unhooking and unloading two long cars.

[0058] Figure 5 It is a sectional view of A-A section. Figure 3

[0059] It is a sectional view of B-B section. Figure 6 Figure 4 In the drawing:

[0060] In the drawing:

[0061] A, movable section of backrest; B, telescopic structure;

[0062] 1, car dumper rotor;

[0063] 2-1, 1# short special open car, 2-2, 2# short special open car, 2-3, 3# short special open car;

[0064] 3-1, 1# long general railway open car, 3-2, 2# long general railway open car;

[0065] 4, entrance backrest;

[0066] 5, middle backrest;

[0067] ​5-1, fixed layer backrest, 5-2, movable layer backrest, 5-3, movable layer backrest connecting rod rear hinge point, 5-4, movable layer backrest connecting rod front hinge point, 5-5, movable layer backrest connecting rod, 5-6, movable layer backrest cylinder rear hinge point; 5-7, movable layer backrest cylinder front hinge point; 5-8, movable layer backrest driving cylinder;

[0068] 6, outlet backrest;

[0069] 7, prior art roll-over machine ram device;

[0070] Rams 7-1, 7-2, 7-3, 7-4, 7-5, 7-6 are prior art, from the inlet to the outlet of the roll-over machine ram;

[0071] 8, roll-over machine ram device of the present application;

[0072] 8-1, ram group I, 8-2, ram group II, 8-3, ram group III, 8-4, supplementary ram group I, 8-5, ram group V, 8-6, ram group VI, 8-7, supplementary ram group II, 8-8, ram group VIII;

[0073] 8-1, 8-2, 8-3, 8-4, 8-5, 8-6, 8-7, 8-8 are the present application, from the inlet to the outlet of the roll-over machine ram

[0074] 100, recessed section. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0075] It should be noted that the embodiments in the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0076] To make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below in combination with the drawings of the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, but not all the embodiments. The description of the at least one exemplary embodiment is actually only illustrative, but not as any limitation on the present application and its application or use. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0077] It is to be understood that the terms so far as the grammar used herein is concerned are to be interpreted in their dictionary meanings and should not be construed to open down with the applicants' intent underlying the term used. It must be noted that, as used in this specification and the appended claims, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" include plural referents unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. Thus, for example, reference to "a component" includes a plurality of such components and reference to "the element" is a reference to one or more elements and equivalents thereof known to those skilled in the art, and so forth. All technical and scientific terms used herein are intended to have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains unless otherwise specifically defined. All patents and other publications identified are incorporated herein by reference for the purpose of describing in detail the embodiments disclosed herein.

[0078] The relative arrangement of parts and steps, numerical expressions, and numerical values set forth in the examples are not intended to limit the scope of the application unless otherwise specifically stated. It is also to be understood that the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale of the actual proportions of the various parts and components shown therein. Techniques, methods, and apparatus known to those of ordinary skill are not discussed in detail because such techniques, methods, and apparatus are not considered necessary as an enabling part of the present disclosure. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific numerical value should be interpreted as merely an example, and not as a limitation. Other examples of the exemplary embodiments can have different values. It is to be noted that like numbers and letters refer to like elements throughout the several views of the drawings and that the exemplar}' embodiments can not reflect the relative size or position of the elements shown in the drawings, and that the exemplar}' embodiments are not intended to limit the scope of the application.

[0079] In the description of the present application, it is to be understood that the orientation or positional relationships indicated by orientation words such as "front, back, upper, lower, left, right", "horizontal, vertical, perpendicular, horizontal" and "top, bottom" are generally based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise specified, these orientation words do not indicate and imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation or be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present application: the orientation words "inner, outer" refer to the inner and outer relative to the contour of each component.

[0080] For purposes of the description hereinafter, spatial relative terms, such as "above", "below", "top", "bottom", "upper", "lower", and the like, can be used to describe the relative position of one element or feature to another element or feature as illustrated in the figures. It will be understood that the spatial relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientations depicted in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures is turned over, elements described as "above" other elements or features would then be oriented "below" the other elements or features. Thus, the exemplary term "above" can encompass both an orientation of above and below. The device can be otherwise oriented (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatial relative terms used herein interpreted accordingly.

[0081] In addition, it should be noted that the use of "first", "second", and the like words of distinction do not connote any meaning of superiority, inferiority, or any other limitation on the scope of the present application. The words are used only to distinguish one element from another.

[0082] As shown in the drawings, Figures 3 to 6 The present application provides a dual-purpose three-car tipping machine, which is provided with three-section tipping plate devices for three-car tipping abutment on the tipping machine rotor 1, namely, an inlet tipping plate 4, an intermediate tipping plate 5, and an outlet tipping plate 6.

[0083] The side end of the tipping plate device is provided with a tipping plate movable section A for extending the horizontal abutment surface of the adjacent tipping plate.

[0084] The tipping plate movable section A is fixed on the telescopic structure B, which enables the tipping plate movable section A to move in the thickness direction of the adjacent tipping plate.

[0085] Further,

[0086] The number of the tipping plate movable section A is greater than or equal to one.

[0087] Further,

[0088] The fixed tipping plate needs to be added with the tipping plate movable section A, and the side end of the fixed tipping plate is provided with a recess section 100 for embedding the tipping plate movable section A in the thickness direction.

[0089] Further,

[0090] The recess section 100 and the corresponding tipping plate are designed as an integral type, and the recess section 100 and the fixed layer tipping plate are designed as an integral type.

[0091] Further,

[0092] The movable section A of the backrest comprises a movable layer backrest, a fixed layer backrest, and a telescopic structure B arranged between the movable layer backrest and the fixed layer backrest.

[0093] The fixed layer backrest is integrated with or fixed on the recessed section 100.

[0094] Further,

[0095] The telescopic structure B comprises two or more pairs of movable backrest connecting rods and one or more telescopic cylinders.

[0096] Each pair of movable backrest connecting rods is arranged between the fixed layer backrest and the movable layer backrest in an up-down distribution, and both ends of the movable backrest connecting rod are hingedly connected.

[0097] The movable layer backrest and the fixed layer backrest are arranged in parallel with each other.

[0098] The telescopic cylinder is arranged between the movable layer backrest and the fixed layer backrest, and both ends are hingedly connected, and through the telescopic movement, the movable layer backrest is driven to move in the thickness direction.

[0099] Further,

[0100] The pair of movable backrest connecting rods arranged in an up-down distribution are arranged in parallel with each other, i.e., form a parallelogram structure with the movable layer backrest and the fixed layer backrest.

[0101] Further,

[0102] It also includes a car tipper press head device 8 that presses down on the top side beam of the open car;

[0103] The front end and the rear end of the entrance backrest 4, the middle backrest 5, and the exit backrest 6 are arranged with three groups of six pairs of car tipper press head devices, which are respectively the press head group I 8-1 and the press head group II 8-2 at the position of the entrance backrest 4, the press head group III 8-3 and the press head group V 8-5 at the position of the middle backrest 5, and the press head group VI 8-6 and the press head group VIII 8-8 at the position of the exit backrest 6.

[0104] At least one supplementary press head group I 8-4 is additionally arranged between the press head group III 8-3 and the press head group V 8-5, and at least one supplementary press head group II 8-7 is additionally arranged between the press head group VI 8-6 and the press head group VIII 8-8.

[0105] Further,

[0106] When the supplementary press head group I 8-4 is a single group, it is located adjacent to the press head group V 8-5 at the end.

[0107] When the supplementary press head group II 8-7 is a single group, it is located adjacent to the press head group VIII 8-8 at the end.

[0108] The pressure head group V 8-5 of the intermediate bolster 5 close to the exit bolster 6 is less than or equal to the length of the upper side beam of the long general railway open wagon.

[0109] The operation method of the dual-purpose three-wagon dumper,

[0110] The movable section A of the bolster is arranged on one side or both sides of the intermediate bolster 5.

[0111] Step one, open wagon size information input, real-time measurement by manual or infrared or visual recognition

[0112] The length of the adjacent three sections of the open wagon to be unloaded, and then determine whether to unload 3 sections of short special open wagons without uncoupling or unload 2 sections of long general open wagons with uncoupling;

[0113] Step two, extension of the abutting surface, through step one to determine whether to unload 3 sections of short special open wagons without uncoupling or unload 2 sections of long general open wagons with uncoupling, confirm whether to start the telescopic cylinder to control the movable layer of the abutting surface of the intermediate bolster 5 to extend the abutting surface of the intermediate bolster 5 on the corresponding side of the movable section A of the bolster, and realize the lateral extension of the abutting surface of the intermediate bolster 5 through the thickness adjustment of the added part of the intermediate bolster 5;

[0114] Step three, abutting surface confirmation, through the position sensor arranged on the movable section A of the bolster or the length detection sensor arranged on the telescopic cylinder to confirm whether the movable layer of the movable section A of the bolster is in place;

[0115] Step four, according to the abutting surface confirmation information of step three, to determine the connection of the next unloading action.

[0116] Embodiment 1

[0117] As shown in the prior art dumper rotor 1, Figure 1 the length thereof is about 3 times the length of the short special railway open wagon, so as to facilitate the unloading process without uncoupling, and the dumper platform does not interfere with the ground vehicles;

[0118] As shown in the prior art, Figure 2 because the length of the long general railway open wagon is generally much longer than that of the short special railway open wagon, when unloading the general railway open wagon, in order to prevent the length of the long general railway open wagon from exceeding the length of the dumper rotor 1, for the three-wagon dumper, at most can unload 2 sections at a time.

[0119] Because the car abutting plate needs to abut against all the side columns of the vehicle, Figure 2 it can be seen that in order to meet the abutting requirements of the long open wagon 3-1, the intermediate bolster 5 needs to be designed as a long bolster;

[0120] In Figure 1As can be seen, when this long backing plate is against the short open wagon 2-2, the extended end will act on one end of the short open wagon 2-1. When there is a large difference in width between the adjacent open wagons 2-1 and 2-2, the backing plate 5 will not be able to rest against all the side posts of the open wagon 2-2. This will not meet the national standard requirements of the railway for the backing plate to rest against all the side posts of the open wagons and for each side post to be subjected to uniform force.

[0121] Because the pressure on the bogies of an open wagon is applied above the bogies and the force is evenly distributed at both ends, the typical pressure layout for a dedicated open wagon is as follows: Figure 1 As shown. In Figure 2 As can be seen, when this conventional layout of the pressure head is applied to a two-section general-purpose open wagon, problems such as the inability to press down on the top of the bogie and uneven force distribution at both ends will occur.

[0122] like Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the tippler rotor 1 is the structure of the tippler used to support and unload vehicles, and all its vehicle fixing mechanisms are mounted on it;

[0123] 1# Short dedicated railway open wagon 2-1, 2# Short dedicated railway open wagon 2-2, 3# Short dedicated railway open wagon 2-3 are three short, uncoupled dedicated railway open wagons that have entered the tippler rotor 1 and are waiting to be tipped over. The three open wagons are of the same length.

[0124] 1# long general-purpose railway open wagon 3-1 and 2# long general-purpose railway open wagon 3-2 are two long uncoupled general-purpose railway open wagons that have entered the tipper rotor 1 and are waiting to be unloaded.

[0125] The entrance support plate 4, the middle support plate 5, and the exit support plate 6 are the support plates of the three-car tipper, and their function is to support the sides of the tipper vehicles.

[0126] The fixed layer backing plate 5-1 is an upgrade of the middle backing plate 5 of the present invention, and the movable layer backing plate 5-2 is installed at one end thereto to form a variable thickness section of the backing plate.

[0127] The movable layer backing plate 5-2 is an upgrade of the intermediate backing plate 5 of the present invention. It is installed on the fixed layer backing plate 5-1 to form a variable thickness segment of the backing plate.

[0128] The hinge point 5-3 of the movable layer back plate connecting rod is a hinge point set on the fixed layer back plate 5-1. There are two pairs on the top and bottom, which are connected to the movable layer back plate connecting rod 5-5.

[0129] The front hinge point 5-4 of the movable layer back plate connecting rod is a hinge point set on the obtained layer back plate 5-2. There are two pairs of them, one above the other, which are connected to the movable layer back plate connecting rod 5-5.

[0130] The movable layer backrest connecting rod 5-5 connects the fixed layer backrest 5-1 and the movable layer backrest 5-2. It connects the fixed layer backrest 5-1 and the movable layer backrest 5-2 via the rear hinge point 5-3 and the front hinge point 5-4. The upper and lower connecting rods form a parallelogram, ensuring that the front of the movable layer backrest 5-2 is parallel to the front of the fixed layer backrest 5-1 during movement.

[0131] The rear hinge point 5-6 of the movable layer back plate cylinder is a hinge point set on the fixed layer back plate 5-1 and is connected to the rear hinge point of the movable layer back plate drive cylinder 5-8.

[0132] The front hinge point 5-7 of the movable layer back plate cylinder is a hinge point set on the movable layer back plate 5-2 and is connected to the front hinge point of the movable layer back plate drive cylinder 5-8.

[0133] The movable layer back plate drive cylinder 5-8 is the drive cylinder for the movable layer back plate 5-2. Through its extension and retraction, it drives the movable layer back plate 5-2 to move along the trajectory formed by the front hinge point 5-4 of the movable layer back plate connecting rod, completing the action of thinning the thickness variation section to avoid the adjacent short 1# special railway open wagon 2-1, and thickening to approach the long 1# general railway open wagon 3-1.

[0134] like Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, the present invention decomposes the part of the middle back plate 5 that overlaps with the short special open wagon 2-1 of No. 1 into two parts: a fixed back plate 5-1 and a movable back plate 5-2. The movable back plate 5-2 can be retracted or extended.

[0135] The working principle of this invention is:

[0136] When unloading short dedicated railway open wagons, three dedicated railway open wagons (2-1, 2-2, 2-3) enter the tippler, and the length of the tippler rotor 1 is basically equal to the length of the three dedicated railway open wagons (2-1, 2-2, 2-3).

[0137] When unloading the three short dedicated railway open wagons (2-1, 2-2, 2-3), the middle support plate 5-2 retracts, and the front of the middle support plate 5 becomes a short support plate, only contacting the side of the short dedicated open wagon 2-2 (2#), avoiding contact with the side of the short dedicated open wagon 2-1 (1#). Then, the three support plates (4, 5, 6) respectively extend to abut against the sides of the three short dedicated open wagons (2-1, 2-2, 2-3), and there is no issue of bridging.

[0138] When unloading the three short dedicated railway open wagons (2-1, 2-2, 2-3), the pressure head group I 8-1 and the pressure head group II 8-2 press down on the bogies on both sides of the first dedicated railway open wagon 2-1, respectively.

[0139] The pressure head group III 8-3, the supplementary pressure head group I 8-4 and the pressure head group V 8-5 are respectively pressed to the upper sides of the bogies of the second section special railway open wagon 2-2; the pressure head group VI 8-6, the supplementary pressure head group II 8-7 and the pressure head group VIII 8-8 are respectively pressed to the upper sides of the third section railway open wagon 2-3.

[0140] The 3-section special railway open wagon is rotated and unloaded by the dumper rotor 1.

[0141] When the general railway open wagon is unloaded, the 2-section general railway open wagon (3-1, 3-2) enters the dumper and is positioned at the outlet end.

[0142] When the 2-section long general railway open wagon (3-1, 3-2) is unloaded, the approach plate 4 at the inlet end is not moved, the two-section approach plates 5 and 6 are respectively approached and abut against the 2-section long general open wagon (3-1, 3-2), then the movable approach plate 5-2 of the middle approach plate is extended, the front of the middle approach plate 5 becomes a long approach plate, holds all the side columns of the long railway open wagon 3-1, and meets the railway requirements.

[0143] Another process for unloading the 2-section long general railway open wagon (3-1, 3-2) is that the approach plate 4 at the inlet end is not moved, the movable approach plate 5-2 of the middle approach plate 5 is extended to be flush with the front of the fixed approach plate 5-1; the two-section approach plates 5 and 6 are respectively approached and abut against the 2-section long general open wagon (3-1, 3-2), and hold all the side columns of the long railway open wagon 3-1, meeting the railway requirements.

[0144] The pressure head group II 8-2 and the pressure head group III 8-3 are respectively pressed to the two ends of the first section general railway open wagon 3-1, the supplementary pressure head group I 8-4 and the pressure head group V 8-5 are respectively pressed to the two ends of the first section general railway open wagon 3-1, the pressure head group VI 8-6, the supplementary pressure head group II 8-7 and the pressure head group VIII 8-8 are respectively pressed to the two ends of the second section general railway open wagon 3-2, and the pressure head group I 8-1 does not act on the first section general railway open wagon 3-1. Thus, the requirements of being basically pressed to the upper side of the bogie and the force balance at the two ends are met.

[0145] After the 2-section general railway open wagon (3-1, 3-2) is fixed, the dumper rotor 1 rotates to unload the 2-section general railway open wagon.

[0146] Figure 5 、 Figure 6 One of the application examples of the action of the present application.

[0147] When the short special railway open wagon is unloaded, the movable approach plate 5-8 is shortened, the movable approach plate 5-2 is driven to move backward along the track formed by the parallel four-bar linkage 5-5, so that the front of the movable approach plate 5-2 is retracted to the rear side of the fixed approach plate 5, forming a short approach plate; the dumper pressure head device 8 is downwardly actuated to press the top side sill of the open wagon.

[0148] When the long general railway open wagon is unloaded, the movable backrest 5-8 is extended, drives the movable backrest 5-2 to move forward along the track formed by the parallel four-bar linkage 5-5, so that the front of the movable backrest 5-2 is extended to the same plane of the fixed backrest 5, forming a long backrest. The press head device 8 of the dumper is actuated downward to press the top rail of the open wagon.

[0149] Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, and are not limited thereto; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that: it can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or make equivalent replacement for part or all of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A dual-purpose three-car dumper, wherein a three-section backplate device for three-car dumper abutting is installed on a dumper rotor (1) of the dumper, and the three-section backplate device is respectively an entrance backplate (4), an intermediate backplate (5), and an exit backplate (6); a side end of the backplate device is provided with a backplate movable section (A) for extending a lateral abutting surface of an adjacent backplate; the backplate movable section (A) is fixed on a telescopic structure (B), and the telescopic structure (B) enables the backplate movable section (A) to move in a thickness direction of an adjacent backplate; the backplate movable section (A) comprises a movable layer backplate, a fixed layer backplate, and the telescopic structure (B) arranged between the movable layer backplate and the fixed layer backplate; the fixed layer backplate is integrated with or fixed on a recess section (100); the telescopic structure (B) comprises two or more pairs of movable backplate connecting rods and one or more telescopic cylinders; each pair of movable backplate connecting rods is arranged between the fixed layer backplate and the movable layer backplate in a vertical distribution, and both ends of the movable backplate connecting rod are hingedly connected; the movable layer backplate and the fixed layer backplate are arranged in parallel to each other; the telescopic cylinder is arranged between the movable layer backplate and the fixed layer backplate, and both ends of the telescopic cylinder are hingedly connected, and the telescopic cylinder drives the movable layer backplate to move in the thickness direction through telescopic movement; the pair of movable backplate connecting rods arranged in the vertical distribution are arranged in parallel to each other, and form a parallelogram structure with the movable layer backplate and the fixed layer backplate; further comprising a dumper pressure head device (8) for pressing a top side beam of an open wagon downward; the entrance backplate (4), the intermediate backplate (5), and the exit backplate (6) are respectively provided with three groups of six pairs of dumper pressure head devices at front ends and rear ends, and the three groups of six pairs of dumper pressure head devices are respectively a pressure head group I (8-1) and a pressure head group II (8-2) at a position of the entrance backplate (4), a pressure head group III (8-3) and a pressure head group V (8-5) at a position of the intermediate backplate (5), and a pressure head group VI (8-6) and a pressure head group VIII (8-8) at a position of the exit backplate (6); at least one supplemental pressure head group I (8-4) is additionally arranged between the pressure head group III (8-3) and the pressure head group V (8-5), and at least one supplemental pressure head group II (8-7) is additionally arranged between the pressure head group VI (8-6) and the pressure head group VIII (8-8); when the supplemental pressure head group I (8-4) is a single group, the supplemental pressure head group I (8-4) is located adjacent to the pressure head group V (8-5) at an end portion; when the supplemental pressure head group II (8-7) is a single group, the supplemental pressure head group II (8-7) is located adjacent to the pressure head group VIII (8-8) at an end portion; a length of the pressure head group V (8-5) at a position of the intermediate backplate (5) adjacent to the exit backplate (6) and a length of the pressure head group II (8-2) at a position of the entrance backplate (4) adjacent to the intermediate backplate (5) is less than or equal to a length of an upper side beam of a general railway open wagon. characterized in that 2.The dual-purpose three-car dumper according to claim 1, characterized in that: a number of the backplate movable section (A) is greater than or equal to one. 3.The dual-purpose three-car dumper according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: a fixed backplate of the backplate movable section (A) is additionally arranged, and a recess section (100) for embedding and installing the backplate movable section (A) in a thickness direction is arranged at a side end of the backplate movable section (A). ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ 4. The dual-purpose three-car dumper according to claim 3, characterized in that: The recess section (100) and the corresponding back plate are designed in an integrated manner.

5. The operating method of the dual-purpose three-car dumper according to claim 1, characterized in that: The movable section (A) of the back plate is arranged on one side or both sides of the middle back plate (5); Step 1: Open car size information input, real-time measurement by manual or infrared vision recognition; The length of the adjacent three sections of the open car to be unloaded, and then determine whether to unload the special open car with three short sections without uncoupling or the general open car with two long sections with uncoupling; Step 2: Extension of the abutting surface, determine whether to unload the special open car with three short sections or the general open car with two long sections with uncoupling, confirm whether to start the telescopic cylinder to control the movable layer of the movable section (A) of the back plate on the corresponding side of the middle back plate (5) to extend forward, and adjust the thickness of the added part of the middle back plate (5) to realize the lateral extension of the abutting surface of the middle back plate (5); Step 3: Abutting surface confirmation, confirm whether the movable layer of the movable section (A) of the back plate is in place through the position sensor arranged on the movable section (A) of the back plate or the length detection sensor arranged on the telescopic cylinder; Step 4: According to the abutting surface confirmation information in step 3, determine the connection of the next unloading action.

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