Pre-buried drainage structure of tailing pond

Abstract

The application discloses a pre-buried seepage drainage structure of a tailing pond, which is provided with a plurality of seepage drainage main pipes obliquely buried in each level of accumulation sub-dam of the tailing pond and a soft filter pipe vertically connecting liquid inlet ends of the seepage drainage main pipes; the seepage drainage main pipe comprises a seepage water leading-out pipe buried in the accumulation sub-dam, a seepage collecting device connected with the liquid inlet end of the leading-out pipe and a seepage collecting flower pipe connected with the liquid inlet end of the device, and the liquid inlet end of the seepage collecting flower pipe is vertically connected with the soft filter pipe; the liquid outlet end of the seepage water leading-out pipe extends to a road drainage ditch; the seepage collecting device is arranged in the minimum dry beach range of the tailing pond; the seepage collecting flower pipe extends from 2-3 m away from the minimum dry beach line of the tailing pond to 5-10 m into the buried dry beach range. The application realizes a seepage drainage structure setting mode with a simpler process, greatly improves the drainage efficiency and drainage intensity of seepage water in the accumulation dam, effectively solves the accumulation problem of the seepage water in the dam in a high-efficiency, comprehensive and low-cost mode, and ensures the safe and stable operation of the tailing pond.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of seepage drainage technology for tailings dams, and more particularly to a pre-buried seepage drainage structure for tailings ponds. Background Technology

[0002] Tailings dams, as key safety entities under national supervision, have always been a focus of attention due to their subsequent seepage issues. Upstream tailings dams typically have tailings slurry uniformly dispersed discharge facilities installed at the top of the dam. During the gravity flow of the tailings slurry across the dam surface, coarse-grained tailings first settle in the area in front of the dam, forming a dry beach, while fine-grained tailings form wet beaches or become suspended solids in the tailings water in the middle and rear of the dam area. If a flood enters the dam, during flood control operations, parts of the dry beach near the waterline will be buried. The difference between the operational dry beach length and the buried dry beach length is the minimum dry beach length. The degree of consolidation of the tailings in the dam area and the height of the phreatic line within it are two important safety factors affecting tailings dams. Minimizing the height of the phreatic line can significantly improve the stability of tailings dams. To drain seepage from the dam area, the main methods currently used are: drilling horizontal holes downstream of the dam face and installing seepage drainage pipes into the dam using a borehole jacking method; or excavating the dam and dry beach, burying the seepage drainage pipes, and then backfilling. Both methods are complex, costly, and pose safety hazards. Furthermore, they only drain seepage from the area surrounding the drainage pipes and cannot drain large areas of internal seepage, thus limiting their effectiveness.

[0003] Therefore, how to quickly, extensively, and cost-effectively drain seepage water from tailings dams, improve their stability, and ensure the safe operation of tailings ponds has become a pressing technical problem for safety professionals in this field. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to address the problem of slow and effective drainage of tailings dam seepage. It employs an upstream tailings dam design where longitudinal drainage mains and multiple rows of transverse drainage plates are gradually pre-embedded as the dam height increases. This solves a series of problems, including difficulties in drilling and jacking within the tailings accumulation, dam instability due to excavation disturbance, high construction costs, complex procedures, and poor drainage performance. This method is a one-time solution, simple and feasible, highly effective, and has broad prospects, and can be widely promoted both domestically and internationally.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0006] A tailings dam pre-buried seepage structure, the structure comprising a plurality of seepage main pipes inclinedly buried in the various levels of the tailings dam and a flexible filter pipe vertically connected to the liquid inlet end of the plurality of seepage main pipes.

[0007] The main drainage pipe includes a seepage outlet pipe buried within the sub-dam, a seepage collection device connected to the inlet end of the seepage outlet pipe, and a seepage collection conduit connected to the inlet end of the seepage collection device; wherein...

[0008] The outlet end of the seepage outlet pipe extends to the horse path drainage ditch.

[0009] The seepage collection device is located within the minimum dry beach area of ​​the tailings dam; the seepage collection device includes a seepage collection pipe connected to the liquid inlet end of the seepage outlet pipe and several seepage discharge plates arranged side by side along the extension direction of the seepage collection pipe, which are vertically connected to both sides of the seepage collection pipe.

[0010] The infiltration pipe extends from 2-3m in front of the minimum dry beach line of the tailings dam to 5-10m into the buried dry beach area; the infiltration pipe includes a perforated pipe and a composite geomembrane covering the outer periphery of the perforated pipe; the liquid inlet end of the infiltration pipe is vertically connected to the flexible filter pipe.

[0011] As a further improvement of the present invention, the drainage plate includes a seepage collection channel arranged in a "sawtooth" shape, a plurality of permeable holes arranged in the middle of the seepage collection channel, a plurality of anti-bending teeth arranged at the bottom of the seepage collection channel, and a stainless steel mesh and a composite geomembrane that are sequentially wrapped around the periphery of the seepage collection channel from the inside out.

[0012] As a further improvement of the present invention, the diameter of the permeable holes is 2-3 mm, and the spacing is 0.2-0.3 m;

[0013] The spacing between the aforementioned anti-bending teeth is 1 to 3 cm, and the length is 1 to 1.5 cm.

[0014] As a further improvement of the present invention, the spacing between the plurality of drainage plates is 5-8m; the width of the drainage plate is 10-12cm, the length is ≤15m, and the thickness is 2.5-3.5cm.

[0015] As a further improvement of the present invention, the slope of the drainage main pipe is 3-5‰.

[0016] As a further improvement of the present invention, the slope of the drainage plate connected to the infiltration pipe is 5-8‰.

[0017] As a further improvement of the present invention, the diameter of the seepage outlet pipe, the seepage collection pipe and the perforated flower pipe is set to 160-250mm.

[0018] As a further improvement of the present invention, the upper half of the perforated tube is evenly provided with a plurality of water-permeable holes with a diameter of 2 to 3 mm, and the spacing between the plurality of water-permeable holes is 0.2 to 0.3 m.

[0019] As a further improvement of the present invention, the spacing between several drainage main pipes buried in the same level of the tailings dam is greater than 50m.

[0020] The height difference between the main drainage pipes buried in the tailings dams at all levels is greater than 5m.

[0021] As a further improvement of the present invention, the seepage outlet pipe is buried in the solidified end sand of the sub-dam through a crushed stone protective layer surrounding the seepage outlet pipe.

[0022] The technical effects and advantages of this invention are as follows:

[0023] The tailings dam pre-buried drainage structure of the present invention includes a plurality of drainage main pipes inclinedly buried in the various sub-dams of the tailings dam, and flexible filter pipes vertically connected to the inlet ends of the drainage main pipes; wherein, the drainage main pipes include a seepage outlet pipe buried in the sub-dam, a seepage collection device connected to the inlet end of the seepage outlet pipe, and a seepage collection perforated pipe connected to the inlet end of the seepage collection device; the outlet end of the seepage outlet pipe is extended to the drainage ditch; the seepage collection device is set within the minimum dry beach area of ​​the tailings dam; and the seepage collection device includes a seepage collection pipe connected to the inlet end of the seepage outlet pipe and a plurality of drainage plates vertically connected to both sides of the seepage collection pipe and arranged side by side along the extension direction of the seepage collection pipe; at the same time, the seepage collection perforated pipe is set from 2-3m in front of the minimum dry beach line of the tailings dam to 5-10m into the buried dry beach area; and the seepage collection perforated pipe includes a perforated perforated pipe and a composite geomembrane covering the outer periphery of the perforated perforated perforated pipe; the inlet end of the seepage collection perforated pipe is vertically connected to the flexible filter pipe. This method achieves a simpler drainage structure, greatly improving the efficiency and effectiveness of drainage of seepage water within the tailings dam. As a result, it effectively solves the problem of seepage water accumulation within the dam in a highly efficient, comprehensive, and low-cost manner, ensuring the safe and stable operation of the tailings dam.

[0024] Other features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the following description, and will be apparent in part from the description, or may be learned by practicing the invention. The objects and other advantages of the invention can be realized and obtained by means of the structures pointed out in the description and its drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the tailings dam pre-buried drainage structure arranged within the tailings dam according to the present invention.

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the pre-buried drainage structure of the tailings dam according to the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the drainage plate of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the infiltration pipe of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the seepage outlet pipe of the present invention buried in the sub-dam.

[0030] Figure Labels

[0031] 1. Horse path; 2. Horse path drainage ditch; 3. Accumulated sub-dam; 4. Solidified tailings; 5. Tailwater area; 6. Uniformly dispersed tailwater discharge device; 7. Seepage outlet pipe; 8. Seepage collection pipe; 9. Seepage collection perforated pipe; 10. Crushed stone protective layer; 11. Triangular support; 12. Drainage board; 13. Seepage collection trough; 14. Stainless steel mesh; 15. Composite geomembrane; 16. Permeable hole; 17. Bending tooth; 18. Perforated perforated pipe; 19. Flexible filter pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] To address the problems of difficult and slow drainage in existing tailings dam drainage structures, and the complex and costly procedures of conventional outlet pipe installation methods, this invention discloses an improved pre-buried drainage structure for tailings dams, aiming to improve the stability of tailings dams. (See attached text.) Figure 1 As shown, the slope ratio of each stage of the tailings dam is typically set at 1:5. It mainly consists of a walkway 1, a walkway drainage ditch 2, and multiple sub-dams 3. The typical stacking height is 5m-10m, and the walkway width is 5m-10m. A uniformly dispersed tailings discharge device 6 is installed on the top of the later-stage tailings dam for discharging tailings slurry, while the middle and rear parts of the dam area form a tailwater zone 5. The pre-buried drainage structure of the tailings dam designed in this invention can be found in [reference needed]. Figure 2As shown, it mainly includes several drainage main pipes buried at an inclined slope of 3-5‰ in the various levels of the tailings dam 3, and flexible filter pipes 19 vertically connected to the inlet ends of the drainage main pipes; wherein, the height difference between the drainage main pipes buried in the various levels of the tailings dam 3 should be greater than 5m; and the spacing between the drainage main pipes buried in the same level of the tailings dam 3 should be greater than 50m, so that the drainage main pipes can be arranged vertically and horizontally in the tailings dam to fully collect the seepage water in the dam. The main drainage pipe includes a seepage outlet pipe 7 buried in the sub-dam 3, a seepage collection device connected to the inlet end of the seepage outlet pipe 7, and a seepage collection flower pipe 9 connected to the inlet end of the seepage collection device; wherein, the outlet end of the seepage outlet pipe 7 extends to the dam drainage ditch 2; in this way, the seepage water collected in the dam through the flexible filter pipe 19, the seepage collection flower pipe 9 and the seepage collection device in the middle can all be collected into the seepage outlet pipe 7, and then discharged into the dam drainage ditch 2 and discharged out of the tailings pond.

[0034] Specifically, to further ensure the overall drainage effect of the tailings dam, this invention sets up targeted seepage collection devices for different seepage areas. Specifically, a seepage collection device is installed within the minimum dry beach area of ​​the tailings dam. This device mainly includes a seepage collection pipe 8 connected to the inlet end of the seepage outlet pipe 7, and several drainage plates 12 arranged side-by-side along the extension direction of the seepage collection pipe 8, vertically connected to both sides. The seepage collection perforated pipe 9 is designed to extend from 2-3 meters before the minimum dry beach line of the tailings dam to 5-10 meters into the buried dry beach area, mainly used to collect runoff from the buried dry beach area during floods. The inlet end of the seepage collection perforated pipe 9 is vertically connected to a flexible filter pipe 19.

[0035] In actual construction, the seepage outlet pipe 7 can be used during the construction of each stage of the accumulation sub-dam 3, as follows: Figure 5 The crushed stone protective layer 10 shown is arranged around the perimeter of the tailings dam 3 for protection, pre-embedded in the solidified tailings 4. Furthermore, as the seepage outlet pipe 7, seepage collection pipe 8, and seepage collection flower pipe 9 gradually extend towards the reservoir, the in-reservoir ends of these pipes can be supported on the beach surface using triangular supports 11 made of waterproof wooden strips. As the tailings accumulation surface gradually rises, these pipes are gradually buried in the solidified tailings 4. Just before the tailings accumulation surface continues to rise and is about to bury the in-reservoir ends of these pipes, they are extended further into the reservoir. This process is repeated until the seepage collection flower pipe 9 reaches the required beach surface position. This avoids the difficulties of pipe jacking caused by drilling into the tailings accumulation later, and also avoids the dam instability problem easily caused by excavation and disturbance of the tailings filling, thus providing a more permanent and convenient method for installing seepage outlet pipes.

[0036] For details, please refer to Figure 3As shown, the drainage plate 12 in this invention can be configured to include: a seepage collection channel 13 arranged in a "sawtooth" shape, a plurality of permeable holes 16 disposed in the middle of the seepage collection channel 13, and a plurality of anti-bending teeth 17 disposed at the bottom of the seepage collection channel 13. With this configuration, the seepage water collected in the solid tailings of the seepage channel 13 can be discharged into the seepage collection pipe 8 in a timely manner through the plurality of permeable holes disposed in the middle.

[0037] During this period, in order to further enhance the infiltration effect, it is preferable to set the diameter of the permeable holes 16 to 2-3 mm and the spacing to 0.2-0.3 m; the spacing of the anti-bending teeth 17 at the bottom of the drainage plate 12 is preferably set to 1-3 cm, and the length is preferably 1-1.5 cm, so as to increase the strength of the drainage plate 12 as much as possible.

[0038] Furthermore, in order to effectively prevent tailings from entering the drainage plate 12 and clogging the drainage channel or the permeable hole 16, the present invention effectively filters out tailings during the seepage process by sequentially covering the outer periphery of the seepage collection tank 13 with stainless steel mesh 14 and composite geomembrane 15 from the inside out, thus ensuring the device's long-lasting and stable seepage collection capacity.

[0039] Furthermore, in actual construction, the width of a single drainage plate 12 should preferably be between 10cm and 12cm, and the length should not exceed 15m. It can be made of rigid plastic, and the drainage plate 12 should be pre-embedded with a slope of 5-8‰ when connected to the seepage collection pipe 8. The spacing between several drainage plates 12 is preferably 5-8m. Simultaneously, to better meet the seepage collection requirements, the spacing of the drainage plates 12 near the seepage outlet pipe 7 can be appropriately increased, while the spacing of the drainage plates 12 near the tailrace surface can be appropriately decreased. The total number of rows of drainage plates 12 should be controlled to within 10 rows as much as possible. In addition, the width of the drainage plate 12 is preferably 10-12cm, the length ≤15m, and the thickness 2.5-3.5cm. In this way, it is convenient to open an opening of the appropriate size on the upper side wall of the seepage collection pipe 8 along the extension direction of the pipe, and then insert the end of the seepage drainage plate 12 into the opening, and then seal the joint with sealant to collect the seepage water in the seepage drainage plate 12 into the seepage collection pipe 8.

[0040] Furthermore, the infiltration pipe 9 mainly includes a perforated perforated pipe 18 and a composite geomembrane 15 covering the outer periphery of the perforated perforated pipe 18; such as Figure 4 As shown, the upper half of the perforated perforated pipe 18 can be drilled with six permeable holes of 2-3 mm diameter at 15° intervals, with a spacing of 0.2-0.3 m between the holes. The seepage outlet pipe 7, the seepage collection pipe 8, and the perforated perforated pipe 18 can all be made of the same diameter, preferably 160-250 mm, and all can be made of PE material. This significantly reduces the manufacturing cost of this design structure.

[0041] In summary, the tailings dam pre-buried seepage drainage structure of the present invention comprises several main seepage drainage pipes inclinedly buried within the various sub-dams of the tailings dam, and flexible filter pipes vertically connected to the inlet ends of these main seepage drainage pipes. The main seepage drainage pipes include a seepage outlet pipe buried within the sub-dam, a seepage collection device connected to the inlet end of the outlet pipe, and a seepage collection flower pipe connected to the inlet end of the device. The inlet end of the seepage collection flower pipe is vertically connected to the flexible filter pipe. The outlet end of the seepage outlet pipe extends to the drainage ditch. The seepage collection device is located within the minimum dry beach area of ​​the tailings dam. The seepage collection flower pipe extends from 2-3 meters before the minimum dry beach line of the tailings dam to 5-10 meters into the buried dry beach area. This invention achieves a simpler seepage drainage structure setup, significantly improving the discharge efficiency and force of seepage within the tailings dam, thereby effectively solving the problem of seepage accumulation within the dam in a highly efficient, comprehensive, and low-cost manner, ensuring the safe and stable operation of the tailings dam.

[0042] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A pre-buried drainage structure for tailings dams, characterized in that, The structure includes several drainage main pipes that are inclinedly buried in the various levels of the tailings dam (3) and flexible filter pipes (19) that are vertically connected to the liquid inlet end of the several drainage main pipes. The main drainage pipe includes a seepage outlet pipe (7) buried in the sub-dam (3), a seepage collection device connected to the inlet end of the seepage outlet pipe (7), and a seepage collection flower pipe (9) connected to the inlet end of the seepage collection device. The inlet end of the seepage collection flower pipe (9) is vertically connected to the flexible filter pipe (19). The outlet end of the seepage outlet pipe (7) extends to the horse path drainage ditch (2). The seepage collection device is located within the minimum dry beach area of ​​the tailings pond; the seepage collection device includes a seepage collection pipe (8) connected to the liquid inlet end of the seepage outlet pipe (7) and several seepage discharge plates (12) arranged side by side along the extension direction of the seepage collection pipe (8) and connected vertically to both sides of the seepage collection pipe (8). The infiltration collection pipe (9) extends from 2-3m in front of the minimum dry beach line of the tailings dam to 5-10m into the buried dry beach area; the infiltration collection pipe (9) includes a perforated pipe (18) and a composite geomembrane (15) covering the outer periphery of the perforated pipe (18); The spacing between several drainage main pipes buried in the same level of the tailings dam (3) is greater than 50m; the drainage main pipes are arranged vertically and horizontally in the tailings dam. The height difference between the main drainage pipes buried in the tailings dams (3) at each level is greater than 5m; The drainage board (12) includes a seepage collection channel (13) arranged in a "sawtooth" shape, a number of permeable holes (16) arranged in the middle of the seepage collection channel (13), a number of anti-bending teeth (17) arranged at the bottom of the seepage collection channel (13), and a stainless steel mesh (14) and a composite geomembrane (15) that are arranged from the inside to the outside of the seepage collection channel (13).

2. The tailings dam pre-buried seepage drainage structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The permeable holes (16) have a diameter of 2-3 mm and a spacing of 0.2-0.3 m; the anti-bending teeth (17) have a spacing of 1-3 cm and a length of 1-1.5 cm.

3. The tailings dam pre-buried seepage drainage structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The spacing between the plurality of drainage boards (12) is 5-8m; the width of the drainage board (12) is 10-12cm, the length is ≤15m, and the thickness is 2.5-3.5cm.

4. The tailings dam pre-buried seepage drainage structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The slope of the main drainage pipe is 3-5‰.

5. The tailings dam pre-buried seepage drainage structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The slope of the drainage plate (12) connected to the infiltration pipe (8) is 5-8‰.

6. The tailings dam pre-buried seepage drainage structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The diameters of the seepage outlet pipe (7), the seepage collection pipe (8), and the perforated flower pipe (18) are set to 160-250 mm.

7. The tailings dam pre-buried seepage drainage structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper half of the perforated tube (18) is evenly provided with several permeable holes with a diameter of 2-3 mm, and the spacing between the permeable holes is 0.2-0.3 m.

8. The tailings dam pre-buried seepage drainage structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The seepage outlet pipe (7) is buried in the solidified end sand (4) of the sub-dam (3) through a crushed stone protective layer (10) surrounding the seepage outlet pipe (7).

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