TBM abrasion detection preceding knife optical fiber grating sensor inlaying method

Abstract

The application provides a shield machine wear detection leading cutter optical fiber grating sensor embedding method, the shield machine wear detection leading cutter optical fiber grating sensor embedding method, the method comprises the following steps: S1, leading cutter trepanning; S2, inserting a piston guide pipe; S3, installing a grating optical fiber sensor; S4, closing the cutter back end of the sensor mounting hole; S5, injecting liquid epoxy resin; S6, embedding is completed. By adopting the scheme that the grating optical fiber sensor is fixed by epoxy resin, a unified whole is formed, the sealing performance is good, the strength of the epoxy resin after solidification is higher, the fiber core, the epoxy resin and the cutter are effectively worn together, the monitoring data can accurately represent the real wear data, and the epoxy resin pouring does not need to be operated by fire, the structure and function of the optical fiber are not damaged, the bending, deviation and inclination of the grating optical fiber sensor in the detection process are effectively avoided, and the accuracy of cutter wear detection is ensured.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of shield machine sensor installation, in particular to a shield machine wear detection leading cutter optical fiber grating sensor embedding method. BACKGROUND

[0002] Whether it is a soil pressure balance shield machine or a slurry balance shield machine, its tunneling is realized by installing cutters on the cutter head to excavate the rock-soil body. This process will inevitably cause wear to the cutters, and when the wear is too large, it will lead to a series of serious chain reactions such as deterioration of tunneling parameters, shield body jamming, and cutter head damage. Using a grating optical fiber sensor as an effective monitoring means for cutter wear has many difficulties, for example: it is difficult to fix the grating optical fiber sensor on the cutter that rotates with the cutter head; the grating optical fiber sensor is not suitable for being controlled at the center of the cutter, and there is an error in monitoring the wear of the cutter; selecting to fix the grating optical fiber sensor at the center of the cutter, the grating optical fiber sensor is prone to be not fixed firmly and not compact, resulting in bending, deviation and tilting of the grating optical fiber sensor; the grating optical fiber sensor is a precision sensor that is easy to break and damage, and during the process of fixing the grating optical fiber sensor to the cutter, the grating optical fiber sensor is prone to break.

[0003] At present, the Chinese patent CN112798262B discloses a "shield machine cutter head wear monitoring device based on optical fiber grating", which can accurately and timely know the wear of the cutter head of the shield machine. However, it uses ceramic as the plug core, the material has high brittleness, is easy to be damaged during installation, and the ceramic plug core is installed in the screw rod. Since the optical fiber grating has high flexibility and there is a gap between the optical fiber grating and the ceramic, only in most cases the screw rod and the ceramic are worn together with the cutter during work, and the optical fiber grating is not worn due to its good toughness, thereby affecting the actual wear detection result. Therefore, the present application provides a shield machine wear detection leading cutter optical fiber grating sensor embedding method to solve the above problems. SUMMARY

[0004] The main purpose of the present application is to provide a shield machine wear detection leading cutter optical fiber grating sensor embedding method, which solves the problem of difficulty in fixing the sensor of the shield machine wear detection leading cutter.

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present application is: a shield machine wear detection leading cutter optical fiber grating sensor embedding method, which comprises the following steps:

[0006] S1, a hole is opened in the leading cutter, a through sensor mounting hole is opened from the cutting edge to the back of the leading cutter, an injection hole is opened on the back of the leading cutter and located at the side of the sensor mounting hole, and the end of the injection hole is in communication with the bottom of the sensor mounting hole;

[0007] S2, insert the piston guide tube, set a sealing ring on the outer wall of the bottom end of the piston guide tube, and insert the piston guide tube with a hollow interior and an open bottom end from the cutting edge of the leading tool into the sensor mounting hole, while leaving a portion of the piston guide tube outside the sensor mounting hole;

[0008] S3, install the grating fiber sensor, insert the core at the top of the grating fiber sensor from the back of the leading tool into the sensor mounting hole and the piston guide tube, and make the top of the core flush with the cutting edge end of the sensor mounting hole;

[0009] S4, seal the back end of the sensor mounting hole, use sealing glue to paste a sealing sheet on the back of the leading tool, seal the sensor mounting hole, and make the pigtail at the tail of the grating fiber sensor pass through the hole reserved on the sealing sheet;

[0010] S5, inject liquid epoxy resin, connect the reserved injection hole with liquid epoxy resin, and uniformly lift the reserved portion of the piston guide tube until it is completely extracted, use the negative pressure generated to make the liquid epoxy resin enter the sensor mounting hole until it completely wraps the grating fiber sensor;

[0011] S6, inlaying is completed, after waiting for the liquid epoxy resin to solidify, remove the sealing sheet, and use a polishing machine to polish the excess epoxy resin on the cutting edge.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment, the injection hole includes a first injection hole and a second injection hole symmetrically distributed around the sensor mounting hole, and in step 5, liquid epoxy resin is injected into the first injection hole and the second injection hole at the same time, and the negative pressure generated by the uniform lifting of the piston guide tube is used to mix the liquid epoxy resin and wrap the grating fiber sensor.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment, the top end of the piston guide tube is provided with a lifting handle to facilitate uniform lifting of the piston guide tube.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment, an outer limiting ring is provided on the outer wall surface above the piston guide tube, and the diameter of the outer limiting ring is greater than the diameter of the sensor mounting hole.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment, an inner limiting ring is provided on the inner wall surface above the piston guide tube, and the inner limiting ring is located on the same horizontal line as the outer limiting ring, and is used to position the core flush with the cutting edge end of the sensor mounting hole.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment of step 1, the sensor mounting hole is located at the center of the leading tool.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment of step 1, multiple sensor mounting holes and matching injection holes can be provided on the leading tool, and steps 2-5 are repeated, and finally step 6 is performed to install multiple grating fiber sensors on the leading tool.

[0018] This invention provides a method for embedding fiber optic grating sensors in the lead cutter for wear detection in tunnel boring machines, which has the following advantages:

[0019] 1. By using epoxy resin to fix the grating fiber optic sensor, it is easy to form a unified whole with good sealing performance. Moreover, the epoxy resin has high strength after solidification, which effectively ensures that the fiber core, epoxy resin and cutting tool wear together. The monitoring data can accurately represent the real wear data. Furthermore, the epoxy resin pouring does not require hot work and does not damage the structure and function of the optical fiber. It effectively avoids bending, misalignment and tilting of the grating fiber optic sensor during the detection process, and ensures the accuracy of cutting tool wear detection.

[0020] 2. By using a piston guide tube to inject epoxy resin, it is easier to ensure that the grating fiber optic sensor maintains an upright posture under the constraint of the piston guide tube during epoxy resin injection. This avoids the grating fiber optic sensor becoming skewed during epoxy resin injection, which would lead to inaccurate tool wear detection. Attached Figure Description

[0021] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments:

[0022] Figure 1 This is a preliminary cross-sectional view of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the method of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of the grating fiber optic sensor of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of the piston conduit of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the piston conduit of the present invention;

[0027] In the figure: 1 Leading blade; 2 Sensor mounting hole; 3 Grease injection hole; 31 First grease injection hole; 32 Second grease injection hole; 4 Piston guide; 42 Lifting handle; 43 Outer limiting ring; 44 Inner limiting ring; 5 Sealing ring; 6 Grating fiber optic sensor; 61 Fiber core; 62 Pigtail; 7 Sealing plate. Detailed Implementation

[0028] Example 1

[0029] like Figures 1-5 As shown, a method for embedding fiber optic grating sensors in the lead cutter for wear detection of a tunnel boring machine includes:

[0030] S1, the first knife 1 opening hole, from the first knife 1 from the edge to the back of the hole through the sensor installation hole 2, the sensor installation hole 2 is located in the center of the first knife 1, and the first knife 1 is provided with a grease injection hole 3 located at the side of the sensor installation hole 2, and the end of the grease injection hole 3 is communicated with the bottom of the sensor installation hole 2;

[0031] S2, insert the piston guide pipe 4, set the sealing ring 5 on the outer wall of the bottom end of the piston guide pipe 4, and insert the piston guide pipe 4 with hollow inside and open bottom end into the sensor installation hole 2 from the edge of the first knife 1, and leave a part of the piston guide pipe 4 outside the sensor installation hole 2, which is convenient for lifting the piston guide pipe 4 from the outside;

[0032] S3, install the grating fiber sensor 6, insert the fiber core 22 at the top of the grating fiber sensor 6 into the sensor installation hole 2 and the piston guide pipe 4 from the back of the first knife 1, and make the top of the fiber core 22 flush with the edge end of the sensor installation hole 2, wherein the inner diameter of the piston guide pipe 4 is slightly larger than the diameter of the fiber core 22;

[0033] S4, seal the back end of the sensor installation hole 2, paste the sealing sheet 7 on the back of the first knife 1 using sealing glue, seal the sensor installation hole 2, and make the pigtail 62 at the tail of the grating fiber sensor 6 pass through the reserved hole of the sealing sheet 7, and the pigtail 62 seals the hole of the sealing sheet 7;

[0034] S5, inject liquid epoxy resin, connect the reserved grease injection hole 3 with liquid epoxy resin, and uniformly lift the reserved part of the piston guide pipe 4 until it is completely extracted, so that the liquid epoxy resin enters the sensor installation hole 2 under the negative pressure generated by the piston guide pipe 4, and completely wraps the grating fiber sensor 6;

[0035] S6, inlaying is completed, after the liquid epoxy resin is solidified, the sealing sheet 7 is removed, and the excess epoxy resin on the edge is polished clean by using a polishing machine.

[0036] In the preferred embodiment, the grease injection hole 3 includes a first grease injection hole 31 and a second grease injection hole 32 symmetrically distributed around the sensor installation hole 2, wherein the ends of the first grease injection hole 31 and the second grease injection hole 32 are communicated with the bottom of the sensor installation hole 2, and in step 5, the first grease injection hole 31 and the second grease injection hole 32 are injected with liquid epoxy resin at the same time, and the liquid epoxy resin is mixed and wrapped around the grating fiber sensor 6 by the negative pressure generated by the uniform lifting of the piston guide pipe 4, thereby further improving the injection efficiency of the liquid epoxy resin.

[0037] In the preferred embodiment, the top end of the piston guide pipe 4 is provided with an integrally formed lifting handle 42, which facilitates uniform lifting of the piston guide pipe 4.

[0038] In the preferred embodiment, an outer limiting ring 43 is integrally formed on the outer wall surface above the piston guide tube 4, and the diameter of the outer limiting ring 43 is greater than the diameter of the sensor mounting hole 2. When the piston guide tube 4 is inserted into the sensor mounting hole 2, the outer limiting ring 43 is in contact with the leading knife 1, thereby playing a limiting role, avoiding the piston guide tube 4 from penetrating through the sensor mounting hole 2.

[0039] In the preferred embodiment, an inner limiting ring 44 is integrally formed on the inner wall surface above the piston guide tube 4, and the inner limiting ring 44 is located on the same horizontal line as the outer limiting ring 43, which is used to position the fiber core 22 to be flush with the edge end of the sensor mounting hole 2, avoiding the problem of being difficult to flush, and improving the accuracy of detection.

[0040] Embodiment 2

[0041] Further illustrated in combination with Embodiment 1,

[0042] S1, the leading knife 1 is drilled, a plurality of through sensor mounting holes 2 are formed on the edge of the leading knife 1 from the edge to the back, and a grease injection hole 3 is formed on the back of the leading knife 1, which is located on the side of the sensor mounting hole 2, and the end of the grease injection hole 3 is in communication with the bottom of the sensor mounting hole 2. Each sensor mounting hole 2 is provided with a grease injection hole 3 on the side;

[0043] S2, insert the piston guide tube 4, set a sealing ring 5 on the outer wall of the bottom end of the piston guide tube 4, and insert the piston guide tube 4, which is hollow inside and open at the bottom end, into one of the sensor mounting holes 2 from the edge of the leading knife 1, while leaving a part of the piston guide tube 4 outside the sensor mounting hole 2, which facilitates the lifting of the piston guide tube 4 from the outside;

[0044] S3, install the grating fiber sensor 6, insert the fiber core 22 at the top of the grating fiber sensor 6 into the sensor mounting hole 2 and the piston guide tube 4 from the back of the leading knife 1, and make the top of the fiber core 22 flush with the edge end of the sensor mounting hole 2, wherein the inner diameter of the piston guide tube 4 is slightly larger than the diameter of the fiber core 22;

[0045] S4, seal the back end of the sensor mounting hole 2, use sealing glue to paste a sealing sheet 7 on the back of the leading knife 1 to seal the sensor mounting hole 2, and make the tail fiber 62 at the tail of the grating fiber sensor 6 pass through the hole reserved on the sealing sheet 7, and the tail fiber 62 seals the hole on the sealing sheet 7;

[0046] S5, inject liquid epoxy resin, connect the liquid epoxy resin to the reserved grease injection hole 3, and at the same time, uniformly lift the reserved part of the piston guide tube 4 until it is completely extracted, use the generated negative pressure to make the liquid epoxy resin enter the sensor mounting hole 2 until it completely wraps the grating fiber sensor 6;

[0047] S6, repeat installation, repeat steps 2-5 in other sensor mounting holes 2, complete the installation of multiple grating fiber sensors 6;

[0048] S7, inlaying is completed, after waiting for the liquid epoxy resin to solidify, remove the sealing sheet 7, and at the same time, use a sander to polish the excess epoxy resin on the edge surface.

[0049] Thus, multiple grating fiber sensors 6 are installed on the preceding cutter 1 according to requirements, the distortion rate is reduced, the reliability is improved, and the study of cutter eccentric wear and abnormal wear of the cutter is also helpful.

[0050] The above-described embodiments are only preferred technical solutions of the present application, and should not be regarded as a limitation of the present application. The protection scope of the present application should be based on the technical solutions recited in the claims, including equivalent replacement solutions of the technical features recited in the claims. That is, equivalent replacement improvements within this scope are also within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for embedding fiber optic grating sensors in the lead cutter for wear detection of tunnel boring machines, characterized in that, The method includes: S1. The pilot cutter (1) makes a hole, and a through sensor mounting hole (2) is made from the cutting edge of the pilot cutter (1) toward the back of the cutter. A grease injection hole (3) is made on the back of the pilot cutter (1) on the side of the sensor mounting hole (2). The end of the grease injection hole (3) is connected to the bottom of the sensor mounting hole (2). S2. Insert the piston guide tube (4), set a sealing ring (5) on the outer wall of the bottom end of the piston guide tube (4), and insert the piston guide tube (4), which is hollow inside and open at the bottom end, into the sensor mounting hole (2) from the tip of the advance knife (1), while leaving a part of the piston guide tube (4) outside the sensor mounting hole (2). S3. Install the fiber optic grating sensor (6). Insert the fiber core (61) at the top of the fiber optic grating sensor (6) into the sensor mounting hole (2) and piston guide (4) from the back of the pilot blade (1), and make the top of the fiber core (61) flush with the end of the sensor mounting hole (2) near the front edge of the pilot blade (1). S4. Close the back of the sensor mounting hole (2). Use sealant to stick the sealing plate (7) on the back of the first cutter (1) to close the sensor mounting hole (2) and let the pigtail (62) of the fiber optic grating sensor (6) pass through the hole reserved on the sealing plate (7). S5. Inject liquid epoxy resin, connect the liquid epoxy resin to the reserved grease injection hole (3), and at the same time, lift it at a constant speed through the reserved part of the piston conduit (4) until it is completely extracted. Use the generated negative pressure to make the liquid epoxy resin enter the sensor mounting hole (2) until it completely covers the fiber optic grating sensor (6). S6. After the inlay is completed, wait for the liquid epoxy resin to solidify, remove the sealing plate (7), and at the same time use a polishing machine to clean the excess epoxy resin on the surface. The grease injection hole (3) includes a first grease injection hole (31) and a second grease injection hole (32) symmetrically distributed around the sensor mounting hole (2). In step S5, liquid epoxy resin is injected into the first grease injection hole (31) and the second grease injection hole (32) at the same time. The negative pressure generated by the uniform lifting of the piston conduit (4) mixes the liquid epoxy resin and wraps the fiber optic grating sensor (6). An outer limiting ring (43) is provided on the outer wall surface above the piston guide (4), and the diameter of the outer limiting ring (43) is larger than the diameter of the sensor mounting hole (2); An inner limiting ring (44) is provided on the inner wall surface above the piston conduit (4). The inner limiting ring (44) and the outer limiting ring (43) are located on the same horizontal line and are used to position the fiber core (61) and the sensor mounting hole (2) to be flush with the end of the leading blade (1).

2. The fiber optic grating sensor embedding method for the tunnel boring machine wear detection advance cutter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The piston conduit (4) is provided with a lifting handle (42) at the top end, which facilitates the uniform lifting of the piston conduit (4).

3. The fiber optic grating sensor embedding method for the tunnel boring machine wear detection advance cutter according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, the sensor mounting hole (2) is located at the center of the pilot cutter (1).

4. The fiber optic grating sensor embedding method for the tunnel boring machine wear detection advance cutter according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, multiple sensor mounting holes (2) and matching grease injection holes (3) can be opened on the pilot cutter (1), and steps S2-S5 are repeated. Finally, step S6 is performed in a unified manner, so as to install multiple fiber optic grating sensors (6) on the pilot cutter (1).

Images