A drill-milling integrated tool

Abstract

The present application discloses a drilling and milling integrated tool, which includes a tool shank, a tool tip and a tool sleeve assembly. The tool tip is a frustum with a smaller front end and a larger rear end, and the tool tip and the tool shank are integrally formed. The tool sleeve assembly is detachably sleeved outside the tool tip. An axial cutting edge is provided at the bottom of the tool sleeve assembly, and the axial cutting edge is adapted to machine a first machining hole on the workpiece in the front-rear direction. A radial cutting edge is circumferentially provided on the outside of the tool sleeve assembly, and the radial cutting edge is adapted to machine the inner wall of the first machining hole. When the tool sleeve assembly is gradually opened, the radial cutting edge is adapted to enlarge the aperture of the first machining hole. A tool shank driving source is adapted to drive the tool shank to move in the front-rear direction, and drive the tool tip to move forward to machine a second machining hole on the workpiece. The longitudinal cross-sectional shape of the inner wall of the second machining hole is the same as the longitudinal cross-sectional shape of the tool tip. An object of the present application is to provide a drilling and milling integrated tool with high machining speed, higher efficiency and higher machining forming accuracy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of cutting tools, and particularly to a drill-milling integrated cutting tool. Background Art

[0002] For the liquid chromatography - automatic liquid sampling needle to meet the requirement of accurate automatic liquid sampling volume, the dimensional accuracy of the inner hole at the head of the needle is required to be very high. Generally, the inner hole size range is controlled below φ1mm, and the part material is non - metal (such as engineering plastic PEEK material), which is not suitable for other metal part processing methods such as spark perforation and laser. Only the traditional drilling, milling and boring (gang - type automatic lathe) processing method can be used.

[0003] However, for the existing liquid chromatography - automatic liquid sampling needle to ensure the accuracy of the liquid sampling volume, the inner hole at the front end of the needle (i.e., the second processing hole in Figure 2 ) needs to have a high matching accuracy with the piston, that is, the inner hole accuracy needs to be within the range of ±0.03 and the slope within ±0.05°. According to the original process, the inner hole needs to be drilled through and then the angle is bored. Since the cutting tools for drilling and boring are different and not the same processing step, considering the inherent accuracy of the machine tool and the tool clamping problem, it is very difficult to meet the processing requirements and the processing time is too long; in addition, the liquid chromatography - automatic liquid sampling needle also has a first processing hole (as shown in Figure 2 ), so generally reaming processing is also required, and its processing speed is slower, the efficiency is lower, and due to repeated tool changing (the inclined hole boring tool and the reaming boring tool are different), the processing accuracy is also difficult to guarantee, which is a problem that those skilled in the art need to solve. Summary of the Invention

[0004] An object of the present application is to provide a drill - milling integrated cutting tool with fast processing speed, higher efficiency and higher processing forming accuracy.

[0005] To achieve the above - mentioned purpose, the technical solution adopted in the present application is as follows:

[0006] A drill - milling integrated cutting tool includes a tool shank, a tool head and a tool sleeve assembly. The tool head is a frustum with a smaller front end and a larger rear end, and the tool head and the tool shank are integrally formed. The tool sleeve assembly is sleeved on the outside of the tool head in an openable and closable manner. An axial cutting edge is provided at the bottom of the tool sleeve assembly. The axial cutting edge is adapted to process a first processing hole on the workpiece in the front - rear direction. A radial cutting edge is provided on the outside of the tool sleeve assembly in the circumferential direction. The radial cutting edge is adapted to process the inner wall of the first processing hole. When the tool sleeve assembly is gradually opened, the radial cutting edge is adapted to expand the aperture of the first processing hole; a tool shank drive source is adapted to drive the tool shank to move in the front - rear direction, and drive the tool head to move forward to process a second processing hole on the workpiece. The longitudinal cross - sectional shape of the inner wall of the second processing hole is the same as the longitudinal cross - sectional shape of the tool head.

[0007] It is worth mentioning that the drilling and milling integrated tool is suitable for being installed on a sliding headstock lathe for machining. The sliding headstock lathe is different from an ordinary milling machine. Generally, the workpiece rotates circumferentially, and the tool performs axial feeding (machining the inner wall) or vertical movement (cutting off the workpiece or machining the outer wall). In this specific embodiment, the liquid chromatography - automatic liquid sampling needle is made of engineering plastic (PEEK material), which has a first machining hole and a second machining hole. The first machining hole is arranged in the front - rear direction and has the same aperture in the front - rear cross - section. The second machining hole is arranged in the front - rear direction, and its longitudinal section is a trapezoid with a smaller front and a larger rear. The longitudinal section of the inner wall of the second machining hole forms an included angle β, satisfying 3° ≤ β ≤ 5°. Additionally, usually, the aperture at the rear side of the second machining hole is smaller than the aperture of the first machining hole.

[0008] Processing this workpiece using the prior art requires the following processes: drilling a through - hole - boring the second machining hole - enlarging the aperture of the first machining hole. Since these holes are all internal holes, during the machining process using a sliding headstock lathe, it is necessary to rotate the tool turret at the tail of the sliding headstock lathe to replace different tools. Due to the accuracy of the machine tool itself and the tool clamping problem, it is very difficult to meet the machining requirements, and there is also the defect of too long machining time. Further research found that since the second machining hole is arranged in the front - rear direction, its longitudinal section is a trapezoid with a smaller front and a larger rear, and the longitudinal section of the inner wall of the second machining hole forms an included angle β, satisfying 3° ≤ β ≤ 5°. Therefore, it is very difficult to meet the process requirements using a traditional conical - hole drilling and milling integrated tool. Due to its small included angle and long stroke, it is difficult to maintain high process accuracy for the machine, and there is also a risk of tool breakage, causing potential safety hazards. (It is worth mentioning that for existing conical - hole drilling and milling integrated tools, usually, the included angle between the inner walls of the holes that can be machined is required to be greater than 30°, which is very difficult to meet the purpose of machining the second machining hole of the liquid chromatography - automatic liquid sampling needle required by the present invention)

[0009] The machining of the drilling and milling integrated tool of the present application has the following steps:

[0010] S100. The tool sleeve assembly is in a closed state. Use the axial cutting edge provided at the bottom of the tool sleeve assembly and the radial cutting edge provided circumferentially to machine the first machining hole. At this time, it is a primary machining process. In this machining process, the inner diameter size of the first machining hole has not reached the final size.

[0011] S200. Control the tool sleeve assembly to gradually open, and use the radial cutting edge provided circumferentially on the tool sleeve assembly to perform an enlarging process on the first machining hole.

[0012] S300. Use the tool rod driving source to drive the tool rod to move in the front - rear direction, so that the tool head moves forward and machine the second machining hole on the workpiece. Among them, S200 and S300 are secondary machining processes.

[0013] In the above processing, since a sliding headstock lathe is used for processing, the workpiece is in a rotating state, while the cutting tool is stationary in the circumferential direction. Therefore, relative rotation occurs between the workpiece and the cutting tool, thereby achieving the purpose of cutting space and forming the first processing hole and the second processing hole.

[0014] It is worth mentioning that since the tool sleeve assembly is sleeved on the outside of the tool head in an openable and closable manner, and there are various different structures for controlling the opening and closing of the tool sleeve assembly, different inner holes with different inner diameter sizes and different longitudinal cross-sectional shapes can be processed and formed according to different opening and closing angles of the tool sleeve assembly, which can further expand the usage scenarios of the drill-milling integrated cutting tool of the present invention. In addition, since the tool bar driving source is only used in S300 to drive the tool bar to move in the front-back direction, so that the tool head processes the second processing hole, the working load of the tool head is greatly reduced, and it only needs to process the second processing hole in S300 and does not need to participate in the processing of the first processing hole.

[0015] The drill-milling integrated cutting tool of the present invention has the following advantages:

[0016] (1) The original processing procedures are simplified into a primary processing procedure and a secondary processing procedure. During the primary processing procedure and the secondary processing procedure respectively, there is no need to rotate the tool disc or re-clamp the cutting tool, avoiding the positioning accuracy error caused by the tool clamping position and ensuring the concentricity requirement.

[0017] (2) In the secondary processing procedure, the hole expanding and the second processing hole processing procedures can be carried out simultaneously, reducing the processing time. And during the process of gradually opening the tool sleeve assembly, the inner diameter of the first processing hole can be gradually enlarged. In addition, although there will be a gap in the circumferential direction of the tool sleeve assembly during the process of gradually opening the tool sleeve assembly, since the workpiece rotates circumferentially, this gap will not affect the process of the tool sleeve assembly enlarging the inner diameter of the first processing hole.

[0018] (3) Compared with directly using a conical drill-milling integrated cutting tool with a smaller angle, during the process of processing the first processing hole, with a larger cutting depth and more cutting amount, the processing efficiency of the conical drill-milling integrated cutting tool with a smaller angle is low, and due to its structural limitations, problems such as breakage and failure are likely to occur, and there are also large processing errors. Therefore, using the tool sleeve assembly to process the first processing hole first and using a cutting tool with a smaller angle to process the second processing hole has a higher processing efficiency and can reduce problems such as breakage and failure of the cutting tool. (Due to the limitation of the tool sleeve assembly and the reduction of the processing amount it needs to bear)

[0019] Further preferably, a first tool holder and a second tool holder are disposed on the left and right sides of the tool holder assembly in an openable and closable manner. The complete outer wall formed by the combination of the first tool holder and the second tool holder is adapted to be provided with the radial cutting edge, and the complete top formed by the combination of the first tool holder and the second tool holder is adapted to be provided with the axial cutting edge; the inner walls of the first tool holder and the second tool holder jointly define a receiving cavity, and the tool head is adapted to be disposed in the receiving cavity. When the first tool holder and the second tool holder are in a closed state, the longitudinal cross-sectional shape of the inner wall of the receiving cavity is the same as the longitudinal cross-sectional shape of the tool head, and the front end of the tool head is adapted to protrude from the front end of the tool holder assembly.

[0020] Further preferably, the tool holder assembly includes tool seats, and there are two tool seats which are respectively disposed on the left and right sides of the tool holder assembly. The first tool holder and the second tool holder are respectively adapted to be installed on the front sides of the tool seats on the left and right sides; the tool further includes a shock-absorbing sleeve, and the shock-absorbing sleeve is adapted to be fixedly installed on the tool rest. The tool seats are slidably connected to the shock-absorbing sleeve in the left-right direction, and the first tool holder and the second tool holder are simultaneously moved towards each other or away from each other in the left-right direction.

[0021] Further preferably, guiding protrusions are respectively protrudingly disposed on the upper and lower sides of the tool seat, a sliding groove is disposed on the shock-absorbing sleeve in the left-right direction, the sliding groove is matched with the guiding protrusions, and the guiding protrusions are adapted to slide in the left-right direction along the sliding groove.

[0022] Further preferably, a guiding portion is circumferentially disposed around the tool bar. The outer wall of the guiding portion is adapted to simultaneously abut against the inner walls of the first tool holder and the second tool holder, and the slope of the generatrix of the outer wall of the guiding portion is the same as the slope of the generatrix of the inner walls of the first tool holder and the second tool holder; when the tool bar driving source drives the tool bar to move forward, the tool bar is adapted to drive the guiding portion to move forward synchronously, and drive the first tool holder and the second tool holder to move away from each other simultaneously in the left-right direction through the outer wall of the guiding portion, so that the first tool holder and the second tool holder are gradually opened.

[0023] Further preferably, the inner wall of the shock-absorbing sleeve is adapted to define a through cavity, the inner diameter of the through cavity is the same in the front-rear direction, and the inner diameter of the rear part of the through cavity is equal to the outer diameter of the rear end of the guiding portion. A guiding cover is disposed on the top of the shock-absorbing sleeve, a guiding hole is disposed through the middle of the guiding cover, the guiding hole is adapted to communicate with the through cavity, the tool bar body is adapted to pass through the guiding hole and the through cavity, and the inner wall of the guiding hole is adapted to abut against the outer wall of the tool bar body and limit the vibration of the tool bar body.

[0024] Further preferably, the tool shank includes a tool shank body, the tool shank body is integrally formed with the tool head, the guiding portion is sleeved outside the tool shank body, and the guiding portion is detachably connected to the tool shank body.

[0025] Further preferably, the guiding portion is sequentially provided with a guiding section and a driving section in the front-rear direction. The slope of the generatrix of the outer wall of the driving section is the same as the slope of the generatrix of the inner walls of the first tool sleeve and the second tool sleeve. The guiding section is arranged at the front of the driving section, and the slope of the generatrix of the outer wall of the guiding section is greater than or less than the slope of the generatrix of the outer wall of the driving section.

[0026] Further preferably, a working edge is circumferentially arranged on the tool head. The working edge is arranged on the outside of the tool head in a spiral shape from front to back; the generatrix of the tool head forms an included angle α in the longitudinal section, satisfying 3° ≤ α ≤ 5°; a contact surface is arranged at the front end of the tool head. The contact surface abuts against the bottom of the first processing hole after one-time processing is completed. The contact surface is arranged parallel to the cross-section of the tool head, and the contact surface is a plane.

[0027] Further preferably, the tool head and the tool shank body are made of tungsten steel material.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present application are as follows:

[0029] (1) The original processing procedures are simplified into a primary processing procedure and a secondary processing procedure. During the primary processing procedure and the secondary processing procedure respectively, there is no need to rotate the tool disc or re-clamp the tool, avoiding the positioning accuracy error caused by the tool clamping position and ensuring the concentricity requirement.

[0030] (2) In the secondary processing procedure, the reaming and the second processing hole processing procedures can be carried out simultaneously, reducing the processing time. And during the process of the tool sleeve assembly being gradually opened, the aperture of the first processing hole can be gradually enlarged. In addition, although there will be a gap in the circumferential direction of the tool sleeve assembly during the process of the tool sleeve assembly being gradually opened, since the workpiece rotates circumferentially, this gap will not affect the process of the tool sleeve assembly enlarging the inner diameter of the first processing hole.

[0031] (3) Compared with directly using a conical drill and mill integrated tool with a smaller angle, during the process of processing the first processing hole, with a larger cutting depth and more cutting amount, the processing efficiency of the conical drill and mill integrated tool with a smaller angle is low, and due to its structural limitations, problems such as breakage and failure are prone to occur, and there are also large processing errors. Therefore, using the tool sleeve assembly to process the first processing hole first and using a tool head with a smaller angle to process the second processing hole has a higher processing efficiency and can reduce problems such as breakage and failure of the tool head. (Due to the limitation of the tool sleeve assembly and the reduction of the processing amount it needs to bear). Description of the Drawings

[0032] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of a liquid chromatograph - automatic liquid - taking needle tip;

[0033] Figure 2 It is a sectional view of a liquid chromatograph - automatic liquid - taking needle tip, showing the first processing hole and the second processing hole;

[0034] Figure 3 It is a sectional view of a liquid chromatograph - automatic liquid - taking needle tip, showing the first processing procedure;

[0035] Figure 4 It is a sectional view of a liquid chromatograph - automatic liquid - taking needle tip, showing the reaming of the first processing hole;

[0036] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the tool of the present application, showing the tool - sleeve assembly, the tool - tip and the tool - shank;

[0037] Figure 6 It is a partial enlarged view of an embodiment of the tool of the present application, showing the tool - sleeve assembly in a closed state;

[0038] Figure 7 It is a partial enlarged view of an embodiment of the tool of the present application, showing the tool - sleeve assembly in an open state;

[0039] Figure 8 It is a partial enlarged view of an embodiment of the tool of the present application, showing the tool - tip assembly machining the second processing hole;

[0040] Figure 9 It is a sectional view of an embodiment of the tool of the present application, showing the guiding part;

[0041] Figure 10 It is a partial enlarged view of position A of an embodiment of the tool of the present application;

[0042] Figure 11 It is a sectional view of an embodiment of the tool of the present application, showing the first tool - sleeve and the second tool - sleeve;

[0043] Figure 12a It is a sectional view of an embodiment of the tool of the present application, showing the first tool - sleeve and the second tool - sleeve in an open state;

[0044] Figure 12b It is a sectional view of an embodiment of the tool of the present application, showing the tool - tip feeding axially;

[0045] Figure 13A cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the tool of the present application, showing that the first tool sleeve and the second tool sleeve are opened by the drive of the guiding portion 12 and the tool head processes the second processing hole;

[0046] Figure 14 An exploded view of an embodiment of the tool of the present application;

[0047] Figure 15 A schematic diagram of a tool sleeve assembly of an embodiment of the tool of the present application;

[0048] Figure 16 A schematic diagram of a tool head of an embodiment of the tool of the present application, showing the working edge;

[0049] Figure 17 An exploded view of a tool head and a tool shank of an embodiment of the tool of the present application, showing the guiding portion;

[0050] Figure 18 A cross-sectional view of a shock-absorbing sleeve of an embodiment of the tool of the present application, showing the shock-absorbing sleeve;

[0051] Figure 19 A cross-sectional view of a guiding portion of an embodiment of the tool of the present application, showing the guiding section and the driving section.

[0052] In the figure: 1, tool shank; 11, tool shank body; 12, guiding portion; 121, guiding section; 122, driving section; 2, tool head; 21, working edge; 22, contact surface; 3, tool sleeve assembly; 31, axial cutting edge; 32, radial cutting edge; 33, first tool sleeve; 34, second tool sleeve; 35, accommodation cavity; 36, tool seat; 361, guiding projection; 4, shock-absorbing sleeve; 41, sliding groove; 42, through cavity; 43, guiding cover; 431, guiding hole; 100, needle; 101, first processing hole; 102, second processing hole. Detailed implementation manners

[0053] Next, in combination with the detailed implementation manners, the present application will be further described. It should be noted that, on the premise of no conflict, the following-described embodiments or technical features can be arbitrarily combined to form new embodiments.

[0054] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that for the orientation terms, such as the terms "center", "lateral", "longitudinal", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", etc., which indicate the orientation and position relationship are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings. This is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and should not be construed as limiting the specific protection scope of the present application.

[0055] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the description and claims of the present application are used to distinguish similar objects and do not necessarily have to be used to describe a specific order or sequence.

[0056] The terms "comprising", "having" and any variations thereof in the description and claims of the present application are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product or device that comprises a series of steps or units does not necessarily have to be limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but may include other steps or units not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0057] The liquid chromatography instrument - automatic liquid sampling needle 100 is made of engineering plastic (PEEK material) as Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown. It has a first processing hole 101 and a second processing hole 102. The first processing hole 101 is arranged in the front-rear direction and the aperture of the front and rear cross-sections is the same. The second processing hole 102 is arranged in the front-rear direction, and its longitudinal section is a trapezoid with a smaller front and a larger rear. The longitudinal section of the inner wall of the second processing hole 102 forms an included angle α, satisfying 3° ≤ β ≤ 5°. In addition, usually the aperture of the rear side of the second processing hole 102 is smaller than the aperture of the first processing hole 101. Obviously, the first processing hole 101 communicates with the second processing hole 102.

[0058] The inventor of the present application has developed a drilling and milling integrated tool, and one of its embodiments is as Figures 5 to 19As shown, it includes a tool shank 1, a tool tip 2 and a tool sleeve assembly 3. The tool tip 2 is a frustum with a smaller front and a larger rear, and the tool tip 2 and the tool shank 1 are integrally formed. The tool sleeve assembly 3 is detachably sleeved outside the tool tip 2. An axial cutting edge 31 is provided at the bottom of the tool sleeve assembly 3. The axial cutting edge 31 is adapted to machine a first machining hole 101 on a workpiece (i.e., the liquid chromatography - automatic liquid sampling needle 100) in the front - rear direction. A radial cutting edge 32 is circumferentially provided on the outside of the tool sleeve assembly 3. The radial cutting edge 32 is adapted to machine the inner wall of the first machining hole 101. When the tool sleeve assembly 3 is gradually opened, the radial cutting edge 32 is adapted to enlarge the aperture of the first machining hole 101. The tool shank driving source is adapted to drive the tool shank 1 to move in the front - rear direction, and drive the tool tip 2 to move forward to machine a second machining hole 102 on the workpiece (i.e., the liquid chromatography - automatic liquid sampling needle 100). The longitudinal cross - sectional shape of the inner wall of the second machining hole 102 is the same as the longitudinal cross - sectional shape of the tool tip 2.

[0059] It is worth mentioning that this integrated drilling and milling tool is suitable for being installed on a sliding headstock lathe for machining. The sliding headstock lathe is different from an ordinary milling machine. Generally, the workpiece rotates circumferentially, and the tool performs axial feed (machining the inner wall) or vertical movement (cutting off the workpiece or machining the outer wall). The liquid chromatography - automatic liquid sampling needle 100 is made of engineering plastic (PEEK material). It has a first machining hole 101 and a second machining hole 102. The first machining hole 101 is arranged in the front - rear direction and the apertures of the front and rear cross - sections are the same. The second machining hole 102 is arranged in the front - rear direction, and its longitudinal cross - section is a trapezoid with a smaller front and a larger rear. The longitudinal cross - section of the inner wall of the second machining hole 102 forms an included angle β, satisfying 3 ≤ β ≤ 5°. In addition, usually, the aperture at the rear side of the second machining hole 102 is smaller than the aperture of the first machining hole 101.

[0060] Using the existing technology to machine this workpiece requires the following processes: drilling a through - hole (i.e., the first machining hole 101 as Figure 3- Bore the second machining hole 102 - Enlarge the diameter of the first machining hole 101. Since these holes are all internal holes, during the machining process using a sliding headstock lathe, it is necessary to rotate the tool turret at the tail of the sliding headstock lathe to replace different tools. Due to the accuracy of the machine tool itself and the tool clamping problem, it is very difficult to meet the machining requirements, and there is also the defect of too long machining time. Further research found that since the second machining hole 102 is arranged in the front-rear direction and its longitudinal section is a trapezoid with a smaller front and a larger rear, the longitudinal section of the inner wall of the second machining hole 102 forms an included angle β, satisfying 3° ≤ β ≤ 5°. Therefore, it is very difficult to meet the process requirements using a traditional conical hole drilling and milling integrated tool. Due to its small included angle and long stroke, it is difficult to maintain a high process accuracy, and there is also a risk of tool breakage, causing safety hazards. (It is worth mentioning that the included angle between the inner walls of the holes that can be machined by the existing conical hole drilling and milling integrated tool usually needs to be greater than 30°, and it is very difficult to meet the purpose of machining the second machining hole 102 of the liquid chromatography - automatic liquid sampling needle 100 that needs to be machined in the present invention)

[0061] The drilling and milling integrated tool machining of the present application has the following steps:

[0062] S100, as Figure 6 shown, the tool sleeve assembly 3 is in a closed state, and the first machining hole 101 is machined using the axial cutting edge 31 provided at the bottom of the tool sleeve assembly 3 and the radial cutting edge 32 provided circumferentially as Figure 3 shown. At this time, it is a primary machining process. In this machining process, the inner diameter size of the first machining hole 101 has not reached the final size;

[0063] S200, as Figure 7 shown, control the tool sleeve assembly 3 to gradually open, and use the radial cutting edge 32 provided circumferentially on the tool sleeve assembly 3 to perform a reaming process on the first machining hole 101 (as Figure 4 shown);

[0064] S300, as Figure 8 shown, drive the tool bar 1 to move in the front-rear direction using the tool bar driving source, so that the tool head 2 moves forward, and machine the second machining hole 102 on the workpiece (i.e., the liquid chromatography - automatic liquid sampling needle 100) (as Figure 2 shown), where S200 and S300 are secondary machining processes.

[0065] In the above machining process, since machining is performed using a sliding headstock lathe, the workpiece is in a rotating state, while the tool is in a stationary state circumferentially. Therefore, relative rotation will occur between the workpiece and the tool, so as to achieve the purpose of cutting space and forming the first machining hole 101 and the second machining hole 102.

[0066] It is worth mentioning that since the tool holder assembly 3 is openably sleeved outside the tool bit 2, and there are various different structures for controlling the opening and closing of the tool holder assembly 3, different inner holes with different inner diameter sizes and different longitudinal cross-sectional shapes can be machined according to different opening and closing angles of the tool holder assembly 3, which can further expand the usage scenarios of the drilling and milling integrated tool of the present invention. In addition, since the tool bar driving source is only used in S300 to drive the tool bar 1 to move in the front-rear direction, so that the tool bit 2 machines the second machining hole 102, the working load of the tool bit 2 is greatly reduced, and it only needs to machine the second machining hole 102 in S300, without participating in the machining of the first machining hole 101.

[0067] The drilling and milling integrated tool of the present invention has the following advantages:

[0068] (1) Simplify the original machining process into a primary machining process and a secondary machining process. During the primary machining process and the secondary machining process respectively, there is no need to rotate the tool disc or re-clamp the tool, avoiding the positioning accuracy error caused by the tool clamping position and ensuring the concentricity requirement;

[0069] (2) In the secondary machining process, the hole expanding and the machining of the second machining hole 102 can be carried out simultaneously, reducing the machining time. And during the process of gradually opening the tool holder assembly 3, the inner diameter of the first machining hole 101 can be gradually enlarged. In addition, although there will be a gap in the circumferential direction of the tool holder assembly 3 during the process of gradually opening the tool holder assembly 3, since the workpiece rotates circumferentially, this gap will not affect the process of the tool holder assembly 3 expanding the inner diameter of the first machining hole 101;

[0070] (3) Compared with directly using a conical drilling and milling integrated tool with a smaller angle, during the machining of the first machining hole 101, with a larger cutting depth and more cutting amount, the machining efficiency of the conical drilling and milling integrated tool with a smaller angle is low, and due to its structural limitations, problems such as fracture and failure are prone to occur, and there are also large machining errors. Therefore, using the tool holder assembly 3 to machine the first machining hole 101 first and using the tool bit 2 with a smaller angle to machine the second machining hole 102, the machining efficiency is higher, and problems such as fracture and failure of the tool bit 2 can be reduced. (Due to the limitation of the tool holder assembly 3 and the reduction of the machining amount it needs to bear)

[0071] Further preferably, as Figures 6 to 8As shown, first tool carrier 33 and second tool carrier 34 are disposed on the left and right sides of tool carrier assembly 3 in an openable and closable manner. A complete outer wall formed by the combination of first tool carrier 33 and second tool carrier 34 is adapted to be provided with a radial cutting edge 32, and a complete top formed by the combination of first tool carrier 33 and second tool carrier 34 is adapted to be provided with an axial cutting edge 31; inner walls of first tool carrier 33 and second tool carrier 34 jointly define a receiving cavity 35, and tool head 2 is adapted to be disposed in receiving cavity 35. When first tool carrier 33 and second tool carrier 34 are in a closed state (as Figure 11 shown), a longitudinal cross-sectional shape of the inner wall of receiving cavity 35 is the same as a longitudinal cross-sectional shape of tool head 2, and a front end of tool head 2 is adapted to protrude from a front end of tool carrier assembly 3 (as Figure 10 shown). It is worth mentioning that the formed outer wall as Figure 6 shown forms a complete axial cutting edge 31 and a complete radial cutting edge 32. Shapes and structures of axial cutting edge 31 and radial cutting edge 32 are both prior arts, which are convenient for tool to machine an inner hole, and details are not described herein.

[0072] Providing first tool carrier 33 and second tool carrier 34 makes it more convenient for tool carrier assembly 3 to be in an openable and closable state. And when in a closed state, the longitudinal cross-sectional shape of the inner wall of receiving cavity 35 is the same as the longitudinal cross-sectional shape of tool head 2. Therefore, during one machining, vibration received by tool head 2 is reduced, problems such as deformation and fracture of tool head 2 are prevented, and service life of tool head 2 with a relatively small and thin angle is prolonged. In addition, by making the front end of tool head 2 protrude from the front end of tool carrier assembly 3, during one machining process, with tool head 2 as a fulcrum, the rotational concentricity of tool carrier assembly 3 can be higher, and jitter of tool carrier assembly 3 can be reduced.

[0073] Further preferably, as Figure 15 shown, tool carrier assembly 3 includes tool seats 36. There are two tool seats 36, which are respectively disposed on the left and right sides of tool carrier assembly 3, and first tool carrier 33 and second tool carrier 34 are respectively adapted to be installed on the front sides of tool seats 36 on the left and right sides; the tool further includes a shock-absorbing sleeve 4 (as Figure 5 and Figure 7 shown), shock-absorbing sleeve 4 is adapted to be fixedly installed on a tool rest, and tool seat 36 is slidably connected with shock-absorbing sleeve 4 in the left-right direction, so that first tool carrier 33 and second tool carrier 34 move towards each other or away from each other simultaneously in the left-right direction.

[0074] It is worth mentioning that first tool carrier 33 and second tool carrier 34 moving towards each other simultaneously in the left-right direction means that first tool carrier 33 and second tool carrier 34 move towards a closed state; first tool carrier 33 and second tool carrier 34 moving away from each other simultaneously in the left-right direction means that first tool carrier 33 and second tool carrier 34 move towards an open state, as Figure 7 shown.

[0075] The tool holder 36 and the shock-absorbing sleeve 4 are provided, and the shock-absorbing sleeve 4 is fixedly installed on the tool rest. There are two advantages. Firstly, since the shock-absorbing sleeve 4 is fixedly installed on the tool rest, it can reduce the vibration of the tool. Since the depth of the workpiece to be machined is relatively deep and the aperture is relatively small, it is necessary to control the vibration of the tool. Secondly, it is more convenient to control the openable and closable state of the tool sleeve assembly 3, which enables the first tool sleeve 33 and the second tool sleeve 34 to move towards each other or away from each other simultaneously in the left-right direction, making it more convenient to machine the first machining hole 101 (straight hole) with a consistent aperture.

[0076] Further preferably, as Figure 15 and Figure 7 shown, guiding protrusions 361 are respectively protrudingly provided on the upper and lower sides of the tool holder 36, and a sliding groove 41 is provided on the shock-absorbing sleeve 4 in the left-right direction. The sliding groove 41 is mutually matched with the guiding protrusion 361, and the guiding protrusion 361 is adapted to slide in the left-right direction along the sliding groove 41.

[0077] The guiding protrusion 361 is provided for the convenience of machining. By providing the guiding protrusion 361 and the matching sliding groove 41, it is more convenient to control the first tool sleeve 33 and the second tool sleeve 34 to move towards each other or away from each other simultaneously, thereby realizing the opening and closing of the tool sleeve assembly 3. Additionally, a return spring can be provided in the left-right direction to realize the reset of the first tool sleeve 33 and the second tool sleeve 34. Since the setting method of the return spring is prior art and those skilled in the art should be aware of it, it will not be elaborated here. As Figure 12a shows, controlling the first tool sleeve 33 and the second tool sleeve 34 to move away from each other simultaneously to realize the reaming machining of the first machining hole 101 (i.e., the S200 process); as Figure 12b shows, driving the tool bar 1 by the tool bar driving source in the arrow direction, thereby enabling the tool tip 2 to move, and thus machining the second machining hole 102 (i.e., the S300 process).

[0078] Further preferably, as Figure 16 shown, a guiding portion 12 is circumferentially provided around the tool bar 1. The outer wall of the guiding portion 12 is adapted to simultaneously abut against the inner walls of the first tool sleeve 33 and the second tool sleeve 34 (as Figure 9 shown), and the generatrix of the outer wall of the guiding portion 12 has the same slope as the generatrix of the inner walls of the first tool sleeve 33 and the second tool sleeve 34; when the tool bar driving source drives the tool bar 1 to move forward, the tool bar 1 is adapted to drive the guiding portion 12 to move forward synchronously, and drive the first tool sleeve 33 and the second tool sleeve 34 to move away from each other simultaneously in the left-right direction through the outer wall of the guiding portion 12, thereby gradually opening the first tool sleeve 33 and the second tool sleeve 34.

[0079] During this process, the sliding headstock drives the workpiece to rotate, thereby gradually expanding the inner diameter of the second machining hole 102. That is, by using the guiding portion 12 to drive the first tool sleeve 33 and the second tool sleeve 34 to move away from each other in the left - right direction simultaneously, the tool head 2 assembly can extend out of the tool sleeve assembly 3 while completing the machining of steps S200 and S300 (as Figure 13 shown). That is, driving the tool bar 1 axially, so that the first tool sleeve 33 and the second tool sleeve 34 move away from each other in the left - right direction.

[0080] Further preferably, as Figure 19 shown, the guiding portion 12 is sequentially provided with a guiding section 121 and a driving section 122 in the front - rear direction. The generatrix of the outer wall of the driving section 122 has the same slope as the generatrix of the inner walls of the first tool sleeve 33 and the second tool sleeve 34. The guiding section 121 is arranged in the front part of the driving section 122, and the slope of the generatrix of the outer wall of the guiding section 121 is greater than or less than the slope of the generatrix of the outer wall of the driving section 122.

[0081] Setting the driving section 122 and making the generatrix of the outer wall of the driving section 122 have the same slope as the generatrix of the inner walls of the first tool sleeve 33 and the second tool sleeve 34 can make the outer wall of the driving section 122 always contact the inner walls of the first tool sleeve 33 and the second tool sleeve 34 during the opening process of the first tool sleeve 33 and the second tool sleeve 34, thereby improving the stability of the first tool sleeve 33 and the second tool sleeve 34 using the radially cutting edges 32 arranged circumferentially to expand the inner wall of the first machining hole 101 and preventing large vibrations from occurring. Setting the guiding section 121 and making the slope of the generatrix of the outer wall of the guiding section 121 different from the slope of the generatrix of the outer wall of the driving section 122 is to facilitate the machining of the first machining hole 101 with different inner diameters, and to facilitate guiding the movement of the first tool sleeve 33 and the second tool sleeve 34 and finally making them move along the driving section 122. As Figure 19 The dotted line shows the slope of the generatrix of the outer wall of the guiding section 121.

[0082] Further preferably, as Figure 17 shown, the tool bar 1 includes a tool bar body 11. The tool bar body 11 is integrally formed with the tool head 2. The guiding portion 12 is sleeved outside the tool bar body 11, and the guiding portion 12 is detachably connected to the tool bar body 11.

[0083] Making the guiding portion 12 detachably connected to the tool bar body 11 has two advantages: one is to realize the machining of the first machining hole 101 with different inner diameters by replacing different guiding portions 12; the other is that if the guiding portion 12 is worn during continuous use, the worn part can be replaced by replacing the guiding portion 12, which improves the service life of this tool.

[0084] Further preferably, as Figure 18As shown, the inner wall of the shock-absorbing sleeve 4 is adapted to define a through cavity 42. The inner diameter of the through cavity 42 is the same in the front-rear direction, and the inner diameter of the rear part of the through cavity 42 is equal to the outer diameter of the rear end of the guiding portion 12. A guiding cover 43 is provided at the top of the shock-absorbing sleeve 4. A guiding hole 431 is provided through the middle of the guiding cover 43. The guiding hole 431 is adapted to communicate with the through cavity 42. The tool shank body 11 is adapted to pass through the guiding hole 431 and the through cavity 42. The inner wall of the guiding hole 431 is adapted to abut against the outer wall of the tool shank body 11 and limit the vibration of the tool shank body 11. Of course, it is easy to understand that the guiding portion 12 disposed around the outside of the tool shank body 11 also passes through the through cavity 42.

[0085] Making the inner diameter of the through cavity 42 the same in the front-rear direction and making the inner diameter of the rear part of the through cavity 42 equal to the outer diameter of the rear end of the guiding portion 12 is to prevent unnecessary pressure on the shock-absorbing sleeve 4 when driving the tool shank 1 by the tool shank driving source and to cause the outer wall of the guiding portion 12. In addition, making the inner diameter of the rear part of the through cavity 42 equal to the outer diameter of the rear end of the guiding portion 12 can also play a role in reducing the vibration of the tool shank 1 to a certain extent. The guiding hole 431 is of course also provided to reduce the vibration problem of the tool shank 1 during the machining process.

[0086] Further preferably, as Figure 16 shown, a working edge 21 is circumferentially provided on the tool tip 2. The working edge 21 is arranged on the outside of the tool tip 2 in a spiral shape from front to back; the generatrix of the tool tip 2 forms an included angle α in the longitudinal section projection, satisfying 3° ≤ α ≤ 5°; a contact surface 22 is provided at the tool tip (as Figure 10 shown), and the contact surface 22 abuts against the bottom of the first machining hole 101 after one machining is completed. The contact surface 22 is arranged parallel to the cross-section of the tool tip 2, and the contact surface 22 is a plane.

[0087] Setting the contact surface 22 as a plane is to reduce the wear of the tool tip of the tool tip 2 during the machining process. Since the generatrix of the tool tip 2 forms an included angle α in the longitudinal section projection, satisfying 3° ≤ α ≤ 5°, its tool tip angle is small and it is very easy to wear. Therefore, the contact surface 22 is set as a plane.

[0088] Further preferably, the tool tip 2 and the tool shank body 11 are made of tungsten steel material.

[0089] The tool tip 2 and the tool shank body 11 made of tungsten steel material can increase the service life of the tool. Considering that the material to be machined is engineering plastic (such as PEEK), the hardness and strength of the tungsten steel material are both ideal.

[0090] The basic principles, main features and advantages of the present application have been described above. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present application is not limited by the above embodiments. What is described in the above embodiments and the specification is only the principle of the present application. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application, various changes and improvements will occur to the present application, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the present application claimed. The scope of protection required by the present application is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A drill - milling integrated tool, characterized in that: It includes a tool shank, a tool tip and a tool sleeve assembly. The tool tip is a frustum of a cone with a smaller front end and a larger rear end, and the tool tip and the tool shank are integrally formed. The tool sleeve assembly is detachably sleeved outside the tool tip. An axial cutting edge is provided at the bottom of the tool sleeve assembly. The axial cutting edge is adapted to machine a first machining hole in the workpiece in the front-rear direction. A radial cutting edge is circumferentially provided on the outer side of the tool sleeve assembly. The radial cutting edge is adapted to machine the inner wall of the first machining hole. When the tool sleeve assembly is gradually opened, the radial cutting edge is adapted to enlarge the aperture of the first machining hole. A tool shank driving source is adapted to drive the tool shank to move in the front-rear direction, and drive the tool tip to move forward to machine a second machining hole in the workpiece. The longitudinal cross-sectional shape of the inner wall of the second machining hole is the same as the longitudinal cross-sectional shape of the tool tip. First and second tool sleeves are detachably provided on the left and right sides of the tool sleeve assembly. The complete outer wall formed by the combination of the first tool sleeve and the second tool sleeve is adapted to be provided with the radial cutting edge, and the complete top formed by the combination of the first tool sleeve and the second tool sleeve is adapted to be provided with the axial cutting edge. The inner walls of the first tool sleeve and the second tool sleeve jointly define a receiving cavity. The tool tip is adapted to be provided in the receiving cavity. When the first tool sleeve and the second tool sleeve are in a closed state, the longitudinal cross-sectional shape of the inner wall of the receiving cavity is the same as the longitudinal cross-sectional shape of the tool tip, and the front end of the tool tip is adapted to protrude from the front end of the tool sleeve assembly. The tool sleeve assembly includes a tool seat. There are two tool seats, which are respectively arranged on the left and right sides of the tool sleeve assembly. The first tool sleeve and the second tool sleeve are adapted to be respectively installed on the front sides of the tool seats on the left and right sides. The tool further includes a shock-absorbing sleeve. The shock-absorbing sleeve is adapted to be fixedly installed on the tool holder. The tool seat is slidably connected to the shock-absorbing sleeve in the left-right direction, and enables the first tool sleeve and the second tool sleeve to move towards each other or away from each other simultaneously in the left-right direction. A guiding portion is circumferentially provided around the tool shank. The outer wall of the guiding portion is adapted to simultaneously abut against the inner walls of the first tool sleeve and the second tool sleeve. The slope of the generatrix of the outer wall of the guiding portion is the same as the slope of the generatrix of the inner walls of the first tool sleeve and the second tool sleeve. When the tool shank driving source drives the tool shank to move forward, the tool shank is adapted to drive the guiding portion to move forward synchronously, and drive the first tool sleeve and the second tool sleeve to move away from each other simultaneously in the left-right direction through the outer wall of the guiding portion, so as to gradually open the first tool sleeve and the second tool sleeve. The tool shank includes a tool shank body. The tool shank body is integrally formed with the tool tip. The guiding portion is sleeved outside the tool shank body, and the guiding portion is detachably connected to the tool shank body.

2. The drill - milling integrated tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: Guiding protrusions are respectively protrudingly provided on the upper and lower sides of the tool seat. A sliding groove is provided in the shock-absorbing sleeve in the left-right direction. The sliding groove is matched with the guiding protrusion. The guiding protrusion is adapted to slide in the left-right direction along the sliding groove.

3. The drill - milling integrated tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The guiding part is sequentially provided with a guiding section and a driving section in the front-rear direction. The generatrix of the outer wall of the driving section has the same slope as the generatrices of the inner walls of the first tool sleeve and the second tool sleeve. The guiding section is arranged at the front part of the driving section, and the slope of the generatrix of the outer wall of the guiding section is greater than or less than the slope of the generatrix of the outer wall of the driving section.

4. The drill - milling integrated tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall of the shock-absorbing sleeve is adapted to define a through cavity. The inner diameter of the through cavity is the same in the front-rear direction, and the inner diameter of the rear part of the through cavity is equal to the outer diameter of the rear end of the guiding part. A guiding cover is arranged at the top of the shock-absorbing sleeve. A guiding hole is penetrated through the middle of the guiding cover. The guiding hole is adapted to communicate with the through cavity. The tool bar body is adapted to pass through the guiding hole and the through cavity. The inner wall of the guiding hole is adapted to abut against the outer wall of the tool bar body and limit the vibration of the tool bar body.

5. The drill - milling integrated tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tool tip and the tool bar body are made of tungsten steel material.

6. The drill - milling integrated tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: A working edge is circumferentially arranged on the tool tip. The working edge is arranged on the outside of the tool tip in a spiral shape from front to back. The generatrix of the tool tip forms an included angle α in the longitudinal section projection, satisfying 3° ≤ α ≤ 5°. A contact surface is arranged at the front end of the tool tip. The contact surface abuts against the bottom of the first machining hole after one-time machining is completed. The contact surface is arranged parallel to the cross-section of the tool tip, and the contact surface is a plane.

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