A process for uniformly adjusting the allowance before gear grinding

Abstract

This invention discloses a process method for uniformly adjusting the allowance before gear grinding, comprising the following steps: Step S1: Processing the sample according to the set sample processing procedure; Step S2: Obtaining the deformation amount d2 = Δc of the radial concave or convex center of the tooth tip caused by carburizing and quenching of the sample; Step S3: Calculating the tooth allowance pre-compensation amount -ΔCβ = -Δc × sinα based on the deformation amount Δc and the pressure angle α; Step S4: Using the tooth allowance pre-compensation amount -ΔCβ as the drum-shaped compensation amount d3 for hobbing or milling before carburizing and quenching, and performing batch processing of the gears. The process method provided by this invention, by processing the sample and using the deformation amount of the radial concave or convex center of the tooth tip of the sample as the basis for the hobbing or milling correction before carburizing and quenching of gears in batch production, can effectively offset the radial concave or convex center deformation of the tooth tip caused by carburizing and quenching, ensuring the uniformity of the grinding allowance, and improving processing efficiency and product quality.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of gear machining methods, and in particular to a process method for uniformly adjusting the allowance before grinding gear teeth. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of the gear industry, gear structures and modification methods have become more complex, and gears with large tooth direction modification helical depths and large heat treatment deformations are gradually increasing.

[0003] In the existing technology, during gear machining, the allowance varies greatly along the tooth direction during gear grinding, leading to the following three potential quality problems:

[0004] 1. Inconsistent actual involute starting circles along the tooth direction can easily lead to excessive effective tooth profile length or tooth root protrusions.

[0005] 2. During the rough grinding stage, the grinding depth varies in the tooth direction. When the grinding amount is too large, the instantaneous friction will generate extremely high heat, which can easily lead to grinding burns or cracks on the tooth surface.

[0006] 3. Poor uniformity of tooth surface hardness, with some areas failing to meet design requirements.

[0007] Therefore, how to effectively improve the machining accuracy of gears is a technical problem that needs to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The purpose of this invention is to provide a process method for uniformly adjusting the allowance before grinding gears, which can improve the machining accuracy of cylindrical gears.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0010] A process for uniformly adjusting the allowance before gear grinding includes the following steps:

[0011] Step S1: Process the sample according to the set sample processing procedure;

[0012] Step S2: Obtain the deformation amount d2=△c of the radial concave or convex center of the tooth tip caused by the carburizing and quenching of the sample;

[0013] Step S3: Calculate the tooth allowance pre-compensation amount -△Cβ = -△c × sinα based on the deformation amount △c and the pressure angle α;

[0014] Step S4: Use the tooth allowance pre-compensation amount -△Cβ as the drum-shaped compensation amount d3 for hobbing or milling before carburizing and quenching, and perform batch processing on the gears.

[0015] Preferably, step S2 includes:

[0016] Obtain the target number of the samples;

[0017] Record the deformation amount △a of the radial concave center or convex center of the tooth tip for each of the aforementioned samples;

[0018] Calculate the average value of the deformation amount △a of each sample, and use it as the deformation amount △c.

[0019] Preferably, the gear is a cylindrical gear.

[0020] Preferably, in step S4, the gears are batch-processed, including:

[0021] The gear is hobbed or milled, and the drum-shaped compensation amount d3 is increased in the hobbing or milling process before carburizing and quenching.

[0022] The gear is subjected to a carburizing, quenching, and deformation process.

[0023] The gears are ground to obtain the finished product.

[0024] Preferably, the method further includes the step of:

[0025] Obtain the tooth-direction helical depth d1 of the gear, and determine whether the tooth-direction helical depth d1 is greater than a preset depth;

[0026] When the tooth helix depth d1 is greater than the preset depth, the gear is machined to the tooth helix depth d1 in the hobbing or milling process before carburizing and quenching in the sample processing process.

[0027] Preferably, the method further includes the step of:

[0028] When the tooth-direction helical depth d1 is greater than the preset depth, the tooth-direction helical depth d1 is machined into the gear during the hobbing or milling process in the batch processing of the gear.

[0029] Preferably, the preset depth is 0.2 mm.

[0030] Preferably, step S4 includes:

[0031] When the pre-compensation amount of the tooth allowance is greater than or equal to the target compensation amount, -△Cβ is made as the drum-shaped compensation amount d3 for hobbing or milling before carburizing and quenching, based on the pre-compensation amount of the tooth allowance, and the gears are batch-processed.

[0032] The process method for uniformly adjusting the pre-grinding allowance of gears provided by this invention includes the following steps: Step S1: Processing the sample according to the set sample processing procedure; Step S2: Obtaining the deformation amount d2 = Δc of the radial concave or convex center of the tooth tip caused by carburizing and quenching of the sample; Step S3: Calculating the tooth allowance pre-compensation amount -ΔCβ = -Δc × sinα based on the deformation amount Δc and the pressure angle α; Step S4: Using the tooth allowance pre-compensation amount -ΔCβ as the drum-shaped compensation amount d3 for hobbing or milling, and performing batch processing of the gears. The process method for uniformly adjusting the pre-grinding allowance of gears provided by this invention, by processing the sample and using the deformation amount of the radial concave or convex center of the tooth tip of the sample as the basis for correction during batch production of gears, can effectively offset the radial concave or convex center deformation of the tooth tip caused by carburizing and quenching, ensuring the uniformity and consistency of the grinding allowance, and improving processing efficiency and product quality.

[0033] In a preferred embodiment, the method further includes the steps of: obtaining the tooth-direction helical depth d1 of the gear and determining whether the tooth-direction helical depth d1 is greater than a preset depth; when the tooth-direction helical depth d1 is greater than the preset depth, machining the gear to obtain the tooth-direction helical depth d1 in the hobbing or milling process before carburizing and quenching in the sample processing step. This configuration, by machining the tooth-direction helical depth d1 in advance in the hobbing or milling process before carburizing and quenching when machining a gear with a large tooth-direction helical depth d1, eliminates the problem of grinding burns caused by a large difference in allowance at both ends during grinding. This process method can effectively offset the radial concave or convex deformation of the tooth tip caused by carburizing and quenching, and can also compensate for the tooth-direction conical shaping required by the drawing, ensuring the uniformity of the grinding allowance from two aspects, thereby improving processing efficiency and product quality. Attached Figure Description

[0034] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0035] Figure 1 A flowchart of a specific embodiment of the process method for uniform gear grinding pre-grinding allowance provided by the present invention;

[0036] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the tooth surface structure of a gear;

[0037] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the gear when it undergoes radial concave deformation.

[0038] Figure 4 A partial view of the gear teeth during radial concave deformation;

[0039] Among them: Gear 1. Detailed Implementation

[0040] The core of this invention is to provide a process method for uniformly adjusting the allowance before gear grinding, which can ensure the uniformity and consistency of the grinding allowance, thereby improving processing efficiency and quality.

[0041] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0042] Please refer to Figures 1 to 4 , Figure 1 A flowchart of a specific embodiment of the process method for uniform gear grinding pre-grinding allowance provided by the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the tooth surface structure of a gear; Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the gear when it undergoes radial concave deformation. Figure 4 This is a partial view of the gear teeth during radial concave deformation.

[0043] In this embodiment, the process for uniformly grinding the allowance of gear 1 includes the following steps:

[0044] Step S1: Process the sample according to the set sample processing procedure;

[0045] Step S2: Obtain the deformation amount d2=△c of the radial concave or convex center of the tooth tip caused by the carburizing and quenching of the sample;

[0046] Step S3: Calculate the tooth allowance pre-compensation amount -△Cβ = -△c × sinα based on the deformation amount △c and the pressure angle α;

[0047] Step S4: Use the tooth allowance pre-compensation amount -△Cβ as the drum-shaped compensation amount d3 for hobbing or milling, and perform batch processing on gear 1.

[0048] Specifically, before mass production, the process involves processing a sample to obtain the most accurate deformation data, which serves as a reference for the hobbing or milling process before carburizing and quenching in mass production. When mass-producing gear 1, the hobbing or milling process adds a drum-shaped compensation amount d3 compared to the sample processing process. The sample processing process is a pre-set process, and the pressure angle α is also a pre-set angle.

[0049] The process method for uniformly adjusting the allowance before grinding gear 1 provided by the present invention utilizes the deformation of the radial concave or convex center of the tooth tip of the sample after processing as the basis for the hobbing or milling process before carburizing and quenching during the mass production of gear 1. This can effectively offset the deformation of the radial concave or convex center of the tooth tip caused by carburizing and quenching, ensure the uniformity of the grinding allowance, and improve processing efficiency and product quality.

[0050] In some implementations, step S2 includes:

[0051] Obtain the target number of the samples;

[0052] Record the deformation amount △a of the radial concave center or convex center of the tooth tip for each of the aforementioned samples;

[0053] Calculate the average value of the deformation amount △a of each sample, and use it as the deformation amount △c.

[0054] Specifically, the above method, by taking the average value, ensures that the deformation amount d2, i.e., the deformation amount Δc, is more accurate. Of course, other calculation methods can also be used to obtain the final value of the deformation amount Δc.

[0055] In some embodiments, the gear 1 is a cylindrical gear.

[0056] In some embodiments, step S4, which involves batch processing of gear 1, includes:

[0057] The gear 1 is hobbed or milled, and the drum-shaped compensation amount d3 is added during the hobbing or milling process;

[0058] The gear 1 is subjected to a carburizing and quenching deformation process;

[0059] The gear 1 is ground to obtain the finished product.

[0060] Specifically, the gear 1 is rough-machined by hobbing or milling, then heat-treated, and finally ground to obtain the final product. In the hobbing or milling process, the drum-shaped compensation amount d3 is added to avoid grinding burns and excessive carburized layer depth during grinding.

[0061] In some implementations, the steps also include:

[0062] Obtain the tooth-direction helical depth d1 of the gear 1, and determine whether the tooth-direction helical depth d1 is greater than a preset depth;

[0063] When the tooth direction adjustment helix depth d1 is greater than the preset depth, the gear 1 is machined to the tooth direction adjustment helix depth d1 in the gear hobbing or milling process of the sample processing process.

[0064] The above setup, by machining the gear 1 with a large tooth-direction helical depth d1 in the hobbing or milling process, first machining the tooth-direction helical depth d1, thereby eliminating the problem of grinding burn caused by the large difference in allowance at both ends during grinding; this process method can effectively offset the radial concave or convex deformation of the tooth tip caused by carburizing and quenching, and can also compensate for the tooth-direction conical modification required by the drawing, ensuring the uniformity of grinding allowance from two aspects, and improving processing efficiency and product quality.

[0065] In some implementations, the steps also include:

[0066] When the tooth direction adjustment helix depth d1 is greater than the preset depth, the tooth direction adjustment helix depth d1 is machined into the gear 1 in the hobbing or milling process before carburizing and quenching in the batch processing of the gear 1.

[0067] In other words, to ensure the accuracy of the drum-shaped compensation amount d3 data, the tooth-direction helical depth d1 is machined into the gear 1 during the hobbing or milling process when processing the sample. Based on this, the radial concave or convex core deformation of the tooth tip of the sample is more accurate. During mass production, the tooth-direction helical depth d1 is also machined into the gear 1 during the hobbing or milling process, instead of machining the tooth-direction helical depth d1 during gear grinding. This setting can effectively reduce the allowance at both ends during gear grinding and reduce grinding burn.

[0068] In some embodiments, the preset depth is 0.2mm. That is, for gear 1 with a tooth direction adjustment helix depth d1 > 0.2mm, the tooth direction adjustment helix depth d1 is machined to the gear 1 in the gear hobbing or milling process. For gear 1 with a tooth direction adjustment helix depth d1 ≤ 0.2mm, it can be machined according to the original process.

[0069] In some implementations, step S4 includes:

[0070] When the pre-compensation amount of the tooth allowance is greater than or equal to the target compensation amount, -△Cβ is calculated as the drum-shaped compensation amount d3 for hobbing or milling based on the pre-compensation amount of the tooth allowance, and the gear 1 is then batch-processed. In other words, this process method modifies the shape of gear 1 when the pre-compensation amount of the tooth allowance is greater than or equal to the target compensation amount. For example, for gear 1 with a smaller pre-compensation amount of the tooth allowance (greater than 0.2 mm), modification may not be necessary. Of course, the method can be chosen according to the actual situation and is not limited to the solution given in this embodiment.

[0071] In one specific embodiment, the process for uniformly adjusting the allowance before grinding the gear 1 includes:

[0072] When the required tooth-direction helical depth d1 is determined from the drawing, if d1 > 0.2mm, the allowance at both ends will differ significantly during grinding, which can easily lead to grinding burn.

[0073] During prototype production, the hobbing or milling process before carburizing and quenching is used to machine the tooth direction helical depth d1 as required by the drawings.

[0074] When grinding the prototype gear, collect the radial concave or convex deformation of the tooth tip caused by the carburizing and quenching deformation of gear 1, d2, d2=△c. The tooth allowance pre-compensation of the hobbing or milling process before heat treatment is reflected as tooth convexity compensation -△Cβ=-△c×sinα, α is the pre-set pressure angle.

[0075] Based on the deformation data from carburizing and quenching, determine the drum-shaped compensation amount d3 for hobbing or milling, where d3 = -△Cβ;

[0076] During mass production, the hobbing or milling process before carburizing and quenching produces the tooth direction helical depth d1 and drum-shaped compensation amount d3 as required by the drawings.

[0077] The process method for uniformly grinding the allowance of gear 1 involves machining the required tooth direction helical depth (conical) and the radial concave or convex core deformation compensation amount (drum-shaped) of the tooth tip caused by carburizing and quenching through hobbing or milling processes before carburizing and quenching to uniformly grind the allowance, thereby avoiding grinding burns and excessive carburized layer depth.

[0078] The above provides a detailed description of the process method for uniformly adjusting the pre-grinding allowance of gears provided by this invention. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this invention. The descriptions of the above embodiments are merely for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of this invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications to this invention without departing from its principles, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the claims of this invention.

Claims

1. A process for uniformly adjusting the allowance before gear grinding, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step S1: Process the sample according to the set sample processing procedure; Step S2: Obtain the deformation amount d2=△c of the radial concave or convex center of the tooth tip caused by the carburizing and quenching of the sample. Step S3: Calculate the tooth allowance pre-compensation amount -△Cβ = -△c × sinα based on the deformation amount △c and the pressure angle α; Step S4: Use the tooth allowance pre-compensation amount -△Cβ as the drum-shaped compensation amount d3 for hobbing or milling before carburizing and quenching, and perform batch processing on the gears; It also includes the following steps: Obtain the tooth-direction helical depth d1 of the gear, and determine whether the tooth-direction helical depth d1 is greater than a preset depth; the preset depth is 0.2mm; When the tooth direction adjustment helix depth d1 is greater than the preset depth, the tooth direction adjustment helix depth d1 is machined to the gear in the hobbing or milling process before carburizing and quenching in the batch processing of the gear.

2. The process method for uniformly adjusting the allowance before gear grinding according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step S2 comprises: Obtain the target number of the samples; Record the deformation amount △a of the radial concave center or convex center of the tooth tip for each of the aforementioned samples; Calculate the average value of the deformation amount △a of each sample, and use it as the deformation amount △c.

3. The process method for uniformly adjusting the allowance before gear grinding according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gear is a cylindrical gear.

4. The process method for uniformly adjusting the allowance before gear grinding according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S4, the gears are processed in batches, including: The gear is hobbed or milled, and the drum-shaped compensation amount d3 is added during the hobbing or milling process; The gear is subjected to a carburizing, quenching, and deformation process. The gears are ground to obtain the finished product.

5. The process method for uniformly adjusting the allowance before gear grinding according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, Step S4 includes: When the pre-compensation amount of the tooth allowance is greater than or equal to the target compensation amount, -△Cβ is made as the drum-shaped compensation amount d3 for hobbing or milling before carburizing and quenching, based on the pre-compensation amount of the tooth allowance, and the gears are batch-processed.

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