A multifunctional tunneling machine

Abstract

The application discloses a multifunctional tunneling machine, which comprises a rack body, walking mechanisms arranged on both sides of the rack body, a rack assembly, a telescopic mechanism arranged above the rack assembly, a slide arranged above the rack assembly, a slide rail arranged on the slide, a telescopic pushing oil cylinder arranged between the rear end of the slide rail and the rack assembly, a rotary support fixedly connected to the slide rail, a rotary ear frame arranged on the rotary support and capable of rotating around the axis of the rotary support, a cutting mechanism connected to the rotary ear frame and capable of swinging up and down, and a full-width loading mechanism arranged in front of the rack assembly and used for collecting materials. The whole telescopic mechanism has a large bearing area and is capable of resisting impact. The full-width loading mechanism realizes full-width loading, reduces the frequent adjustment of the whole machine during loading, and improves the loading efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tunneling machine technology, and more specifically to a multi-functional tunneling machine. Background Technology

[0002] Tunnel boring machines are used for excavating underground roadways or non-coal tunnels. The traditional cantilever tunnel boring machine has relatively simple functions and supporting facilities, resulting in low tunneling efficiency, slow advance speed, and a large number of workers, which seriously restricts the efficient and safe production of coal mines.

[0003] Specifically, the problems are as follows: 1. Traditional cantilever tunneling machines often add a telescopic cantilever section to the cutting section. This cutting telescopic mechanism uses a circumferentially arranged flat key to resist the torque transmitted during the cutting process. Due to the limited space in the structural layout, the size of the flat key is restricted. When the tunneling machine cuts semi-coal and rock tunnels, the cutting vibration is large, which will cause wear and impact on the flat key, leading to the failure of the telescopic mechanism; 2. The traditional star wheel loading mechanism is driven by a motor, with low starting torque. When encountering material accumulation, it is very easy to cause the climbing claw to stall, resulting in poor loading effect. At the same time, the traditional loading mechanism cannot achieve full-width loading and can only complete the material collection by frequently adjusting the whole machine, which affects the tunneling efficiency; 3. Traditional cantilever tunneling machines are only responsible for tunnel excavation and need to be equipped with anchor drilling rigs or single anchor drilling machines, which increases the process alternation time and restricts the improvement of tunneling speed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a multi-functional tunneling machine to solve the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0005] The technical solution adopted in this invention is a multi-functional tunneling machine, including a frame body, with walking mechanisms arranged on both sides of the frame body. The frame body includes a frame assembly, and a telescopic mechanism is arranged on the top of the frame assembly. The telescopic mechanism includes a slide rail fixed on the top of the frame assembly and a slide rail arranged on the slide rail. A telescopic push cylinder is arranged between the rear end of the slide rail and the frame assembly for driving the slide rail to move back and forth on the slide rail. A slewing support is fixedly connected to the slide rail. A slewing lug that can rotate around the axis of the slewing support is arranged on the slewing support. The slewing lug is connected to a cutting mechanism that can swing up and down for tunneling. A full-width loading mechanism for collecting materials is arranged at the front of the frame assembly.

[0006] Furthermore, the slide rail is provided with a dovetail-shaped groove, and a lower slide rail plate is provided on the bottom surface of the dovetail-shaped groove. Upper slide rail plates are provided on both sides of the dovetail-shaped groove. The slide rail is wedge-shaped on both sides, and a lower slide rail plate and an upper slide rail plate are provided on the bottom surface and both sides of the slide rail, respectively. The lower slide rail plate contacts the lower slide rail plate, and the upper slide rail plate contacts the upper slide rail plate, so that the slide rail is slidably connected in the dovetail-shaped groove. Multiple clamping devices are arranged on one side of the slide rail. The clamping device includes an outer cylinder fixedly connected to the side of the slide rail. A single-acting hydraulic cylinder is provided in the outer cylinder. The single-acting hydraulic cylinder includes a cylinder barrel, a piston rod, and a connector. The cylinder barrel is sleeved in the outer cylinder. The piston rod contacts the back of the upper slide rail plate to push the upper slide rail plate to move. The connector is located at the top of the cylinder barrel and connects to the inside of the cylinder barrel for injecting hydraulic oil. A locking block is provided at the top of the cylinder barrel for limiting. The outer wall of the locking block is provided with external threads, which are threadedly connected to the internal threads provided on the inner wall of the outer cylinder.

[0007] Furthermore, a guide gap is provided between the top of the cylinder and the locking block.

[0008] Furthermore, the external thread of the locking block is a self-locking thread, and the locking block is self-locking by setting an axial internal screw.

[0009] Furthermore, an end cap is provided at the top of the outer cylinder.

[0010] Furthermore, the full-width loading mechanism includes a shovel body with a chain track in the middle. Fan-shaped shovels are connected to the left and right sides of the shovel body, and the fan-shaped shovels are connected to swing cylinders to control the opening and closing of the fan-shaped shovels on the shovel body. Rake arms are symmetrically arranged on the shovel body, and the rake arms are connected to a drive device located on the back of the shovel body. The drive device obtains power through a drive cylinder connected to it and transmits it to the rake arms, causing the rake arms to swing left and right on the shovel body to perform pushing and pulling actions to collect materials. The left and right rake arms perform different actions at the same time.

[0011] Furthermore, the height of the rake arm gradually decreases from the side near the chain track to the side away from the chain track.

[0012] Furthermore, the end portion of the rake arm bends towards the chain track.

[0013] Furthermore, a front-end drill arm system that can move forward and backward is provided above the walking mechanisms on both sides. The front-end drill arm system includes a base, and the front end of the base is hinged to the main arm through an upper cross hinge. The main arm is controlled by a first attitude adjustment mechanism to swing up and down and left and right. The first attitude adjustment mechanism includes attitude adjustment cylinders symmetrically arranged on both sides below the main arm. One end of the attitude adjustment cylinder is hinged to the base through a lower cross hinge, and the other end is connected to the main arm through a ball joint. A telescopic arm is provided inside the main arm. The front end of the telescopic arm is connected to one end of a second attitude adjustment mechanism, and the other end of the second attitude adjustment mechanism is connected to the front anchor drilling rig. The second attitude adjustment mechanism enables the front anchor drilling rig to rotate around the forward and backward axis and around the up and down axis, thereby achieving the positioning of the front anchor drilling rig.

[0014] Furthermore, the second attitude adjustment mechanism includes a first spiral hydraulic swing cylinder and a second spiral hydraulic swing cylinder. One end of the first spiral hydraulic swing cylinder is fixedly connected to the front end of the telescopic arm, and the other end is fixedly connected to the fixed seat of the second spiral hydraulic swing cylinder, so that the second spiral hydraulic swing cylinder can rotate around the front-back axis. The output shaft of the second spiral hydraulic swing cylinder is fixedly connected to the front anchor drilling machine, so that the front anchor drilling machine can rotate around the up-down axis.

[0015] Furthermore, a working platform is provided at the front end of the telescopic boom.

[0016] Furthermore, a rear-end drill arm system is provided on both sides of the rear of the frame assembly. The rear-end drill arm system includes an up-down adjustment mechanism fixed to the rear of the frame assembly. The movable end of the up-down adjustment mechanism is connected to the swing adjustment mechanism, so that the swing adjustment mechanism can move in the up-down direction. At the same time, the movable end of the swing adjustment mechanism is connected to the rear anchor drilling machine, so that the rear anchor drilling machine can rotate around the front-back axis.

[0017] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] 1. The overall telescopic mechanism of the present invention has a large bearing area and a small contact pressure when subjected to cutting reaction force, and has an impact resistance function. It can be applied to rock cutting in semi-coal-rock tunnels and rock tunnels.

[0019] 2. The telescopic mechanism of the present invention has a built-in clamping function. When the cantilever tunneling machine is swinging and cutting, the cutting reaction force is large and the cutting vibration is strong. In order to avoid wear and impact on the telescopic mechanism, high pressure oil is introduced into the single-acting oil cylinder inside the clamping device. Under the action of the single-acting oil cylinder, the telescopic mechanism is pressed and cannot move, thus avoiding premature failure of the telescopic mechanism.

[0020] 3. The telescopic mechanism of the present invention has a buffer function. When the telescopic mechanism performs telescopic grooving, the single-acting cylinder will maintain a certain small pressure and a certain telescopic stroke (also the guide clearance). When the telescopic mechanism is subjected to a large impact, the slide rail will be slowly squeezed by the single-acting cylinder, thus avoiding excessive wear of the telescopic mechanism.

[0021] 4. The swing-arm full-width loading mechanism of the present invention achieves full-width loading, reduces the frequent adjustment of the whole machine loading and improves loading efficiency. On the other hand, the swing-arm full-width loading mechanism adopts the method of hydraulic cylinder to drive the rake arm. Compared with the traditional high torque motor, the advantage is that the starting torque is greatly improved and the climbing claw will not be blocked when the traditional loading mechanism is full.

[0022] 5. The multi-functional tunneling machine of the present invention integrates two sets of front-end drilling arm systems, which on the one hand realizes continuous mechanized operation of tunneling and anchor bolt support, saves alternation time, and improves tunneling efficiency; on the other hand, the integrated method of the present invention has a compact overall structure and good adaptability to roadways.

[0023] 6. The multi-functional tunneling machine of the present invention can achieve one-time advance tunneling and support, reducing the number of reciprocating adjustments of the whole machine in the process of cross-section shaping and material clearing, realizing rapid mechanized advance of tunneling and support, improving tunneling efficiency, and at the same time reducing the number of times the floor plate is rolled, avoiding damage to the tunnel floor plate during the tunneling process. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a front view of the multi-functional tunneling machine of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a top view of the multi-functional tunneling machine of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the multi-functional tunneling machine of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the full-width loading mechanism of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 Sectional view of AA;

[0029] Figure 6 This is a structural schematic diagram of the frame body and telescopic mechanism of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of the telescopic mechanism of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 8 This is a structural schematic diagram of the front-end drill arm system of the present invention at one angle;

[0032] Figure 9This is a structural schematic diagram of the front-end wall drilling system of the present invention from another angle;

[0033] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the base portion of the front-end drill arm system of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the support operation of the multi-functional tunneling machine of the present invention;

[0035] In the diagram: 1-cutting mechanism, 11-cutting head, 12-cantilever section, 13-reducer, 14-cutting motor;

[0036] 2-Full-width loading mechanism, 21-Shovel body, 211-Lower connecting ear, 212-Chain track, 213-Cover plate, 214-Fixed connecting ear, 215-Pin shaft, 22-Rake device, 221-Rake arm, 222-Drive cylinder, 223-Drive device, 23-Fan-shaped shovel, 231-Skirt plate, 232-Base plate, 233-Swing arm, 2331-Rotating connecting ear, 2332-Rotating pin hole, 24-Swing cylinder, 25-Redirecting sprocket;

[0037] 3- Scraper conveyor;

[0038] 4-Frame body, 41-Slewing lug, 42-Slewing support, 43-Telescopic mechanism, 431-Slide rail, 432-Slide rail, 433-Baffle, 434-Slide rail upper sliding plate, 435-Slide rail upper plate, 436-Slide rail lower plate, 437-Slide rail lower plate, 438-Clamping device, 4380-Single-acting cylinder, 4381-Piston rod, 4382-Cylinder barrel, 4383-Piston seal, 4384-Connector, 4385-Outer cylinder, 4386-Locking block, 4387-Internal screw, 4388-End cover, 4389-Oil port, 439-Sludge scraping device, 44-Frame assembly, 45-Telescopic push cylinder, 46-Slewing axis;

[0039] 5-Walking mechanism, 1011-Walking guard plate;

[0040] 6-Front-end drill arm system, 61-Long slide rail, 62-Base, 621-Base body, 622-Drive motor, 623-Reducer, 624-Gear, 63-Large arm, 64-Telescopic arm, 65-Second attitude adjustment mechanism, 651-First spiral hydraulic swing cylinder, 652-Second spiral hydraulic swing cylinder, 66-Front anchor drilling rig, 67-Rack, 68-Working platform, 69-First attitude adjustment mechanism, 691-Attitude adjustment cylinder, 692-Lower cross hinge shaft, 610-Upper cross hinge shaft, 611-First telescopic cylinder;

[0041] 7-Electrical control system;

[0042] 8-Control panel;

[0043] 9-Pump station oil tank;

[0044] 10- Rear end drill arm system, 1001- Up and down attitude adjustment mechanism, 1002- Swing attitude adjustment mechanism, 1003- Rear anchor drilling rig. Detailed Implementation

[0045] To better understand the purpose, structure, and function of this invention, a multi-functional tunneling machine of this invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0046] like Figures 1-3 As shown, a multi-functional tunneling machine includes a cutting mechanism 1, a full-width loading mechanism 2, a scraper conveyor 3, a frame body 4, a traveling mechanism 5, a front-end drill arm system 6, an electrical control system 7, an operating platform 8, a pump station oil tank 9, and a rear-end drill arm system 10. The frame body 4 is provided with walking mechanisms 5 on both sides. The frame body 4 includes a frame assembly 44. A telescopic mechanism 43 is provided on the top of the frame assembly 44. The telescopic mechanism 43 includes a slide rail 431 fixed on the top of the frame assembly 44 and a slide rail 432 provided on the slide rail 431. A telescopic push cylinder 45 is provided between the rear end of the slide rail 432 and the frame assembly 44 for driving the slide rail 432 to move back and forth on the slide rail 431. A slewing support 42 is fixedly connected to the slide rail 432. A slewing lug 41 that can rotate around the axis of the slewing support 42 is provided on the slewing support 42. The slewing lug 41 is connected to a cutting mechanism 1 that can swing up and down. The cutting mechanism 1 is used for tunneling and includes a cutting head 11, a cantilever section 12, a reducer 13 and a cutting motor 14.

[0047] A full-width loading mechanism 2 for receiving materials is provided at the front of the frame assembly 44, such as... Figure 4As shown, the full-width loading mechanism 2 includes a shovel body 21, a rake device 22, a fan-shaped shovel 23, a swing cylinder 24, and a redirecting sprocket 25. The rake device 22 is connected to the shovel body 21 by bolts. The rake device 22 includes a rake arm 221, a drive cylinder 222, and a drive device 223. The rake arm 221 is connected to the drive device 223 by bolts. One end of the drive cylinder 222 is hinged to the rotary connecting lug 2231 of the drive device 223, and the other end is hinged to the lower connecting lug 211 corresponding to the shovel body 21. The drive device 223 is connected to the shovel body 21 by bolts (or bolts and keys). By extending and shortening the drive cylinder 222, the rake arm 221 swings left and right on the shovel body 21, pushing the material on the shovel body 21 from the outside of the full-width loading mechanism 2 to the chain track 212. The full-width loading mechanism 2 has two sets of drive devices 223 arranged on the left and right sides of the shovel body 21. The action of the two sets of drive devices 223 realizes the material collection action of the two rake arms 221. At the same time, in order to improve the loading and transportation efficiency, when one rake arm 221 moves close to the fan-shaped shovel 23, the other rake arm 221 moves close to the chain conveyor 212 to ensure the material transportation efficiency and avoid the chain conveyor 212 and scraper conveyor 3 being empty of material for a long time.

[0048] The full-width loading mechanism 2 has two sets of fan-shaped shovels 23 arranged on both sides. Each fan-shaped shovel 23 includes a skirt plate 231, a base plate 232, and a swing arm 233. The base plate 232 is flush with the cover plate 213 of the shovel body 21. The skirt plate 231 has a certain height to prevent materials from spilling outwards over the skirt plate 231. One end of the swing cylinder 24 is hinged to the connecting lug of the shovel body, and the other end is hinged to the rotary connecting lug 2332 of the swing arm 233 of the fan-shaped shovel 23. The body 21 is provided with a fixed connecting ear 214, which is aligned with the rotary pin hole 2331 on the swing arm 233. The pin 215 is inserted for hinge connection. By extending and shortening the swing cylinder 24, the fan-shaped shovel 23 can rotate around the rotary pin hole 2331 of the swing arm 233. When the fan-shaped shovel 23 swings to the left and right, the loading area of ​​the shovel body 21 can be increased, realizing full-width one-time loading, reducing the number of times the whole machine is frequently adjusted, and improving the tunneling efficiency.

[0049] like Figure 5As shown in the cross-sectional view of the rake arm 221, the side I closest to the chain track 212 is higher, while the side II furthest from the chain track 212 is lower. When the rake arm 221 swings towards the chain track 212, the higher side I is needed to push the material on both sides towards the middle. When the rake arm 221 swings away from the chain track 212, it is important to avoid pushing a large amount of material on the shovel body 21 towards the skirt plate 231 of the fan-shaped shovel 23, so as to prevent the material from crossing the skirt plate 231 and spilling onto both sides of the roadway. When the rake arm 221 swings away from the chain track 212, the lower height of the side II furthest from the chain track is not conducive to pushing the material towards the skirt plate 231, thus maximizing the retention of the material on the shovel body 21.

[0050] When the tunneling machine is not working and personnel need to pass through the full-width loading mechanism 2, the fan-shaped shovels 23 on both sides retract towards the chain track 212, so that the skirt plate 231 is a certain distance away from the two sides of the roadway, making it convenient for personnel to pass through. When the tunneling machine is working and needs to load material, the fan-shaped shovels 23 on both sides extend away from the chain track 212, so that the width of the full-width loading mechanism 2 is close to the width of the roadway, realizing full-width loading in one go. At the same time, the swing cylinder 24 has a certain distance of extension and retraction stroke, so that the full-width loading mechanism 2 can adapt to different roadway widths.

[0051] like Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, one end of the slewing support 42 is fixedly connected to the telescopic mechanism 43. Specifically, one end of the slewing support 42 is fixedly connected to the slide rail 432, and the other end of the slewing support 42 is fixedly connected to the slewing lug 41, allowing the slewing lug 41 to rotate relative to the telescopic mechanism 43 around the slewing axis 46. The telescopic mechanism 43 is fixedly connected to the frame assembly 44. Specifically, the slide rail 431 of the telescopic mechanism 43 is fixedly connected to the frame assembly 44. One end of the telescopic push cylinder 45 is hinged to the telescopic mechanism 43. Specifically, one end of the telescopic push cylinder 45 is hinged to the rear end connecting lug of the slide rail 432 of the telescopic mechanism 43, and the other end of the telescopic push cylinder 45 is hinged to the connecting lug of the frame assembly 44. By extending and shortening the telescopic push cylinder 45, the slide rail 432 can move in the front-back direction relative to the slide rail 431, ultimately allowing the cutting mechanism 1 to move back and forth relative to the frame assembly 44. This allows the tunneling machine to increase its cutting range and improve cutting efficiency without moving the machine.

[0052] The telescopic mechanism 43 also includes a baffle 433, an upper sliding plate 434, an upper plate 435, a lower plate 436, a lower plate 437, a clamping device 438, and a scraping device 439. The upper plate 435 is fixedly installed above the slide rail 432, and the lower plate 436 is fixedly installed below the slide rail 432. The upper and lower plates 435 are mainly used to improve the hardness of the contact surface. The upper sliding plates 434 are distributed on the left and right sides of the slide rail, with at least two plates, and are installed inside the slide rail 431. The upper sliding plates 434 can slide inside the groove of the slide rail 431. The baffles 433 are fixedly installed on both sides of the slide rail 431 at the front and rear ends to prevent the upper sliding plates 434 from sliding out in the front and rear directions. The lower plates 437 are distributed on both sides of the slide rail 431, with at least two plates, and are fixedly installed below the slide rail 431. The sliding plates 434 on both sides of the slide rail and the upper plate 435 on the slide rail form a friction pair and can slide relative to each other. The lower plates 437 on both sides of the slide rail and the lower plate 436 on the slide rail form a friction pair and can move relative to each other, so that the slide rail 432 can slide relative to the slide rail 431 in the front-back direction. The sliding plates 434 on the slide rail and the lower plate 437 on the slide rail are provided with lubrication holes. Lubricating grease can enter between the friction pairs through the lubrication holes, thereby reducing the friction between the friction pairs.

[0053] Dust and mud entering the friction pairs will increase sliding resistance and damage the friction pairs. Therefore, at least eight sets of mud scraping devices 439 are installed and fixedly mounted at the front and rear ends of the upper sliding plate 434 and the lower sliding plate 437 on the left and right sides of the slide rail, respectively, to prevent dust and mud from the upper sliding plate 435 and the lower sliding plate 436 of the slide rail from being carried into the upper sliding plate 434 and the lower sliding plate 437 of the slide rail when the slide rail 432 moves.

[0054] Multiple clamping devices 438 are fixedly connected to one side of the slide rail 431. The clamping device 438 includes a single-acting hydraulic cylinder 4380, an outer cylinder 4385, a locking block 4386, and an end cap 4388. The single-acting hydraulic cylinder 4380 includes a piston rod 4381, a cylinder 4382, a piston seal 4383, and a connector 4384. The piston rod 4381 is located inside the cylinder 4382 and can slide up and down inside the cylinder 4382. The piston seal 4383 is arranged at the front end of the piston rod 4381 and serves to seal the hydraulic fluid. The connector 4384 is fixedly connected to the top of the cylinder 4382 by a threaded connection. Hydraulic fluid can enter the cylinder 4382 through the oil port 4389 of the connector 4384 and push the piston rod 4381 downward.

[0055] The outer cylinder 4385 is fixedly connected above one side slide rail 431 (right side in the figure). A single-acting cylinder 4380 is located inside the outer cylinder 4385 and can move up and down relative to the outer cylinder 4385. The upper part of the outer cylinder 4385 has internal threads. A locking block 4386 is located inside the outer cylinder 4385, above the cylinder barrel 4382 of the single-acting cylinder 4380. The outer side of the locking block 4386 has external threads. The locking block 4386 is connected to the outer cylinder 4385 via threads, allowing the locking block 4386 to move up and down relative to the outer cylinder 4385 through threaded engagement. In this embodiment, the locking block 4386 has a self-locking function. By tightening the screw 4387 inside the locking block 4386, the external thread of the locking block 4386 is pressed against the internal thread of the outer cylinder 4385, preventing the locking block 4386 from moving relative to the outer cylinder 4385. The locking block 4386 is not limited to those shown in this example. The end cap 4388 is fixedly connected to the top of the outer cylinder 4385 to prevent dust and other particles from entering the clamping device 438.

[0056] When the cutting mechanism 1 moves forward to perform the grooving operation, hydraulic oil enters the cylinder 4382 of each single-acting cylinder 4380 through the oil port 4389 of the connector 4384 and maintains a certain low pressure P1. The upper part of the cylinder 4382 is limited by the locking block 4386. The oil pushes the piston rod 4381 to move downward by a certain stroke L. This stroke L is also the guide clearance of the telescopic mechanism. This guide clearance L also prevents the telescopic mechanism 43 from crawling or failing to operate when subjected to large cutting reaction force and vibration. Then, the piston rod 4381 pushes the sliding plate 434 on one side of the slide rail to move downward, thereby making the sliding plates 434 on each set of slide rails press against the upper plate 435 of the slide rail, and the lower plate 437 of the slide rail and the lower plate 436 of the slide rail. By telescopically pushing the cylinder 45 to act, the slide rail 432 can move forward relative to the slide rail 431. Meanwhile, the single-acting cylinder 4380 and stroke L here form a buffer mechanism. The thrust generated by the small hydraulic pressure P1 of the single-acting cylinder 4380 provides the buffer resistance of the buffer mechanism, and the stroke L provides the buffer stroke of the buffer mechanism. When the cutting reaction force and cutting vibration generated by the grooving operation are large, the slide rail 432 will be squeezed to one side of the slide rail 431. Specifically, the slide rail 432 will be squeezed to one side of the slide rail sliding plate 434, which will push the piston rod 4381 to move upward slowly. The maximum movement stroke L reduces the impact between the slide rail 432 and the slide rail 431.

[0057] When the cutting mechanism 1 swings up and down and left and right to cut, the telescopic mechanism 43 experiences much greater reaction force and vibration from the cutting mechanism 1 than during grooving operations. Therefore, the swing cutting condition is a test for the telescopic mechanism 43. When the telescopic mechanism 43 operates, the large cutting reaction force and vibration will impact the telescopic mechanism 43, which may cause telescopic failure in severe cases. Therefore, this invention requires that the telescopic mechanism 43 should not operate during the swing cutting condition. The specific method is as follows: hydraulic oil enters each unit through the oil port 4389 of the connector 4384. The cylinder 4382 of the hydraulic cylinder 4380 is kept under a certain high pressure P2. The upper part of the cylinder 4382 is limited by the locking block 4386. The hydraulic fluid pushes the piston rod 4381 to move downward. The piston rod 4381 pushes the upper sliding plate 434 of the slide rail to move downward. This causes the upper sliding plate 434 of each slide rail to press against the upper plate 435 of the slide rail, and the lower plate 437 of the slide rail to press against the lower plate 436 of the slide rail. Each single-acting hydraulic cylinder 4380 maintains a high pressure P2. At this time, the telescopic mechanism 43 cannot operate.

[0058] On both sides of the tunneling machine, above the traveling mechanism 5, the front-end drill arm system 6 is arranged, such as... Figure 10 As shown, the traveling guard plate 1011 is arranged above the traveling mechanism 5 and is fixedly connected to the traveling mechanism 5, serving as a support for the front-end drill arm system 6.

[0059] like Figures 8-10 As shown, the front-end drill arm system 6 includes a long slide rail 61, a base 62, a boom 63, a telescopic boom 64, a second attitude adjustment mechanism 65, a front anchor drilling rig 66, a rack 67, a working platform 68, a first attitude adjustment mechanism 69, an upper cross hinge 610, and a first telescopic cylinder 611. One end of the first telescopic cylinder 611 is hinged to the long slide rail 61, and the other end is fixedly connected to the traveling guard plate 1011. By extending and retracting the first telescopic cylinder 611, the long slide rail 61 can move relative to the traveling guard plate 1011, forming the first stage of telescopic movement. The rack 67 is fixedly connected above the long slide rail 61, and the base 62 is connected to the long slide rail 61 through a lower locking plate, allowing the base 62 to move relative to the long slide rail 61 in the front-back direction, forming the second stage of telescopic movement.

[0060] In this embodiment, the base 62 moves via a gear and rack meshing motion. The base 62 includes a base body 621, a drive motor 622, a reducer 623, and a gear 624. Specifically, the drive motor 622 is fixedly connected to the reducer 623, the output shaft of the reducer 623 is fixedly connected to the gear 624, and the reducer 623 is fixedly connected to the base body 621. The drive motor 622 drives the reducer 623 to move, which in turn drives the gear 624 to move relative to the rack 67 in the back-and-forth direction, forming the second stage of extension and retraction. Other implementation methods exist, such as using a sprocket and chain drive, or using a telescopic cylinder to directly push the base to move, etc.

[0061] The boom 63 is hinged to the base 62 via an upper cross hinge 610, allowing the boom 63 to swing relative to the base 62 in the up-down and left-right directions. The movement of the boom 63 can be achieved through a first attitude adjustment mechanism 69, which consists of two sets of attitude adjustment cylinders 691 and a lower cross hinge 692. One end of each attitude adjustment cylinder 691 is hinged to the base 62 via the lower cross hinge 692, and the other end is connected to the boom 63 via a ball joint. The extension and retraction of the two attitude adjustment cylinders 691 achieve the swinging of the boom 63 in the up-down and left-right directions. A telescopic cylinder is installed inside the boom 63. One end of the telescopic cylinder is hinged to the boom 63, and the other end is hinged to the telescopic arm 64. The extension and retraction of the telescopic cylinder achieves the telescopic movement of the telescopic arm 64 relative to the boom 63, forming the third stage of telescopic movement of the front-end drill arm system 6.

[0062] The front end of the telescopic boom 64 is fixedly connected to one end of the second attitude adjustment mechanism 65, and the other end of the second attitude adjustment mechanism 65 is connected to the front anchor drilling rig 66. In this embodiment, the second attitude adjustment mechanism 65 includes a first spiral hydraulic swing cylinder 651 and a second spiral hydraulic swing cylinder 652. One end of the first spiral hydraulic swing cylinder 651 is fixedly connected to the telescopic boom 64, and the other end is fixedly connected to the fixed seat of the second spiral hydraulic swing cylinder 652, allowing the second spiral hydraulic swing cylinder 652 to rotate around the Y-axis. The output shaft of the second spiral hydraulic swing cylinder 652 is fixedly connected to the front anchor drilling rig 66, allowing the front anchor drilling rig 66 to rotate around the Z-axis. Ultimately, the front anchor drilling rig 66 can rotate in two directions. The positioning of the front anchor drilling rig 66 can be achieved through the first attitude adjustment mechanism 69 and the second attitude adjustment mechanism 65. In addition, a working platform 68 can be added to the front drilling arm system 6 to facilitate workers to stand on the working platform to carry out anchoring operations.

[0063] The multi-functional tunneling machine of the present invention also includes a rear-end drill arm system 10, which includes a vertical adjustment mechanism 1001, a swing adjustment mechanism 1002, and a rear anchor bolt drill 1003. One end of the vertical adjustment mechanism 1001 is fixed to the rear end of the frame assembly 44, and the other end is connected to the swing adjustment mechanism 1002, so that the swing adjustment mechanism 1002 can move in the vertical direction. At the same time, the movable end of the swing adjustment mechanism 1002 is connected to the rear anchor bolt drill 1003. The swing adjustment mechanism 1002 can be implemented by a spiral hydraulic swing cylinder, so that the rear anchor bolt drill 1003 can rotate around the front-rear axis. Through the adjustment of the posture in the two directions, the rear anchor bolt drill 1003 can finally achieve a certain height of anchor bolt support.

[0064] The multi-functional tunneling machine of the present invention has the following single-pass tunneling support process:

[0065] 1. Before the cutting operation, the tunneling machine's telescopic mechanism 43 and full-width loading mechanism 2 are in the retracted state, and the tunneling machine moves forward to the face;

[0066] 2. By the action of the swing cylinders 24 on both sides of the full-width loading mechanism 2, the fan-shaped shovels 23 on both sides unfold away from the chain track 212, so that the width of the full-width loading mechanism 2 is close to the width of the roadway.

[0067] 3. Hydraulic oil enters each single-acting cylinder 4380 and maintains a small pressure P1, which pushes the cylinder 45 to move. The slide rail 432 moves forward relative to the slide 431, causing the cutting mechanism 1 to move forward relative to the frame assembly 44 to perform grooving. After grooving for a certain stroke, hydraulic oil continues to enter each single-acting cylinder 4380 and maintains a large pressure P2. The telescopic mechanism 43 cannot move, and the cutting mechanism 1 swings and cuts in the up-down and left-right directions.

[0068] 4. When the telescopic mechanism 43 extends to its maximum stroke, each single-acting hydraulic cylinder 4380 is depressurized and maintains a small pressure P1. The telescopic push cylinder 45 is activated, the slide rail 432 moves backward relative to the slide 431 to its maximum stroke, and the tunneling machine moves forward to the face.

[0069] 5. Continue steps 3 and 4 until the tunneling machine has cut one row distance;

[0070] 6. For example Figure 11 As shown, the cutting mechanism 1 swings downwards to near the roadway floor and switches to support operation. Through the three-stage telescopic and two-stage attitude adjustment mechanism, the front anchor drilling rig 66 moves to the position that needs anchoring to carry out the face anchor support operation. At the same time, the rear anchor drilling rig 1003 adjusts its position to carry out the lag side anchor support.

[0071] 7. After the support is completed, proceed with the next cycle of cutting operations.

[0072] It is understood that the present invention has been described through some embodiments, and those skilled in the art will recognize that various changes or equivalent substitutions can be made to these features and embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Furthermore, under the teachings of the present invention, these features and embodiments can be modified to adapt to specific situations and materials without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, and all embodiments falling within the scope of the claims of this application are within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-functional tunneling machine, comprising a frame body (4), with traveling mechanisms (5) arranged on both sides of the frame body (4), characterized in that, The frame body (4) includes a frame assembly (44), and a telescopic mechanism (43) is provided above the frame assembly (44). The telescopic mechanism (43) includes a slide rail (431) fixed above the frame assembly (44) and a slide rail (432) provided on the slide rail (431). A telescopic push cylinder (45) is provided between the rear end of the slide rail (432) and the frame assembly (44) for driving the slide rail (432) to move back and forth on the slide rail (431). A slewing support (42) is fixedly connected to the slide rail (432). A slewing ear (41) that can rotate around the axis of the slewing support (42) is provided on the slewing support (42). The slewing ear (41) is connected to a cutting mechanism (1) that can swing up and down for tunneling. A full-width loading mechanism (2) for collecting materials is provided in front of the frame assembly (44). The full-width loading mechanism (2) includes a shovel body (21), a chain track (212) is provided in the middle of the shovel body (21), and fan-shaped shovels (23) are connected to the left and right sides of the shovel body (21). The fan-shaped shovels (23) are connected to a swing cylinder (24) to control the fan-shaped shovels (23) to open and close on the shovel body (21). The shovel body (21) is symmetrically provided with rake arms (221). The rake arms (221) are connected to a drive device (223) located on the back of the shovel body (21). The drive device (223) obtains power through the drive cylinder (222) connected to it and transmits it to the rake arms (221), so that the rake arms (221) swing left and right on the shovel body (21) to perform pushing and pulling actions to collect materials. The left and right rake arms perform different actions at the same time.

2. The multi-functional tunneling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The slide rail (431) is provided with a dovetail-shaped groove, and a slide rail lower plate (437) is provided on the bottom surface of the dovetail-shaped groove. Slide rail upper sliding plates (434) are provided on both sides of the dovetail-shaped groove. The slide rail (432) is wedge-shaped on both sides. A slide rail lower plate (436) and a slide rail upper plate (435) are provided on the bottom surface and both sides of the slide rail (432). The slide rail lower plate (437) contacts the slide rail lower plate (436), and the slide rail upper sliding plate (434) contacts the slide rail upper plate (435), so that the slide rail (432) is slidably connected in the dovetail-shaped groove. Multiple clamping devices (438) are arranged on one side of the slide rail (431). The clamping device (438) includes an outer cylinder (438) fixedly connected to the side of the slide rail (431). 385), a single-acting hydraulic cylinder (4380) is provided in the outer cylinder (4385). The single-acting hydraulic cylinder (4380) includes a cylinder barrel (4382), a piston rod (4381) and a connector (4384). The cylinder barrel (4382) is sleeved in the outer cylinder (4385). The piston rod (4381) contacts the back of the sliding plate (434) on the slide rail to push the sliding plate (434) on the slide rail to move. The connector (4384) is provided at the top of the cylinder barrel (4382) to connect to the inside of the cylinder barrel (4382) for injecting hydraulic oil. A locking block (4386) is provided at the top of the cylinder barrel (4382) for limiting. The outer wall of the locking block (4386) is provided with external threads, which are threaded to the inner thread provided on the inner wall of the outer cylinder (4385).

3. The multi-functional tunneling machine according to claim 2, characterized in that, A guide gap is provided between the top of the cylinder (4382) and the locking block (4386).

4. The multi-functional tunneling machine according to claim 3, characterized in that, The external thread of the locking block (4386) is a self-locking thread, and the locking block (4386) is self-locking by setting an axial internal screw (4387).

5. The multi-functional tunneling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The height of the rake arm (221) gradually decreases from the side close to the chain track (212) to the side away from the chain track (212).

6. The multi-functional tunneling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The end portion of the rake arm (221) bends toward the chain track (212).

7. The multi-functional tunneling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, Above the walking mechanisms (5) on both sides, there is a front-end drill arm system (6) that can move back and forth. The front-end drill arm system (6) includes a base (62). The front end of the base (62) is hinged to the boom (63) through an upper cross hinge (610). The boom (63) is controlled by a first attitude adjustment mechanism (69) to swing up and down and left and right. The first attitude adjustment mechanism (69) includes attitude adjustment cylinders (691) symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides below the boom (63). One end of the attitude adjustment cylinder (691) is connected to the lower cross hinge (610). The hinge shaft (692) is hinged to the base (62), and the other end is connected to the boom (63) through a ball joint. The boom (63) is equipped with a telescopic arm (64). The front end of the telescopic arm (64) is connected to one end of the second attitude adjustment mechanism (65), and the other end of the second attitude adjustment mechanism (65) is connected to the front anchor drilling machine (66). The second attitude adjustment mechanism (65) enables the front anchor drilling machine (66) to rotate around the front-back axis and around the up-down axis, thereby realizing the positioning of the front anchor drilling machine (66).

8. The multi-functional tunneling machine according to claim 7, characterized in that, The second posture adjustment mechanism (65) includes a first spiral hydraulic swing cylinder (651) and a second spiral hydraulic swing cylinder (652). One end of the first spiral hydraulic swing cylinder (651) is fixedly connected to the front end of the telescopic arm (64), and the other end is fixedly connected to the fixed seat of the second spiral hydraulic swing cylinder (652), so that the second spiral hydraulic swing cylinder (652) can rotate around the front-back axis. The output shaft of the second spiral hydraulic swing cylinder (652) is fixedly connected to the front anchor drilling machine (66), so that the front anchor drilling machine (66) can rotate around the up-down axis.

9. The multi-functional tunneling machine according to claim 7, characterized in that, The rear drilling arm system (10) is provided on both sides of the rear of the frame assembly (44). The rear drilling arm system (10) includes an up-down adjustment mechanism (1001) fixed to the rear of the frame assembly (44). The movable end of the up-down adjustment mechanism (1001) is connected to the swing adjustment mechanism (1002), so that the swing adjustment mechanism (1002) can move in the up-down direction. At the same time, the movable end of the swing adjustment mechanism (1002) is connected to the rear anchor drilling machine (1003), so that the rear anchor drilling machine (1003) can rotate around the front-back axis.

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