An experimental device for evaluating the resistance of coatings to rock impact wear

Abstract

An experimental device for evaluating a coating's resistance to rock impact wear comprises a mounting frame on which an output shaft is rotatably mounted, the output shaft being driven to rotate by a reduction motor; a coating sample is fixed to the output shaft via an adjustable mounting seat and is away from the axis of the output shaft; a rock bucket is mounted at the bottom of the mounting frame, a slotted baffle is provided in the rock bucket, and the baffle divides the space in the rock bucket into a working area and a non-working area; wherein rocks are placed in the working area; when the coating sample rotates through the working area, the coating sample frictionally contacts the rocks in the working area; when the coating sample rotates through the non-working area, the coating sample is away from the rocks in the working area; a torque-speed sensor is mounted on the output shaft, and a pressure sensor is mounted between the coating sample and the adjustable mounting seat; a temperature measurement and temperature control mechanism is installed in the non-working area. The present invention provides an experimental device for evaluating a coating's resistance to rock impact wear, which can synchronously measure experimental data such as torque, speed, contact pressure, and temperature change of the coating sample online.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to an experimental device, and in particular to an experimental device and method for evaluating the resistance of a coating to rock impact wear. Specifically, the present invention relates to an experimental device and method for evaluating the impact wear between a coating and a rock. By adjusting parameters such as speed, pressure, and angle, and measuring data such as experimental torque, temperature, and pressure, the ability of a coating to resist rock impact wear is comprehensively evaluated. Background Art

[0002] Mining, tunneling, subway tunneling, and other fields require equipment to withstand rock impact wear. Failure of the excavation mechanism often leads to system downtime. Protective coatings are typically applied to the excavation mechanism using metal compounds (nitrides, carbides, etc.) to improve the mechanism's hardness and wear resistance. The preparation of wear-resistant coatings requires designing different material ratios and process parameters to achieve coatings with varying wear resistance. Testing and evaluation of the coating's wear resistance are essential before use.

[0003] Currently, existing friction and wear testing machines primarily assess lubrication effectiveness or continuous contact wear performance, but are not suitable for evaluating resistance to discontinuous rock impact wear. Therefore, an experimental device is urgently needed to evaluate the resistance of coatings to rock impact wear. This device would facilitate the study of coating resistance to rock impact wear and allow for easy adjustment of experimental parameters, including rock type, coating temperature, and contact pressure, to measure relevant data. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide an experimental device and method for evaluating the resistance of a coating to rock impact wear. During the experiment, a torque-speed sensor measures the torque and speed of the friction coating sample during contact between the rotating shaft and the rock, while a temperature sensor measures the sample temperature during the experiment. A coil heater heats and controls the temperature of the coating sample, enabling friction and wear studies at different temperatures. Weights are applied to control the contact pressure between the rock and the coating, and pressure changes are measured by a pressure sensor. The crushed rock is filtered through a sieve plate and then collected by a collection plate, completing an impact wear experiment. This device features adjustable parameters, data acquisition, simple structure, and reliable operation.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0006] An experimental device for evaluating the resistance of a coating to rock impact wear comprises a mounting frame on which an output shaft is rotatably mounted, the output shaft being driven to rotate by a reduction motor; a coating sample is fixed to the output shaft via an adjustable mounting seat and is away from the axis of the output shaft;

[0007] A rock bucket is installed at the lower part of the mounting frame. A baffle with a slot is provided in the rock bucket. The baffle divides the space in the rock bucket into a working area and a non-working area. The working area is filled with rocks. When the coating sample rotates through the working area, the coating sample is in frictional contact with the rocks in the working area. When the coating sample rotates through the non-working area, the coating sample is separated from the rocks in the working area.

[0008] The output shaft is provided with a torque-speed sensor, which is used to measure the torque and speed output by the reduction motor;

[0009] A pressure sensor is installed between the coating sample and the adjustable mounting seat, and the pressure sensor is used to measure the pressure on the coating sample;

[0010] A temperature measuring and controlling mechanism is installed in the non-working area, and is used to measure the temperature of the coating sample before and after friction with the rock when the coating sample passes through the working area and to regulate the temperature in the rock barrel.

[0011] The adjustable mounting seat includes an axial fixing seat, which is fixed on the output shaft. One side of the axial fixing seat is detachably connected to the flange on the longitudinal connecting seat, and the ear plate on the other side of the longitudinal connecting seat is detachably connected to the sample fixing plate; the coating sample is fixed on the sample fixing plate.

[0012] The baffle includes a left baffle and a right baffle, and there is a certain angle between the left baffle and the right baffle. The left baffle and the right baffle are relatively close to each other on one side of the output shaft and are connected by an arc plate. The left baffle, the right baffle and the arc plate are provided with slots at positions opposite to the coating sample.

[0013] A pressure plate is provided above the left baffle and the right baffle, and the pressure plate presses on the rock.

[0014] A weight is placed on the pressing plate.

[0015] The temperature measurement and control mechanism includes temperature sensor No. 1, temperature sensor No. 2, and a coil heater; wherein temperature sensor No. 1 and temperature sensor No. 2 are respectively mounted on the baffle and located at the entrance and exit of the working area; the coil heater is fixed in the non-working area through a heater mounting plate.

[0016] The bottom end of the rock barrel is threadedly connected with a sieve plate, a collecting plate is provided below the sieve plate, and the collecting plate is fixed on the bottom plate of the mounting frame.

[0017] An experimental method for evaluating a coating's resistance to rock impact wear comprises the following steps:

[0018] Step 1: Fix the prepared coating sample to the sample fixing plate with a C-type screw. Adjust the longitudinal angle between the sample fixing plate and the connected longitudinal connecting seat and fix it with an A-type nut and screw. Adjust the transverse angle between the longitudinal connecting seat and the axial fixing seat and fix it with a B-type nut and screw. Finally, move the coating sample to the middle position of the baffle to achieve the purpose of adjusting the sample and contact angle.

[0019] Step 2: Place the selected rock into the working area of the rock bucket and baffle, then press the pressure plate onto the rock. The pressure sensor is located between the coated sample and the sample fixing plate. The conductive slip ring fixed to the output shaft transmits the pressure signal. By adding weights above the pressure plate, the pressure signal value changes are observed and the required contact pressure is adjusted to complete the adjustment of the initial contact pressure between the coated sample and the rock.

[0020] Step 4: Start the reduction motor, which drives the torque-speed sensor to rotate through the A-type universal joint coupling. The torque-speed sensor then drives the output shaft to rotate through the B-type universal joint coupling. The axial fixing seat fixed on the output shaft rotates accordingly, thereby driving the coating sample on the sample fixing plate connected to the axial fixing seat to rotate. At the same time, the torque-speed sensor measures the torque and speed output by the reduction motor, and the pressure sensor measures the pressure on the coating sample. The torque, speed and contact pressure of the coating sample are measured during rotation.

[0021] Step 5: The coating sample rotates through the middle of the baffle and rubs against the rock, causing the temperature of the coating sample to rise. When it rotates out of the baffle, the temperature of the coating sample drops. Temperature sensors 1 and 2 located at the inlet and outlet of the baffle measure the temperature drop and the temperature increase after friction with the rock, respectively. Turning on the coil heater will heat the coating sample passing through, which can achieve the purpose of studying the friction of the coating sample at a specific temperature.

[0022] Step 6: During the impact and friction process, the rock and coating samples will continue to break and fall into the sieve plate. The sieve plate will filter the crushed stones and drop them into the collection plate, completing the screening and collection of the crushed stones.

[0023] The present invention provides an experimental device and method for evaluating the resistance of a coating to rock impact wear, which has the following technical effects:

[0024] 1) By setting an adjustable mounting seat, adjusting the longitudinal angle between the coating sample fixing plate and the longitudinal connecting seat, as well as the transverse angle between the longitudinal connecting seat and the axial fixing seat, the contact angle between the coating sample and the rock can be variably adjusted to meet different angle setting requirements.

[0025] 2) The impact force between the coating sample and the rock can be adjusted by adding weights and changing the rotation speed to meet different pressure setting requirements.

[0026] 3) Friction research of coating samples at specific temperatures can be achieved through coil heating. For example, the impact wear temperature of hard rock reaches 800-1000℃. By heating, the impact wear resistance of the coating at this temperature can be examined.

[0027] 4) It can measure torque, speed, contact pressure, temperature change and other experimental data online synchronously. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples:

[0029] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the partial structure of the present invention (without the assembly frame).

[0031] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the connection at the coating sample in the present invention.

[0032] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the explosion of the adjustable mounting base of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the structure inside the rock barrel of the present invention (first perspective).

[0034] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the structure inside the rock barrel of the present invention (second perspective).

[0035] In the figure: reduction motor 1, motor mounting plate 2, type A universal joint coupling 3, sensor mounting plate 4, torque-speed sensor 5, type B universal joint coupling 6, radial bearing mounting seat 7, radial bearing 8, output shaft 9, coating sample 10, pressure sensor 11, sample fixing plate 12, axial fixing seat 13, thrust bearing 14, base plate 15, thrust bearing mounting seat 16, C-type screw 17, type A nut screw 18, longitudinal connecting seat 19, type B nut screw 20, conductive slip ring 21, baffle 22, pressure plate 23, rock bucket 24, bucket fixing plate 25, ash isolation sleeve 26, sieve plate 27, collection plate 28, temperature sensor No. 1 29, temperature sensor No. 2 30, coil heater 31, heater mounting plate 32, mounting frame 33, weight 34. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] like Figure 1As shown, an experimental device and method for evaluating the resistance of coatings to rock impact wear, which includes an assembly frame 33, a power output and measurement mechanism, a coating sample rotation mechanism, a pressure measurement mechanism, a rock placement mechanism, a gravel collection mechanism, and a temperature measurement and control mechanism;

[0037] The assembly frame 33 is used to mount and secure the various components of the experimental setup. The reduction motor 1 in the power output and measurement mechanism is secured to the upper portion of the assembly frame 33 via the motor mounting plate 2. The torque-speed sensor 5 is secured to the assembly frame 33 via the sensor mounting plate 4. The radial bearing 8 and thrust bearing 14 in the coating specimen rotation mechanism are secured to the assembly frame 33 via the radial bearing mounting seat 7 and thrust bearing mounting seat 16. The outer ring of the conductive slip ring 21 in the pressure measurement mechanism is secured to the lower portion of the assembly frame 33. The rock bucket 24 in the rock placement mechanism is secured to the lower portion of the assembly frame 33 via the bucket mounting plate 25. The coil heater 31 in the temperature measurement and control mechanism is secured to the middle portion of the assembly frame 33 via the heater mounting plate 32.

[0038] like Figure 2 As shown, the power output and measurement mechanism includes a reduction motor 1, a motor mounting plate 2, an A-type universal joint coupling 3, a sensor mounting plate 4, and a torque-speed sensor 5. The reduction motor 1 is secured to the top of an assembly frame 33 via the motor mounting plate 2. The output shaft of the reduction motor 1 is connected to the upper shaft of the torque-speed sensor 5 via the A-type universal joint coupling 3. One side of the torque-speed sensor 5 is mounted in the middle of the assembly frame 33 via the sensor mounting plate 4.

[0039] like Figure 2-4 As shown, the coating sample rotation mechanism includes a B-type universal joint coupling 6, a radial bearing mounting seat 7, a radial bearing 8, an output shaft 9, a coating sample 10, a sample fixing plate 12, an axial fixing seat 13, a thrust bearing 14, a base plate 15, a thrust bearing mounting seat 16, a C-type screw 17, an A-type nut screw 18, and a B-type nut screw 20.

[0040] Among them, such as Figure 3-4 As shown, the upper end of the output shaft 9 is connected to the lower end of the torque-speed sensor 5 via a B-type universal joint coupling 6. A radial bearing 8 is mounted on the upper portion of the output shaft 9 and secured to the assembly frame 33 via a radial bearing mounting seat 7. A thrust bearing 14 is mounted on the lower portion of the output shaft 9 and secured to a base plate 15 via a thrust bearing mounting seat 16. The base plate 15 is fixed to the bottom of the assembly frame 33. A coated specimen 10 is secured to the specimen mounting plate 12, which is connected to the axial mounting seat 13 secured to the output shaft 9 via a longitudinal connecting seat 19.

[0041] like Figure 4As shown, the pressure measurement mechanism includes a pressure sensor 11 and a conductive slip ring 21. The pressure sensor 11 is embedded in the groove of the sample fixing plate 12. The inner ring of the conductive slip ring 21 is fixed on the output shaft 9, and the outer ring is fixed on the lower part of the assembly frame 33.

[0042] like Figure 5-6 As shown, the rock placement mechanism includes a baffle 22, a pressure plate 23, a rock bucket 24, a bucket fixing plate 25, and a weight 34. The rock bucket 24 is fixed to the lower portion of the assembly frame 33 via the bucket fixing plate 25. The baffle 22 is fixedly mounted in the rock bucket 24. Large granular rocks of different types are placed as required for experimental research. The pressure plate 23 is placed above the rocks, and the weight 34 is placed above the pressure plate to exert a certain pressure on the rocks.

[0043] like Figure 5-6 As shown, the gravel collection mechanism includes an ash shield sleeve 26, a sieve plate 27, and a collection plate 28, wherein the ash shield sleeve 26 is installed at the intersection of the output shaft 9 and the rock barrel 24 to prevent dust from entering the thrust bearing 14, the sieve plate 27 is installed at the lower part of the rock barrel 24 to perform preliminary screening of the gravel, and the collection plate 28 is installed on the bottom plate 15 below the sieve plate 27 to collect the fallen gravel.

[0044] like Figure 6 As shown, the temperature measurement and control mechanism includes temperature sensor No. 1 29, temperature sensor No. 2 30, a coil heater 31, and a heater mounting plate 32. Temperature sensor No. 1 29 is mounted at the inlet of baffle 22 to measure the inlet temperature of coating sample 10; temperature sensor No. 2 30 is mounted at the outlet of baffle 22 to measure the outlet temperature of coating sample 10. The coil heater 31 is secured to the center of the assembly frame 33 via the heater mounting plate 32. Under actual operating conditions, the impact wear temperature of hard rock can reach 800-1000°C. To simulate actual operating temperatures, during the experiment, temperature sensor No. 1 29 detected the inlet temperature of coating sample 10, and temperature sensor No. 2 30 detected the outlet temperature of coating sample 10. When the outlet temperature was below the set experimental temperature, the coil heater 31 heated the coating sample 10. Heating ceased when the outlet temperature exceeded the set temperature.

[0045] Example 2:

[0046] Please refer to Figures 1 to 6 , an experimental method for evaluating a coating's resistance to rock impact wear, comprising the following steps:

[0047] Step 1: The prepared coating sample 10 is fixed to the sample fixing plate 12 through the C-type screw 17. The longitudinal angle between the sample fixing plate 12 and the connected longitudinal connecting seat 19 is adjusted and fixed with the A-type nut screw 18; the transverse angle between the longitudinal connecting seat 19 and the axial fixing seat 13 is adjusted and fixed with the B-type nut screw 20. Finally, the coating sample 10 is turned to the middle position of the baffle 22 to achieve the purpose of adjusting the sample 10 and the contact angle.

[0048] Step 2: Place the selected rock into the working area between the rock bucket 24 and the baffle 22, then press the pressure plate 23 onto the rock. The pressure sensor 11 is located between the coating sample 10 and the sample fixing plate 12. The conductive slip ring 21 fixed on the output shaft 9 plays the role of transmitting the pressure signal. By adding a weight 34 above the pressure plate 23, the change in the pressure signal value is observed, and the required contact pressure is adjusted to complete the adjustment of the initial contact pressure between the coating sample 10 and the rock.

[0049] Step 4: Start the reduction motor 1, which drives the torque-speed sensor 5 to rotate through the A-type universal joint coupling 3. Then, the torque-speed sensor 5 drives the output shaft 9 to rotate through the B-type universal joint coupling 6. The axial fixing seat 13 fixed on the output shaft 9 rotates accordingly, thereby driving the coating sample 10 on the sample fixing plate 12 connected to the axial fixing seat 13 to rotate. At the same time, the torque-speed sensor 5 measures the torque and speed output by the reduction motor 1, and the pressure sensor 11 measures the pressure on the coating sample 10. The torque, speed and contact pressure of the coating sample 10 are measured during rotation.

[0050] Step 5: Coating sample 10 rotates through the center of baffle 22, where it rubs against the rock. This causes the temperature of coating sample 10 to rise. As it exits baffle 22, the temperature of coating sample 10 drops. Temperature sensors 1 (No. 1) and 2 (No. 2) located at the entrance and exit of baffle 22 measure the temperature drop and the temperature increase after friction with the rock, respectively. Turning on coil heater 31 heats the coating sample 10 as it passes through, enabling friction studies of coating sample 10 at specific temperatures.

[0051] Step 6: During the impact and friction process, the rock and coating sample 10 will be continuously broken and fall into the sieve plate 27. The sieve plate 27 will screen the crushed stones and drop them into the collection plate 28, thus completing the screening and collection of the crushed stones.

Claims

1. An experimental device for evaluating the resistance of a coating to rock impact wear, characterized by: The invention comprises a mounting frame (33), an output shaft (9) being rotatably mounted on the mounting frame (33), and the output shaft (9) being driven to rotate by a reduction motor (1); a coating sample (10) being fixed on the output shaft (9) through an adjustable mounting seat and being away from the axis of the output shaft (9); A rock bucket (24) is installed at the lower part of the mounting frame (33), and a baffle (22) with a slot is provided in the rock bucket (24). The baffle (22) divides the space in the rock bucket (24) into a working area and a non-working area. The working area contains rocks. When the coating sample (10) rotates through the working area, the coating sample (10) is in frictional contact with the rocks in the working area. When the coating sample (10) rotates through the non-working area, the coating sample (10) is separated from the rocks in the working area. The output shaft (9) is provided with a torque-speed sensor (5), which is used to measure the torque and speed output by the reduction motor (1); A pressure sensor (11) is installed between the coating sample (10) and the adjustable mounting seat, and the pressure sensor (11) is used to measure the pressure exerted on the coating sample (10); A temperature measuring and controlling mechanism is installed in the non-working area, and the temperature measuring and controlling mechanism is used to measure the temperature of the coating sample (10) before and after friction with the rock when passing through the working area, and to regulate the temperature in the rock barrel (24); The adjustable mounting seat includes an axial fixing seat (13), the axial fixing seat (13) is fixed on the output shaft (9), one side of the axial fixing seat (13) is detachably connected to a flange on the longitudinal connecting seat (19), and an ear plate on the other side of the longitudinal connecting seat (19) is detachably connected to the sample fixing plate (12); the coating sample (10) is fixed on the sample fixing plate (12); The baffle (22) includes a left baffle (22.1) and a right baffle (22.2), wherein a certain angle is formed between the left baffle (22.1) and the right baffle (22.2), the left baffle (22.1) and the right baffle (22.2) are located relatively close to each other on one side of the output shaft (9) and are connected via an arc-shaped plate (22.3), and a slot (22.4) is provided on the left baffle (22.1), the right baffle (22.2) and the arc-shaped plate (22.3) at a position opposite to the coating sample (10); The temperature measurement and control mechanism comprises a No. 1 temperature sensor (29), a No. 2 temperature sensor (30), and a coil heater (31); wherein the No. 1 temperature sensor (29) and the No. 2 temperature sensor (30) are respectively mounted on the baffle (22) and located at the entrance and exit of the working area; and the coil heater (31) is fixed in the non-working area via a heater mounting plate (32).

2. The experimental device for evaluating the resistance of a coating to rock impact wear according to claim 1, characterized in that: A pressure plate (23) is provided above the left baffle (22.1) and the right baffle (22.2), and the pressure plate (23) presses on the rock.

3. The experimental device for evaluating the resistance of a coating to rock impact wear according to claim 2, characterized in that: A weight (34) is placed on the pressing plate (23).

4. The experimental device for evaluating the resistance of a coating to rock impact wear according to claim 3, characterized in that: The bottom end of the rock bucket (24) is threadedly connected to a sieve plate (27), and a collecting plate (28) is provided below the sieve plate (27). The collecting plate (28) is fixed to the bottom plate (15) of the mounting frame (33).

5. The method for conducting an experiment using the experimental device for evaluating the resistance of a coating to rock impact wear according to claim 4, comprising the following steps: Step 1: The prepared coating sample (10) is fixed to the sample fixing plate (12) through a C-type screw (17), and the longitudinal angle between the sample fixing plate (12) and the connected longitudinal connecting seat (19) is adjusted, and fixed with an A-type nut screw (18); the transverse angle between the longitudinal connecting seat (19) and the axial fixing seat (13) is adjusted, and fixed with a B-type nut screw (20), and finally the coating sample (10) is turned to the middle position of the baffle (22) to achieve the purpose of adjusting the coating sample (10) and the contact angle; Step 2: Place the selected rock into the working area of the rock bucket (24) and the baffle (22), and then press the pressure plate (23) onto the rock; the pressure sensor (11) is located between the coating sample (10) and the sample fixing plate (12), and the conductive slip ring (21) fixed on the output shaft (9) plays the role of transmitting the pressure signal. By adding a weight (34) above the pressure plate (23), the change in the pressure signal value is observed and the required contact pressure is adjusted to complete the adjustment of the initial contact pressure between the coating sample (10) and the rock; Step 4: Start the reduction motor (1), the reduction motor (1) drives the torque-speed sensor (5) to rotate through the A-type universal joint coupling (3), and then the torque-speed sensor (5) drives the output shaft (9) to rotate through the B-type universal joint coupling (6), and the axial fixing seat (13) fixed on the output shaft (9) rotates accordingly, thereby driving the coating sample (10) on the sample fixing plate (12) connected to the axial fixing seat (13) to rotate; at the same time, the torque-speed sensor (5) will measure the torque and speed output by the reduction motor (1), and the pressure sensor (11) will measure the pressure on the coating sample (10); complete the measurement of the torque, speed and contact pressure of the coating sample (10) when it rotates; Step 5: The coating sample (10) rotates through the middle of the baffle (22) and contacts the rock by friction, and the temperature of the coating sample (10) rises; when rotating out of the baffle (22), the temperature of the coating sample (10) drops; the No. 1 temperature sensor (29) and the No. 2 temperature sensor (30) located at the inlet and outlet of the baffle (22) respectively measure the falling temperature and the rising temperature after friction with the rock; turning on the coil heater (31) will heat the coating sample (10) passing through, so as to achieve the purpose of studying the friction of the coating sample (10) at a specific temperature; Step 6: During the impact and friction process, the rock and coating sample (10) will be continuously broken and fall into the sieve plate (27). The sieve plate (27) will screen the crushed stones and drop them into the collection plate (28), thus completing the screening and collection of the crushed stones.

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