A broadband 5G millimeter-wave multiple-input multiple-output antenna

Abstract

This invention discloses a broadband 5G millimeter-wave multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna, comprising a magnetoelectric dipole antenna, a Fabry-Perot resonant cavity, and a lens. The Fabry-Perot resonant cavity covers the magnetoelectric dipole antenna, and the lens is integrated on the upper surface of the Fabry-Perot resonant cavity. By using this invention, high isolation between the antenna ports can be achieved by utilizing the shielding partition to suppress surface waves and the orthogonal polarization characteristics of the antenna. High antenna gain is achieved by integrating the Fabry-Perot resonant cavity and lens onto the magnetoelectric dipole antenna. This invention, as a broadband 5G millimeter-wave MIMO antenna, can be widely applied in the field of MIMO antenna technology.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of multiple-input multiple-output antenna technology, and more particularly to a broadband 5G millimeter-wave multiple-input multiple-output antenna. Background Technology

[0002] 5G millimeter-wave multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antennas are a key component of 5G millimeter-wave wireless communication systems. The 5G millimeter-wave frequency band covers 24.25-52.6 GHz, characterized by high frequency and large bandwidth. MIMO technology has significant advantages in improving the spectral efficiency and reliability of communication systems. This technology can fully utilize spatial resources, increase the channel capacity of communication systems, and improve data throughput without increasing communication bandwidth, thereby meeting users' requirements for communication quality. Therefore, there is an urgent need for broadband 5G millimeter-wave MIMO antennas. Simultaneously, 5G millimeter-wave MIMO antennas also need to possess high gain and high isolation characteristics. Currently, existing 5G millimeter-wave MIMO antennas cannot simultaneously meet the requirements of broadband, high gain, and high isolation for 5G millimeter-wave wireless communication systems. Furthermore, one proposed three-port MIMO antenna has a bandwidth of 27.5-32 GHz (15%), which suffers from insufficient bandwidth. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the aforementioned technical problems, the present invention aims to provide a broadband 5G millimeter-wave multiple-input multiple-output antenna that can utilize shielding to suppress surface waves and the orthogonal polarization characteristics of the antenna to achieve high isolation between the various ports of the antenna. By integrating a Fabry-Perot resonant cavity and a lens on a magnetoelectric dipole antenna, high antenna gain is achieved.

[0004] The first technical solution adopted in this invention is: a broadband 5G millimeter-wave multiple-input multiple-output antenna, comprising a magnetoelectric dipole antenna, a Fabry-Perot resonant cavity, and a lens, wherein the magnetoelectric dipole antenna is covered by the Fabry-Perot resonant cavity, and the lens is integrated on the upper surface of the Fabry-Perot resonant cavity, wherein:

[0005] The magnetoelectric dipole antenna is used to achieve broadband electromagnetic radiation;

[0006] The Fabry-Perot resonant cavity is used to improve the antenna gain;

[0007] The lens is used to increase the gain of the antenna.

[0008] Furthermore, the arrangement of the magnetoelectric dipole antennas includes parallel arrangement and orthogonal arrangement.

[0009] Furthermore, the magnetoelectric dipole antenna includes a rectangular waveguide feed port and cuboid bosses, wherein the rectangular waveguide feed port is located between two cuboid bosses, wherein:

[0010] The rectangular waveguide feed port is used to feed the magnetoelectric dipole antenna;

[0011] The cuboid boss is used to adjust the frequency and bandwidth of the radiation.

[0012] Furthermore, in the magnetoelectric dipole antenna, the long side of the rectangular waveguide feed port is parallel to the long side of the cuboid boss, and the length of the long side of the cuboid boss is not less than the length of the long side of the rectangular waveguide feed port.

[0013] Furthermore, the upper surface of the magnetoelectric dipole antenna is a metal layer, the interior of the magnetoelectric dipole antenna is filled with solid material, and the magnetoelectric dipole antenna is surrounded by metal partitions.

[0014] Furthermore, the thickness of the metal layer on the upper surface of the magnetoelectric dipole antenna is greater than the skin depth of the electromagnetic wave at the lowest radiation frequency, and the height of the metal partitions around the magnetoelectric dipole antenna is the same and less than half the wavelength of the free space electromagnetic wave at the center frequency.

[0015] Furthermore, the partial reflection structure of the Fabry-Perot resonant cavity is composed of an insulating cuboid plate.

[0016] Furthermore, the distance between the lower surface of the partially reflective structure of the Fabry-Perot resonant cavity and the upper surface of the magnetoelectric dipole antenna is less than half the wavelength of the free-space electromagnetic wave at the center frequency.

[0017] Furthermore, the lens is composed of multiple insulating cylindrical rings of equal height, and the lens and the Fabry-Perot resonant cavity are integrated into a single unit, forming an integrated structure.

[0018] The beneficial effects of the antenna of the present invention are as follows: The present invention provides a broadband 5G millimeter-wave multiple-input multiple-output antenna, including a magnetoelectric dipole antenna, a Fabry-Perot resonant cavity, and a lens structure. A copper metal partition is set around each magnetoelectric dipole antenna to suppress surface waves, thereby improving the isolation between antenna ports. The magnetoelectric dipole antenna element realizes broadband radiation characteristics, and the shielding partition suppresses surface waves and the orthogonal polarization characteristics of the antenna achieve high isolation between the antenna ports. By integrating the Fabry-Perot resonant cavity and lens on the magnetoelectric dipole antenna, high antenna gain is achieved. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a broadband 5G millimeter-wave multiple-input multiple-output antenna according to the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present invention, which only includes the magnetoelectric dipole antenna portion;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the Fabry-Perot resonant cavity integrated into the magnetoelectric dipole antenna of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 The gain of the magnetoelectric dipole antenna with integrated Fabry-Perot resonant cavity at 35 GHz varies with h according to the present invention. f A schematic diagram of the changing simulation results;

[0023] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the magnetoelectric dipole antenna integrating a Fabry-Perot resonant cavity and a lens according to the present invention.

[0024] Figure 6 The gain of the magnetoelectric dipole antenna integrating a Fabry-Perot resonant cavity and lens of this invention at 35 GHz varies with h. l A schematic diagram of the changing simulation results;

[0025] Figure 7 This is a reflection coefficient diagram from simulation and testing of a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 8 This is a diagram showing the coupling coefficients between simulation and testing in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 9 This is the E-plane radiation pattern of the first magnetoelectric dipole antenna element in a specific embodiment of the present invention at 35 GHz, based on simulation and testing.

[0028] Figure 10 This is the H-plane radiation pattern of the first magnetoelectric dipole antenna element in a specific embodiment of the present invention at 35 GHz, based on simulation and testing.

[0029] Reference numerals: A1, First magnetoelectric dipole antenna element; A2, Second magnetoelectric dipole antenna element; A3, Third magnetoelectric dipole antenna element; B1, First Fabry-Perot resonant cavity; B2, Second Fabry-Perot resonant cavity; B3, Third Fabry-Perot resonant cavity; C1, First lens; C2, Second lens; C3, Third lens; D1, Rectangular waveguide feed port; D2, Cuboid boss; D3, Spacing plate. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The step numbers in the following embodiments are only for ease of explanation and do not limit the order of the steps. The execution order of each step in the embodiments can be adapted according to the understanding of those skilled in the art.

[0031] Reference Figure 1 This invention provides a broadband 5G millimeter-wave multiple-input multiple-output antenna, comprising a magnetoelectric dipole antenna, a Fabry-Perot resonant cavity, and a lens. The Fabry-Perot resonant cavity covers the magnetoelectric dipole antenna, and a lens is integrated on the upper surface of the Fabry-Perot resonant cavity.

[0032] The magnetoelectric dipole antenna is used to achieve broadband electromagnetic radiation. Each magnetoelectric dipole antenna includes a rectangular waveguide feed port and two cuboid bosses. The rectangular waveguide feed port is used to feed the magnetoelectric dipole antenna. The cuboid bosses are used to adjust the radiation frequency and bandwidth. The long side of the rectangular waveguide feed port is parallel to the long side of the cuboid bosses, and the length of the long side of the cuboid bosses is not less than the length of the long side of the rectangular waveguide feed port, which helps to improve the radiation bandwidth. The surface of the magnetoelectric dipole antenna has a metal layer with a thickness greater than the skin depth of the electromagnetic wave at the lowest radiation frequency. The interior can be made of metal or non-metallic solid material. Each magnetoelectric dipole antenna has metal-surfaced partitions around its perimeter. The height of the partitions is the same and less than half the wavelength of the free-space electromagnetic wave at the center frequency, which helps to improve the isolation and meet the height requirements of the Fabry-Perot resonator. The magnetoelectric dipole antennas can be arranged in parallel or orthogonal arrangements rotated by 90 degrees.

[0033] Furthermore, the magnetoelectric dipole antenna includes magnetoelectric dipole antenna elements A1, A2, and A3, as shown below. Figure 2 The diagram shows a three-dimensional view containing only the magnetoelectric dipole antenna portion. Each magnetoelectric dipole antenna includes a rectangular waveguide feed port D1 and two cuboid bosses D2. The long side of the rectangular waveguide feed port is parallel to the long side of the cuboid bosses, and the length of the long side of the cuboid bosses is equal to the length of the long side of the rectangular waveguide feed port. The magnetoelectric dipole antennas are made of copper. Each magnetoelectric dipole antenna has copper metal spacers around its perimeter, which suppress surface waves and thus improve the isolation between antenna ports. The specific geometric dimensions of this embodiment are: L = 61 mm, W = 22.2 mm, H = 18.88 mm, L1 = 7.11 mm, L2 = 7.11 mm, W1 = 3.56 mm, W2 = 9 mm, h1 = 1.68 mm, h2 = 4 mm, h s =1.68mm, h l =9mm;

[0034] Among them, magnetoelectric dipole antenna A1 and magnetoelectric dipole antenna A2 are arranged in parallel, and magnetoelectric dipole antenna A3 is arranged orthogonally relative to magnetoelectric dipole antenna A1 by rotating 90 degrees.

[0035] The Fabry-Perot resonant cavity is used to improve the antenna gain. The partial reflection structure of the Fabry-Perot resonant cavity is composed of a cuboid plate, which is located above the magnetoelectric dipole antenna. The distance from the cuboid plate to the upper surface of the magnetoelectric dipole is less than half the wavelength of the free space electromagnetic wave at the center frequency. The cuboid plate is made of an insulating material.

[0036] Furthermore, the partial reflection structure of the Fabry-Perot resonant cavity is composed of a rectangular thin plate, located above the magnetoelectric dipole antenna, as shown below. Figure 3 As shown, the thickness h of the rectangular thin plate d Take a 1.4mm diameter cuboid plate and the distance h between it and the upper surface of the magnetoelectric dipole antenna. f The gain at 35 GHz frequency varies with h f The simulation results of the changes are as follows Figure 4 As shown, the optimized h f Using a diameter of 2.8 mm, the resulting gain is 13.9 dBi. The rectangular thin plate is made of polytetrafluoroethylene.

[0037] The lens is used to improve the gain of the antenna. The lens is composed of multiple cylindrical rings, each with the same height. The lens is made of an insulating material. The cuboid plate is made of the same insulating material as the lens. The lens is integrated on the surface of the Fabry-Perot resonant cavity and has an integrated structure.

[0038] Furthermore, the lens is composed of four cylindrical rings, each with a height of h. l ,like Figure 5 As shown, the gain at 35 GHz varies with h l The simulation results of the changes are as follows Figure 6 As shown, the optimized h l Using a 9mm lens, a gain of 16.3dBi was achieved, realizing high gain. The lens material used was polytetrafluoroethylene.

[0039] The cuboid plate and lens of the Fabry-Perot resonant cavity are both made of polytetrafluoroethylene. The lens is integrated on the surface of the Fabry-Perot resonant cavity, forming an integrated structure.

[0040] Reference Figure 7The simulation and test reflection coefficient diagrams for this specific embodiment are provided. As can be seen from the diagrams, the simulated reflection coefficient is less than -10dB within the frequency range of 24.85-43.5GHz, and the tested reflection coefficient is also less than -10dB within the same frequency range. Figure 8 The simulation and test coupling coefficient diagrams of this specific embodiment are given. As can be seen from the diagram, the simulation coupling coefficient is <-23dB in the frequency range of 24.85-43.5GHz, while the test coupling coefficient is <-27dB in the frequency range of 24-43.5GHz. Therefore, the antenna of the present invention can achieve high isolation.

[0041] Reference Figure 9 The simulation and test E-plane radiation pattern of the first magnetoelectric dipole antenna element in this specific embodiment at 35 GHz are presented. Figure 10 The simulation and test H-plane radiation patterns of the first magnetoelectric dipole antenna element of this specific embodiment at 35 GHz are given. At the 35 GHz frequency, the simulated gain is 16.1 dBi, while the test gain is 15.6 dBi.

[0042] The specific implementation principle of the antenna of this invention is as follows:

[0043] The broadband 5G millimeter-wave multiple-input multiple-output antenna of the present invention includes multiple magnetoelectric dipole antennas, a Fabry-Perot resonant cavity, and a lens. The Fabry-Perot resonant cavity and the lens are arranged sequentially above the magnetoelectric dipole antennas. The magnetoelectric dipole antennas have a wide bandwidth and high gain. Each magnetoelectric dipole antenna has a metal surface partition around its perimeter to suppress surface waves, thereby achieving high isolation between antenna ports. At the same time, the isolation can be further improved by utilizing the orthogonal polarization characteristics of the antennas. A Fabry-Perot resonant cavity is integrated above each magnetoelectric dipole antenna to improve the antenna gain. By integrating a dielectric lens on the surface of the Fabry-Perot resonant cavity, the antenna gain is further improved. Therefore, by integrating the Fabry-Perot resonant cavity and the lens on the magnetoelectric dipole antenna, a broadband, high-gain, and high-isolation 5G millimeter-wave multiple-input multiple-output antenna is realized.

[0044] The above is a detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention. However, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described. Those skilled in the art can make various equivalent modifications or substitutions without departing from the spirit of the present invention. All such equivalent modifications or substitutions are included within the scope defined by the claims of this application.

Claims

1. A broadband 5G millimeter-wave multiple-input multiple-output antenna, characterized in that, The system includes a magnetoelectric dipole antenna, a Fabry-Perot resonant cavity, and a lens. The magnetoelectric dipole antenna is covered by the Fabry-Perot resonant cavity, and a lens is integrated on the upper surface of the Fabry-Perot resonant cavity. The lens is composed of multiple insulating cylindrical rings of equal height, and the lens and the Fabry-Perot resonant cavity are integrated into a single unit, forming a unified structure. The magnetoelectric dipole antenna is used to achieve broadband electromagnetic radiation; The Fabry-Perot resonant cavity is used to improve the antenna gain; The lens is used to increase the antenna gain.

2. The broadband 5G millimeter-wave multiple-input multiple-output antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The arrangement of the magnetoelectric dipole antennas includes parallel arrangement and orthogonal arrangement.

3. The broadband 5G millimeter-wave multiple-input multiple-output antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The magnetoelectric dipole antenna includes a rectangular waveguide feed port and cuboid bosses, wherein the rectangular waveguide feed port is located between the two cuboid bosses, and: The rectangular waveguide feed port is used to feed the magnetoelectric dipole antenna; The cuboid boss is used to adjust the frequency and bandwidth of the radiation.

4. The broadband 5G millimeter-wave multiple-input multiple-output antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that, In a magnetoelectric dipole antenna, the long side of the rectangular waveguide feed port is parallel to the long side of the cuboid boss, and the length of the long side of the cuboid boss is not less than the length of the long side of the rectangular waveguide feed port.

5. The broadband 5G millimeter-wave multiple-input multiple-output antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper surface of the magnetoelectric dipole antenna is a metal layer, the interior of the magnetoelectric dipole antenna is filled with solid material, and the magnetoelectric dipole antenna is surrounded by metal partitions.

6. The broadband 5G millimeter-wave multiple-input multiple-output antenna according to claim 5, characterized in that, The thickness of the metal layer on the upper surface of the magnetoelectric dipole antenna is greater than the skin depth of the electromagnetic wave at the lowest radiation frequency, and the height of the metal partitions around the magnetoelectric dipole antenna is the same and less than half the wavelength of the free space electromagnetic wave at the center frequency.

7. The broadband 5G millimeter-wave multiple-input multiple-output antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The partial reflection structure of the Fabry-Perot resonant cavity is composed of an insulating cuboid plate.

8. A broadband 5G millimeter-wave multiple-input multiple-output antenna according to claim 7, characterized in that, The distance between the lower surface of the partial reflection structure of the Fabry-Perot resonant cavity and the upper surface of the magnetoelectric dipole antenna is less than half the wavelength of the free-space electromagnetic wave at the center frequency.

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