Human body electric shock quick removal device

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the field of electrical engineering technology and provides a device for rapid removal of electric shock to human body, wherein the device for rapid removal of electric shock to human body comprises a sub-circuit, a monitoring circuit, a switch unit and a control unit, the sub-circuit is separated from the main circuit and is provided with a grounding circuit and a Y-shaped circuit, the Y-shaped circuit forms a neutral point, the monitoring circuit comprises a first monitoring unit and a second monitoring unit, the first monitoring unit is used to monitor the phase voltage of each phase circuit in the sub-circuit, the second monitoring unit is used to monitor the zero-point voltage of the neutral point, the switch unit is arranged on the grounding circuit, the control unit is connected to the first monitoring unit and the second monitoring unit in communication and is configured to control the action of the corresponding phase switch unit according to the change rate of the phase voltage and the change rate of the zero-point voltage. By using the phase voltage change rate and the zero-point voltage change rate as the conditions for judging the electric shock phase, the electric shock phase identification accuracy and identification speed are increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of electrical engineering, and in particular relates to a device for quickly removing electric shock from a human body. Background Art

[0002] With the transformation and upgrading of the power grid, the "three-phase three-wire" 10KV distribution method has become popular. Although the "three-phase three-wire" 10KV distribution method can effectively improve the reliability of power supply and reduce line losses, high voltage also means high risk. Although a fault cut-off switch is installed in the existing power grid, this fault cut-off switch has the disadvantages of low accuracy in identifying the electric shock phase and slow switch action, which makes it difficult to cut off the electric shock in time. According to statistics, the number of people who die in my country due to accidental contact with 10kV wires due to crane construction, fishing, etc. exceeds 8,000 per year. Therefore, it is necessary to study the 10kV electric shock prevention and control device to ensure the life safety of people who are electrocuted. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of the above-mentioned defects or shortcomings, the present invention provides a device for quickly cutting off electric shock to the human body, aiming to solve the technical problem that the existing high-voltage fault cut-off switch has the disadvantages of low electric shock phase identification accuracy and slow switch action, which makes it difficult to ensure the life safety of people who are electrocuted.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides a device for quickly removing electric shock from a human body, wherein the device for quickly removing electric shock from a human body comprises a sub-circuit, a monitoring circuit, a switch unit and a control unit. The sub-circuit is separated from the main circuit and is provided with a grounding circuit and a Y-shaped circuit. The Y-shaped circuit forms a neutral point. The monitoring circuit comprises a first monitoring unit and a second monitoring unit. The first monitoring unit is used to monitor the phase voltage of each phase circuit in the sub-circuit, and the second monitoring unit is used to monitor the zero-point voltage of the neutral point. The switch unit is arranged on the grounding circuit. The control unit is communicatively connected with the first monitoring unit and the second monitoring unit and is configured to be able to control the action of the switch unit of the corresponding phase according to the change rate of the phase voltage and the change rate of the zero-point voltage.

[0005] In an embodiment of the present invention, the switch unit includes a switch body and a first drive disk and a second drive disk arranged at intervals. The first drive disk is provided with an excitation circuit connected from a neutral point, and a first controlled switch is provided on the excitation circuit. The second drive disk is provided with an induction circuit, and the second drive disk is transmission-connected to the switch body, wherein the control unit is configured to be able to judge the electric shock phase circuit according to the phase voltage change rate and control the action of the first controlled switch of the corresponding phase.

[0006] In an embodiment of the present invention, a power excitation amplifier circuit is also provided in parallel with the excitation circuit, and the power excitation amplifier circuit is used to increase the input voltage amplitude of the excitation circuit.

[0007] In an embodiment of the present invention, the power excitation amplifier circuit is a pulse amplifier circuit and includes a capacitor and a discharge switch arranged in series.

[0008] In an embodiment of the present invention, the capacitor includes a first capacitor and a second capacitor connected in parallel, the discharge switch includes a first discharge switch and a second discharge switch connected in parallel, and there is a discharge interval between the first discharge switch and the second discharge switch.

[0009] In an embodiment of the present invention, the first driving disk and the second driving disk are made of non-magnetic conductive materials.

[0010] In an embodiment of the present invention, the thickness of the first driving disk and the second driving disk is between 1 cm and 2 cm, and the thickness of the excitation coil of the excitation circuit is between 5 cm and 7 cm.

[0011] In an embodiment of the present invention, the first monitoring unit includes a three-phase voltage transformer and a voltage detector, the input end of the three-phase voltage transformer is connected to the sub-circuit, the output end of the three-phase voltage transformer is connected to the voltage detector, and the voltage detector is communicatively connected to the control unit.

[0012] In an embodiment of the present invention, a transformer is provided on the sub-circuit, the output end of the transformer is connected in a Y shape and forms a neutral point, and the second monitoring unit includes a voltage sensor connected to the neutral point, and the voltage sensor is communicatively connected to the control unit.

[0013] In an embodiment of the present invention, the monitoring circuit also includes a current monitoring unit, one end of the current monitoring unit is connected to the neutral point, and the other end is grounded. The current monitoring unit is provided with a second controlled switch and a current sensor, and the current sensor is communicatively connected to the control unit.

[0014] Through the above technical solution, the human body electric shock rapid removal device provided by the embodiment of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0015] Under normal conditions, the phase voltage values ​​of each phase circuit in the sub-circuit monitored by the first monitoring unit are equal, and the zero-point voltage value of the neutral point monitored by the second monitoring unit is zero. When electric shock occurs in one of the phase circuits in the main circuit, the phase voltage of the corresponding phase in the sub-circuit will decrease, and the zero-point voltage value of the neutral point will increase rapidly. At this time, the control unit can determine that an electric shock accident has occurred based on the rate of change of the zero-point voltage, and determine the specific electric shock phase based on the rate of change of the phase voltage, so as to accurately and quickly control the action of the switch unit of the corresponding phase. In summary, the present invention uses the first monitoring unit and the second monitoring unit to respectively monitor the phase voltage of each phase circuit in the three-phase sub-circuit and the zero-point voltage of the neutral point, and uses the phase voltage change rate and the zero-point voltage change rate as the conditions for judging the electric shock phase, thereby increasing the accuracy and speed of electric shock phase identification, and thus facilitating the rapid removal of the electric shock phase circuit.

[0016] Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in detail in the following detailed description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] The accompanying drawings are used to provide an understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the following specific embodiments, they are used to explain the present invention, but do not constitute a limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0018] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the wiring structure of a device for rapid removal of electric shock from a human body according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a switch unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 is a circuit diagram of a power source excitation amplifier circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Description of reference numerals:

[0022] 1 Sub-circuit 11 Grounding circuit

[0023] 12 Transformer 121 Neutral point

[0024] 2 Bus line 3 Monitoring line

[0025] 31 First monitoring unit 311 Three-phase voltage transformer

[0026] 312 voltage detector 32 second monitoring unit

[0027] 321 Voltage sensor 33 Current monitoring unit

[0028] 331 second controlled switch 4 switch unit

[0029] 41 switch body 42 first drive disk

[0030] 43 second driving disk 431 sensing circuit

[0031] 44 Excitation circuit 441 First controlled switch

[0032] 442 Excitation coil 45 Power supply excitation amplifier circuit

[0033] 451 first capacitor 452 second capacitor

[0034] 453 first discharge switch 454 second discharge switch DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to illustrate and explain the present invention, and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0036] The human body electric shock quick removal device of the present invention is described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0037] The present invention provides a device for quickly removing electric shock from a human body, wherein: Figure 1 As shown, the human body electric shock rapid removal device comprises:

[0038] Sub-circuit 1 is branched from main circuit 2 and is provided with grounding circuit 11 and Y-shaped circuit, and the Y-shaped circuit is formed with a neutral point 121;

[0039] The monitoring circuit 3 includes a first monitoring unit 31 and a second monitoring unit 32, wherein the first monitoring unit 31 is used to monitor the phase voltage of each phase circuit in the sub-circuit 1, and the second monitoring unit 32 is used to monitor the zero-point voltage of the neutral point 121;

[0040] A switch unit 4 is provided on the ground line 11; and

[0041] The control unit is communicatively connected with the first monitoring unit 31 and the second monitoring unit 32 and is configured to control the operation of the switch unit 4 of the corresponding phase according to the change rate of the phase voltage and the change rate of the zero-point voltage.

[0042] Under normal conditions, the phase voltage values ​​of each phase circuit in the sub-circuit 1 monitored by the first monitoring unit 31 are equal, and the zero-point voltage value of the neutral point 121 monitored by the second monitoring unit 32 is zero. When a single-phase electric shock accident occurs in the bus line 2, the first monitoring unit 31 will monitor that the phase voltage of one of the phase circuits in the sub-circuit 1 decreases rapidly, and the second monitoring unit 32 will monitor that the zero-point voltage value at the neutral point 121 increases rapidly from zero. Since the control unit is communicated with the first monitoring unit 31 and the second monitoring unit 32, by obtaining the monitoring data of the second monitoring unit 32 and calculating the change rate of the zero-point voltage, it is possible to determine whether an electric shock accident has occurred. By obtaining the monitoring data of the first monitoring unit 31 and calculating the change rate of the phase voltage of each phase circuit in the sub-circuit 1, the electric shock phase circuit in the three-phase circuit can be determined. The control unit controls the action of the switch unit 4 of the corresponding phase according to the determination result, so that the short-circuit removal of the electric shock phase circuit can be achieved accurately and quickly. In summary, the present invention uses the first monitoring unit 31 and the second monitoring unit 32 to respectively monitor the phase voltage of each phase circuit in the three-phase sub-circuit 1 and the zero-point voltage of the neutral point 121, and uses the phase voltage change rate and the zero-point voltage change rate as conditions for judging the electric shock phase, so as to quickly judge the electric shock phase circuit and facilitate the rapid removal of the electric shock phase circuit.

[0043] It should be noted that the load of the above-mentioned Y-shaped line can be set to be the same when it is arranged. At this time, the neutral point 121 of the Y-shaped line satisfies the three-phase voltage balance under normal conditions, that is, the zero-point voltage of the neutral point 121 is zero. Of course, the load in the Y-shaped line can also be different. At this time, the zero-point voltage of the neutral point 121 is stable at a value. In any case, when a single-phase electric shock accident occurs in the mother circuit, the zero-point voltage will change suddenly. By calculating the change rate of the zero-point voltage, when the change rate of the zero-point voltage is greater than the preset value, it means that an electric shock accident has occurred. By processing the data of the first monitoring unit 31, it can be determined which phase of the three-phase circuit is the electric shock phase circuit, so as to facilitate the next control action. Among them, the above-mentioned mother line 2 and sub-circuit 1 are both three-phase high-voltage lines. The purpose of setting the grounding line 11 in the sub-circuit 1 is that when an electric shock accident occurs in the mother line 2, by quickly connecting the grounding line 11 in the sub-circuit 1, the voltage and current values ​​at the electric shock point in the mother line 2 are quickly reduced to within the safe value, thereby avoiding more serious electric shock casualties. When the grounding line 11 is connected, the control unit can further control the disconnection switch in the bus line 2 to further reduce electric shock damage.

[0044] like Figure 2As shown, in an embodiment of the present invention, the switch unit 4 includes a switch body 41 and a first drive disk 42 and a second drive disk 43 arranged at intervals. The first drive disk 42 is provided with an excitation circuit 44 connected from the neutral point 121, and the excitation circuit 44 is provided with a first controlled switch 441. The second drive disk 43 is provided with an induction circuit 431, and the second drive disk 43 is transmission-connected to the switch body 41, wherein the control unit is configured to be able to judge the electric shock phase circuit according to the phase voltage change rate and control the action of the first controlled switch 441 of the corresponding phase. Specifically, since the excitation circuit 44 is connected from the neutral point 121, when the voltage of the neutral point 121 changes suddenly, a rapidly increasing impulse current will be provided to the excitation circuit 44, and the impulse current will generate a first magnetic field with a rapidly increasing magnetic flux. According to Lenz's law, the induction circuit 431 will generate an induced current, and the magnetic field generated by the induced current repels the first magnetic field. At this time, a repulsive force will be generated between the first drive disk 42 and the second drive disk 43, and the repulsive force will drive the second drive disk 43 to move. Since the second drive disk 43 is transmission-connected to the switch body 41, the switch body 41 can be actuated by moving the second drive disk 43. Since the excitation circuit 44 is connected from the neutral point 121, the change of the zero-point voltage of the neutral point 121 directly reflects the occurrence of the electric shock accident. Therefore, by using the zero-point voltage of the neutral point 121 as the excitation power supply of the excitation circuit 44, the switch unit 4 can respond faster. At the same time, in order to realize the control of the electric shock phase circuit, a first controlled switch 441 can be set on the switch unit 4, and the control unit controls the operation of the first controlled switch 441 of the corresponding phase according to the judgment result, thereby realizing the short circuit of the electric shock phase circuit. It should be noted that due to the influence of external factors of the power grid, there may be fluctuations, that is, the zero-point voltage of the neutral point 121 occasionally changes. Therefore, when judging whether an electric shock accident occurs, the change rate of the zero-point voltage of the neutral point 121 is calculated, and the purpose of setting the first controlled switch 441 is to avoid the influence of occasional fluctuations on the switch unit 4.

[0045] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, in an embodiment of the present invention, a power excitation amplifier circuit 45 is also provided in parallel with the excitation circuit 44, and the power excitation amplifier circuit 45 is used to increase the input voltage amplitude of the excitation circuit 44. Ordinary electrical components cannot directly monitor the voltage value of high-voltage wires. Therefore, in actual operation, the high-voltage line is generally stepped down first and then monitored, that is, the zero-point voltage of the neutral point 121 monitored by the second monitoring unit 32 is the stepped-down voltage. The stepped-down zero-point voltage is used as the excitation power supply of the excitation circuit 44, and there may be a situation where the repulsive force between the first drive disk 42 and the second drive disk 43 is too small, resulting in a slow switching action of the switch unit 4. Therefore, it is necessary to set a power excitation amplifier circuit 45 to increase the voltage amplitude of the excitation power supply.

[0046] like Figure 3 As shown, in the embodiment of the present invention, the power excitation amplifier circuit 45 is a pulse amplifier circuit and includes a capacitor and a discharge switch arranged in series. The capacitor is charged and then quickly discharged in a short time through the discharge switch, so as to achieve a significant increase in the voltage amplitude of the excitation power supply. For example, the voltage when connected from the zero point voltage is 580V, and the capacitor is charged and then quickly discharged in a short time through the discharge switch, so that the pulse amplitude of the excitation power supply can be greater than 9KV. The 9KV excitation power supply can achieve the switching action of the switch unit 4 within a few microseconds.

[0047] like Figure 3 As shown, in the embodiment of the present invention, the capacitor includes a first capacitor 451 and a second capacitor 452 arranged in parallel, and the discharge switch includes a first discharge switch 453 and a second discharge switch 454 arranged in parallel, and there is a discharge interval between the first discharge switch 453 and the second discharge switch 454. By setting two capacitors and staggering the first discharge switch 453 and the second discharge switch 454 to be powered on, the discharge duration of the high amplitude of the excitation power supply can be increased. For example, the discharge time interval between the first discharge switch 453 and the second discharge switch 454 is 450μs, which can make the discharge duration of the amplified excitation power supply greater than 10ms, thereby ensuring the existence time of the repulsive force, and further ensuring the operation efficiency of the switch unit 4.

[0048] In the embodiment of the present invention, the first drive disk 42 and the second drive disk 43 are made of non-magnetic materials. Specifically, the first drive disk 42 and the second drive disk 43 can be made of non-magnetic metals such as copper, aluminum, zinc, and 1Gr18Ni9Ti stainless steel. The non-magnetic metal can avoid the influence of electromagnetic induction on the magnetization of the first drive disk 42 and the second drive disk 43, thereby ensuring the reliability of the switch unit 4.

[0049] In the embodiment of the present invention, the thickness of the first drive disk 42 and the second drive disk 43 is preferably set to 1 cm to 2 cm, and the thickness of the excitation coil 442 of the excitation circuit 44 is preferably set to between 5 cm and 7 cm, so as to better ensure the magnitude of the repulsive force between the first drive disk 42 and the second drive disk 43. At the same time, the radius of the first drive disk 42 and the second drive disk 43 is preferably set to between 20 cm and 40 cm, and the radius of the excitation coil 442 in the excitation circuit 44 and the induction coil in the induction circuit 431 is preferably set to be equal to the first drive disk 42 and the second drive disk 43.

[0050] like Figure 1As shown, in the embodiment of the present invention, the first monitoring unit 31 includes a three-phase voltage transformer 311 and a voltage detector 312, the input end of the three-phase voltage transformer 311 is connected to the sub-circuit 1, the output end of the three-phase voltage transformer 311 is connected to the voltage detector 312, and the voltage detector 312 is connected to the control unit in communication. Since the sub-circuit 1 is separated from the main line 2, the voltage of the sub-circuit 1 is also high voltage, and in order to facilitate the monitoring of the phase voltage in the sub-circuit 1, the three-phase voltage transformer 311 is set to reduce the voltage, so that the voltage detector 312 can work normally. Of course, the voltage reduction can also be achieved through a three-phase transformer.

[0051] like Figure 1 As shown, in the embodiment of the present invention, a transformer 12 is provided on the sub-circuit 1, the output end of the transformer 12 is connected in a Y shape and forms a neutral point 121, and the second monitoring unit 32 includes a voltage sensor 321 connected to the neutral point 121, and the voltage sensor 321 is communicatively connected to the control unit. Similarly, in order to meet the normal working requirements of the voltage sensor 321, the voltage can be reduced by the transformer 12.

[0052] In an embodiment of the present invention, the monitoring circuit 3 also includes a current monitoring unit 33, one end of the current monitoring unit 33 is connected to the neutral point 121, and the other end is grounded. The current monitoring unit 33 is provided with a second controlled switch 331 and a current sensor, and the current sensor is communicatively connected to the control unit. In order to further increase the accuracy of the control unit's judgment, a current monitoring unit 33 can be added to monitor the current of the neutral point 121, that is, the human body electric shock rapid removal device in the present invention judges the occurrence of an electric shock fault by judging the voltage change rate and current change amount of the neutral point 121, and specifically judges the electric shock phase line by the phase voltage change rate in the first monitoring unit 31, so that the identification of the electric shock phase is more accurate. For example, when the zero-point voltage change rate of the neutral point 121 exceeds 5kV, and the current change amount of the neutral point 121 exceeds 1A, it can be considered that a single-phase grounding electric shock accident has occurred.

[0053] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0054] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral one; it can be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or communication with each other; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0055] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples, without contradiction.

[0056] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is to be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and are not to be construed as limitations of the present invention. A person skilled in the art may change, modify, replace and vary the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for rapid removal of electric shock from human body, characterized in that: The human body electric shock rapid removal device comprises: A sub-circuit (1) is branched from the main circuit (2) and is provided with a grounding circuit (11) and a Y-shaped circuit, wherein the Y-shaped circuit is provided with a neutral point (121); A monitoring circuit (3), comprising a first monitoring unit (31) and a second monitoring unit (32), wherein the first monitoring unit (31) is used to monitor the phase voltage of each phase circuit in the sub-circuit (1), and the second monitoring unit (32) is used to monitor the zero-point voltage of the neutral point (121); A switch unit (4) is arranged on the ground line (11); and a control unit, which is communicatively connected to the first monitoring unit (31) and the second monitoring unit (32) and is configured to control the operation of the switch unit (4) of the corresponding phase according to the rate of change of the phase voltage and the rate of change of the zero-point voltage; The switch unit (4) on each phase of the grounding line (11) comprises a switch body (41) and a first drive disk (42) and a second drive disk (43) arranged at intervals, the switch body (41) being arranged on the grounding line (11) and used to control the on and off of the grounding line (11) of the corresponding phase, the first drive disk (42) being provided with an excitation circuit (44) connected from the neutral point (121), the excitation circuit (44) being provided with a first controlled switch (441), the second drive disk (43) being provided with an induction circuit (431), and the second drive disk (43) being transmission-connected to the switch body (41); Wherein, the control unit is configured to determine the electric shock phase circuit according to the phase voltage change rate and control the first controlled switch (441) of the corresponding phase to operate; The first monitoring unit (31) comprises a three-phase voltage transformer (311) and a voltage detector (312), wherein an input end of the three-phase voltage transformer (311) is connected to the sub-circuit (1), an output end of the three-phase voltage transformer (311) is connected to the voltage detector (312), and the voltage detector (312) is communicatively connected to the control unit; The sub-circuit (1) is provided with a transformer (12), the output end of the transformer (12) is connected in a Y shape and forms the neutral point (121), the second monitoring unit (32) comprises a voltage sensor (321) connected to the neutral point (121), and the voltage sensor (321) is communicatively connected to the control unit; A power excitation amplifier circuit (45) is also provided in parallel with the excitation circuit (44), and the power excitation amplifier circuit (45) is used to increase the input voltage amplitude of the excitation circuit (44).

2. The device for rapid removal of electric shock from human body according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power source excitation amplifier circuit (45) is a pulse amplifier circuit and comprises a capacitor and a discharge switch which are arranged in series.

3. The device for rapid removal of electric shock from human body according to claim 2, characterized in that: The capacitor comprises a first capacitor (451) and a second capacitor (452) arranged in parallel, and the discharge switch comprises a first discharge switch (453) and a second discharge switch (454) arranged in parallel, and there is a discharge interval between the first discharge switch (453) and the second discharge switch (454).

4. The device for rapid removal of electric shock from human body according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first driving disk (42) and the second driving disk (43) are made of non-magnetic conductive material.

5. The device for rapid removal of electric shock from human body according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the first driving disk (42) and the second driving disk (43) is between 1 cm and 2 cm, and the thickness of the excitation coil (442) of the excitation circuit (44) is between 5 cm and 7 cm.

6. The device for rapid removal of electric shock from human body according to claim 1, characterized in that: The monitoring circuit (3) further comprises a current monitoring unit (33), one end of the current monitoring unit (33) being connected to the neutral point (121) and the other end being grounded, the current monitoring unit (33) being provided with a second controlled switch (331) and a current sensor, and the current sensor being communicatively connected to the control unit.

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