Fucha meal replacement powder and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The present invention provides a fucha meal replacement powder and a preparation method thereof. The raw materials include, by weight, 2 to 3 parts of fucha powder, 1 to 2 parts of fucha polysaccharide freeze-dried powder, 1 to 2 parts of cordyceps militaris polysaccharide freeze-dried powder, 1 to 2 parts of nettle leaf superfine powder, 2 to 3 parts of wolfberry powder, 2 to 3 parts of red date powder, and a protein supplement, a thickener, a colorant, and a sweetener. The meal replacement powder prepared by the present invention using fucha, cordyceps militaris, nettle, etc. as raw materials can not only regulate lipid metabolism but also provide sufficient nutrition, and meet the fast-paced life of modern people, and has a good application prospect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of food processing, and more particularly to a Fucha meal replacement powder and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous improvement of living standards, people's diet structure shows the characteristics of high fat and high sugar, and the incidence of hyperlipidemia caused by lipid metabolism disorders has increased significantly. Excessive accumulation of body fat will cause serious health problems such as fatty liver and obesity. The disadvantages of clinical application of drugs, such as easy induction of toxic and side effects, limit people's willingness to use drugs. In traditional Chinese health preservation theory, the concept of "dietary supplement" is deeply rooted, and it is easier for people to accept health conditioning with specific functional foods.

[0003] Fucha is a post-fermented dark tea with unique functions of relieving greasiness and regulating lipid and blood sugar. Historically, it has always been one of the daily beverages of people in the northwestern region. At present, it is mainly in the form of Fucha brick tea. Before drinking, it needs to be cooked or adjusted with special utensils. Although it achieves the purpose of drinking tea and regulating lipid and health care, the tea-drinking process is cumbersome and the time cycle is long, which is not suitable for the compact work and life rhythm of modern people. Meal replacement powder is a relatively popular form of instant food, with characteristics of high fiber, low calories, and easy satiety. However, there is currently no meal replacement powder product that embodies the lipid-regulating and weight-loss functions of Fucha. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to solve the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a Fucha meal replacement powder and a preparation method thereof. Using Fucha, Cordyceps militaris, nettle, etc. as raw materials, the prepared meal replacement powder can not only regulate lipid metabolism but also provide sufficient nutrition, and meet the fast-paced life of modern people.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A Fucha meal replacement powder, by weight, the raw materials include: 2-3 parts of Fucha powder, 1-2 parts of freeze-dried Fucha polysaccharide, 1-2 parts of freeze-dried Cordyceps militaris polysaccharide, 1-2 parts of nettle leaf ultrafine powder, 2-3 parts of wolfberry powder, 2-3 parts of jujube powder; and protein supplement, thickener, colorant and sweetener.

[0006] Further, by weight, the protein supplement and thickener include 10-20 parts of soy protein isolate, 5-10 parts of maltodextrin, 5-10 parts of konjac powder, 2-3 parts of tapioca starch.

[0007] Further, by weight, the colorant includes 1-2 parts of cocoa powder.

[0008] Further, by weight, the sweetener includes 2 parts of xylitol.

[0009] The present invention also provides a preparation method of a Fucha meal replacement powder, and the specific steps are as follows:

[0010] S1 Prepare Fucha powder, freeze-dried Fucha polysaccharide, freeze-dried Cordyceps militaris polysaccharide, ultrafine powder of nettle leaves, wolfberry powder and jujube powder;

[0011] S2 Mix the Fucha powder, freeze-dried Fucha polysaccharide, freeze-dried Cordyceps militaris polysaccharide, ultrafine powder of nettle leaves, wolfberry powder and jujube powder to obtain mixture 1;

[0012] S3 Add a protein supplement, thickener, color toner and sweetener to mixture 1, mix to obtain mixture 2, and sieve to obtain the Fucha meal replacement powder.

[0013] Further, in S1, the Fucha is crushed, extracted by hot water reflux, concentrated, and freeze-dried to obtain Fucha powder;

[0014] The Fucha is crushed, extracted by hot water reflux, concentrated, precipitated with alcohol, the precipitate is collected, redissolved with purified water, and freeze-dried to obtain freeze-dried Fucha polysaccharide.

[0015] Further, in S1, the Cordyceps militaris is crushed, extracted by hot water reflux, concentrated, precipitated with alcohol, the precipitate is collected, redissolved with purified water, and freeze-dried to obtain freeze-dried Cordyceps militaris polysaccharide.

[0016] Further, in S1, the nettle leaves are dried and then subjected to ultrafine pulverization treatment, and sieved through a 300-mesh sieve to obtain the ultrafine powder of nettle leaves.

[0017] Further, in S1, the wolfberries are dried and crushed, extracted by hot water reflux, concentrated, and freeze-dried to obtain wolfberry powder;

[0018] The jujubes are dried and crushed, extracted by hot water reflux, concentrated, and freeze-dried to obtain jujube powder.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0020] The present invention provides a Fucha meal replacement powder and a preparation method thereof. Taking Fucha powder, freeze-dried Fucha polysaccharide, freeze-dried Cordyceps militaris polysaccharide, ultrafine powder of nettle leaves, wolfberry powder and jujube powder as the main functional factors for regulating lipid and reducing weight of the Fucha meal replacement powder. Among them, the Fucha powder retains the color and aroma substances of Fucha; Fucha polysaccharide is one of the main effective components of Fucha, which has a significant effect on reducing blood sugar and lipid; Cordyceps militaris polysaccharide can regulate blood sugar and lipid and has antioxidant properties; nettle leaves are rich in trace elements, proteins and dietary fibers and other components, and the polysaccharides, flavonoids and other components contained therein have hypoglycemic and antioxidant effects; wolfberry and jujube have the effects of tonifying qi and blood, nourishing the liver and kidney, strengthening the spleen and stomach, and promoting qi production and body fluid. The present invention realizes the effects of regulating blood lipid and reducing weight through Fucha powder, Fucha polysaccharide, Cordyceps militaris and nettle leaves. By adding protein supplements and thickeners, it can not only provide the plant protein required by the human body, but also ensure the viscosity of the meal replacement powder when it is prepared, meeting the nutritional requirements for protein. The obtained meal replacement powder has good sensory evaluation, meets the standard requirements, can meet the requirements of modern people's fast-paced life, and has good application prospects.

[0021] The present invention uses cocoa powder as a color toner to reconcile the colors of many raw materials to meet people's requirements for the color of the meal replacement powder; uses xylitol as a sweetener, which can not only ensure the sweet taste of the meal replacement powder but also does not cause blood sugar to rise, meeting the consumption needs of people with high blood sugar and diabetes.

[0022] The present invention uses freeze-drying and ultrafine pulverization technologies to efficiently process the functional factors and then assemble them. The Fucha powder uses water extraction and freeze-drying technologies, which can fully ensure the color of Fucha and retain the aroma substances of Fucha; Fucha polysaccharide is one of the main effective components of Fucha, which has a significant effect on reducing blood sugar and lipid. Using water extraction and alcohol precipitation and freeze-drying technologies can enrich the polysaccharide substances in Fucha to ensure its lipid-regulating effect; Cordyceps militaris polysaccharide can regulate blood sugar and lipid and has antioxidant properties. Using water extraction and alcohol precipitation and freeze-drying technologies can enrich the polysaccharide substances in Cordyceps militaris to ensure its lipid-regulating effect; nettle leaves are rich in trace elements, proteins and dietary fibers and other components, and the polysaccharides, flavonoids and other components contained therein have hypoglycemic and antioxidant effects. Using ultrafine pulverization technology can maximize the dissolution of nutrients and active ingredients; wolfberry and jujube have the effects of tonifying qi and blood, nourishing the liver and kidney, strengthening the spleen and stomach, and promoting qi production and body fluid. The Fucha powder, freeze-dried Fucha polysaccharide, freeze-dried Cordyceps militaris polysaccharide, ultrafine powder of nettle leaves, wolfberry powder and jujube powder are all screened and then mixed to meet the requirements of the taste and fineness of the meal replacement powder when it is prepared. Specific embodiments

[0023] The following further illustrates the present invention in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0024] The present invention provides a Fucha meal replacement powder, which includes, by weight:

[0025] Raw materials: 2 - 3 parts of Fuzhuan tea powder, 1 - 2 parts of freeze-dried Fuzhuan tea polysaccharide, 1 - 2 parts of freeze-dried Cordyceps militaris polysaccharide, 1 - 2 parts of ultra-fine powder of nettle leaves, 2 - 3 parts of wolfberry powder, 2 - 3 parts of red date powder;

[0026] Protein supplement and thickener: 10 - 20 parts of soy protein isolate, 5 - 10 parts of maltodextrin, 5 - 10 parts of konjac powder, 2 - 3 parts of tapioca starch;

[0027] Colorant: 2 parts of cocoa powder

[0028] Sweetener: 2 parts of xylitol.

[0029] The present invention provides a preparation method of Fuzhuan tea meal replacement powder, which is as follows:

[0030] Take an appropriate amount of Fuzhuan tea, crush it through a 40-mesh sieve, extract it by hot water reflux, concentrate the extract, freeze-dry it at -50°C to -60°C for 12 - 18 h, crush it, and pass it through a 150-mesh sieve. The obtained Fuzhuan tea powder can fully obtain the water-soluble substances in Fuzhuan tea through hot water extraction, maintaining the same effect as traditional Fuzhuan tea cooking. And the freeze-drying treatment can reduce the loss of aroma substances, enabling the Fuzhuan tea powder to ensure its color and tea fragrance;

[0031] Take an appropriate amount of Fuzhuan tea, crush it through a 40-mesh sieve, extract it by hot water reflux, concentrate the extract, precipitate it with 80% - 95% edible alcohol, let it stand for 12 - 18 h, collect the precipitate, redissolve it with purified water, freeze-dry it at -50°C to -60°C for 24 - 48 h, crush it and pass it through a 150-mesh sieve to obtain the freeze-dried Fuzhuan tea polysaccharide; adopt the water extraction and alcohol precipitation technology to fully dissolve and precipitate the polysaccharide substances in Fuzhuan tea, achieving the purpose of enriching Fuzhuan tea polysaccharide; the freeze-drying treatment can avoid the structural change of Fuzhuan tea polysaccharide during the drying process to ensure its lipid-regulating effect.

[0032] Take an appropriate amount of Cordyceps militaris, crush it through a 40-mesh sieve, extract it by hot water reflux, concentrate the extract, precipitate it with 80% - 95% edible alcohol, let it stand for 12 - 18 h, collect the precipitate, redissolve it with purified water, freeze-dry it at -50°C to -60°C for 24 - 48 h, crush it and pass it through a 150-mesh sieve to obtain the freeze-dried Cordyceps militaris polysaccharide; adopt the water extraction and alcohol precipitation technology to fully dissolve and precipitate the polysaccharide substances in Cordyceps militaris, achieving the purpose of enriching Cordyceps militaris polysaccharide; the freeze-drying treatment can avoid the structural change of Cordyceps militaris polysaccharide during the drying process to ensure its lipid-regulating effect.

[0033] Take an appropriate amount of nettle leaves, dry them at 60 - 80°C for 3 - 5 h, perform ultra-fine pulverization treatment, and pass it through a 300-mesh sieve to obtain the ultra-fine powder of nettle leaves; adopt the ultra-fine pulverization technology, which not only fully micro-pulverizes the plant tissues in the leaves, ensuring a delicate taste when added to the meal replacement powder, but also enables the maximum dissolution of the nutrients and active ingredients in nettle leaves when the meal replacement powder is brewed.

[0034] Take an appropriate amount of wolfberry, dry it at 60-80°C for 3-5 hours, crush it through a 40-mesh sieve, extract it with hot water reflux, concentrate the extract, freeze-dry it at -50°C to -60°C for 12-18 hours, and crush it through a 150-mesh sieve to obtain wolfberry powder; hot water extraction can fully obtain water-soluble substances in wolfberry, reduce water-insoluble substances such as pomace, oil, cellulose, pectin, etc., and freeze-drying treatment can reduce the loss of wolfberry polysaccharides, polyphenols and other substances.

[0035] Take an appropriate amount of red dates, dry them at 60-80℃ for 3-5h, crush them through a 40-mesh sieve, extract them under hot water reflux, concentrate the extract, freeze-dry them at -50℃ to -60℃ for 12-18h, and crush them through a 150-mesh sieve to obtain red date powder. Hot water extraction can fully obtain the water-soluble substances in the red dates and reduce the pomace, and freeze-drying can reduce the loss of polysaccharides, polyphenols, flavonoids and other substances in the red dates.

[0036] Take 2-3 parts of the above-prepared Fucha powder, 1-2 parts of lyophilized powder of Fucha polysaccharide, 1-2 parts of lyophilized powder of Cordyceps militaris polysaccharide, 1-2 parts of superfine powder of nettle leaf, 2-3 parts of wolfberry powder, and 2-3 parts of red date powder and mix them fully to obtain mixture 1. The above components are in similar proportions and have outstanding functional effects. Therefore, the above components are first mixed, so that the components in mixture 1 can be uniformly dispersed, which is conducive to the uniformity of lipid-lowering and weight-loss functions in modern meal powder. 1-2 parts of cocoa powder, 1-2 parts of xylitol, 2-3 parts of cassava starch, 5-10 parts of maltodextrin, 5-10 parts of konjac flour, and 10-20 parts of soy protein isolate are added to mixture 1 in sequence according to the proportion of the components, and each type of component is added and fully mixed. The colorant cocoa powder added and mixed with the efficacy factor in mixture 1 are all dark components, and the first step of adding ensures the uniformity of color; the sweetener xylitol can cover up the special taste of the efficacy factor, and the second step of adding and mixing makes the taste uniform; the thickeners tapioca starch, maltodextrin and konjac powder are in a moderate proportion, and the third step of adding and mixing can ensure the uniformity of the viscosity of the meal replacement powder; the protein supplement soy protein isolate has the highest proportion, which is a slightly yellowish white powder, and the fourth step of adding and mixing can ensure the content of plant protein in the meal replacement powder, and can also balance the color of the meal replacement powder, so that the protein content and color of the Fucha meal replacement powder are uniform when it is prepared. After adding the above colorants, sweeteners, thickeners and protein supplements to mixture 1 and mixing, a mixture 2 is obtained. If there is a phenomenon of bonding into particles or lumps in mixture 2, it will affect the taste of the meal replacement powder. Therefore, the mixture 2 is passed through a 150-mesh sieve to remove possible granular lumps, and the fat-lowering and weight-loss Fucha meal replacement powder is obtained.

[0037] Example 1

[0038] Take an appropriate amount of Fu tea, crush it and pass it through a 40-mesh sieve, heat it with 10 times the amount of purified water at 100℃ for 1h, filter it, heat the Fu tea residue with purified water at 100℃ for 1h, filter it, combine the two filtrates, concentrate, freeze-dry at -60℃ for 12h, crush it, pass it through a 150-mesh sieve, and you will get Fu tea powder;

[0039] Take an appropriate amount of Fucha, crush it through a 40-mesh sieve, heat and reflux it with 10 times the amount of purified water at 100°C for 1h, filter it, heat and reflux it with purified water at 100°C for 1h, filter it, combine the two filtrates, concentrate it, precipitate it with 85% edible alcohol, let it stand for 12h, collect the precipitate, re-dissolve it with purified water, freeze-dry it at -60°C for 24h, crush it through a 150-mesh sieve, and obtain the freeze-dried powder of Fucha polysaccharide;

[0040] Take an appropriate amount of Cordyceps militaris, crush it through a 40-mesh sieve, heat and reflux it with 10 times the amount of purified water at 100°C for 1h, filter it, heat and reflux the Cordyceps militaris residue with purified water at 100°C for 1h, filter it, combine the two filtrates, concentrate, precipitate with 85% edible alcohol, let it stand for 12h, collect the precipitate, re-dissolve it with purified water, freeze-dry it at -60°C for 24h, crush it through a 150-mesh sieve, and obtain Cordyceps militaris polysaccharide freeze-dried powder;

[0041] Take an appropriate amount of nettle leaves, dry them at 80℃ for 3h, grind them into ultrafine powder, and pass them through a 300-mesh sieve to obtain nettle leaf ultrafine powder;

[0042] Take an appropriate amount of wolfberry, dry at 80℃ for 3h, crush and pass through a 40-mesh sieve, heat and reflux 10 times the amount of purified water at 100℃ for 1h, filter, heat and reflux the wolfberry residue with purified water at 100℃ for 1h, filter, combine the two filtrates, concentrate, freeze-dry at -60℃ for 12h, crush and pass through a 150-mesh sieve to obtain wolfberry powder;

[0043] Take an appropriate amount of red dates, dry at 80℃ for 3h, crush through a 40-mesh sieve, heat and reflux 10 times the amount of purified water at 100℃ for 1h, filter, heat and reflux the red date residue with purified water at 100℃ for 1h, filter, combine the two filtrates, concentrate, freeze-dry at -60℃ for 12h, crush through a 150-mesh sieve, and obtain red date powder;

[0044] Take 3 parts of the Fucha powder prepared above, 2 parts of Fucha polysaccharide freeze-dried powder, 1 part of Cordyceps militaris polysaccharide freeze-dried powder, 1 part of nettle leaf superfine powder, 3 parts of wolfberry powder, and 3 parts of red date powder, and mix them thoroughly to obtain mixture 1. Add 20 parts of soy protein isolate, 5 parts of maltodextrin, 10 parts of konjac flour, 3 parts of tapioca starch, 1 part of cocoa powder, and 2 parts of xylitol to the mixture 1. All the above raw materials are fully mixed to obtain mixture 2. Pass the mixture 2 through a 150-mesh sieve to obtain the lipid-lowering and weight-loss Fucha meal replacement powder.

[0045] Example 2

[0046] Take an appropriate amount of Fucha tea, crush it and pass through a 40-mesh sieve. Heat and reflux it with 15 times the amount of purified water at 100 °C for 1.5 h, then filter by suction. Heat and reflux the Fucha tea residue with purified water at 100 °C for 1 h, filter by suction, combine the two filtrates, concentrate, freeze-dry at -56 °C for 16 h, crush, and pass through a 150-mesh sieve to obtain Fucha tea powder;

[0047] Take an appropriate amount of Fucha tea, crush it and pass through a 40-mesh sieve. Heat and reflux it with 15 times the amount of purified water at 100 °C for 1.5 h, then filter by suction. Heat and reflux the Fucha tea residue with purified water at 100 °C for 1 h, filter by suction, combine the two filtrates, concentrate, precipitate with 90% edible alcohol, let it stand for 16 h, collect the precipitate, redissolve it with purified water, freeze-dry at -56 °C for 48 h, crush, and pass through a 150-mesh sieve to obtain freeze-dried Fucha tea polysaccharide powder;

[0048] Take an appropriate amount of Cordyceps militaris, crush it and pass through a 40-mesh sieve. Heat and reflux it with 15 times the amount of purified water at 100 °C for 1.5 h, then filter by suction. Heat and reflux the Cordyceps militaris residue with purified water at 100 °C for 1 h, filter by suction, combine the two filtrates, concentrate, precipitate with 90% edible alcohol, let it stand for 16 h, collect the precipitate, redissolve it with purified water, freeze-dry at -56 °C for 48 h, crush, and pass through a 150-mesh sieve to obtain freeze-dried Cordyceps militaris polysaccharide powder;

[0049] Take an appropriate amount of nettle leaves, dry them at 70 °C for 4 h, perform ultrafine crushing treatment, and pass through a 300-mesh sieve to obtain ultrafine nettle leaf powder;

[0050] Take an appropriate amount of wolfberries, dry them at 70 °C for 4 h, crush and pass through a 40-mesh sieve. Heat and reflux it with 15 times the amount of purified water at 100 °C for 1.5 h, then filter by suction. Heat and reflux the wolfberry residue with purified water at 100 °C for 1 h, filter by suction, combine the two filtrates, concentrate, freeze-dry at -56 °C for 16 h, crush, and pass through a 150-mesh sieve to obtain wolfberry powder;

[0051] Take an appropriate amount of red dates, dry them at 70 °C for 4 h, crush and pass through a 40-mesh sieve. Heat and reflux it with 15 times the amount of purified water at 100 °C for 1.5 h, then filter by suction. Heat and reflux the red date residue with purified water at 100 °C for 1 h, filter by suction, combine the two filtrates, concentrate, freeze-dry at -56 °C for 16 h, crush, and pass through a 150-mesh sieve to obtain red date powder;

[0052] Take 2 parts of the above-prepared Fucha tea powder, 2 parts of freeze-dried Fucha tea polysaccharide powder, 2 parts of freeze-dried Cordyceps militaris polysaccharide powder, 1 part of ultrafine nettle leaf powder, 2 parts of wolfberry powder, and 2 parts of red date powder, and mix them thoroughly to obtain mixture 1. Add 15 parts of soy protein isolate, 10 parts of maltodextrin, 5 parts of konjac powder, 3 parts of tapioca starch, 2 parts of cocoa powder, and 2 parts of xylitol to mixture 1, and mix all the above raw materials thoroughly to obtain mixture 2. Pass mixture 2 through a 150-mesh sieve to obtain the lipid-lowering and weight-reducing Fucha tea meal replacement powder.

[0053] Example 3

[0054] Take an appropriate amount of Fucha, crush it and pass it through a 40-mesh sieve, heat it with 18 times the amount of purified water at 100℃ for 1h, filter it, heat the Fucha residue with purified water at 100℃ for 1h, filter it, combine the two filtrates, concentrate, freeze-dry at -50℃ for 18h, crush it, pass it through a 150-mesh sieve, and you will get Fucha powder;

[0055] Take an appropriate amount of Fucha, crush it through a 40-mesh sieve, heat and reflux it with 18 times the amount of purified water at 100°C for 1h, filter it, heat and reflux it with purified water at 100°C for 1h, filter it, combine the two filtrates, concentrate it, precipitate it with 95% edible alcohol, let it stand for 18h, collect the precipitate, re-dissolve it with purified water, freeze-dry it at -50°C for 36h, crush it through a 150-mesh sieve, and obtain the freeze-dried powder of Fucha polysaccharide;

[0056] Take an appropriate amount of Cordyceps militaris, crush it through a 40-mesh sieve, heat and reflux it with 18 times the amount of purified water at 100°C for 1h, filter it with suction, heat and reflux the Cordyceps militaris residue with purified water at 100°C for 1h, filter it with suction, combine the two filtrates, concentrate, precipitate with 95% edible alcohol, let it stand for 18h, collect the precipitate, re-dissolve it with purified water, freeze-dry it at -50°C for 36h, crush it through a 150-mesh sieve, and obtain Cordyceps militaris polysaccharide freeze-dried powder;

[0057] Take an appropriate amount of nettle leaves, dry them at 80℃ for 3h, grind them into ultrafine powder, and pass them through a 300-mesh sieve to obtain nettle leaf ultrafine powder;

[0058] Take an appropriate amount of wolfberry, dry at 80℃ for 3h, crush and pass through a 40-mesh sieve, heat and reflux 18 times the amount of purified water at 100℃ for 1h, filter, heat and reflux the wolfberry residue with purified water at 100℃ for 1h, filter, combine the two filtrates, concentrate, freeze-dry at -50℃ for 18h, crush and pass through a 150-mesh sieve to obtain wolfberry powder;

[0059] Take an appropriate amount of red dates, dry at 80℃ for 3h, crush through a 40-mesh sieve, heat and reflux 18 times the amount of purified water at 100℃ for 1h, filter, heat and reflux the red date residue with purified water at 100℃ for 1h, filter, combine the two filtrates, concentrate, freeze-dry at -50℃ for 18h, crush through a 150-mesh sieve, and obtain red date powder;

[0060] Take 3 parts of the Fu tea powder prepared above, 1 part of Fu tea polysaccharide freeze-dried powder, 2 parts of Cordyceps militaris polysaccharide freeze-dried powder, 2 parts of nettle leaf superfine powder, 2 parts of wolfberry powder, and 2 parts of red date powder, and mix them thoroughly to obtain mixture 1. Add 20 parts of soy protein isolate, 8 parts of maltodextrin, 8 parts of konjac flour, 2 parts of tapioca starch, 1 part of cocoa powder, and 2 parts of xylitol to the mixture 1. All the above raw materials are fully mixed to obtain mixture 2. Pass the mixture 2 through a 150-mesh sieve to obtain the lipid-lowering and weight-loss Fu tea meal replacement powder.

[0061] Example 4

[0062] Take an appropriate amount of Fucha, crush it and pass it through a 40-mesh sieve, heat it with 18 times the amount of purified water at 100℃ for 1h, filter it, heat the Fucha residue with purified water at 100℃ for 1h, filter it, combine the two filtrates, concentrate, freeze-dry at -50℃ for 18h, crush it, pass it through a 150-mesh sieve, and you will get Fucha powder;

[0063] Take an appropriate amount of Fucha, crush it through a 40-mesh sieve, heat and reflux it with 18 times the amount of purified water at 100°C for 1h, filter it, heat and reflux it with purified water at 100°C for 1h, filter it, combine the two filtrates, concentrate it, precipitate it with 95% edible alcohol, let it stand for 18h, collect the precipitate, re-dissolve it with purified water, freeze-dry it at -50°C for 36h, crush it through a 150-mesh sieve, and obtain the freeze-dried powder of Fucha polysaccharide;

[0064] Take an appropriate amount of Cordyceps militaris, crush it through a 40-mesh sieve, heat and reflux it with 18 times the amount of purified water at 100°C for 1h, filter it with suction, heat and reflux the Cordyceps militaris residue with purified water at 100°C for 1h, filter it with suction, combine the two filtrates, concentrate, precipitate with 95% edible alcohol, let it stand for 18h, collect the precipitate, re-dissolve it with purified water, freeze-dry it at -50°C for 36h, crush it through a 150-mesh sieve, and obtain Cordyceps militaris polysaccharide freeze-dried powder;

[0065] Take an appropriate amount of nettle leaves, dry them at 80℃ for 3h, grind them into ultrafine powder, and pass them through a 300-mesh sieve to obtain nettle leaf ultrafine powder;

[0066] Take an appropriate amount of wolfberry, dry at 80℃ for 3h, crush and pass through a 40-mesh sieve, heat and reflux 18 times the amount of purified water at 100℃ for 1h, filter, heat and reflux the wolfberry residue with purified water at 100℃ for 1h, filter, combine the two filtrates, concentrate, freeze-dry at -50℃ for 18h, crush and pass through a 150-mesh sieve to obtain wolfberry powder;

[0067] Take an appropriate amount of red dates, dry at 80℃ for 3h, crush through a 40-mesh sieve, heat and reflux 18 times the amount of purified water at 100℃ for 1h, filter, heat and reflux the red date residue with purified water at 100℃ for 1h, filter, combine the two filtrates, concentrate, freeze-dry at -50℃ for 18h, crush through a 150-mesh sieve, and obtain red date powder;

[0068] Take 2.5 parts of the Fucha powder prepared above, 1.5 parts of Fucha polysaccharide freeze-dried powder, 1.5 parts of Cordyceps militaris polysaccharide freeze-dried powder, 1.5 parts of nettle leaf superfine powder, 2.5 parts of wolfberry powder, and 2.5 parts of red date powder, and mix them thoroughly to obtain mixture 1. Add 10 parts of soy protein isolate, 8 parts of maltodextrin, 8 parts of konjac flour, 2.5 parts of tapioca starch, 1 part of cocoa powder, and 2 parts of xylitol to the mixture 1, and mix all the above raw materials thoroughly to obtain mixture 2. Pass the mixture 2 through a 150-mesh sieve to obtain the lipid-lowering and weight-loss Fucha meal replacement powder.

[0069] 1. Screening of functional components and determination of composition of Fucha meal replacement powder

[0070] Substances with the ability to bind bile salts can exhibit cholesterol-lowering effects. After the bile salts are bound, on the one hand, it affects the absorption of lipid substances, and on the other hand, it affects the enterohepatic circulation of bile salts, prompting the continuous conversion of cholesterol in the liver into bile salts, thereby reducing the cholesterol content and achieving the effect of reducing blood lipids. Therefore, measuring the bile salt binding rate is one of the evaluation methods for in vitro lipid-lowering activity. In the present invention, functional factors such as Fucha powder (component 1), freeze-dried Fucha polysaccharide powder (component 2), freeze-dried Cordyceps militaris polysaccharide powder (component 3), ultra-fine powder of Urtica dioica leaves (component 4), wolfberry powder (component 5), and jujube powder (component 6) are respectively mixed into 7 kinds of compositions, and the functional factor composition with the best in vitro lipid-lowering activity is screened by measuring the bile salt binding rate.

[0071] The method for measuring the bile salt binding rate is as follows: Prepare 0.3 mmol / L sodium glycocholate solution, sodium taurocholate solution, and sodium cholate solution with 0.1 moL / L pH 7.6 phosphate buffer solution respectively, and fully mix the above three solutions to obtain the mixed mother liquor. Add 0, 0.1, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5 mL of the mixed mother liquor to the stoppered test tubes respectively, supplement with 0.1 moL / L pH 7.6 phosphate buffer solution to 2.5 mL, then add 7.5 mL of 60% sulfuric acid solution, heat in a water bath at 70 °C for 20 min, place in ice water (0 °C) for 5 min, and measure the absorbance at 387 nm. Use the bile salt concentration as the abscissa and the absorbance as the ordinate to plot the standard curve, and obtain the linear regression equation y = 17.3112x + 0.1692, r 2 = 0.9952.

[0072] Take 0.05 g of each composition (compositions 1-7) in a stoppered test tube, add 1 mL of 0.01 mol / L hydrochloric acid solution (simulating the human gastric juice environment), shake at 37 °C for 2 h, adjust the pH to 7.6 (simulating the human small intestinal juice environment), then add 4 mL of bile salt solution and shake at 37 °C for 2 h. Centrifuge the mixture at 4000 r / min for 20 min and take the supernatant. Take 2.5 mL of the sample solution, measure the absorbance of the sample according to the standard curve measurement method, calculate the bile salt concentration of the sample solution according to the standard curve, and perform parallel measurements 3 times for each group and take the average value. Calculate the bile salt binding rate according to the following formula.

[0073]

[0074] Among them: c1 is the bile salt concentration (mmol / L) of the sample solution, c0 is the bile salt concentration (mmol / L) of the blank solution, and the blank control is without adding the sample.

[0075] The results of the 7 kinds of compositions and the bile salt binding rate are shown in Table 1.

[0076] As can be seen from Table 1, when the Fucha powder (Composition 1) is used alone, it can show lipid-lowering effect, and the bile salt binding rate reaches 27.3%. When it is compounded with the freeze-dried powder of Fucha polysaccharide (Composition 2), the bile salt binding rate is higher than that of using the Fucha powder alone, indicating that Fucha polysaccharide can produce a synergistic effect with the Fucha powder and enhance the lipid-lowering effect. When the Fucha powder and Fucha polysaccharide are respectively compounded with wolfberry powder and jujube powder (Compositions 3 and 4), the latter has a higher bile salt binding rate (38.4%), indicating that Fucha polysaccharide is one of the main active components with lipid-lowering effect in Fucha, and has stronger lipid-lowering activity compared with the Fucha powder; when the Fucha powder, Fucha polysaccharide, wolfberry powder and jujube powder are combined (Composition 5), its bile salt binding rate increases sharply to 50.8%. In addition, when the freeze-dried powder of Cordyceps militaris polysaccharide and the ultrafine powder of nettle leaves are added, the highest value of the bile salt binding rate (73.5%) among the 7 compositions appears. Based on the analysis of the above research results of in vitro lipid-lowering activity, using a single component or several components alone cannot achieve the best lipid-lowering effect, and the combination form of the Fucha composition proposed in the present invention can show significant lipid-lowering activity.

[0077] Table 1 Combination methods of each component

[0078] Composition Constitute Bile salt binding rate Composition 1 Component 1 27.3％ Composition 2 Components 1 and 2 35.9％ Composition 3 Components 1, 5 and 6 36.1％ Composition 4 Components 2, 5 and 6 38.4％ Composition 5 Components 1, 2, 5 and 6 50.8％ Composition 6 Components 1, 2, 3, 5 and 6 52.4％ Composition 7 Components 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 73.5％

[0079] 2. Sensory evaluation

[0080] Take the Fucha meal replacement powder prepared in Example 2 of the present invention, and refer to the sensory requirement indicators of "T / NSFST 015-2022 Low-GI Coarse Grain Meal Replacement Powder", and use the comprehensive index score as the evaluation standard. Ten sensory evaluators (male-female ratio 1:1) evaluate the product in terms of color, aroma, taste, reconstitutability and texture. As shown in Table 2, taking factors such as color, aroma, taste, reconstitutability and texture as the main identification elements, a sensory scoring standard is designed.

[0081] Table 2 Sensory scoring standard for meal replacement powder

[0082]

[0083]

[0084] The sensory evaluation results of the ten sensory evaluators are shown in Table 3. The results show that the total scores of the color, aroma, taste, reconstitutability and texture of the prepared Fucha meal replacement powder are all greater than 90 points, indicating that the sensory requirements of the Fucha meal replacement powder meet the standard regulations.

[0085] Table 3 Sensory evaluation results

[0086]

[0087] 3. Determination of protein content

[0088] The Coomassie brilliant blue method was used to determine the protein content.

[0089] Weighed 0.25 mg of BSA and dissolved it in 5 mL of double-distilled water to prepare a bovine serum albumin (BSA) standard solution. Added 10 mg of Coomassie brilliant blue to 5 mL of 95% ethanol, added 10 mL of 85% phosphoric acid, and made up the volume to 100 mL with double-distilled water to prepare the Coomassie brilliant blue reagent. Respectively added 0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 1.0 mL of the BSA standard solution, made up the volume to 1 mL with double-distilled water, mixed well, added 4 mL of the Coomassie brilliant blue reagent to each tube, let it stand, measured the absorbance at 595 nm. Taking the BSA concentration as the abscissa and the absorbance as the ordinate, plotted the standard curve, and obtained the linear regression equation y = 0.0033x - 0.0008, r 2 = 0.996.

[0090] Took an appropriate amount of the meal replacement powder in Example 2 of the present invention, added double-distilled water to prepare a 1 mg / mL solution, and parallelly measured it 3 times according to the method of the BSA standard curve. Measured the absorbance value at 595 nm, and calculated that the protein content of the meal replacement powder was 18.3 g / 100 g. Protein is an important component of all cells and tissues in the human body, and all important components of the body require the participation of protein. Therefore, protein is one of the main nutritional elements in food composition. The daily protein intake of healthy people is 1 - 1.2 g / kg. The meal replacement powder prepared by the present invention is rich in protein and can meet the basic nutritional needs of the human body.

[0091] 4. Evaluation of in vitro lipid-lowering activity

[0092] Took 0.1 g of the meal replacement powder in Example 2 of the present invention in a stoppered test tube, added 1 mL of 0.01 mol / L hydrochloric acid solution (simulating the human gastric juice environment), oscillated at 37 °C for 2 h, adjusted the pH to 7.6 (simulating the human intestinal juice environment), and then added 4 mL of the cholate solution and oscillated at 37 °C for 2 h. The mixture was centrifuged at 4000 r / min for 20 min, and the supernatant was taken. Took 2.5 mL of the sample solution, measured the absorbance of the sample according to the standard curve determination method, calculated the cholate concentration of the sample solution according to the standard curve, and parallelly measured each group 3 times and took the average value.

[0093] The cholate binding rate of the meal replacement powder was obtained as 59.2%. Substances with the ability to bind cholate can exhibit cholesterol-lowering effects. When cholate is bound, on the one hand, it affects the absorption of lipid substances, and on the other hand, it affects the enterohepatic circulation of cholate, prompting the continuous conversion of cholesterol in the liver into cholate, thereby reducing the cholesterol content and achieving the effect of reducing blood lipids. Therefore, measuring the cholate binding rate is one of the evaluation methods for in vitro lipid-lowering activity. The meal replacement powder of the present invention has a cholate binding rate of 59.2%, indicating that the meal replacement powder has a lipid-lowering effect.

[0094] 5. In vivo evaluation of lipid-lowering and weight loss activity

[0095] Forty healthy mice, weighing 18 - 22 g, with half males and half females, were adaptively fed for one week and randomly divided into 4 groups, namely the normal group, the high-fat group, the meal replacement powder group, and the positive control group. The mice in the normal group were fed with normal feed (purchased from the Animal Center of Xi'an Jiaotong University), and the other 3 groups were fed with high-fat feed (45 kcal% fat, purchased from Changzhou Mouse One Mouse Two Biotechnology Co., Ltd.). When the normal or high-fat feed was fed for 2 weeks, the mice in the normal group and the high-fat group were intragastrically administered normal saline, the mice in the meal replacement powder group were intragastrically administered the infusion of meal replacement powder (Example 2), and the mice in the positive control group were intragastrically administered simvastatin solution. Intragastric administration was continued until the 6th week, and the body weights of the mice in each group at the 0th, 2nd, and 6th weeks were measured. The results of body weight measurement are shown in Table 4. After the end of the 6th week, the mice were bled to separate serum, and total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein (LDL-C), and high-density lipoprotein (HDL-C) were measured. The results of blood lipid index measurement are shown in Table 5.

[0096] Table 4 Changes in body weights of mice in each group at the 0th, 2nd, and 6th weeks (n = 10, unit: g)

[0097]

[0098] Note: Compared with the normal group: ##p < 0.01; compared with the high-fat group: *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01.

[0099] As can be seen from the results in Table 4, after the mice in the high-fat group, the meal replacement powder group, and the positive control group were fed with high-fat feed for 2 weeks, their body weights increased significantly, showing a significant difference compared with the normal group (##p < 0.01), indicating that a high-fat diet can increase body weight. Compared with the high-fat group, after the mice in the meal replacement powder group were intragastrically administered the meal replacement powder for 4 weeks, the increase in body weight of the mice decreased, showing a significant difference (*p < 0.05), indicating that the meal replacement powder can control the weight gain of high-fat mice, showing a weight loss effect.

[0100] Table 5 Changes in blood lipid levels of mice in each group (n = 10, unit: mmol / L)

[0101]

[0102]

[0103] Note: Compared with the normal group: ##p < 0.01; compared with the high-fat group: *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01.

[0104] As can be seen from the results in Table 5, compared with the normal group, the levels of serum TC, TG, and LDL-C in the high-fat group of mice were significantly increased, while the HDL-C was significantly decreased, showing significant differences (##p < 0.01), indicating that a 6-week high-fat diet caused abnormal blood lipids in mice and lipid metabolism disorders, resulting in weight gain in high-fat mice. Compared with the high-fat group, after intragastric administration of the meal replacement powder in the meal replacement powder group for 4 weeks, the levels of serum TC, TG, and LDL-C were significantly decreased, while the HDL-C was increased, showing significant differences (*p < 0.05), indicating that the meal replacement powder can regulate the blood lipid levels of high-fat mice and show the effects of lipid-lowering and weight loss by regulating lipid metabolism.

[0105] In summary, the present invention uses Fuzhuan tea, Cordyceps militaris, nettle, etc. as raw materials, processes them respectively and supplements with other components to prepare a lipid-lowering and weight-loss Fuzhuan tea meal replacement powder. The meal replacement powder has good sensory evaluation, meets the standard requirements, the protein content meets the nutritional needs, and shows the effects of regulating blood lipids and reducing weight, with good application prospects.

Claims

1. A Fucha meal replacement powder, characterized in that: By weight parts, the raw materials include: 2-3 parts of Fuzhuan tea powder, 1-2 parts of freeze-dried Fuzhuan tea polysaccharide, 1-2 parts of freeze-dried Cordyceps militaris polysaccharide, 1-2 parts of ultra-fine powder of nettle leaves, 2-3 parts of wolfberry powder, 2-3 parts of red date powder; and protein supplement, thickener, colorant and sweetener; The preparation method of the above-mentioned Fuzhuan tea meal replacement powder is as follows: S1 Prepare Fuzhuan tea powder, freeze-dried Fuzhuan tea polysaccharide, freeze-dried Cordyceps militaris polysaccharide, ultra-fine powder of nettle leaves, wolfberry powder and red date powder; S2 Mix the Fuzhuan tea powder, freeze-dried Fuzhuan tea polysaccharide, freeze-dried Cordyceps militaris polysaccharide, ultra-fine powder of nettle leaves, wolfberry powder and red date powder to obtain mixture 1; S3 Add protein supplement, thickener, colorant and sweetener to mixture 1, mix to obtain mixture 2, and sieve to obtain Fuzhuan tea meal replacement powder; In S1, the Fuzhuan tea is crushed, extracted by hot water reflux, concentrated, and freeze-dried to obtain Fuzhuan tea powder; The Fuzhuan tea is crushed, extracted by hot water reflux, concentrated, subjected to alcohol precipitation, the precipitate is collected and redissolved in pure water, and then freeze-dried to obtain freeze-dried Fuzhuan tea polysaccharide; The Cordyceps militaris is crushed, extracted by hot water reflux, concentrated, subjected to alcohol precipitation, the precipitate is collected and redissolved in pure water, and then freeze-dried to obtain freeze-dried Cordyceps militaris polysaccharide; The nettle leaves are dried and then subjected to ultra-fine pulverization treatment and sieved to obtain ultra-fine powder of nettle leaves; The wolfberries are dried and crushed, extracted by hot water reflux, concentrated, and freeze-dried to obtain wolfberry powder; The red dates are dried and crushed, extracted by hot water reflux, concentrated, and freeze-dried to obtain red date powder.

2. The Fucha meal replacement powder according to claim 1, characterized in that: By weight parts, the protein supplement and thickener include 10-20 parts of soy protein isolate, 5-10 parts of maltodextrin, 5-10 parts of konjac powder, 2-3 parts of tapioca starch.

3. The Fucha meal replacement powder according to claim 1, characterized in that: By weight parts, the colorant includes 1-2 parts of cocoa powder.

4. The Fucha meal replacement powder according to claim 1, characterized in that, By weight parts, the sweetener includes 2 parts of xylitol.

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