Energy management methods and systems for fuel cell vehicle start-up and operation

Abstract

This invention provides an energy management method and system for the startup and operation of a fuel cell vehicle, applied to the vehicle controller of the fuel cell vehicle; it includes: acquiring the ambient temperature and state of charge (SOC) of the fuel cell vehicle; determining an energy management strategy for the fuel cell vehicle based on the ambient temperature and SOC of the power battery; and controlling the operation of the fuel cell and power battery of the fuel cell vehicle according to the energy management strategy. This invention alleviates the technical problems existing in the prior art that impair fuel cell lifespan and vehicle range.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of fuel cell vehicle technology, and in particular to an energy management method and system for the start-up and operation of a fuel cell vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] Fuel cell vehicles mainly consist of a fuel cell system, a power battery, a fuel cell controller (FCU), and a vehicle controller (VCU). Energy management strategies for fuel cell vehicles are key technologies affecting their driving range and the lifespan of the fuel cell and power battery. Traditional energy management strategies include: a) constant power output or power follower mode for the fuel cell, with the lithium battery acting as auxiliary power output to smooth out peak loads; b) dividing the power battery's state of charge (SOC) into several ranges, allowing the fuel cell to operate in different modes within each range to improve the lifespan of both the power battery and the fuel cell.

[0003] However, Scheme a has a simple control strategy, the fuel cell operates continuously and the current output varies greatly with the vehicle load, which is not conducive to the life of the fuel cell and the range of the whole vehicle. Scheme b does not consider the temperature sensitivity of the fuel cell and the power battery. The control strategy is the same at high and low temperatures, which can easily lead to frequent low-temperature start-ups of the fuel cell at low temperatures and the power battery is prone to entering a low SOC state at low temperatures, reducing the life of the power battery and fuel cell and the range of the whole vehicle. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an energy management method and system for the start-up and operation of a fuel cell vehicle, so as to alleviate the technical problems in the prior art that impair the lifespan of the fuel cell and the range of the vehicle.

[0005] In a first aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide an energy management method for the startup and operation of a fuel cell vehicle, applied to the vehicle controller of the fuel cell vehicle; comprising: acquiring the ambient temperature and the state of charge (SOC) of the power battery of the fuel cell vehicle; determining an energy management strategy for the fuel cell vehicle based on the ambient temperature and the SOC of the power battery, and controlling the operation of the fuel cell and the power battery of the fuel cell vehicle with the energy management strategy.

[0006] Further, based on the ambient temperature and the SOC of the power battery, an energy management strategy for the fuel cell vehicle is determined, including: if the ambient temperature is not higher than the preset temperature threshold and the SOC of the power battery is less than a first preset threshold, then the energy management strategy for the fuel cell vehicle is determined to be a first strategy; wherein, the first strategy includes: starting the power battery and starting the circulating heating system of the fuel cell; starting the fuel cell when the fuel cell is heated to above the preset temperature threshold by the circulating heating system; after the output voltage of the fuel cell is greater than a preset voltage value, controlling the fuel cell to operate at rated power, so that the fuel cell provides power to the fuel cell vehicle while charging the power battery, until the SOC of the power battery is greater than a second preset threshold; controlling the fuel cell to operate at economic power, so that the fuel cell provides power to the fuel cell vehicle while charging the power battery, until the SOC of the power battery is greater than a third preset threshold; the economic power is the operating power corresponding to the maximum conversion efficiency of the fuel cell; controlling the fuel cell to operate at the minimum power that can maintain the high-voltage accessory consumption of the fuel cell vehicle, while controlling the power battery to provide power to the fuel cell vehicle.

[0007] Further, based on the ambient temperature and the SOC of the power battery, an energy management strategy for the fuel cell vehicle is determined, including: if the ambient temperature is not higher than the preset temperature threshold, and the SOC of the power battery is greater than or equal to a first preset threshold and less than a third preset threshold, then the energy management strategy for the fuel cell vehicle is determined to be a second strategy; wherein, the second strategy includes: starting the power battery to provide power to the fuel cell vehicle, and starting the circulating heating system of the fuel cell; when the fuel cell is heated to above the preset temperature threshold by the circulating heating system, starting the fuel cell; if the SOC of the power battery is less than the second preset threshold, controlling the fuel cell to operate at rated power. The system operates at a certain efficiency, so that the fuel cell can power the fuel cell vehicle while simultaneously charging the power battery. If the state of charge (SOC) of the power battery is greater than or equal to the second preset threshold and less than the third preset threshold, the fuel cell is controlled to operate at an economic power level, so that the fuel cell can power the fuel cell vehicle while simultaneously charging the power battery. The economic power is the operating power corresponding to the maximum conversion efficiency of the fuel cell. If the SOC of the power battery is greater than or equal to the third preset threshold, the fuel cell is controlled to operate at the minimum power required to maintain the high-voltage accessory consumption of the fuel cell vehicle, while the power battery is controlled to power the fuel cell vehicle.

[0008] Further, based on the ambient temperature and the SOC of the power battery, an energy management strategy for the fuel cell vehicle is determined, including: if the ambient temperature is not higher than the preset temperature threshold and the SOC of the power battery is greater than or equal to a third preset threshold, then the energy management strategy for the fuel cell vehicle is determined to be a third strategy; wherein, the third strategy includes: starting the power battery and providing power to the fuel cell vehicle; simultaneously starting the thermal management system of the fuel cell to heat the ambient temperature of the fuel cell vehicle to a level higher than the preset temperature threshold; if the SOC of the power battery is less than a second preset threshold, then starting the fuel cell and controlling the fuel cell to operate at economic power, so that the fuel cell provides power to the fuel cell vehicle while charging the power battery; the economic power is the operating power corresponding to the maximum conversion efficiency of the fuel cell; if the SOC of the power battery is greater than or equal to the third preset threshold, then controlling the fuel cell to operate at the minimum power required to maintain the high-voltage accessory consumption of the fuel cell vehicle, while simultaneously controlling the power battery to provide power to the fuel cell vehicle.

[0009] Further, based on the ambient temperature and the SOC of the power battery, an energy management strategy for the fuel cell vehicle is determined, including: if the ambient temperature is higher than the preset temperature threshold and the SOC of the power battery is less than the first preset threshold, then the energy management strategy for the fuel cell vehicle is determined to be a fourth strategy; wherein, the fourth strategy includes: starting the power battery and starting the fuel cell; controlling the fuel cell to operate at rated power, so that the fuel cell provides power to the fuel cell vehicle while charging the power battery, until the SOC of the power battery is greater than the second preset threshold; controlling the fuel cell to operate at economic power, so that the fuel cell provides power to the fuel cell vehicle while charging the power battery, until the SOC of the power battery is greater than the third preset threshold; the economic power is the operating power corresponding to the maximum conversion efficiency of the fuel cell; shutting down the fuel cell while controlling the power battery to provide power to the fuel cell vehicle.

[0010] Further, based on the ambient temperature and the SOC of the power battery, an energy management strategy for the fuel cell vehicle is determined, including: if the ambient temperature is higher than the preset temperature threshold, and the SOC of the power battery is greater than or equal to a first preset threshold and less than a third preset threshold, then the energy management strategy for the fuel cell vehicle is determined to be a fifth strategy; wherein, the fifth strategy includes: starting the power battery and starting the fuel cell; if the SOC of the power battery is less than a second preset threshold, then controlling the fuel cell to operate at rated power, so that the fuel cell provides power to the fuel cell vehicle while charging the power battery; if the SOC of the power battery is greater than or equal to the second preset threshold and less than the third preset threshold, then controlling the fuel cell to operate at economic power, so that the fuel cell provides power to the fuel cell vehicle while charging the power battery; the economic power is the operating power corresponding to the maximum conversion efficiency of the fuel cell; if the SOC of the power battery is greater than the third preset threshold, then turning off the fuel cell, while controlling the power battery to provide power to the fuel cell vehicle.

[0011] Further, based on the ambient temperature and the SOC of the power battery, an energy management strategy for the fuel cell vehicle is determined, including: if the ambient temperature is higher than the preset temperature threshold and the SOC of the power battery is greater than or equal to a third preset threshold, then the energy management strategy for the fuel cell vehicle is determined to be a sixth strategy; wherein, the sixth strategy includes: starting the power battery and providing power to the fuel cell vehicle until the SOC of the power battery is less than a first preset threshold; starting the fuel cell and controlling the fuel cell to operate at rated power, so that the fuel cell provides power to the fuel cell vehicle while charging the power battery; if the SOC of the power battery is greater than or equal to a second preset threshold and less than or equal to the third preset threshold, then controlling the fuel cell to operate at economic power, so that the fuel cell provides power to the fuel cell vehicle while charging the power battery; the economic power is the operating power corresponding to the maximum conversion efficiency of the fuel cell; if the SOC of the power battery is greater than or equal to the third preset threshold, then turning off the fuel cell while controlling the power battery to provide power to the fuel cell vehicle.

[0012] Secondly, embodiments of the present invention also provide an energy management system for the start-up and operation of a fuel cell vehicle, applied to the vehicle controller of a fuel cell vehicle; comprising: an acquisition module and a control module; wherein, the acquisition module is used to acquire the ambient temperature and the state of charge (SOC) of the power battery of the fuel cell vehicle; the control module is used to determine the energy management strategy of the fuel cell vehicle based on the ambient temperature and the SOC of the power battery, and control the operation of the fuel cell and the power battery of the fuel cell vehicle according to the energy management strategy.

[0013] Thirdly, embodiments of the present invention also provide an electronic device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the computer program to implement the steps of the method described in the first aspect above.

[0014] Fourthly, embodiments of the present invention also provide a computer-readable medium having processor-executable non-volatile program code, the program code causing the processor to perform the method described in the first aspect above.

[0015] This invention provides an energy management method and system for the start-up and operation of a fuel cell vehicle. By linking the energy management of the fuel cell vehicle with the ambient temperature and the state of charge (SOC) of the power battery, different energy management strategies are adopted according to different ambient temperatures and power battery SOCs. This can improve the overall vehicle economy and extend the lifespan of the fuel cell and power battery, thus alleviating the technical problems in the prior art that impair the lifespan of the fuel cell and the range of the vehicle. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 A flowchart of an energy management method for the start-up and operation process of a fuel cell vehicle provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of an energy management system for the start-up and operation process of a fuel cell vehicle provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a control module provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solution of the present invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] Example 1:

[0022] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating an energy management method for the start-up and operation of a fuel cell vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention. This method is applied to the vehicle control unit (VCU) of the fuel cell vehicle. Figure 1 As shown, the method specifically includes the following steps:

[0023] Step S102: Obtain the ambient temperature and SOC of the fuel cell vehicle. SOC represents the state of charge (SOC) of the battery.

[0024] Step S104: Based on the ambient temperature and the SOC of the power battery, determine the energy management strategy for the fuel cell vehicle, and control the operation of the fuel cell and power battery of the fuel cell vehicle with the energy management strategy.

[0025] This invention provides an energy management method and system for the start-up and operation of a fuel cell vehicle. By linking the energy management of the fuel cell vehicle with the ambient temperature and the state of charge (SOC) of the power battery, different energy management strategies are adopted according to different ambient temperatures and power battery SOCs. This can improve the overall vehicle economy and extend the lifespan of the fuel cell and power battery, thus alleviating the technical problems in the prior art that impair the lifespan of the fuel cell and the range of the vehicle.

[0026] In this embodiment of the invention, based on the relationship between ambient temperature and a preset temperature threshold, and the state of charge (SOC) range of the power battery, the state of the fuel cell vehicle is divided into six cases, and then an energy management strategy is determined for each case. Specifically, these include:

[0027] (1) If the ambient temperature is not higher than a preset temperature threshold and the SOC of the power battery is less than a first preset threshold, then the energy management strategy for the fuel cell vehicle is determined to be the first strategy. The first strategy includes:

[0028] Start the power battery and the fuel cell's circulating heating system;

[0029] The fuel cell is started when it is heated to a preset temperature threshold by the circulating heating system.

[0030] After the output voltage of the fuel cell exceeds the preset voltage value, the fuel cell is controlled to operate at the rated power so that the fuel cell can charge the power battery while providing power to the fuel cell vehicle, until the power battery SOC exceeds the second preset threshold.

[0031] The fuel cell is controlled to operate at economic power so that it can charge the power battery while providing power to the fuel cell vehicle, until the power battery's SOC is greater than a third preset threshold; economic power is the operating power corresponding to the maximum conversion efficiency of the fuel cell.

[0032] The fuel cell is controlled to operate at the minimum power required to maintain the high-voltage accessories of the fuel cell vehicle, while the power battery is controlled to provide power to the fuel cell vehicle.

[0033] (2) If the ambient temperature is not higher than a preset temperature threshold, and the SOC of the power battery is greater than or equal to a first preset threshold and less than a third preset threshold, then the energy management strategy for the fuel cell vehicle is determined to be the second strategy. The second strategy includes:

[0034] The power battery is activated to provide power to the fuel cell vehicle, and the fuel cell's circulating heating system is activated.

[0035] The fuel cell is started when it is heated to a preset temperature threshold by the circulating heating system.

[0036] If the SOC of the power battery is less than the second preset threshold, the fuel cell is controlled to operate at rated power so that the fuel cell can charge the power battery while providing power to the fuel cell vehicle.

[0037] If the SOC of the power battery is greater than or equal to the second preset threshold and less than the third preset threshold, the fuel cell is controlled to operate at economic power so that the fuel cell can charge the power battery while providing power to the fuel cell vehicle.

[0038] If the SOC of the power battery is greater than or equal to the third preset threshold, the fuel cell is controlled to operate at the minimum power required to maintain the high-voltage accessories of the fuel cell vehicle, while the power battery is controlled to provide power to the fuel cell vehicle.

[0039] (3) If the ambient temperature is not higher than a preset temperature threshold and the SOC of the power battery is greater than or equal to a third preset threshold, then the energy management strategy for the fuel cell vehicle is determined to be the third strategy. The third strategy includes:

[0040] It activates the power battery and provides power to the fuel cell vehicle;

[0041] Simultaneously, the thermal management system of the fuel cell is activated so that the thermal management system heats the ambient temperature of the fuel cell vehicle to a temperature higher than a preset threshold.

[0042] If the SOC of the power battery is less than the second preset threshold, the fuel cell is started and controlled to operate at economic power so that the fuel cell can charge the power battery while providing power to the fuel cell vehicle.

[0043] If the SOC of the power battery is greater than or equal to the third preset threshold, the fuel cell is controlled to operate at the minimum power required to maintain the high-voltage accessories of the fuel cell vehicle, while the power battery is controlled to provide power to the fuel cell vehicle.

[0044] (4) If the ambient temperature is higher than a preset temperature threshold and the SOC of the power battery is lower than a first preset threshold, then the energy management strategy for the fuel cell vehicle is determined to be the fourth strategy. The fourth strategy includes:

[0045] Start the power battery and start the fuel cell;

[0046] The fuel cell is controlled to operate at rated power so that it can charge the power battery while providing power to the fuel cell vehicle, until the power battery SOC is greater than a second preset threshold.

[0047] Control the fuel cell to operate at economical power so that the fuel cell can charge the power battery while providing power to the fuel cell vehicle, until the power battery SOC is greater than a third preset threshold.

[0048] The fuel cell is shut down, while the power battery is controlled to provide power to the fuel cell vehicle.

[0049] (5) If the ambient temperature is higher than a preset temperature threshold, and the SOC of the power battery is greater than or equal to a first preset threshold and less than a third preset threshold, then the energy management strategy for the fuel cell vehicle is determined to be the fifth strategy. The fifth strategy includes:

[0050] Start the power battery and start the fuel cell;

[0051] If the SOC of the power battery is less than the second preset threshold, the fuel cell is controlled to operate at rated power so that the fuel cell can charge the power battery while providing power to the fuel cell vehicle.

[0052] If the SOC of the power battery is greater than or equal to the second preset threshold and less than or equal to the third preset threshold, the fuel cell is controlled to operate at economic power so that the fuel cell can charge the power battery while providing power to the fuel cell vehicle.

[0053] If the SOC of the power battery is greater than the third preset threshold, the fuel cell will be shut down, and the power battery will be controlled to provide power to the fuel cell vehicle.

[0054] (6) If the ambient temperature is higher than a preset temperature threshold and the SOC of the power battery is greater than or equal to a third preset threshold, then the energy management strategy for the fuel cell vehicle is determined to be the sixth strategy. The sixth strategy includes:

[0055] The power battery is activated and provides power to the fuel cell vehicle until the power battery SOC is less than a first preset threshold.

[0056] Start the fuel cell and control it to operate at rated power so that the fuel cell can power the fuel cell vehicle while charging the battery.

[0057] If the SOC of the power battery is greater than the second preset threshold and less than or equal to the third preset threshold, the fuel cell is controlled to operate at economic power so that the fuel cell can charge the power battery while providing power to the fuel cell vehicle.

[0058] If the SOC of the power battery is greater than the third preset threshold, the fuel cell will be shut down, and the power battery will be controlled to provide power to the fuel cell vehicle.

[0059] The embodiments of the present invention, through the above-described energy management method based on SOC threshold, enable the final SOC of the power battery to cycle between a first preset threshold and a third preset threshold. That is, during the operation of the fuel cell vehicle, the power battery is controlled to work within a suitable SOC range, thereby achieving the technical effect of extending the life of the power battery.

[0060] The following examples illustrate the different energy management strategies implemented in the methods provided by the embodiments of the present invention, using specific numerical values. For instance, the preset temperature threshold is set to 0°C, the first preset threshold is 30%, the second preset threshold is 50%, and the third preset threshold is 80%.

[0061] Specifically, after the fuel cell vehicle is powered on at low voltage, the VCU reads the ambient temperature T and the state of charge (SOC) of the power battery. Based on different temperatures and power battery SOCs, the vehicle status is divided into six modes, as shown in Table 1. Then, different energy management strategies are used to control the vehicle's start-up and operation.

[0062] Table 1 Six Modes of Fuel Cell Vehicles

[0063] Temperature and SOC T≤0℃ T＞0℃ SOC < 30% Case 1 Case 4 30% ≤ SOC < 80% Case 2 Case 5 SOC ≥ 80% Case 3 Case 6

[0064] Case 1: Start the power battery and fuel cell cycle heating system to heat the fuel cell temperature to above 0°C, start fuel cell power generation. When the fuel cell output voltage is greater than the preset voltage value, the vehicle enters the READY state. The fuel cell operates at rated power to provide power to the vehicle while charging the power battery to SOC > 50%. At this time, the fuel cell changes mode to economic power operation, providing power to the vehicle while charging the power battery to SOC > 80%. Then the fuel cell operates at minimum power, only maintaining the consumption of high-voltage accessories, and the power battery provides the main power to the vehicle until the power battery SOC < 50%. The fuel cell changes mode to economic power operation and charges the power battery to SOC > 80%, thus maintaining the power battery SOC between 50% and 80% in a cycle.

[0065] Case 2: The power battery and fuel cell cycle heating system are activated, and the vehicle directly enters READY mode. The power battery provides power to the entire vehicle. When the fuel cell temperature is heated above 0°C, the fuel cell starts generating electricity. If the current power battery SOC is < 50%, the fuel cell operates at rated power to provide power to the vehicle while charging the power battery to SOC > 50%. The fuel cell then switches to economic power operation mode, providing power to the vehicle while charging the power battery to SOC > 80%. If the current power battery SOC is 50% ≤ SOC ≤ 80%, the fuel cell operates at economic power, providing power to the vehicle while charging the power battery to SOC > 80%. At this time, the fuel cell operates at minimum power, only maintaining the consumption of high-voltage accessories, with the power battery providing the main power to the vehicle until the power battery SOC is < 50%. The fuel cell then switches to economic power operation mode, charging the power battery to SOC > 80%, thus maintaining the power battery SOC between 50% and 80% in a cycle.

[0066] Case 3: When the power battery and fuel cell thermal management system are activated, the vehicle directly enters the READY state. The power battery provides power to the vehicle until the power battery SOC is less than 50%. At this point, the fuel cell starts generating electricity and operates at economic power to provide power to the vehicle while charging the power battery to SOC greater than 80%. Then, the fuel cell operates at minimum power, only maintaining the consumption of high-voltage accessories, and the power battery provides the main power to the vehicle until the power battery SOC is less than 50%. The fuel cell then changes mode to economic power operation and charges the power battery to SOC greater than 80%, thus maintaining the power battery SOC between 50% and 80%.

[0067] Case 4: When the power battery and fuel cell system are started, the vehicle directly enters the READY state. The fuel cell operates at rated power to provide power to the vehicle while charging the power battery to SOC > 50%. Then, the fuel cell changes mode to economic power operation, providing power to the vehicle while charging the power battery to SOC > 80%. At this time, the fuel cell system shuts down, and the power battery provides power to the entire vehicle until the power battery SOC < 30%. The fuel cell is then started again to operate at rated power to provide power to the vehicle while charging the power battery to SOC > 50%. At this time, the fuel cell changes mode to economic power operation, providing power to the vehicle while charging the power battery to SOC > 80%, thus maintaining the power battery SOC between 30% and 80% in a cycle.

[0068] Case 5: When the power battery and fuel cell system are started, the vehicle directly enters the READY state. If the current power battery SOC is < 50%, the fuel cell operates at rated power to provide power to the vehicle while charging the power battery until the SOC is > 50%. The fuel cell then switches to economic power operation mode, providing power to the vehicle while charging the power battery until the SOC is > 80%. If the current power battery SOC is 50% ≤ SOC ≤ 80%, the fuel cell operates at economic power, providing power to the vehicle while charging the power battery until the SOC is > 80%. The fuel cell system is then shut down, and the power battery provides power to the vehicle until the power battery SOC is < 30%. The fuel cell is then started again to operate at rated power to provide power to the vehicle while charging the power battery until the SOC is > 50%. At this point, the fuel cell switches to economic power operation mode, providing power to the vehicle while charging the power battery until the SOC is > 80%, thus maintaining the power battery SOC between 30% and 80%.

[0069] Case 6: When the power battery is started, the vehicle directly enters the READY state, and the power battery provides power to the vehicle until the power battery SOC < 30%. The fuel cell is started to operate at rated power to provide power to the vehicle while charging the power battery to SOC > 50%. At this time, the fuel cell changes mode to economic power operation, providing power to the vehicle while charging the power battery to SOC > 80%. Then the fuel cell system is shut down, and the power battery provides power until the power battery SOC < 30%, thus maintaining the power battery SOC between 30% and 80% in a cycle.

[0070] As described above, the present invention provides an energy management method for the start-up and operation of a fuel cell vehicle, which links the energy management of the fuel cell vehicle with the ambient temperature and the state of charge (SOC) of the power battery. Based on different ambient temperatures and power battery SOCs, the fuel cell vehicle adopts different energy management methods to improve the overall vehicle economy and extend the lifespan of the fuel cell and power battery.

[0071] Compared with existing energy management methods, the method provided in this invention has the following technical advantages:

[0072] (1) It reduces the waiting time for cold start of fuel cells at low temperatures in traditional solutions, thus improving the user's driving experience;

[0073] (2) The fuel cell will not shut down under low temperature conditions, avoiding the need for cold restart after the fuel cell shuts down under low temperature and high SOC conditions of the power battery in traditional solutions;

[0074] (3) The sub-mode control enables the power battery to cycle within a suitable SOC range, thus extending the life of the power battery.

[0075] (4) It enables the fuel cell to operate at a high efficiency for a long time, avoids large changes in output, and reduces the working time of the fuel cell, thereby improving the economy of the vehicle and the service life of the fuel cell.

[0076] Example 2:

[0077] Figure 2 This invention provides an energy management system for the start-up and operation of a fuel cell vehicle, which is applied to the vehicle controller of the fuel cell vehicle. Figure 2 As shown, the system includes: an acquisition module 10 and a control module 20.

[0078] Specifically, module 10 is used to acquire the ambient temperature and the state of charge (SOC) of the power battery of the fuel cell vehicle.

[0079] The control module 20 is used to determine the energy management strategy of the fuel cell vehicle based on the ambient temperature and the state of charge (SOC) of the power battery, and to control the operation of the fuel cell and the power battery of the fuel cell vehicle according to the energy management strategy.

[0080] This invention provides an energy management method and system for the start-up and operation of a fuel cell vehicle. By linking the energy management of the fuel cell vehicle with the ambient temperature and the state of charge (SOC) of the power battery, different energy management strategies are adopted according to different ambient temperatures and power battery SOCs. This can improve the overall vehicle economy and extend the lifespan of the fuel cell and power battery, thus alleviating the technical problems in the prior art that impair the lifespan of the fuel cell and the range of the vehicle.

[0081] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a control module provided according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2As shown, the control module 20 also includes: a first control unit 21, a second control unit 22, a third control unit 23, a fourth control unit 24, a fifth control unit 25, and a sixth control unit 26.

[0082] Specifically, the first control unit 21 is configured to determine the energy management strategy of the fuel cell vehicle as the first strategy if the ambient temperature is not higher than a preset temperature threshold and the state of charge (SOC) of the power battery is less than a first preset threshold. The first strategy includes:

[0083] Start the power battery and the fuel cell's circulating heating system;

[0084] The fuel cell is started when it is heated to a preset temperature threshold by the circulating heating system.

[0085] After the output voltage of the fuel cell exceeds the preset voltage value, the fuel cell is controlled to operate at the rated power so that the fuel cell can charge the power battery while providing power to the fuel cell vehicle, until the power battery SOC exceeds the second preset threshold.

[0086] The fuel cell is controlled to operate at economic power so that it can charge the power battery while providing power to the fuel cell vehicle, until the power battery's SOC is greater than a third preset threshold; economic power is the operating power corresponding to the maximum conversion efficiency of the fuel cell.

[0087] The fuel cell is controlled to operate at the minimum power required to maintain the high-voltage accessories of the fuel cell vehicle, while the power battery is controlled to provide power to the fuel cell vehicle.

[0088] The second control unit 22 is configured to determine the energy management strategy of the fuel cell vehicle as the second strategy if the ambient temperature is not higher than a preset temperature threshold and the SOC of the power battery is greater than or equal to a first preset threshold and less than a third preset threshold. The second strategy includes:

[0089] The power battery is activated to provide power to the fuel cell vehicle, and the fuel cell's circulating heating system is activated.

[0090] The fuel cell is started when it is heated to a preset temperature threshold by the circulating heating system.

[0091] If the SOC of the power battery is less than the second preset threshold, the fuel cell is controlled to operate at rated power so that the fuel cell can charge the power battery while providing power to the fuel cell vehicle.

[0092] If the SOC of the power battery is greater than or equal to the second preset threshold and less than the third preset threshold, the fuel cell is controlled to operate at economic power so that the fuel cell can charge the power battery while providing power to the fuel cell vehicle.

[0093] If the SOC of the power battery is greater than or equal to the third preset threshold, the fuel cell is controlled to operate at the minimum power required to maintain the high-voltage accessories of the fuel cell vehicle, while the power battery is controlled to provide power to the fuel cell vehicle.

[0094] The third control unit is used to determine the energy management strategy of the fuel cell vehicle as the third strategy if the ambient temperature is not higher than a preset temperature threshold and the state of charge (SOC) of the power battery is greater than or equal to a third preset threshold. The third strategy includes:

[0095] It activates the power battery and provides power to the fuel cell vehicle;

[0096] Simultaneously, the thermal management system of the fuel cell is activated so that the thermal management system heats the ambient temperature of the fuel cell vehicle to a temperature higher than a preset threshold.

[0097] If the SOC of the power battery is less than the second preset threshold, the fuel cell is started and controlled to operate at economic power so that the fuel cell can charge the power battery while providing power to the fuel cell vehicle.

[0098] If the SOC of the power battery is greater than or equal to the third preset threshold, the fuel cell is controlled to operate at the minimum power required to maintain the high-voltage accessories of the fuel cell vehicle, while the power battery is controlled to provide power to the fuel cell vehicle.

[0099] The fourth control unit 24 is configured to determine the energy management strategy of the fuel cell vehicle as the fourth strategy if the ambient temperature is higher than a preset temperature threshold and the state of charge (SOC) of the power battery is lower than a first preset threshold. The fourth strategy includes:

[0100] Start the power battery and start the fuel cell;

[0101] The fuel cell is controlled to operate at rated power so that it can charge the power battery while providing power to the fuel cell vehicle, until the power battery SOC is greater than a second preset threshold.

[0102] Control the fuel cell to operate at economical power so that the fuel cell can charge the power battery while providing power to the fuel cell vehicle, until the power battery SOC is greater than a third preset threshold.

[0103] The fuel cell is shut down, while the power battery is controlled to provide power to the fuel cell vehicle.

[0104] The fifth control unit is used to determine the energy management strategy of the fuel cell vehicle as the fifth strategy if the ambient temperature is higher than a preset temperature threshold and the power battery SOC is greater than or equal to a first preset threshold and less than a third preset threshold. The fifth strategy includes:

[0105] Start the power battery and start the fuel cell;

[0106] If the SOC of the power battery is less than the second preset threshold, the fuel cell is controlled to operate at rated power so that the fuel cell can charge the power battery while providing power to the fuel cell vehicle.

[0107] If the SOC of the power battery is greater than or equal to the second preset threshold and less than or equal to the third preset threshold, the fuel cell is controlled to operate at economic power so that the fuel cell can charge the power battery while providing power to the fuel cell vehicle.

[0108] If the SOC of the power battery is greater than the third preset threshold, the fuel cell will be shut down, and the power battery will be controlled to provide power to the fuel cell vehicle.

[0109] The sixth control unit 26 is used to determine the energy management strategy of the fuel cell vehicle as the sixth strategy if the ambient temperature is higher than a preset temperature threshold and the state of charge (SOC) of the power battery is greater than or equal to a third preset threshold. The sixth strategy includes:

[0110] The power battery is activated and provides power to the fuel cell vehicle until the power battery SOC is less than a first preset threshold.

[0111] Start the fuel cell and control it to operate at rated power so that the fuel cell can power the fuel cell vehicle while charging the battery.

[0112] If the SOC of the power battery is greater than or equal to the second preset threshold and less than or equal to the third preset threshold, the fuel cell is controlled to operate at economic power so that the fuel cell can charge the power battery while providing power to the fuel cell vehicle.

[0113] If the SOC of the power battery is greater than the third preset threshold, the fuel cell will be shut down, and the power battery will be controlled to provide power to the fuel cell vehicle.

[0114] This invention also provides an electronic device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the steps of the method in Embodiment 1 described above.

[0115] This invention also provides a computer-readable medium having processor-executable non-volatile program code that causes the processor to perform the method described in Embodiment 1 above.

[0116] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. An energy management method for the start-up and operation of a fuel cell vehicle, applied to the vehicle controller of a fuel cell vehicle; characterized in that, include: The ambient temperature and SOC of the power battery of the fuel cell vehicle are obtained; Based on the ambient temperature and the SOC of the power battery, an energy management strategy for the fuel cell vehicle is determined, and the operation of the fuel cell and power battery of the fuel cell vehicle is controlled by the energy management strategy. When the ambient temperature is not higher than a preset temperature threshold, the energy management strategy includes: starting the power battery to provide power to the fuel cell vehicle, and starting the fuel cell's circulating heating system to heat the fuel cell to above the preset temperature threshold. Based on the relationship between the current SOC of the power battery and a preset SOC range, the starting timing and power operation mode of the fuel cell are controlled to maintain the power battery SOC cycling between a second preset threshold and a third preset threshold. The power operation modes include a rated power operation mode, an economic power operation mode, and a minimum power operation mode. In the rated power operation mode, the fuel cell operates at rated power, providing power to the fuel cell vehicle while charging the power battery to the second preset threshold. In the economic power operation mode, the fuel cell operates at the economic operating power where the fuel cell's conversion efficiency is at its maximum, providing power to the fuel cell vehicle while charging the power battery to the third preset threshold. In the minimum power operation mode, the fuel cell operates at minimum power to maintain the consumption of high-voltage accessories in the fuel cell vehicle.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Based on the ambient temperature and the state of charge (SOC) of the power battery, determine the energy management strategy for the fuel cell vehicle, including: If the ambient temperature is not higher than the preset temperature threshold and the SOC of the power battery is less than the first preset threshold, then the energy management strategy of the fuel cell vehicle is determined to be the first strategy. The first strategy includes: Start the power battery and start the circulating heating system of the fuel cell; The fuel cell is started when it is heated to a temperature above the preset threshold by the circulating heating system. After the output voltage of the fuel cell exceeds a preset voltage value, the fuel cell is controlled to operate at rated power so that the fuel cell can charge the power battery while providing power to the fuel cell vehicle, until the SOC of the power battery exceeds a second preset threshold. The fuel cell is controlled to operate at economical power so that it can charge the power battery while providing power to the fuel cell vehicle, until the power battery's SOC is greater than a third preset threshold. The fuel cell is controlled to operate at the minimum power required to maintain the high-voltage accessories of the fuel cell vehicle, while the power battery is controlled to provide power to the fuel cell vehicle.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Based on the ambient temperature and the state of charge (SOC) of the power battery, determine the energy management strategy for the fuel cell vehicle, including: If the ambient temperature is not higher than the preset temperature threshold, and the SOC of the power battery is greater than or equal to the first preset threshold and less than the third preset threshold, then the energy management strategy of the fuel cell vehicle is determined to be the second strategy. The second strategy includes: The power battery is activated to provide power to the fuel cell vehicle, and the circulating heating system of the fuel cell is activated; The fuel cell is started when it is heated to a temperature above the preset threshold by the circulating heating system. If the SOC of the power battery is less than the second preset threshold, the fuel cell is controlled to operate at rated power so that the fuel cell can charge the power battery while providing power to the fuel cell vehicle. If the SOC of the power battery is greater than or equal to the second preset threshold and less than the third preset threshold, the fuel cell is controlled to operate at economic power so that the fuel cell can charge the power battery while providing power to the fuel cell vehicle. If the SOC of the power battery is greater than or equal to the third preset threshold, the fuel cell is controlled to operate at the minimum power required to maintain the high-voltage accessories of the fuel cell vehicle, while the power battery is controlled to provide power to the fuel cell vehicle.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Based on the ambient temperature and the state of charge (SOC) of the power battery, determine the energy management strategy for the fuel cell vehicle, including: If the ambient temperature is not higher than the preset temperature threshold and the SOC of the power battery is greater than or equal to the third preset threshold, then the energy management strategy of the fuel cell vehicle is determined to be the third strategy. The third strategy includes: The power battery is activated and provides power to the fuel cell vehicle; Simultaneously, the thermal management system of the fuel cell is activated so that the thermal management system heats the ambient temperature of the fuel cell vehicle to a temperature higher than the preset temperature threshold. If the SOC of the power battery is less than the second preset threshold, the fuel cell is started and controlled to operate at economic power, so that the fuel cell can charge the power battery while providing power to the fuel cell vehicle. If the SOC of the power battery is greater than or equal to the third preset threshold, the fuel cell is controlled to operate at the minimum power required to maintain the high-voltage accessories of the fuel cell vehicle, while the power battery is controlled to provide power to the fuel cell vehicle.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Based on the ambient temperature and the state of charge (SOC) of the power battery, determine the energy management strategy for the fuel cell vehicle, including: If the ambient temperature is higher than the preset temperature threshold and the SOC of the power battery is less than the first preset threshold, then the energy management strategy of the fuel cell vehicle is determined to be the fourth strategy. The fourth strategy includes: Start the power battery and start the fuel cell; The fuel cell is controlled to operate at rated power so that the fuel cell provides power to the fuel cell vehicle while charging the power battery until the power battery's SOC is greater than a second preset threshold. The fuel cell is controlled to operate at economical power so that it can charge the power battery while providing power to the fuel cell vehicle, until the power battery's SOC is greater than a third preset threshold. The fuel cell is shut down, while the power battery is controlled to provide power to the fuel cell vehicle.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Based on the ambient temperature and the state of charge (SOC) of the power battery, determine the energy management strategy for the fuel cell vehicle, including: If the ambient temperature is higher than the preset temperature threshold, and the SOC of the power battery is greater than or equal to the first preset threshold and less than the third preset threshold, then the energy management strategy of the fuel cell vehicle is determined to be the fifth strategy. The fifth strategy includes: Start the power battery and start the fuel cell; If the SOC of the power battery is less than the second preset threshold, the fuel cell is controlled to operate at rated power so that the fuel cell can charge the power battery while providing power to the fuel cell vehicle. If the SOC of the power battery is greater than or equal to the second preset threshold and less than the third preset threshold, the fuel cell is controlled to operate at economic power so that the fuel cell can charge the power battery while providing power to the fuel cell vehicle. If the SOC of the power battery is greater than the third preset threshold, the fuel cell is shut down, and the power battery is controlled to provide power to the fuel cell vehicle.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Based on the ambient temperature and the state of charge (SOC) of the power battery, determine the energy management strategy for the fuel cell vehicle, including: If the ambient temperature is higher than the preset temperature threshold and the SOC of the power battery is greater than or equal to the third preset threshold, then the energy management strategy of the fuel cell vehicle is determined to be the sixth strategy. The sixth strategy includes: The power battery is activated and provides power to the fuel cell vehicle until the state of charge (SOC) of the power battery is less than a first preset threshold. The fuel cell is started and controlled to operate at rated power so that the fuel cell can power the fuel cell vehicle while charging the power battery. If the SOC of the power battery is greater than or equal to the second preset threshold and less than or equal to the third preset threshold, then the fuel cell is controlled to operate at economic power so that the fuel cell can charge the power battery while providing power to the fuel cell vehicle. If the SOC of the power battery is greater than or equal to the third preset threshold, the fuel cell is shut down, and the power battery is controlled to provide power to the fuel cell vehicle.

8. An energy management system for the start-up and operation process of a fuel cell vehicle, applied to the vehicle controller of a fuel cell vehicle; characterized in that, include: Acquisition module and control module; among which, The acquisition module is used to acquire the ambient temperature and the state of charge (SOC) of the power battery of the fuel cell vehicle. The control module is used to determine the energy management strategy of the fuel cell vehicle based on the ambient temperature and the state of charge (SOC) of the power battery, and to control the operation of the fuel cell and power battery of the fuel cell vehicle according to the energy management strategy. When the ambient temperature is not higher than a preset temperature threshold, the energy management strategy includes: starting the power battery to provide power to the fuel cell vehicle, and starting the fuel cell's circulating heating system to heat the fuel cell to above the preset temperature threshold. Based on the relationship between the current SOC of the power battery and a preset SOC range, the module controls the start-up timing and power operation mode of the fuel cell to maintain the power battery SOC cycling between a second preset threshold and a third preset threshold. The power operation modes include a rated power operation mode, an economic power operation mode, and a minimum power operation mode. In the rated power operation mode, the fuel cell operates at rated power, providing power to the fuel cell vehicle while charging the power battery to the second preset threshold. In the economic power operation mode, the fuel cell operates at the economic operating power where the fuel cell's conversion efficiency is at its maximum, providing power to the fuel cell vehicle while charging the power battery to the third preset threshold. In the minimum power operation mode, the fuel cell operates at minimum power to maintain the high-voltage accessory consumption of the fuel cell vehicle.

9. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that, When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the steps of the method described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A computer-readable medium having processor-executable non-volatile program code, characterized in that, The program code causes the processor to execute the method according to any one of claims 1-7.

Images