A precast roof slab and its construction method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a precast roof panel and its construction method. Existing concrete roofs have drawbacks such as inability to be produced in a factory-based and modular manner, slow construction speed, and relatively low strength. The present invention includes a steel structure base, inside which there is a concrete roof panel with integrated thermal insulation and waterproofing; the concrete roof panel includes a reinforced concrete layer, a polypropylene fiber cement mortar layer, and a waterproof and thermal insulation integrated layer; the steel structure base includes a side plate steel structure base with a dovetail notch, a side plate steel structure base with a dovetail, and a middle plate steel structure base, which are fixed to each other by a mortise and tenon connection method. The steel structure base of the present invention is provided with a mortise and tenon structure, which will not easily cause misalignment of the structure on site, ensuring the construction quality; corresponding construction bars are provided on the base, and a return-shaped steel plate is welded at the bottom of the base to ensure the stability of the connection between the concrete roof panel and the base.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of construction, and particularly relates to a precast roof panel and a construction method thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the improvement of people's living standards and the continuous improvement of the living environment, people's requirements for roof panels are also getting higher and higher. Therefore, people's requirements for roofing waterproof and thermal insulation materials have also increased accordingly. Currently, different materials are used for roofing waterproofing and thermal insulation respectively. There are many types of these materials, and the construction methods are relatively complex. Many materials will separate and interfere with each other, making construction difficult. Moreover, the existing roofs generally use concrete roofs made by concrete pouring. The existing concrete roofs have disadvantages such as inability to be produced in a factory and modular manner, slow construction speed, poor environmental protection, and low strength. In addition, after the existing assembled roofs are assembled, the waterproof and heat insulation effects are poor, and the joints are prone to water seepage and leakage of indoor cold air and heat. Moreover, the waterproof layer and thermal insulation layer formed by traditional methods are each an integral layer. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In order to make up for the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a precast roof panel and a construction method thereof, which realize the integration of roof panel thermal insulation and waterproofing, and are convenient for installation and save construction time.

[0004] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0005] A precast roof panel, characterized in that: it includes a steel structure base, and a concrete roof panel with integrated thermal insulation and waterproofing is arranged inside the steel structure base; the concrete roof panel with integrated thermal insulation and waterproofing includes three structural layers, which are a reinforced concrete layer, a polypropylene fiber cement mortar layer, and a waterproof and thermal insulation integrated layer in sequence from bottom to top;

[0006] The steel structure base includes a side plate steel structure base with a dovetail notch, a side plate steel structure base with a dovetail, and a middle plate steel structure base;

[0007] Rectangular holes are opened on the vertical steel plates on three sides of the side plate steel structure base with a dovetail notch, and a dovetail-shaped notch is opened on the remaining side, and it is fixed to the adjacent middle plate steel structure base by a mortise and tenon connection method;

[0008] Rectangular holes are opened on the vertical steel plates on three sides of the side plate steel structure base with a dovetail, and a dovetail steel member is opened on the remaining side, and it is fixed to the adjacent middle plate steel structure base by a mortise and tenon connection method;

[0009] Rectangular holes are opened on the vertical steel plates on two opposite sides of the middle plate steel structure base, and a dovetail steel member and a dovetail-shaped notch are respectively arranged on the vertical steel plates on the remaining two opposite sides.

[0010] Furthermore, the height of the steel structure base is one - half of that of the reinforced concrete layer.

[0011] Furthermore, the rectangular holes on the steel structure base correspond to the positions of the steel bars in the reinforced concrete layer.

[0012] Furthermore, steel bars are welded to the inner sides of the edges of the dovetail steel members on the steel structure base and the inner sides of the edges with dovetail - shaped notches.

[0013] Furthermore, a zigzag - shaped plate is welded to the bottom of the steel structure base.

[0014] Furthermore, the polypropylene fiber cement mortar layer is mixed with 1.2 kg / m 3 of polypropylene.

[0015] Furthermore, the waterproof and thermal insulation integrated layer is a rigid polyurethane foam waterproof and thermal insulation material.

[0016] Furthermore, the joints between the dovetail steel members and the dovetail - shaped notches are welded.

[0017] A construction method for precast roof panels includes the following steps:

[0018] Step 1: Lift the precast roof panels. The edge where the bottom steel bars extend is the edge connected to the concrete beam. Adjacent two precast roof panels are pre - assembled through dovetail steel members and dovetail - shaped notches;

[0019] Step 2: Weld at the joint positions between the dovetail steel members and the dovetail - shaped notches;

[0020] Step 3: Bind the stress - bearing steel bars of the reinforced concrete layer and the steel bars, and then anchor the bottom steel bars extending from the reinforced concrete layer into the concrete beam;

[0021] Step 4: Bind the top steel bars extending from the reinforced concrete layers of adjacent two precast roof panels;

[0022] Step 5: Pour the post - cast strip of the reinforced concrete layer to achieve complete fixation of the structure;

[0023] Step 6: After the strength of the reinforced concrete layer is qualified, pour the post - cast strip of the polypropylene fiber cement mortar layer;

[0024] Step 7: After the strength of the polypropylene fiber cement mortar layer is qualified, use the on - site foaming technology, that is, atomize polyol as material A and isocyanate as material B through the muzzle of the on - site spraying equipment and spray them onto the surface of the dry and flat polypropylene mortar layer to obtain the waterproof and thermal insulation integrated layer.

[0025] The beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0026] 1) The steel structure base of the present invention is provided with mortise and tenon structures for pre-fixing the structure, which can prevent the structure from being easily misaligned on site and ensure the construction quality.

[0027] 2) Corresponding construction bars are provided on the steel structure base of the present invention, and a return-shaped steel plate is welded at the bottom of the base to ensure the stability of the connection between the concrete roof panel and the base.

[0028] 3) The mortar layer under the waterproof and thermal insulation layer of the present invention is a polypropylene mortar layer. Above it is the thermal insulation layer, and below it is the indoor environment. Therefore, it is less affected by temperature changes. It contains 1.2 kg / m³ of polypropylene, which can reduce the shrinkage and micro-cracks of the mortar in the early hardening stage, reduce the dry shrinkage cracks in the later hardening stage and the micro-cracks caused by temperature changes, and basically ensure that no cracks will occur in this layer. If the waterproof and thermal insulation layer leaks due to special factors, this layer can play a further waterproofing role and prevent the reinforced concrete layer from being damaged by freeze-thaw.

[0029] 4) The waterproof and thermal insulation integrated layer of the present invention combines the two functions of waterproofing and thermal insulation. It is convenient for construction and has high strength. The polyurethane foam is composed of 95% tiny closed cells, and the closed cells are filled with gas. The water absorption rate of the polyurethane foam skin is almost zero. The on-site foaming technology is adopted, which is simple in operation, easy for technical disclosure, can quickly complete the construction of the waterproof and thermal insulation layer, and saves construction time.

[0030] 5) Most of the structures in the present invention are prefabricated, and only some structures need on-site operation. Therefore, the present invention can speed up the construction progress. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the combination of the middle plate steel structure base and the concrete roof panel with waterproof and thermal insulation integration;

[0033] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the combination of the side plate steel structure base with dovetail tenons and the concrete roof panel with waterproof and thermal insulation integration;

[0034] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the combination of the side plate steel structure base with dovetail tenon notches and the concrete roof panel with waterproof and thermal insulation integration;

[0035] Figure 5 is a top view of the steel structure base;

[0036] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the middle plate steel structure base;

[0037] Figure 7Top view of the side plate steel structure base with dovetail notch

[0038] Figure 8 Schematic structural diagram of the side plate steel structure base with dovetail notch

[0039] Figure 9 Top view of the side plate steel structure base with dovetail

[0040] Figure 10 Overall schematic diagram of the side plate steel structure base with dovetail

[0041] Figure 11 Schematic diagram of the post-cast strip of a precast roof slab structure

[0042] In the figure, 1 - side plate steel structure base with dovetail notch, 2 - middle plate steel structure base, 3 - side plate steel structure base with dovetail, 4 - steel structure base, 5 - waterproof and thermal insulation integrated layer, 6 - polypropylene fiber cement mortar layer, 7 - reinforced concrete layer, 8 - concrete roof slab with waterproof and thermal insulation integration, 9 - dovetail steel member, 10 - dovetail-shaped notch, 11 - rectangular hole, 12 - steel bar. Specific implementation mode

[0043] The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with specific implementation modes.

[0044] As Figure 1 、 5 shown, the present invention includes a steel structure base 4, and the steel structure base 4 includes a side plate steel structure base 1 with a dovetail notch, a side plate steel structure base 3 with a dovetail, and a middle plate steel structure base 2;

[0045] As Figure 2 、 3 、4 shown, a concrete roof slab 8 with waterproof and thermal insulation integration is arranged inside the side plate steel structure base 1 with a dovetail notch, the side plate steel structure base 3 with a dovetail, and the middle plate steel structure base 2; a return-shaped plate is welded at the bottom of the steel structure base 4 to support the concrete roof slab 8 with waterproof and thermal insulation integration at the bottom;

[0046] The concrete roof slab 8 with waterproof and thermal insulation integration includes three structural layers, which are, from bottom to top, a reinforced concrete layer 7, a polypropylene fiber cement mortar layer 6, and a waterproof and thermal insulation integrated layer 5; the height of the steel structure base 4 is half of that of the reinforced concrete layer 7;

[0047] As Figure 7 、 8 shown, rectangular holes 11 are opened on the vertical steel plates on three sides of the side plate steel structure base 1 with a dovetail notch, and a dovetail-shaped notch 10 is opened on the remaining side, and it is fixed to the adjacent middle plate steel structure base 2 by a mortise and tenon connection method;

[0048] As shown Figure 9 , 10 in the figure, rectangular holes 11 are provided on the vertical steel plates on three sides of the side plate steel structure base 3 with dovetail tenons, and dovetail tenon steel members 9 are provided on the remaining side, and are fixed to the adjacent middle plate steel structure base 2 by a mortise and tenon connection method;

[0049] As shown Figure 6 in the figure, rectangular holes 11 are provided on the vertical steel plates on two opposite sides of the middle plate steel structure base 2, and dovetail tenon steel members 9 and dovetail tenon-shaped notches 10 are respectively provided on the vertical steel plates on the remaining two opposite sides;

[0050] Reinforcing bars 12 are welded on the inner sides of the edges with dovetail tenon steel members 9 and the inner sides of the edges with dovetail tenon-shaped notches 10 on the steel structure base 4; the spacing, diameter and type of the reinforcing bars 12 are determined according to the stressed reinforcing bars in the reinforced concrete layer 7, and the stressed reinforcing bars are tied to transfer bending moment, and its length is determined according to the tying length of the reinforcing bars of the two-way composite slab; then, according to the position of the reinforcing bar layer, the position and size of the rectangular holes 11 on the vertical steel plates of the steel structure base 4 are determined, and the reinforcing bars in the reinforced concrete layer 7 are arranged in the rectangular holes 11.

[0051] Among them, for the production of the concrete roof slab 8 with integrated thermal insulation and waterproofing in the steel structure base 4, first tie the stressed reinforcing bars and the reinforcing bars 12 on the steel base 4, and then complete the production of the reinforced concrete layer 7; after the reinforced concrete layer 7 is poured, pour the polypropylene fiber cement mortar layer 6, and the amount of polypropylene incorporated is 1.2 kg / m3; finally, use the on-site foaming technology, that is, atomize the polyol as material A and the isocyanate as material B through the muzzle of the on-site spraying equipment to the surface of the dry and flat polypropylene mortar layer 6 to obtain the waterproof and thermal insulation integrated layer 5.

[0052] A construction method for a precast roof slab includes the following steps:

[0053] Step 1: Lift the precast roof slab. The edge where the bottom reinforcement extends is the edge connected to the concrete beam, and adjacent two precast roof slabs are pre-assembled through dovetail tenon steel members 9 and dovetail tenon-shaped notches 10;

[0054] Step 2: Weld at the joint positions of the dovetail tenon steel members 9 and the dovetail tenon-shaped notches 10;

[0055] Step 3: Tie the stressed reinforcing bars of the reinforced concrete layer 7 and the reinforcing bars 12, and then anchor the bottom reinforcement extending from the reinforced concrete layer 7 into the concrete beam;

[0056] Step 4: Bind the surface reinforcement bars extending from the reinforced concrete layer 7 of two adjacent precast roof slabs;

[0057] Step 5: Pour the post-cast strip of the reinforced concrete layer 7 to achieve complete fixation of the structure;

[0058] Step 6: After the strength of the reinforced concrete layer 7 is qualified, pour the post-cast strip of the polypropylene fiber cement mortar layer 6;

[0059] Step 7: After the strength of the polypropylene fiber cement mortar layer 6 is qualified, use the on-site foaming technology, that is, spray the polyol as material A and isocyanate as material B through the nozzle of the on-site spraying equipment to atomize and impact onto the surface of the dry and flat polypropylene mortar layer to obtain the waterproof and thermal insulation integrated layer 5.

[0060] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, the terms "set", "install", "connect", "link", "fix" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or integrated; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the internal communication of two components or the interaction relationship between two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations.

[0061] The content of the present invention is not limited to the examples listed. Any equivalent transformation of the technical solution of the present invention adopted by those of ordinary skill in the art by reading the specification of the present invention is covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A precast roof slab, characterized in that: It includes a steel structure base (4), and an integrated thermal insulation and waterproof concrete roof slab (8) is arranged inside the steel structure base (4); the integrated thermal insulation and waterproof concrete roof slab (8) includes three structural layers, which are, from bottom to top, a reinforced concrete layer (7), a polypropylene fiber cement mortar layer (6), and a waterproof and thermal insulation integrated layer (5); The steel structure base (4) includes a side plate steel structure base (1) with a dovetail notch, a side plate steel structure base (3) with a dovetail, and a middle plate steel structure base (2); Rectangular holes (11) are opened on the vertical steel plates on three sides of the side plate steel structure base (1) with a dovetail notch, and a dovetail-shaped notch (10) is opened on the remaining one side, and it is fixed to the adjacent middle plate steel structure base (2) by a mortise and tenon connection method; Rectangular holes (11) are opened on the vertical steel plates on three sides of the side plate steel structure base (3) with a dovetail, and a dovetail steel member (9) is opened on the remaining one side, and it is fixed to the adjacent middle plate steel structure base (2) by a mortise and tenon connection method; Rectangular holes (11) are opened on the vertical steel plates on two opposite sides of the middle plate steel structure base (2), and dovetail steel members (9) and dovetail-shaped notches (10) are respectively arranged on the vertical steel plates on the remaining two opposite sides.

2. A precast roof slab according to claim 1, characterized in that: The height of the steel structure base (4) is one-half of that of the reinforced concrete layer (7).

3. A precast roof slab according to claim 2, wherein: The rectangular holes (11) on the steel structure base (4) correspond to the positions of the steel bars in the reinforced concrete layer (7).

4. A precast roof slab according to claim 3, characterized in that: Steel bars (12) are welded on the inner sides of the edges with dovetail steel members (9) and on the inner sides of the edges with dovetail-shaped notches (10) of the steel structure base (4).

5. A precast roof slab according to claim 4, characterized in that: A return-shaped plate is welded at the bottom of the steel structure base (4).

6. The precast roof slab according to claim 5, characterized in that: The polypropylene fiber cement mortar layer (6) is doped with 1.2 kg / m 3 of polypropylene.

7. A precast roof slab according to claim 6, characterized in that: The waterproof and thermal insulation integrated layer (5) is a polyurethane rigid foam waterproof and thermal insulation material.

8. A precast roof slab according to claim 7, characterized in that: The joints between the dovetail steel members (9) and the dovetail-shaped notches (10) are welded and connected.

9. A construction method for a precast roof slab, characterized in that: It includes the following steps: Step 1: Hoist the precast roof slab. The edge where the bottom reinforcement extends is the edge connected to the concrete beam. Adjacent two precast roof slabs are pre-assembled through dovetail steel members (9) and dovetail-shaped notches (10); Step 2: Weld at the joint positions of the dovetail steel members (9) and the dovetail-shaped notches (10); Step 3: Bind the stressed steel bars of the reinforced concrete layer (7) and the steel bars (12), and then anchor the bottom reinforcement extending from the reinforced concrete layer (7) into the concrete beam; Step 4: Bind the top reinforcement extending from the reinforced concrete layers (7) of two adjacent precast roof slabs; Step 5: Pour the post-cast strip of the reinforced concrete layer (7) to achieve complete fixation of the structure; Step 6: After the strength of the reinforced concrete layer (7) is qualified, pour the post-cast strip of the polypropylene fiber cement mortar layer (6); Step 7: After the strength of the polypropylene fiber cement mortar layer (6) is qualified, use the on-site foaming technology, that is, atomize the polyol as material A and the isocyanate as material B through the muzzle of the on-site spraying equipment and spray it onto the surface of the dry and flat polypropylene mortar layer to obtain the waterproof and thermal insulation integrated layer (5).

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