A device and method for online monitoring of degradation and failure of high-intensity light components

Abstract

The present invention provides an apparatus and method for online monitoring of degradation and failure of a strong light element, and relates to the field of element detection technology. The apparatus involved in the present invention is composed of a laser, an infrared thermal imager, a laser absorption device, and a workstation computer. The method involves capturing infrared bands from the surface of a strong light element through the infrared thermal imager of the apparatus and forming infrared data. The workstation computer calculates the maximum temperature change rate, the area of ​​the high-temperature region, and the duration of the high temperature of the strong light element during the laser operation process based on the infrared data, and then judges the operating status of the strong light element based on the above three characteristic parameters. The present invention can not only quickly and timely detect damage to the strong light element, but also uses the maximum temperature change rate, the area of ​​the high-temperature region, and the duration of the high temperature of the strong light element during the laser operation process calculated from the infrared data as characteristic parameters to characterize the damage status of the strong light element, which can effectively improve the accuracy of detection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of component detection, and in particular to a device and method for online monitoring of degradation and failure of a high-intensity light component. Background Art

[0002] In laser systems, optical components play a crucial role as both the carriers and conductors of laser generation, amplification, transmission, and control. However, when operating under high-energy-density laser irradiation (optical components designed to withstand high-energy or high-power light are called intense light components, which require high precision and resistance to laser damage), they are susceptible to damage due to defects in the components and beam modulation. Laser-induced damage on the surface of optical components not only affects beam quality and luminous flux, but also increases system damage and can damage adjacent components, severely impacting the stability and reliability of system operation.

[0003] Because damage to optical components under high-energy continuous laser irradiation primarily manifests as thermal damage, it only takes a few hundred milliseconds for the surface coating to become completely ruptured. Relying on laser generation intervals for detection and evaluation is insufficient to promptly identify components at the early stages of surface coating damage. Once an optical component is damaged, it is crucial to shut down the light source and cease operation promptly. If the strong light can be turned off before the component explodes, damage to other optical components in the optical path can be avoided, effectively preventing catastrophic damage to the entire system. Therefore, achieving faster and more accurate online monitoring of optical component damage is crucial to enable timely laser shutdown, prevent optical component rupture, and ultimately protect the entire high-energy laser system.

[0004] Currently, the specific detection methods for determining damage to optical components can be divided into two types: offline detection and online detection. The offline monitoring method refers to removing the optical component from the system after the laser irradiation is completed and determining damage to its surface. For complex laser devices, the loading and unloading of optical components will introduce errors due to optical path restoration and adjustment, reducing the operating efficiency of the system. Online detection refers to the detection, online identification and analysis of the surface state of optical components during laser operation. The existing online detection technology for damage to strong light components is still immature, lacking characteristic parameters that can effectively characterize the damage of strong light components, and the detection accuracy needs to be improved. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a device and method for timely and effective online monitoring of the degradation and failure of high-intensity light components. The method captures the infrared band on the surface of the high-intensity light component during laser operation online, and based on the feature recognition of the infrared image, extracts the characteristic parameters of the maximum temperature change rate, the area of ​​the high-temperature area, and the duration of the high temperature to judge the operating status of the high-intensity light component, with good real-time performance and high accuracy.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical methods: a device and method for online monitoring of degradation and failure of high-intensity light components, comprising: a laser, an infrared thermal imager, a laser absorption device, and a workstation computer connected to the infrared thermal imager;

[0007] The laser emits laser light to the strong light element to be monitored;

[0008] The laser absorption device absorbs the laser reflected by the strong light element;

[0009] The infrared thermal imager captures in real time the infrared band radiated outward by the strong light element after absorbing laser energy and heating up, and transmits the infrared data containing m frames of infrared images from the infrared band to the workstation computer;

[0010] The workstation computer converts the acquired infrared data into m frames of data images and extracts characteristic parameters from the data images, including the maximum temperature change rate characteristic , Area characteristics of high temperature areas , High temperature duration characteristics , and then judge whether the strong light component is degraded and failed according to the characteristic parameters;

[0011] The maximum temperature change rate characteristic is the difference between the highest temperature in the current frame and the previous frame data image; the area feature of the high temperature area The number of pixels in each frame of data image that is greater than the warning temperature; the high temperature duration feature The temperature is greater than the warning temperature in all frame data images. The number of frames that appear.

[0012] As another aspect of the present invention, a method for online monitoring of degradation and failure of a high-intensity light element comprises:

[0013] Step S1, installing the above-mentioned device for online monitoring of degradation and failure of a strong light element, placing the strong light element to be monitored in the optical path of the laser emitting laser, placing the laser absorption device in the optical path of the laser reflecting laser from the strong light element, placing the infrared thermal imager at the same height as the strong light element, and connecting the workstation computer and the infrared thermal imager via a network cable interface;

[0014] Step S2: activating the laser to emit laser light onto the surface of the strong light element. The strong light element reflects the laser light and radiates infrared wavelengths. The laser absorption device absorbs the laser light reflected by the strong light element. The infrared thermal imager captures the infrared wavelengths in real time and forms infrared data comprising m frames of infrared images, which are then transmitted to the workstation computer.

[0015] Step S3: The workstation computer converts the acquired infrared data into m frames of data images and extracts characteristic parameters from the data images, including the maximum temperature change rate characteristic. , Area characteristics of high temperature areas , High temperature duration characteristics , and then judge whether the strong light element is degraded and failed based on the characteristic parameters. If one or more characteristic parameters exceed the corresponding warning threshold, it means that the strong light element is degraded and failed, and the laser operation needs to be stopped urgently and the fault needs to be eliminated; if all characteristic parameters do not reach the corresponding warning threshold, it means that the strong light element is operating normally.

[0016] Furthermore, in step S3, when the workstation computer converts the acquired infrared data into m frames of data images, it first saves the acquired infrared data into a raw format file, and then converts the raw format file into m frames of data images, where the pixels of each frame of data image are , each frame of data image corresponds to a temperature matrix containing several data points that can be read and identified.

[0017] Furthermore, the maximum temperature change rate characteristic The expression is:

[0018] (1)

[0019] In formula (1), The unit is °C / frame; are the data points of the temperature matrix; For the The temperature matrix of the frame data image, Indicates the The highest temperature value in the frame data image; Indicates the The highest temperature value in the previous frame of data image; ;

[0020] The high temperature area characteristics The expression is:

[0021] (2)

[0022] In formula (2), The unit of is piece; Indicates warning temperature; Indicates that the temperature matrix is ​​greater than The value of the data point; Indicates the Frame data image is larger than The number of pixels; ;

[0023] The high temperature duration characteristics The expression is:

[0024] (3)

[0025] In formula (3), The unit is frame; The maximum temperature exceeds the warning temperature The number of data image frames.

[0026] Preferably, the warning temperature Set to 28°C.

[0027] Preferably, the is 500, the maximum temperature change rate characteristic The warning threshold is 10℃ / frame; the high temperature area feature The warning threshold is 12,000; the high temperature duration characteristics The warning threshold is 100 frames.

[0028] The present invention provides an apparatus and method for online monitoring of degradation and failure of high-energy laser components. The apparatus comprises a laser, an infrared thermal imager, a laser absorption device, and a workstation computer. The method uses the apparatus's infrared thermal imager to capture infrared wavelengths from the surface of the high-energy laser component and generate infrared data. The workstation computer then calculates the high-temperature change rate, the area of ​​the high-temperature region, and the duration of the high temperature during laser operation based on the infrared data. The operating status of the high-energy laser component is then determined based on these three characteristic parameters. Compared with traditional offline monitoring methods, this method can more quickly detect damage to the high-energy laser component, which is important for timely laser shutdown, preventing optical component explosion, and ultimately protecting the entire high-energy laser system. Furthermore, compared with existing online detection technologies for high-energy laser component damage, this method uses the high-temperature change rate, the area of ​​the high-temperature region, and the duration of the high temperature calculated from the infrared data during laser operation as characteristic parameters to characterize the damage status of the high-energy laser component, effectively improving detection accuracy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the device for online monitoring of degradation and failure of a strong light element provided by the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 This is a flow chart of the method for online monitoring of degradation and failure of a high-intensity light element provided by the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 This is a comparison chart of the maximum temperatures of normal and defective high-intensity light elements monitored during laser operation in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 4 This is a comparison chart of the maximum temperature change rates of normal and defective high-intensity light elements monitored during laser operation in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 5 This is a graph showing the high temperature area and high temperature duration of a normal strong light element monitored during laser operation in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 6 is a graph showing the high temperature area and high temperature duration of a defective strong light element monitored during laser operation in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 7 yes Figure 6 A partial enlarged view of part A;

[0036] Figure 1 In the figure, 1 is laser, 2 is infrared thermal imager, 3 is laser absorption device, 4 is workstation computer, and B is strong light element. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] In order to facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art, the present invention will be further described below with reference to embodiments and drawings. The contents mentioned in the embodiments are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0038] like Figure 1 As shown, a device for online monitoring of degradation and failure of a strong light element includes a laser 1, an infrared thermal imager 2, a laser absorption device 3, and a workstation computer 4 connected to the infrared thermal imager 2.

[0039] like Figure 2 As shown, a method for online monitoring of degradation and failure of a strong light element is provided, wherein the above-mentioned device is used to detect the state of the strong light element during laser operation. The method comprises the following steps:

[0040] Step S1, installation

[0041] The device for online monitoring of degradation and failure of strong light elements is installed. Among them, the strong light element B to be monitored can be placed in the optical path of the laser 1 emitting laser light using a standardized optical element fixture and a motion platform, and the laser absorption device 3 is placed in the optical path of the laser reflected by the strong light element B. The infrared thermal imager 2 is placed at the same height as the strong light element B using an adjustable optical platform. The workstation computer 4 is connected to the infrared thermal imager 2 through a network cable interface and shares a local IP address.

[0042] Step S2, start

[0043] Start the laser 1 to emit laser light to irradiate the surface of the strong light element B. The laser light reflected by the strong light element B is absorbed by the laser absorption device 3. At the same time, the surface of the strong light element B absorbs the laser energy to increase its own temperature and radiates infrared bands to the outside world. At this time, the radiated infrared bands are captured by the infrared thermal imager 2 to form real-time infrared data. The infrared data contains m frames of infrared images and is transmitted to the workstation computer 4.

[0044] Step S3, analysis

[0045] Step S3.1, preparation before data analysis. Place the high-intensity light element B to be analyzed in the optical path of the laser 1, while the laser 1 is not operating. Turn on the infrared thermal imager 2 and connect it to the workstation computer 4, completing the connection between the infrared thermal imager 2 and the workstation computer 4. Set the acquired infrared data format in the workstation computer 4. In this embodiment, the infrared data format set is raw, which can obtain raw, unprocessed data. Before data analysis, a test can also be performed to record data that has not yet been officially emitted to determine whether the connection between the infrared thermal imager 2 and the workstation computer 4 is normal and whether data can be transmitted normally. Specifically, when the infrared thermal imager 2 and the workstation computer 4 are properly connected, an amber indicator light will appear at the interface, accompanied by a clicking sound as the lens focuses. At the same time, the IP address of the workstation computer 4 will be displayed on the software corresponding to the infrared thermal imager 2. If the connection is not normal, these phenomena will not occur. At this point, the preparations before data analysis are complete.

[0046] Step S3.2, extract data for preliminary analysis. The workstation computer 4 saves the infrared data obtained from the infrared thermal imager 2 as a raw file, and then converts the raw file into 500 frames of data images (in actual application, software such as MATLAB can be used for this conversion). The pixels of each frame of data image are , each frame of data image corresponds to a temperature matrix containing several data points that can be read and identified.

[0047] Step S3.3, extract feature parameters.

[0048] Perform data analysis on each frame of data image obtained by workstation computer 4 and extract the highest temperature change rate feature , Area characteristics of high temperature areas , High temperature duration characteristics ,as follows:

[0049] 1) Extract the highest temperature change rate feature , the maximum temperature change rate characteristic is the difference between the highest temperature in the current frame and the previous frame data image, and its expression is:

[0050] (1)

[0051] In formula (1), The unit is °C / frame; are the data points of the temperature matrix; For the The temperature matrix of the frame data image, Indicates the The highest temperature value in the frame data image; Indicates the The highest temperature value in the previous frame of data image; .

[0052] Since the calculation of the maximum temperature change rate feature requires the highest temperature in the data image, this embodiment also provides the following Figure 3 The maximum temperature comparison diagram of normal and defective strong light elements within 500 frames of data images is shown. Further, Figure 4 A comparison chart of the maximum temperature change rates of normal and defective high-intensity light elements within 500 frames of data images in this embodiment is given.

[0053] 2) Area characteristics of high temperature areas , the area characteristics of the high temperature area The temperature in each frame of data image is greater than the warning temperature The number of pixels is expressed as:

[0054] (2)

[0055] In formula (2), The unit of is piece; Indicates the warning temperature. In this embodiment Set to 28℃, Indicates that the temperature matrix is ​​greater than The value of the data point; Indicates the Frame data image is larger than The number of pixels; .

[0056] 3) Characteristics of high temperature duration , the high temperature duration characteristics The temperature is greater than the warning temperature in all frame data images. The number of frames that appear is expressed as:

[0057] (3)

[0058] In formula (3), The unit is frame; The maximum temperature exceeds the warning temperature The number of data image frames.

[0059] In this embodiment, Figure 5 The high temperature area and high temperature duration curve of the normal strong light component during laser operation are given. Figure 6 The curves of high temperature area and high temperature duration of defective strong light elements during laser operation are given.

[0060] Step S3.4, determine whether the strong light element B is degraded and failed according to the characteristic parameters, as long as the maximum temperature change rate characteristic , Area characteristics of high temperature areas , High temperature duration characteristics If one or more characteristic parameters exceed the corresponding warning threshold, it means that the strong light element B is degraded and failed, and the laser 1 needs to be stopped and the fault needs to be eliminated. Only when all three characteristic parameters do not reach the corresponding warning threshold, it means that the strong light element B is operating normally. The warning threshold is 10℃ / frame, and the high temperature area feature The warning threshold is 12,000, and the duration of high temperature is characteristic The warning threshold is 100 frames.

[0061] This embodiment is Figure 3-7 The highest temperature change rate characteristic can be seen , Area characteristics of high temperature areas , High temperature duration characteristics It can effectively characterize the damage state of strong light components. Specifically, Figure 3 and Figure 4It can be seen that the maximum temperature of a normal strong light component is kept at around 20°C, and only rises to nearly 28°C at 140-165 frames. It is worth mentioning that the damage temperature of the strong light component is higher than 28°C. The strong light component will basically not be damaged if its temperature is maintained below 28°C under laser irradiation. The maximum temperature change rate of a normal strong light component has basically not changed, which is 0°C / frame. The maximum temperature of the defective strong light component rises sharply after 140 frames, as high as 140-160°C, and the maximum temperature change rate of the defective strong light component changes greatly at around 140 frames, which is greater than 30°C / frame, exceeding The warning threshold is 10℃ / frame, and there are intermittent fluctuations after 140 frames. Figure 5 and Figure 6 It can be seen that the high temperature area of ​​a normal strong light component is basically 0, and only increases to about 75 at 140-165 frames due to the influence of the highest temperature. Correspondingly, the high temperature lasts for 25 frames, which are normal fluctuation values. The high temperature area of ​​a defective strong light component increases significantly after 140 frames, reaching a maximum of more than 30,000, exceeding the warning threshold of 12,000 for the high temperature area. In addition, it can be seen from 7 that in the first 140 frames, there are intermittent data images with high temperature areas greater than 0. According to data statistics, the high temperature area of ​​the defective strong light component lasts for a total of 435 frames, which greatly exceeds the warning threshold of 12,000. The alert threshold is 100 frames.

[0062] The above embodiments are preferred implementation schemes of the present invention. In addition, the present invention can also be implemented in other ways. Any obvious replacement without departing from the concept of the present technical solution is within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0063] In order to make it easier for ordinary technicians in this field to understand the improvements of the present invention over the prior art, some drawings and descriptions of the present invention have been simplified, and for the sake of clarity, some other elements are omitted in this application document. Ordinary technicians in this field should realize that these omitted elements may also constitute the content of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for online monitoring of degradation and failure of a strong light element, characterized by: It comprises a laser (1), an infrared thermal imager (2), a laser absorption device (3), and a workstation computer (4) connected to the infrared thermal imager (2); The laser (1) emits laser light to the strong light element (B) to be monitored; The laser absorption device (3) absorbs the laser reflected by the strong light element (B); The infrared thermal imager (2) captures in real time the infrared band radiated outward by the strong light element (B) after absorbing laser energy and heating up, and transmits the infrared data containing m frames of infrared images formed by the infrared band to the workstation computer (4); The workstation computer (4) converts the acquired infrared data into m frames of data images and extracts characteristic parameters from the data images, including the maximum temperature change rate characteristic ΔT max , high temperature area characteristics M n , high temperature duration characteristic T, and then judging whether the strong light element (B) is degraded and failed according to the characteristic parameters; The maximum temperature change rate characteristic ΔT max is the difference between the highest temperature in the current frame and the previous frame data image; the high temperature area feature M n is the number of pixels in each frame of data image that are greater than the warning temperature γ; the high temperature duration feature T is the number of frames in which the temperature is greater than the warning temperature γ in all frame data images.

2. A method for online monitoring of degradation and failure of a strong light element, characterized in that: include: Step S1, installing the device for online monitoring degradation and failure of a strong light element as claimed in claim 1, placing the strong light element (B) to be monitored in the optical path of the laser (1) emitting laser light, placing the laser absorption device (3) in the optical path of the strong light element (B) reflecting laser light, placing the infrared thermal imager (2) at the same height as the strong light element (B), and connecting the workstation computer (4) and the infrared thermal imager (2) via a network cable interface; Step S2, starting the laser (1) to emit laser light to irradiate the surface of the strong light element (B), the strong light element (B) reflects the laser light and radiates infrared bands, the laser absorption device (3) absorbs the laser light reflected by the strong light element (B), the infrared thermal imager (2) captures the infrared band in real time and forms infrared data containing m frames of infrared images, and then transmits the infrared data to the workstation computer (4); Step S3, the workstation computer (4) converts the acquired infrared data into m frames of data images, and extracts characteristic parameters from the data images, including the maximum temperature change rate characteristic ΔT max , high temperature area characteristics M n , high temperature duration characteristic T, and then judging whether the strong light element (B) is degraded and failed according to the characteristic parameters. If one or more characteristic parameters exceed the corresponding warning threshold, it means that the strong light element (B) is degraded and failed, and the laser (1) needs to be stopped urgently and the fault needs to be eliminated. If all characteristic parameters do not reach the corresponding warning threshold, it means that the strong light element (B) is operating normally.

3. The method for online monitoring of degradation and failure of a strong light element according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step S3, when converting the acquired infrared data into m frames of data images, the workstation computer (4) first saves the acquired infrared data into a raw format file, and then converts the raw format file into m frames of data images, each frame of the data image has a pixel size of 640*512, and each frame of the data image corresponds to a temperature matrix containing a number of data points that can be read and identified.

4. The method for online monitoring of degradation and failure of a high-intensity light element according to claim 3, characterized in that: The maximum temperature change rate characteristic ΔT max The expression is: In formula (1), ΔT max The unit is ℃ / frame; i is each data point of the temperature matrix; G n (i) is the temperature matrix of the n-th frame data image, max{G n (i)} represents the highest temperature value in the nth frame data image; max{G n-1 (i)} represents the highest temperature value in the data image of the previous frame of the nth frame; 2≤n≤m; The high temperature area characteristic M n The expression is: In formula (2), M n The unit is ;γ represents the warning temperature; τ j Indicates the value of the data point greater than γ in the temperature matrix; M n (τ j ) represents the number of pixels greater than γ in the n-th frame data image; 1≤n≤m; The expression of the high temperature duration characteristic T is: In formula (3), the unit of T is frame; k is the number of data image frames whose maximum temperature value exceeds the warning temperature γ.

5. The method for online monitoring of degradation and failure of a high-intensity light element according to claim 4, characterized in that: The warning temperature γ is set to 28°C.

6. The method for online monitoring of degradation and failure of a high-intensity light element according to claim 5, characterized in that: The m is 500, the maximum temperature change rate characteristic ΔT max The warning threshold is 10℃ / frame; the high temperature area feature M n The warning threshold of is 12000; the warning threshold of the high temperature duration feature T is 100 frames.

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