An underwater solid-phase additive manufacturing device

Abstract

The application discloses an underwater solid-phase additive manufacturing device, which comprises a coaxial underwater dry area mechanism, a shell and an underwater welding torch mechanism. The shell is arranged above the underwater dry area mechanism. The upper half of the underwater welding torch mechanism is arranged in the shell, and the lower half of the underwater welding torch mechanism is arranged in the underwater dry area mechanism. The underwater dry area mechanism can create a local dry area in an underwater environment, the underwater welding torch mechanism can rotate at a high speed, heat is generated through friction to realize underwater solid-phase additive manufacturing, and the underwater welding torch itself is cooled by using the water environment. The application can efficiently carry out solid-phase additive manufacturing in the underwater environment. The application is based on the creation of a local dry area in the underwater environment, and the problems of low deposition efficiency and poor flowability of the deposited layer caused by the too fast heat dissipation of the welding torch and the deposited layer due to the water environment are avoided. The application is also based on active temperature measurement and the water of the external environment to regulate the temperature of the welding torch, and realizes continuous and stable solid-phase additive manufacturing in the underwater environment.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of solid phase additive manufacturing technology, and particularly relates to an underwater solid phase additive manufacturing device. BACKGROUND

[0002] The marine engineering equipment structural parts face severe service environment during service, thereby causing great threat to the normal service of the marine engineering equipment structural parts. In-situ repair of the damaged parts such as scratches and abrasion of the marine engineering equipment in service can significantly improve the service performance of the marine engineering equipment and prolong the service life of the equipment. The existing underwater repair technologies mainly include underwater additive repair technologies based on electric arc and underwater additive repair technologies based on laser. However, the underwater additive repair technologies based on electric arc and laser need to heat raw materials into liquid state and then stack and solidify layer by layer. Such a large temperature gradient is easy to cause problems such as pores, un-melting and thermal cracks in the deposition area. Even the repair area needs to be repaired and then heat treated, isostatic pressed and mechanically rolled for post-processing to eliminate the defects of the additive repair as much as possible.

[0003] The solid phase additive manufacturing technology is a kind of technology that realizes metal deposition process by using the principles of layer accumulation and friction extrusion plastic deformation. In the additive manufacturing, the metal material does not undergo melting and solidification. In addition, the small temperature gradient makes the deposition layer obtained by the solid phase additive manufacturing have small residual stress, and the formed part is not easy to deform and crack, and the formed part has forging organizational characteristics and excellent mechanical properties, thereby having great potential in realizing high-performance additive repair.

[0004] However, if the solid phase additive manufacturing technology is applied to underwater environment, the wet-based solid phase additive manufacturing technology can improve the cooling rate of the deposition layer, but the existence of water environment causes the torch and the deposition layer to cool too fast, which causes problems such as low deposition efficiency, poor flowability of the deposition layer and poor interlayer bonding quality. The underwater dry-based additive manufacturing can realize a dry area, but the cost is very high. The additive repair technology based on local dry method is a method that takes into account the cost and creates a water-free environment. In addition, the torch rotates at high speed during the solid phase additive process, and if the temperature of the additive deposition area is too high, the deposition material will be too soft, forming burrs, and even being thrown out of the deposition area, which greatly affects the additive deposition quality.

[0005] Chinese patent 202120797168.5 discloses a welding device for underwater friction stir welding, belonging to the technical field of underwater welding, comprising a water tank, one end of the water tank is provided with a water inlet, the water inlet is provided with a water inlet pipe, the other end is provided with a water outlet, the water outlet is provided with a water outlet pipe, the inner side of the bottom of the water tank is provided with a welding backing plate and a clamp for fixing the workpiece to be welded, a hydrogen collection device is arranged above the welding backing plate, which is used to collect hydrogen generated during welding to eliminate the influence of hydrogen on the weld. However, hydrogen atoms penetrating into the interior of steel usually occurs when the metal is in a liquid phase state, and the temperature of friction stir welding has not reached the solidus, therefore, hydrogen atoms cannot diffuse into the welding area of friction stir welding.

[0006] Chinese patent 200910072037.4 discloses a stirring head suitable for local dry friction stir welding in water environment, which relates to a stirring head for friction stir welding. The invention uses a special stirring head combined with a steel wire brush structure, which directly removes water from the welding area without the need for other drainage devices. The high temperature around the stirring head vaporizes the water near it, and uses the steam pressure to expel the water, while the simultaneous rotation of the stainless steel wire bundle centrifugal force throws the water out, and the inverted funnel-shaped cover prevents water from entering from the top and side of the steel wire brush structure, with the characteristics of being simple and easy to operate. However, based on the steel wire brush, it is impossible to completely remove the water to form a dry area in the case of involving large water depth. In addition, the amount of water vaporization of the welding head is very small, obviously unable to form a stable drainage dry area.

[0007] Chinese patent 20192186055.7 discloses an atomizing cooling device for friction stir welding equipment, comprising a fixing table, a flow adjusting knob, a cooling medium port, a connecting hose, a universal nozzle, a fixing plate, an air inlet, an atomizer main body, a stirring head and a filter gauze. The flow adjusting knob can conveniently control the output quantity and output speed of the cooling medium of the atomizer main body, preventing excessive waste of the cooling medium. The universal nozzle facilitates synchronous movement with the stirring head, atomizing and spraying the cooling medium onto the stirring head, weld and workpiece, reducing the temperature of the stirring head, and significantly reducing the heat transferred to the spindle component during welding. At the same time, the atomized cooling medium can effectively reduce the deformation of the workpiece after welding, has better cooling effect than high-pressure gas, ensures the welding quality, and the atomized cooling medium does not cause the rusting of the tooling; the filter gauze prevents foreign matter from being sprayed out of the universal nozzle, effectively improving the welding processing quality of the workpiece. However, this cooling method requires an additional external spraying device for one-way cooling outside the welding torch, and the cooling area is not uniform. When the spray is sprayed onto the deposited layer, it is easy to cause the deposited layer at the bottom to cool too early and lose fluidity too early, reducing the deposition efficiency. SUMMARY

[0008] The present application aims at the defects of the prior art, and provides an underwater solid-phase additive manufacturing device.

[0009] To solve the above technical problems, the present application provides the technical solutions as follows.

[0010] An underwater solid-phase additive manufacturing device is characterized in that it comprises an underwater dry area mechanism, a shell and an underwater welding torch mechanism, the underwater dry area mechanism, the shell and the underwater welding torch mechanism are coaxially arranged, the shell is arranged above the underwater dry area mechanism, the upper end of the underwater welding torch mechanism is arranged in the shell, and the lower end is arranged in the underwater dry area mechanism; the underwater welding torch mechanism can rotate at high speed around its axis, underwater metal material solid-phase additive manufacturing is realized by heat generated by friction between the bottom of the underwater welding torch mechanism and the deposited layer, and the underwater dry area mechanism can access high-pressure gas to manufacture a local dry area in the underwater environment and support high-speed rotation of the underwater welding torch mechanism.

[0011] Further, the underwater dry area mechanism comprises a dry area mechanism body, an air inlet channel, a central channel and an air inlet pipe, the air inlet channel is arranged through the dry area mechanism body, the upper end is connected with the air inlet pipe, and the lower end is connected with a local dry area below the dry area mechanism body; the central channel is arranged through the axis of the dry area mechanism body, and the underwater welding torch mechanism is coaxially connected in the central channel.

[0012] Further, the upper end of the dry area mechanism body is provided with a top boss, and the shell is connected with the dry area mechanism body through the top boss.

[0013] Further, the air inlet channel is annularly distributed with the center of the dry area mechanism body as the axis.

[0014] Further, the underwater welding torch mechanism comprises coaxially arranged central rod material, working shell, plane bearing, partition sleeve and central sleeve, the inner axis of the working shell is provided with an inner hole and a rod material channel, the connection part of the inner hole and the rod material channel forms an inner layer step, the plane bearing is arranged on the inner layer step, the partition sleeve is arranged in the inner hole and on the plane bearing, the central sleeve is arranged in the partition sleeve, and the central rod material is arranged in the central sleeve and the rod material channel.

[0015] Further, the partition sleeve comprises a cylindrical partition and a top step arranged at the upper end of the cylindrical partition, a water inlet and a water outlet are arranged on the top step, the water inlet is communicated with the inner side of the cylindrical partition and the welding torch water cooling device, the water outlet is communicated with the outer side of the cylindrical partition and the welding torch water cooling device, and the bottom of the cylindrical partition is provided with a bottom through hole, so that the cooling water can pass through the water inlet, the inner side of the cylindrical partition, the bottom through hole, the outer side of the cylindrical partition and the water outlet in sequence and return to the welding torch water cooling device.

[0016] Further, a top dynamic seal is arranged between the top step and the working shell, and a plane bearing seal is arranged between the plane bearing and the working shell.

[0017] Further, a center bearing is connected between the working shell and the dry area mechanism body, and a center bearing seal is arranged at the lower end of the center bearing.

[0018] Further, the welding torch water cooling device is arranged in the shell and comprises a water inlet pipe, a variable frequency water pump, a water outlet pipe and a check valve, one end of the water inlet pipe is connected with a cooling water source, the other end is connected with the water inlet of the underwater welding torch mechanism, one end of the water outlet pipe is connected with the water outlet of the underwater welding torch mechanism, the other end is connected with an external water environment, the variable frequency water pump is arranged on the water inlet pipe, and the check valve is arranged on the water outlet pipe.

[0019] Further, a temperature sensor is arranged at the lower end of the dry area mechanism body, so that the temperature of the bottom of the underwater welding torch mechanism can be monitored and fed back to the variable frequency water pump in real time.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] 1. The present application can repair and additively manufacture marine engineering components in situ, with high efficiency and high performance in the marine environment. In the additive manufacturing process, the metal material does not melt and solidify, the residual stress is small, and the additive deposition layer is not easy to crack. The defects such as porosity, incomplete fusion and thermal cracks, which are inevitable in traditional underwater melting additive manufacturing technology, are overcome. The heat treatment, hot isostatic pressing and mechanical rolling post-processing for improving performance are avoided, and high-performance deposition parts can be conveniently and quickly manufactured in underwater environment.

[0022] (2) The underwater dry area mechanism is used to create a local dry area, which can avoid the low deposition efficiency and poor flowability of the deposition layer caused by the rapid heat dissipation of the welding torch and the deposition layer due to the water environment, and reduce the forming quality of the deposition layer. At the same time, based on the inert gas drainage, an inert gas protection atmosphere can be formed, so that non-ferrous metals which are easy to oxidize can be additively manufactured in the underwater environment.

[0023] (3) The application controls the working temperature of the underwater welding torch by measuring and adjusting the variable frequency water pump flow in real time, which overcomes the problem of excessive softening of the deposited material, forming burrs, and even being thrown out of the deposition area caused by the excessive high temperature of the underwater welding torch, greatly improving the forming precision and performance of the underwater solid phase additive.

[0024] (4) The application uniformly cools the underwater welding torch by the internal welding torch water cooling device to remove the heat generated by the welding torch work, thereby avoiding the large temperature difference of the processing area caused by uneven local cooling, and improving the quality of the solid phase additive. At the same time, the external environment water is used for cooling, avoiding the use of refrigerant and compressor, reducing the refrigeration cost, and simplifying the cooling system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0025] Fig. 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the embodiment of the application.

[0026] Fig. 2 It is a schematic diagram of the working shell structure of the embodiment of the application.

[0027] Fig. 3 It is a schematic diagram of the partition sleeve structure of the embodiment of the application.

[0028] Wherein: 100 - underwater dry area mechanism; 101 - air inlet channel; 102 - center channel; 103 - air inlet pipe; 104 - top boss; 105 - temperature sensor; 106 - center bearing; 107 - center bearing seal; 108 - dry area mechanism body; 200 - shell; 202 - variable frequency water pump; 203 - water inlet pipe; 204 - water outlet pipe; 205 - one-way valve; 300 - underwater welding torch mechanism; 310 - center rod; 320 - working shell; 321 - rod channel; 322 - inner layer step; 323 - inner hole; 324 - outer layer channel; 325 - inner layer channel; 330 - plane bearing; 331 - plane bearing seal; 340 - partition sleeve; 341 - bottom through hole; 342 - cylindrical partition; 344 - top step; 345 - water outlet; 346 - water inlet; 347 - top dynamic seal; 350 - center sleeve; 400 - deposited layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] In order to deepen the understanding of the application, the following will be further described in combination with the drawings, and the embodiment is only used to explain the application and does not constitute a limitation on the protection scope of the application.

[0030] Figs. 1-3 An embodiment of an underwater solid phase additive manufacturing device is shown, which comprises an underwater dry area mechanism 100, a shell 200 and an underwater welding torch mechanism 300.

[0031] The underwater dry zone mechanism 100, the shell 200 and the underwater welding torch mechanism 300 are coaxial. The shell 200 is arranged above the underwater dry zone mechanism 100. The upper half of the underwater welding torch mechanism 300 is arranged inside the shell 200, and the lower half of the underwater welding torch mechanism 300 is arranged in the underwater dry zone mechanism 100. The underwater dry zone mechanism 100 can create a local dry zone in the underwater environment, and the underwater welding torch mechanism 300 can rotate at high speed around the coaxial underwater dry zone mechanism 100 and the shell 200, generate heat by friction to realize underwater solid phase additive manufacturing, and cool itself by using the water environment.

[0032] The underwater dry zone mechanism 100 includes a dry zone mechanism body 108, an air inlet pipe 103, a center bearing 106, a center bearing seal 107, a temperature sensor 105, an air inlet channel 101, a center channel 102 and a top boss 104. The underwater dry zone mechanism 100 can access high-pressure gas to create a local dry zone in the underwater environment, and can support the high-speed rotation of the underwater welding torch mechanism 300.

[0033] The air inlet channel 101 is a plurality of through holes arranged annularly along the axis of the center channel 102, and the air inlet pipe 103 is connected to the top of the air inlet channel 101. High-pressure inert gas passes through the air inlet pipe 103, the air inlet channel 101, enters the inside of the dry zone mechanism body 108, and then is sprayed out from the bottom of the dry zone mechanism body 108 to drain water, thereby creating a local dry zone in the underwater environment. In addition, the inert gas protection atmosphere can also prevent the oxidation of active metals in solid phase additive manufacturing.

[0034] The center bearing 106 is coaxially arranged with the center channel 102, and the outer ring of the center bearing 106 has the same diameter as the center channel 102. The underwater welding torch mechanism 300 is arranged inside the center bearing 106. The center bearing seal 107 is arranged below the center bearing 106. The underwater welding torch mechanism 300 rotates at high speed during operation, the inner ring of the center bearing 106 rotates synchronously with the underwater welding torch mechanism 300. The outer ring of the center bearing 106 is relatively static with the center channel 102. The center bearing seal 107 is a high-temperature-resistant annular dynamic seal, which can ensure the rotation of the underwater welding torch mechanism 300 under high working temperature, and the center bearing seal 107 is relatively static with the center channel 102.

[0035] The shell 200 is connected to the dry zone mechanism body 108 through the top boss 104, and the dry zone mechanism body 108 is relatively static with the shell 200.

[0036] The temperature sensor 105 is arranged inside the dry zone mechanism body 108, and the temperature sensor 105 can monitor and feedback the temperature of the bottom of the underwater welding torch mechanism 300 in real time.

[0037] The shell 200 includes a variable frequency water pump 202, an inlet pipe 203, an outlet pipe 204 and a one-way valve 205.

[0038] One end of the water inlet pipe 203 is connected to a cooling water source, and the other end is connected to a water inlet 346 of the underwater welding torch mechanism. One end of the water outlet pipe 204 is connected to a water outlet 345 of the underwater welding torch mechanism, and the other end is connected to an external water environment. The variable frequency water pump 202 is arranged on the water inlet pipe 203, and the one-way valve 205 is arranged on the water outlet pipe 204.

[0039] The variable frequency water pump 202 can pump cooling water from the external environment into the underwater welding torch mechanism 300 through the water inlet pipe 203. Then the water in the underwater welding torch mechanism 300 can be discharged to the external water environment through the water outlet pipe 204 and the one-way valve 205, thereby achieving heat dissipation of the underwater welding torch mechanism 300.

[0040] Preferably, the variable frequency water pump 202 can receive data from the temperature sensor 105, adjust the water outlet flow of the variable frequency water pump 202, and thereby control the temperature of the underwater welding torch mechanism 300 to be stable within the optimal working interval.

[0041] The underwater welding torch mechanism 300 includes a working shell 320, a plane bearing 330, a partition sleeve 340, a center sleeve 350, and a center rod 310. The working shell 320, the plane bearing 330, the partition sleeve 340, the center sleeve 350, and the center rod 310 are coaxially arranged. The working shell 320 can rotate at high speed along its own axis, thereby generating heat through friction at the contact surface between the bottom of the torch 300 and the deposited layer 400, heating and softening the center rod 310 to the plastic flow zone. The underwater welding torch mechanism 300 can also timely remove excess heat through internal water circulation to prevent the temperature of the underwater welding torch mechanism 300 from being too high.

[0042] The working shell 320 is internally provided with a rod passage 321 and an inner hole 323, and the connection between the inner hole 323 and the rod passage 321 forms an inner layer step 322. The plane bearing 330 is arranged on the inner layer step 322, and the outer diameter of the plane bearing 330 is slightly smaller than the diameter of the inner hole 323.

[0043] The inner diameter of the plane bearing 330 is the same as the outer diameter of the center sleeve 350, and the inner circle of the plane bearing 330 is relatively stationary with the center sleeve 350. The bottom of the center sleeve 350 is connected to the plane bearing 330. The plane bearing 330 and the inner hole 323 are sealed by a plane bearing seal 331. When the working shell 320 rotates, the plane bearing seal 331 moves relatively between the inner hole 323 and the plane bearing 330, and the plane bearing seal 331 is relatively stationary between the plane bearing 330.

[0044] The lower surface of the plane bearing 330 can rotate at high speed synchronously with the working shell 320, and the upper surface of the plane bearing 330 can remain stationary during the high-speed rotation of the working shell 320.

[0045] The center sleeve 350 is a long cylindrical sleeve with a through hole inside, and the inner diameter of the center sleeve 350 is the same as the inner diameter of the rod channel 321.

[0046] The partition sleeve 340 includes a cylindrical partition 342 and a top step 344 arranged on the upper end of the cylindrical partition 342. The bottom through hole 341 arranged at the bottom of the cylindrical partition 342 is a plurality of semicircular through holes arranged in a ring along the axis of the partition sleeve 340. The outer diameter of the cylindrical partition 342 is smaller than the diameter of the inner hole 323 of the working housing 320, and the inner diameter of the cylindrical partition 342 is larger than the diameter of the center sleeve 350. The bottom of the cylindrical partition 342 is arranged on the flat bearing 330. The outer diameter of the top step 344 is smaller than the diameter of the inner hole 323, and the top step 344 is sealed from the inner hole 323 by the top dynamic seal 347. The top dynamic seal 347 moves relative to the working housing 320, and the top dynamic seal 347 is relatively stationary with the top step 344.

[0047] The inner wall of the cylindrical partition 342 and the outer wall of the center sleeve 350 form an inner layer channel 325, the outer wall of the cylindrical partition 342 and the inner hole 323 form an outer layer channel 324, and the inner layer channel 325 and the outer layer channel 324 are communicated through the bottom through hole 341. The inner diameter of the top step 344 is the same as the outer diameter of the center sleeve 350, and the top step 344 is provided with a water inlet 346 and a water outlet 345, the water inlet 346 is communicated with the inner layer channel 325, and the water outlet 345 is communicated with the outer layer channel 324. Cooling water can enter the inner layer channel 325 through the water inlet 346, then flow downward to the bottom of the inner hole 323 under the action of gravity, and enter the outer layer channel 324 through the bottom through hole 341. The water in the outer layer channel 324 is discharged through the water outlet 345 to take away the heat of the underwater welding torch mechanism 300.

[0048] The center rod 310 can pass through the center sleeve 350 and the rod channel 321 to reach the machining area at the bottom of the working housing 320. The top forging force is applied to the upper end of the center rod 310, so that the center rod 310 can be fed downward to the machining area to realize additive manufacturing deposition.

[0049] The movement of the shell 200 is controlled by underwater motion control mechanisms such as underwater three-axis machine tools, underwater robots, etc.; based on the motion trajectory generated by three-dimensional modeling, combined with appropriate process parameters, after depositing a layer, the height is raised to continue depositing the next layer, so as to realize layer-by-layer additive manufacturing in underwater environment.

[0050] The purity of 99.99% argon is used as high-pressure inert gas, the high-pressure inert gas enters the inside of the underwater dry area mechanism 100 through the air inlet pipe 103 and the air inlet channel 101, and then is sprayed out from the bottom of the underwater dry area mechanism 100 to form a local dry area. The underwater welding torch mechanism 300 rotates at high speed and controls the underwater welding torch mechanism 300 to have a suitable working temperature based on water cooling. The center rod 310 adopts magnesium alloy rod which is easy to oxidize, and the magnesium alloy rod is applied with a top forging force, so as to realize the solid phase additive manufacturing technology in the underwater environment.

[0051] The purity of 99.99% nitrogen can also be used as high-pressure inert gas, the high-pressure inert gas enters the inside of the underwater dry area mechanism 100 through the air inlet pipe 104 and the air inlet channel 101, and then is sprayed out from the bottom of the underwater dry area mechanism 100 to form a local dry area. The underwater welding torch mechanism 300 rotates at high speed and controls the underwater welding torch mechanism 300 to have a suitable working temperature based on water cooling. The center rod 310 adopts 7075 aluminum alloy rod, and the 7075 aluminum alloy rod is applied with a top forging force, so as to realize the solid phase additive manufacturing technology in the underwater environment.

[0052] The rotation speed of the underwater welding torch mechanism 300 is 400-1000r / min, the scanning speed is 300-600mm / min, the diameter of the center rod 310 is 15-25mm, the feeding speed of the center rod 310 is 60-120mm / min, and the thickness of a single layer is 2-4mm.

[0053] The above specific embodiments are only for illustrating the technical concept and structural features of the present application, and the purpose is to enable the relevant persons skilled in the art to implement it, but the above content does not limit the protection scope of the present application, any equivalent changes or modifications made according to the spirit and essence of the present application should fall within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An underwater solid freeform fabrication device, characterized by: The underwater dry area mechanism (100), the shell (200) and the underwater welding torch mechanism (300) are coaxially arranged, the shell (200) is arranged above the underwater dry area mechanism (100), the upper end of the underwater welding torch mechanism (300) is arranged in the shell (200), and the lower end is arranged in the underwater dry area mechanism (100); the underwater welding torch mechanism (300) can rotate at high speed around its axis, and the underwater metal material solid-phase additive is realized by frictional heat generated by the bottom of the underwater welding torch mechanism (300) and the deposited layer (400); the underwater dry area mechanism (100) can access high-pressure gas to manufacture a local dry area in an underwater environment and support high-speed rotation of the underwater welding torch mechanism (300); The underwater welding torch mechanism (300) comprises a coaxially arranged center rod (310), a working shell (320), a plane bearing (330), a partition sleeve (340) and a center sleeve (350); an inner hole (323) and a rod channel (321) are arranged at the inner axis of the working shell (320); the connection part of the inner hole (323) and the rod channel (321) forms an inner layer step (322); the plane bearing (330) is arranged on the inner layer step (322); the partition sleeve (340) is arranged in the inner hole (323) and on the plane bearing (330); the center sleeve (350) is arranged in the partition sleeve (340); and the center rod (310) is arranged in the center sleeve (350) and the rod channel (321); The partition sleeve (340) comprises a cylindrical partition (342) and a top step (344) arranged at the upper end of the cylindrical partition (342); the top step (344) is provided with a water inlet (346) and a water outlet (345); the water inlet (346) is connected with the inner side of the cylindrical partition (342) and a welding torch water cooling device; the water outlet (345) is connected with the outer side of the cylindrical partition (342) and the welding torch water cooling device; the bottom of the cylindrical partition (342) is provided with a bottom through hole (341); cooling water can pass through the water inlet (346), the inner side of the cylindrical partition (342), the bottom through hole (341), the outer side of the cylindrical partition (342) and the water outlet (345) in sequence and return to the welding torch water cooling device; A top dynamic seal (347) is arranged between the top step (344) and the working shell (320); and a plane bearing seal (331) is arranged between the plane bearing (330) and the working shell (320); The inner ring diameter of the plane bearing (330) is the same as the outer diameter of the center sleeve (350); the inner ring of the plane bearing (330) and the center sleeve (350) are relatively stationary; and the bottom of the center sleeve (350) is connected with the plane bearing (330); The torch water cooling device is arranged in the shell (200) and comprises a water inlet pipe (203), a variable frequency water pump (202), a water outlet pipe (204) and a one-way valve (205). One end of the water inlet pipe (203) is connected with a cooling water source, and the other end is connected with a water inlet (346) of the underwater welding torch mechanism (300). One end of the water outlet pipe (204) is connected with a water outlet (345) of the underwater welding torch mechanism (300), and the other end is connected with an external water environment. The variable frequency water pump (202) is arranged on the water inlet pipe (203), and the one-way valve (205) is arranged on the water outlet pipe (204).

2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein: The underwater dry zone mechanism (100) comprises a dry zone mechanism body (108), an air inlet channel (101), a central channel (102) and an air inlet pipe (103). The air inlet channel (101) is arranged through the dry zone mechanism body (108) and is connected with the air inlet pipe (103) at the upper end and connected with a local dry zone below the dry zone mechanism body (108) at the lower end. The central channel (102) is arranged through the shaft center of the dry zone mechanism body (108), and the underwater welding torch mechanism (300) is coaxially connected in the central channel.

3. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein: The upper end of the dry zone mechanism body (108) is provided with a top boss (104), and the shell (200) is connected with the dry zone mechanism body (108) through the top boss (104).

4. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein: The air inlet channel (101) is annularly distributed with the center of the dry zone mechanism body (108) as the shaft center.

5. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein: A central bearing (106) is connected between the working shell (320) and the dry zone mechanism body (108), and the lower end of the central bearing (106) is provided with a central bearing seal (107).

6. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein: The lower end of the dry zone mechanism body (108) is provided with a temperature sensor (105), which can monitor and feed back the temperature at the bottom of the underwater welding torch mechanism (300) to the variable frequency water pump (202) in real time.

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