A lubricant for drawing titanium and titanium alloy wire at room temperature and its preparation method

Abstract

The present invention relates to a lubricant for the room-temperature drawing of titanium and titanium alloy wires and a preparation method thereof. The lubricant comprises, by mass percentage, 10-25% hexagonal boron nitride; 5-20% acrylic resin; 1-6% polysilsesquioxane; 9-20% polyethylene glycol; and the balance vaseline. The lubricant exhibits enhanced adhesion to titanium surfaces, improving the drawing speed of titanium and titanium alloys at room temperature and increasing the production efficiency of drawn products. It can be used to draw titanium and titanium alloy wires with diameters less than 100 microns.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of room-temperature drawing lubricants, and particularly relates to a room-temperature drawing lubricant for titanium and titanium alloy wires and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Titanium and its alloys possess high deformation resistance and low plasticity, and this resistance increases with increasing deformation speed. During the drawing process, the friction coefficient between the wire and the drawing die is high. The adhesive friction between the wire and the die generates significant heat, deteriorating lubrication conditions, significantly reducing wire surface quality and increasing wire breakage. Therefore, the lubricant is a key factor affecting the quality of titanium and titanium alloy wire.

[0003] Currently, the drawing of titanium and titanium alloy wires is primarily performed cold, placing high demands on room-temperature drawing lubricants. During the metal drawing process, lubricants must not only be environmentally friendly and cost-effective, but also ensure strong adhesion to prevent sparks from friction during the drawing process. Existing lubricants can be broadly divided into two types based on their application method: those that physically adhere to the metal surface, and those that chemically form a carrier film on the metal surface before attaching the lubricant. The former can be applied to the metal surface by dipping or coating, making it simple and convenient to use. Examples include solid lubricants such as graphite powder and molybdenum disulfide. However, physically attached lubricants exhibit weak adhesion and are prone to falling off, which degrades lubrication conditions and can easily cause problems such as sticking and wire breakage, interrupting the drawing process and preventing the drawing of wires thinner than 100 microns. Solid lubricants such as graphite powder and molybdenum disulfide, or semi-fluid lubricants, require time to dry and form a film before they can be used for drawing or stretching.

[0004] On the other hand, solid lubricants such as molybdenum disulfide, tungsten disulfide, and graphite have a black appearance, which poses a significant problem of contamination in their working environment. Therefore, solid lubricants with a non-black appearance and excellent lubricity are in demand.

[0005] Chemical lubricants form a film on the metal surface through a chemical reaction, acting as a carrier. These films offer excellent heat resistance and adhesion, making them widely used in plastic processing applications such as wire drawing, tube drawing, and forging. However, chemical lubricants are complex and costly to produce, and require multiple treatments, including water or pickling, which also generate significant amounts of wastewater.

[0006] Therefore, it is necessary to develop a new lubricant to reduce the heat generated during the metal drawing process, extend the service life of the die, increase the drawing speed, improve production efficiency, and improve the surface quality of the drawn material.

[0007] Boron nitride nanosheets (h-BNNSs) have a layered structure similar to graphite and exhibit excellent biocompatibility, mechanical strength, high-temperature oxidation resistance, and chemical stability. They are yellowish-white or white in appearance. Due to the strong interlayer bonding, their coefficient of friction is higher than that of similarly structured materials such as molybdenum disulfide and graphite. However, they are difficult to disperse stably in lubricating media for long periods of time to act as additives. Summary of the Invention

[0008] In response to the existing technical problems, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a titanium and titanium alloy wire drawing lubricant that can be used at room temperature, which enhances the adhesion of the lubricant to the surface of titanium metal, improves the drawing speed of titanium metal and titanium alloy under room temperature conditions, and improves the production efficiency of drawn products. It can be used to draw titanium metal and titanium alloy wire with a diameter of less than 100 microns.

[0009] To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a lubricant for drawing titanium and titanium alloy wire at room temperature, comprising the following components in mass fractions:

[0010]

[0011] Preferably, the nano hexagonal boron nitride has a particle size of 20 to 200 nm and a flake-like morphology. The particle size range of 20 to 200 nm is conducive to forming a uniform covering layer.

[0012] Preferably, the acrylic resin is an alcohol-soluble thermoplastic acrylic resin, which functions as a film-forming resin and is smooth and not easy to fall off after coating. Specifically, the molecular weight of the alcohol-soluble thermoplastic acrylic resin is 30,000 to 50,000, and the melting point is 60 to 80°C as determined by gel permeation chromatography. The alcohol-soluble thermoplastic acrylic resin includes at least one of the following acrylic monomers: methyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, ethyl acrylate, ethyl methacrylate, isopropyl methacrylate, n-butyl acrylate, n-butyl methacrylate, 2-ethylhexyl methacrylate, octyl acrylate, and other (meth)acrylic acid C1 to C8 alkyl esters; methoxymethyl acrylate, methoxyethyl acrylate, ethoxymethyl acrylate, ethoxyethyl acrylate, methoxymethyl methacrylate, methoxyethyl methacrylate, ethoxymethyl methacrylate, ethoxyethyl methacrylate, and 2-hydroxyethyl (meth)acrylate.

[0013] Preferably, the polysilsesquioxane is in the form of micron spheres with a diameter of 1 to 5 microns, which is beneficial for uniform dispersion and reducing friction during drawing.

[0014] Preferably, the average molecular weight of polyethylene glycol is 2000.

[0015] The present invention also provides a method for preparing a room-temperature drawing lubricant for titanium and titanium alloy wires, comprising the following steps: first, heating vaseline to 80-90°C to form a liquid; then, adding polyethylene glycol, nano hexagonal boron nitride, acrylic resin, and polysilsesquioxane in proportion, stirring evenly, keeping the temperature within the range of 80-90°C for 10 minutes, and then cooling to room temperature to obtain a viscous paste lubricant.

[0016] The lubricant prepared by the present invention has no pH value requirements and does not experience gelation or stratification. The obtained lubricant can be stored stably for three years at room temperature.

[0017] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0018] (1) The lubricant provided in the present invention, under the combined action of a certain ratio of each component, enhances the adhesion of the lubricant to the surface of metal titanium, improves the metal titanium drawing speed under certain conditions, and improves the production efficiency of the drawn product. It can be used to draw metal titanium and titanium alloy wires with a diameter of less than 100 microns.

[0019] (2) The lubricant provided in the present invention can effectively protect the die used for drawing and extend the service life of the die.

[0020] (3) The lubricant of the present invention can be used without drying, and the preparation process is simple and convenient without generating waste liquid. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 This is a surface topography image of a titanium wire drawn in Example 1, with a diameter of 300 μm;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a surface topography image of a titanium wire drawn in Example 1, with a diameter of 100 μm;

[0023] Figure 3 This is the surface morphology of the titanium wire after drawing in Example 1, with a diameter of 50 microns. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are only for illustrative purposes and do not limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] The invention relates to a room-temperature drawing lubricant for titanium and titanium alloy wires, comprising the following components by mass fraction: 10-25% of nano hexagonal boron nitride, 5-15% of acrylic resin, 1-6% of polysilsesquioxane, 15-20% of polyethylene glycol, and the balance being vaseline.

[0026] The nano hexagonal boron nitride has a particle size of 20 to 200 nm and a flake shape.

[0027] The acrylic resin is an alcohol-soluble thermoplastic acrylic resin.

[0028] The polysilsesquioxane is a spherical structure with a diameter of 1 to 5 microns.

[0029] The average molecular weight of the polyethylene glycol is 2000.

[0030] The components of the formula of the present invention do not undergo chemical reactions, and frictional heat generation during the drawing process does not change the properties of the components, thereby having the characteristic of high stability.

[0031] Nano hexagonal boron nitride is often used as a lubricant in metal drawing. The present invention utilizes flake boron nitride with a particle size of 20 to 200 nm for enhanced lubrication. A boron nitride mass fraction of 10 to 25% is particularly beneficial for drawing titanium and titanium alloy wires. Pure titanium wire is susceptible to surface oxidation and breakage during the drawing process, requiring a higher amount of nano hexagonal boron nitride, such as 20%. Less active titanium alloys can use a lower amount of nano hexagonal boron nitride, such as 15%.

[0032] Acrylic resin is usually used as a coating glue and adhesive. Ordinary acrylic resin is corrosive. The selected alcohol-soluble thermoplastic acrylic resin is environmentally friendly and non-irritating. An alcohol-soluble thermoplastic acrylic resin with a mass fraction of 5 to 20% is added. The lubricant is coated on the drawn titanium and titanium alloy wires. The lubricant has high bonding strength, and the boron nitride powder is not easy to fall off during the drawing process.

[0033] Polysilsesquioxane is suitable for the base material of high-temperature resistant coatings and has good spreadability. Spherical polysilsesquioxane with a diameter of 1 to 5 microns. During the drawing process, adding a small amount of spherical polysilsesquioxane with a mass fraction of 1 to 6% will reduce the unevenness of the lubricant during the drawing and diameter reduction process.

[0034] Polyethylene glycol is a high molecular weight polymer with good compatibility with many organic components. It has excellent lubricity, moisture retention, dispersibility, and adhesion. Adding 15-20% by mass of polyethylene glycol 2000 facilitates uniform mixing of the components during the stirring process and increases the adhesion between the lubricant and the filament.

[0035] The present invention uses vaseline as a base, which is non-hydrophilic and acts as a lubricant and waterproofing agent. This protects the stability of the added components in humid environments, extending the lubricant's service life. It also reduces temperature rise during the drawing process. Vaseline has strong chemical stability, and using vaseline as a formulation carrier can improve the lubricant's long-term stability, resulting in a service life of over three years at room temperature.

[0036] The effect on titanium alloy drawing is shown in the following specific examples.

[0037] Example 1

[0038] (1) First, heat 50% vaseline to 80-90°C until it becomes liquid. Then, add 10% polyethylene glycol 2000, 20% flake nano hexagonal boron nitride, 15% acrylic resin, and 5% polysilsesquioxane. Stir evenly, keep warm for 10 minutes, and then cool to room temperature. The acrylic resin has a melting point of 75°C and a molecular weight of 30,000. The nano hexagonal boron nitride has a particle size of 20-200 nm, and the polysilsesquioxane has a diameter of 1-5 μm.

[0039] (2) The prepared lubricant was applied to a TA0 pure titanium wire with a diameter of 1 mm, and the wire was drawn at a drawing speed of 300 mm / min. Multiple continuous drawing passes were performed, Φ1→Φ0.8→Φ0.71→Φ0.6→Φ0.52→Φ0.43→Φ0.35→Φ0.28→Φ0.22→Φ0.17→Φ0.13→Φ0.1→Φ0.08→Φ0.06→Φ0.05 (mm).

[0040] (3) The surface of the titanium wire obtained by drawing is silvery white, with no drawing scratches or broken wires. The surface morphology of the titanium wire was observed by SEM during the multi-pass drawing. Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the diameters are 300 microns, 100 microns, and 50 microns respectively.

[0041] Example 2

[0042] (1) First, heat 60% vaseline to 80-90°C until it becomes liquid. Then, add 10% polyethylene glycol 2000, 15% nano hexagonal boron nitride, 10% acrylic resin, and 5% polysilsesquioxane. Stir evenly, keep warm for 10 minutes, and then cool to room temperature. The acrylic resin has a melting point of 75°C and a molecular weight of 30,000. The nano hexagonal boron nitride has a particle size of 20-200 nm, and the polysilsesquioxane has a diameter of 1-5 μm.

[0043] (2) The prepared lubricant was applied to a TC4 titanium alloy wire with a diameter of 1 mm, and the wire was drawn at a drawing speed of 500 mm / min. Multiple continuous drawing passes were performed, Φ1→Φ0.8→Φ0.71→Φ0.6→Φ0.52→Φ0.43→Φ0.35→Φ0.28→Φ0.22→Φ0.17→Φ0.13→Φ0.1→Φ0.08→Φ0.06→Φ0.05→Φ0.04 (mm).

[0044] (3) The surface of the titanium wire obtained by drawing is silvery white, with no drawing scratches or broken wires.

[0045] Example 3

[0046] (1) First, heat 50% vaseline to 80-90°C until it becomes liquid. Then, add 11% polyethylene glycol 2000, 15% nano hexagonal boron nitride, 18% acrylic resin, and 6% polysilsesquioxane. Stir evenly, keep warm for 10 minutes, and then cool to room temperature. The acrylic resin has a melting point of 75°C and a molecular weight of 30,000. The nano hexagonal boron nitride has a particle size of 20-200 nm, and the polysilsesquioxane has a diameter of 1-5 μm.

[0047] (2) The prepared lubricant was applied to a TA23 titanium alloy wire with a diameter of 1 mm, and the wire was drawn at a drawing speed of 200 mm / min. Multiple continuous drawing passes were performed, Φ1→Φ0.8→Φ0.71→Φ0.6→Φ0.52→Φ0.43→Φ0.35→Φ0.28→Φ0.22→Φ0.17→Φ0.13→Φ0.1→Φ0.08→Φ0.06 (mm).

[0048] (3) The surface of the titanium wire obtained by drawing is silvery white, with no drawing scratches or broken wires.

[0049] As can be seen from the various embodiments, the lubricant of the present invention can be used to form a protective film with excellent lubricity during plastic working of titanium and titanium alloy materials with a simple process, without generating waste and in an excellent working environment.

[0050] The above description shows and describes several preferred embodiments of the present invention. The specification of the present invention lists the optional ranges of various components and processes. Modifications and changes made by those skilled in the art do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention and should be within the scope of protection of the claims attached to the present invention.

Claims

1. A titanium and titanium alloy wire room temperature drawing lubricant for drawing titanium and titanium alloy wires with a diameter of less than 100 microns at room temperature, characterized in that: The lubricant is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass: Nano hexagonal boron nitride 10-25%, acrylic resin 5-20%, polysilsesquioxane 1-6%, polyethylene glycol 9-20%, and vaseline as the balance; The total content of the raw materials is 100%; wherein the nano hexagonal boron nitride is a sheet of hexagonal boron nitride having a particle size of 20 to 200nm; The lubricant is prepared by the following steps: After weighing the raw materials according to the mass ratio, the vaseline was heated to 80-90°C to make it liquid; then polyethylene glycol, nano hexagonal boron nitride, acrylic resin, and polysilsesquioxane were added, stirred evenly, kept warm for 10 minutes, and cooled to room temperature; When in use, the lubricant is applied to the titanium wire / titanium alloy wire without drying, and the titanium and titanium alloy wire with a diameter less than 100 microns is drawn at room temperature.

2. The use of the titanium and titanium alloy wire room temperature drawing lubricant as claimed in claim 1 for drawing titanium and titanium alloy wires with a diameter of less than 100 microns at room temperature, characterized in that: The invention is prepared from the following raw materials in the following mass percentages: 20% nano hexagonal boron nitride, 10% acrylic resin, 5% polysilsesquioxane, 15% polyethylene glycol and 50% vaseline.

3. The use of the titanium and titanium alloy wire room temperature drawing lubricant as claimed in claim 1 for drawing titanium and titanium alloy wires with a diameter of less than 100 microns at room temperature, characterized in that: Polysilsesquioxane is micron-spherical with a diameter of 1 to 5 microns.

4. The use of the titanium and titanium alloy wire room temperature drawing lubricant as claimed in claim 1 for drawing titanium and titanium alloy wires with a diameter of less than 100 microns at room temperature, characterized in that: Acrylic resin is an alcohol-soluble thermoplastic acrylic resin.

5. The use of the titanium and titanium alloy wire room temperature drawing lubricant as claimed in claim 4 for drawing titanium and titanium alloy wires with a diameter of less than 100 μm at room temperature, characterized in that: The alcohol-soluble thermoplastic acrylic resin has a molecular weight of 30,000 to 50,000 and a melting point of 60 to 80°C.

6. The use of the titanium and titanium alloy wire room temperature drawing lubricant as claimed in claim 1 for drawing titanium and titanium alloy wires with a diameter of less than 100 μm at room temperature, characterized in that: The average molecular weight of polyethylene glycol is 2000.

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