Crane test detection device and test detection method

Abstract

The application discloses a crane test detection equipment and a test detection method, and ingeniously discloses a vibration generating device. When the rotational speed of an eccentric part is adjusted, the sliding assembly slidingly connected in the device is displaced, thereby directly changing the gravity center distribution of the eccentric part. When the rotational speed of the driving motor is slightly adjusted within a certain range, the amplitude generated by the device can be better amplified or reduced. The device can be applied to assist the crane test detection equipment. The regular vibration generated by the device can amplify the abnormal vibration of the crane equipment, so that the purpose of assisting in troubleshooting the crane fault is achieved. The device is reliable in implementation, convenient to operate, and can help highlight the abnormal vibration of the crane during operation, especially for the situation that some internal parts are loose. With the help of the vibration generating device, the vibration amplitude of the loose parts can be improved, so that the loose parts can be conveniently detected in the vibration detection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of crane fault detection technology, and in particular to crane testing and detection equipment and methods. Background Technology

[0002] Gantry cranes are widely used in docks, warehouses, workshops, and other locations due to their high efficiency and convenience in handling large volumes and high-quality materials. However, due to the unique nature of their operation and structure, gantry cranes often vibrate during startup and operation. Therefore, many researchers analyze gantry crane vibration data to identify abnormal conditions in components. However, relying on vibration data for anomaly monitoring often requires the abnormal vibrations of the crane components to reach a certain level of intensity for reliable detection. Otherwise, the presence of significant noise in the vibration data makes it difficult to accurately locate the abnormal vibrations. Therefore, improving the reliability of crane vibration data acquisition and highlighting abnormal vibrations for fault diagnosis are highly relevant and practically significant issues. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of this, the purpose of this invention is to provide a crane testing and inspection device and method that is reliable in implementation, convenient in operation, and can help highlight abnormal vibrations during crane operation.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned technical objectives, the technical solution adopted by this invention is as follows:

[0005] A vibration generating device, comprising:

[0006] The base is a plate-like structure;

[0007] The support plates are a pair and are arranged opposite to each other on one end face of the base;

[0008] A rotating shaft, one end of which passes through a pair of support plates in sequence and is rotatably connected to the pair of support plates via rotating connectors;

[0009] Eccentric components, consisting of one or more, are eccentrically fixedly connected to the rotating shaft;

[0010] The drive motor has its drive end connected to the other end of the rotating shaft through a reducer and a coupling. The drive motor drives the rotating shaft to rotate, causing the eccentric part to rotate and making the device vibrate.

[0011] The main body of the drive motor is fixedly connected to the base via a first bracket; the main body of the reducer is fixedly connected to the base via a second bracket.

[0012] As one possible implementation, the base described in this solution is further provided with a plurality of mounting through holes penetrating its upper and lower end faces, the mounting through holes being used to mount and fix the base to the mounting attachment object.

[0013] As one possible implementation, the rotating connector is a bearing, the outer ring of the bearing is fixedly connected to the support plate, the inner ring of the bearing is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft, and the support plate is provided with mounting holes corresponding to the bearing.

[0014] As one possible implementation, the drive motor is further described as a servo motor.

[0015] As a preferred implementation option, when the eccentric component described in this solution is a single component, it is eccentrically fixedly connected to the axial center of the shaft between a pair of support plates.

[0016] When there is more than one eccentric component, they are eccentrically fixedly connected at equal intervals on the rotating shaft between a pair of support plates and are arranged symmetrically.

[0017] As a preferred implementation option, the eccentric component of this solution is provided with a fixed through hole on one side for fixed connection with the rotating shaft, and a columnar sliding cavity on the other side of the eccentric component. The sliding cavity extends away from the fixed through hole and forms an opening; a sliding component for adjusting the center of gravity position of the eccentric component is connected inside the sliding cavity.

[0018] As a preferred implementation option, the sliding assembly of this solution preferably includes a slider, a spring, and a plug. The slider is a columnar structure adapted to the structure of the sliding cavity and is slidably connected within the sliding cavity. The end of the slider facing the opening has a first recess, and the slider has multiple vent holes penetrating both ends. The plug has a structure adapted to the opening and is welded and fixed to the opening, encapsulating the spring and slider within the sliding cavity. The end face of the plug facing the slider has a second recess. The spring is disposed between the plug and the slider, with its two ends abutting against the first and second recesses, respectively. The slider and the spring have a first engagement state and a second engagement state. In the first engagement state, the spring pushes the slider, causing the slider to abut against the end of the sliding cavity away from the plug. In the second engagement state, the eccentric component rotates around the axis, and the slider is compressed by centrifugal force, causing it to slide towards the plug. When the spring is compressed to its limit, or the slider abuts against the plug, or the centrifugal force on the slider is balanced by the elastic force generated by the spring compression, the slider stops sliding.

[0019] Based on the above, the present invention also provides a crane testing and inspection device, wherein the crane is a gantry crane, and includes one or more vibration generating devices as described above. The vibration generating devices are installed on the load-bearing translation trolley, gantry frame and / or translation drive mechanism connected to the lower end of the gantry frame of the gantry crane, and are used to excite or amplify the working vibration of the load-bearing translation trolley, gantry frame and / or translation drive mechanism connected to the lower end of the gantry frame.

[0020] Based on the above, the present invention also provides a gantry crane testing and inspection method, which includes the crane testing and inspection equipment described above, and the gantry crane testing and inspection method includes:

[0021] S01, Gantry crane;

[0022] S02. In response to the start signal of the gantry crane, monitor and record vibration data of the load-bearing translation trolley, gantry frame and / or translation drive mechanism connected to the lower end of the gantry frame of the gantry crane;

[0023] S03. Start the vibration generating device installed on the load-bearing translation trolley, gantry frame and / or the translation drive mechanism connected to the lower end of the gantry frame of the gantry crane, so that the servo motor of the vibration generating device drives the rotating shaft to rotate at a preset speed, so that the vibration generating device can excite or amplify the vibration of the load-bearing translation trolley, gantry frame and / or the translation drive mechanism connected to the lower end of the gantry frame of the gantry crane.

[0024] S04. Based on the recorded vibration data, conduct anomaly checks on the load-bearing translation trolley, gantry frame, and / or the translation drive mechanism connected to the lower end of the gantry frame of the gantry crane.

[0025] As a preferred implementation option, S03 of this solution further includes: adjusting the speed of the servo motor of the vibration generator within a preset speed range and keeping it rotating at a constant speed for a preset time.

[0026] As a preferred implementation option, preferably, in this scheme S04, the recorded vibration data includes vibration data when the vibration generating device is not involved and vibration data after the vibration generating device is involved, each with corresponding marking information.

[0027] Based on the above, the present invention also provides a crane testing and inspection system, comprising:

[0028] Signal sensing unit, used to sense the start signal of gantry crane;

[0029] The vibration monitoring unit is used to monitor and record vibration data of the load-bearing translation trolley, gantry frame and / or translation drive mechanism connected to the lower end of the gantry frame of the gantry crane;

[0030] The vibration intervention unit, which is the aforementioned vibration generating device, comprises multiple units and is installed on the load-bearing translation trolley, gantry frame, and / or the translation drive mechanism connected to the lower end of the gantry frame of the gantry crane. It is used to excite or amplify the working vibration of the load-bearing translation trolley, gantry frame, and / or the translation drive mechanism connected to the lower end of the gantry frame.

[0031] The data processing unit is used to troubleshoot anomalies in the load-bearing translation trolley, gantry frame, and / or the translation drive mechanism connected to the lower end of the gantry frame of the gantry crane based on the vibration data recorded by the vibration monitoring unit.

[0032] By adopting the above technical solution, the present invention has the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art: The present invention ingeniously discloses a vibration generating device. When the rotational speed of the eccentric component is adjusted, the sliding component of its internal sliding connection is displaced, thereby directly changing the center of gravity distribution of the eccentric component. This allows the device to generate a vibration amplitude that can be amplified or reduced effectively when the rotational speed of the drive motor is slightly adjusted within a certain range. It can be used as an auxiliary testing and inspection device for cranes. By generating regular vibrations through this device, the abnormal vibrations of the crane can be amplified, thereby assisting in the troubleshooting of crane faults. The present invention is reliable, easy to operate, and can help highlight abnormal vibrations during crane operation. In particular, for cases where some internal parts are loose, the vibration amplitude of the loose parts can be increased with the help of the vibration generating device, making them easier to detect during vibration testing. Attached Figure Description

[0033] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0034] Figure 1 This is a simplified schematic diagram of the vibration generating device in the present invention.

[0035] Figure 2 This is a simplified cross-sectional view of the eccentric component of the vibration generating device in the present invention when the rotating shaft is not rotating;

[0036] Figure 3 This is one of the simplified cross-sectional structural diagrams of the eccentric component of the vibration generating device in the present invention when the shaft rotates;

[0037] Figure 4 This is the second simplified cross-sectional schematic diagram of the eccentric component of the vibration generating device in the present invention when the shaft rotates;

[0038] Figure 5 This is a simplified schematic diagram of the slider of the vibration generating device in the present invention.

[0039] Figure 6 This is a simplified schematic diagram of the detection method of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0040] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be particularly noted that the following embodiments are for illustrative purposes only and do not limit the scope of the invention. Similarly, the following embodiments are only some, not all, embodiments of the present invention, and all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0041] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown in one embodiment, this solution provides a vibration generating device, which includes:

[0042] Base 1 is a plate-like structure;

[0043] Support plates 2 are a pair and are disposed opposite to each other on one end face of the base 1;

[0044] A rotating shaft 3, one end of which passes through a pair of support plates 2 in sequence and is rotatably connected to the pair of support plates 2 via a rotating connector 31;

[0045] Eccentric component 4, which is one or more and is eccentrically fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 3;

[0046] The drive motor 5 is connected to the other end of the rotating shaft 3 via a reducer 6 and a coupling 7. The drive motor 5 drives the rotating shaft 3 to rotate, causing the eccentric part 4 to rotate as well, thus causing the device to vibrate.

[0047] The main body of the drive motor 5 is fixedly connected to the base 1 via the first bracket 51; the main body of the reducer 6 is fixedly connected to the base 1 via the second bracket 61.

[0048] To facilitate installation, the base 1 described in this solution is provided with multiple mounting through holes 11 penetrating its upper and lower end faces. The mounting through holes 11 are used to install and fix the base 1 onto the object to be attached.

[0049] In this design, the rotating connector 31 is a bearing. The outer ring of the bearing is fixedly connected to the support plate 2, and its inner ring is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 3. The support plate 2 has mounting holes corresponding to the bearing.

[0050] To improve the reliability of the vibration frequency, the drive motor 5 in this solution is a servo motor. By using a servo motor, the speed of the drive motor 5 can be effectively controlled, thereby indirectly adjusting the vibration frequency of the device. As for the amplitude, since the amplitude of the device mainly depends on the force formed by the eccentric component 4, when the eccentric component 4 rotates, the center of gravity of the entire device changes in a certain regular manner, thus causing the device to vibrate. As a preferred implementation option, preferably, when there is one eccentric component 4 in this solution, it is eccentrically fixedly connected to the center of the shaft between a pair of support plates 2. In this embodiment, when there is more than one eccentric component 4 (specifically three in the illustration), they are eccentrically fixedly connected to the shaft between a pair of support plates 2 at equal intervals and are arranged symmetrically.

[0051] Since the change in the center of gravity of the eccentric component 4 is one of the main factors causing vibration in the device, and in traditional solutions, the main means of changing the amplitude of the device (eccentric vibration device) is to change the rotational speed of its driving component (i.e., the rotational speed of the shaft) or the mass of the eccentric rotating component, thereby generating a greater force to drive the amplitude to expand. Of these two methods, one places high demands on the speed and other performance requirements of the drive motor 5, while the other method results in a larger device size, indirectly leading to higher performance requirements for the drive motor 5. In addition, it is extremely difficult to significantly adjust the amplitude of the device by slightly adjusting the speed of the drive motor, and there are few documents that disclose this. Therefore, as a preferred implementation option, preferably, the eccentric component 4 in this solution has a fixed through hole 41 on one side that is fixedly connected to the shaft 2, and a columnar sliding cavity 42 on the other side of the eccentric component 4. The sliding cavity 42 extends in a direction away from the fixed through hole 41 and forms An opening; a sliding assembly for adjusting the center of gravity of the eccentric component 4 is connected inside the sliding cavity 42; as a preferred implementation, the sliding assembly in this solution includes a slider 43, a spring 45, and a plug 44. The slider 43 is a columnar structure adapted to the structure of the sliding cavity 42 and is slidably connected inside the sliding cavity 42. The end of the slider 43 facing the opening has a first recess 431, and the slider 43 has multiple vent holes 432 penetrating its two end faces; the structure of the plug 44 is adapted to the opening and welded to the opening, encapsulating the spring 45 and the slider 43 inside the sliding cavity 42. The end face of the plug 44 facing the slider has a second recess 441. The spring 45 is disposed between the plug 44 and the slider 43, and the two ends of the spring 45 abut against the first recess 431 and the second recess 441 respectively. The slider 43 and the spring 45 have a first engagement state and a second engagement state. In the first engagement state (i.e. Figure 2 As shown), the spring 45 pushes the slider 43, causing the slider 43 to abut against the end of the sliding cavity 42 away from the plug 44, in the second engagement state (i.e. Figure 3 or Figure 4As shown, the eccentric component 4 rotates around the rotating shaft 2, and the slider 43 is compressed by the centrifugal force and slides in the direction close to the plug 44. When the spring 45 is compressed to the limit, or the slider 43 abuts against the plug 44, or the centrifugal force on the slider 43 is balanced with the elastic force generated by the compression of the spring 45, the slider 43 stops sliding.

[0052] Based on the vibration generating device mentioned in the above embodiments, it can be used as a vibration excitation or amplification device during crane testing and applied to crane testing equipment. As an example, the crane testing equipment mentioned in this embodiment targets a gantry crane, which includes one or more of the aforementioned vibration generating devices. The vibration generating devices are installed on the load-bearing translation trolley, gantry frame, and / or the translation drive mechanism connected to the lower end of the gantry frame of the gantry crane, and are used to excite or amplify the working vibration of the load-bearing translation trolley, gantry frame, and / or the translation drive mechanism connected to the lower end of the gantry frame.

[0053] In this scheme, the vibration generating device can adjust the vibration frequency of the device by adjusting the speed of the drive motor. When the rotating shaft drives the eccentric component to rotate, the slider and spring of the sliding component inside the eccentric component will change their cooperation due to the centrifugal force on the slider, which directly changes the center of gravity of the eccentric component. Therefore, the device can achieve rapid synchronous adjustment in frequency and amplitude. In particular, the amplitude change is non-linear. However, when the speed of the drive motor is adjusted and the slider is still stationary, the amplitude adjustment may show a linear relationship.

[0054] Based on the characteristics of the vibration generator in this solution, it can be installed in a gantry crane to generate vibration. Then, the speed of the drive motor can be adjusted to excite the corresponding detection components of the gantry crane (when the frequencies are the same, the amplitudes are superimposed), thereby amplifying the abnormal vibration signal. This facilitates the location and diagnosis of faults. In particular, abnormal noises caused by loose parts can be quickly diagnosed under the excitation of this solution's device.

[0055] Combination Figure 6 As shown, based on the above, this embodiment also provides a gantry crane testing and inspection method, which includes the crane testing and inspection equipment described above, and the gantry crane testing and inspection method includes:

[0056] S01, Gantry crane;

[0057] S02. In response to the start signal of the gantry crane, monitor and record vibration data of the load-bearing translation trolley, gantry frame and / or translation drive mechanism connected to the lower end of the gantry frame of the gantry crane;

[0058] S03. Start the vibration generating device installed on the load-bearing translation trolley, gantry frame and / or the translation drive mechanism connected to the lower end of the gantry frame of the gantry crane, so that the servo motor of the vibration generating device drives the rotating shaft to rotate at a preset speed, so that the vibration generating device can excite or amplify the vibration of the load-bearing translation trolley, gantry frame and / or the translation drive mechanism connected to the lower end of the gantry frame of the gantry crane.

[0059] S04. Based on the recorded vibration data, conduct anomaly checks on the load-bearing translation trolley, gantry frame, and / or the translation drive mechanism connected to the lower end of the gantry frame of the gantry crane.

[0060] S03 of this solution also includes: within a preset speed range, adjusting the speed of the servo motor of the vibration generator and keeping it rotating at a constant speed for a preset time.

[0061] In addition, in S04 of this scheme, the recorded vibration data includes vibration data when the vibration generating device is not involved and vibration data after the vibration generating device is involved, each with corresponding marking information.

[0062] Since fault diagnosis based on vibration signals is already quite common, this embodiment mainly proposes to introduce a vibration generator to amplify abnormal vibrations, thereby improving the efficiency and reliability of their location and identification. Therefore, how to assess the vibration waveform for fault diagnosis will not be elaborated here.

[0063] Based on the above, the present invention also provides a crane testing and inspection system, comprising:

[0064] Signal sensing unit, used to sense the start signal of gantry crane;

[0065] The vibration monitoring unit is used to monitor and record vibration data of the load-bearing translation trolley, gantry frame and / or translation drive mechanism connected to the lower end of the gantry frame of the gantry crane;

[0066] The vibration intervention unit, which is the aforementioned vibration generating device, comprises multiple units and is installed on the load-bearing translation trolley, gantry frame, and / or the translation drive mechanism connected to the lower end of the gantry frame of the gantry crane. It is used to excite or amplify the working vibration of the load-bearing translation trolley, gantry frame, and / or the translation drive mechanism connected to the lower end of the gantry frame.

[0067] The data processing unit is used to troubleshoot anomalies in the load-bearing translation trolley, gantry frame, and / or the translation drive mechanism connected to the lower end of the gantry frame of the gantry crane based on the vibration data recorded by the vibration monitoring unit.

[0068] Furthermore, the functional units in the various embodiments of the present invention can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be implemented in hardware or as a software functional unit.

[0069] If the integrated unit is implemented as a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this invention, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) or processor to execute all or part of the steps of the methods of various embodiments of this invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0070] The above description is only a part of the embodiments of the present invention and does not limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any equivalent device or equivalent process transformation made based on the content of the present invention specification and drawings, or direct or indirect application in other related technical fields, are similarly included within the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method of testing a portal crane, characterized in that Its application includes crane testing and inspection equipment, which includes one or more vibration generating devices. These vibration generating devices are installed on the load-bearing trolley, gantry frame, and / or the translation drive mechanism connected to the lower end of the gantry frame of a gantry crane, and are used to excite or amplify the working vibration of the load-bearing trolley, gantry frame, and / or the translation drive mechanism connected to the lower end of the gantry frame; the vibration generating device includes: The base is a plate-like structure; The support plates are a pair and are arranged opposite to each other on one end face of the base; A rotating shaft, one end of which passes through a pair of support plates in sequence and is rotatably connected to the pair of support plates via rotating connectors; Eccentric components, consisting of one or more, are eccentrically fixedly connected to the rotating shaft; The drive motor, which is a servo motor, has its drive end connected to the other end of the rotating shaft via a reducer and a coupling. The drive motor drives the rotating shaft to rotate, causing the eccentric part to rotate as well, thus causing the device to vibrate. The main body of the drive motor is fixedly connected to the base via a first bracket; the main body of the reducer is fixedly connected to the base via a second bracket. The testing and inspection method for the gantry crane includes: S01, Gantry crane; S02. In response to the start signal of the gantry crane, monitor and record vibration data of the load-bearing translation trolley, gantry frame and / or translation drive mechanism connected to the lower end of the gantry frame of the gantry crane; S03. Start the vibration generating device installed on the load-bearing translation trolley, gantry frame and / or the translation drive mechanism connected to the lower end of the gantry frame of the gantry crane, so that the servo motor of the vibration generating device drives the rotating shaft to rotate at a preset speed, so that the vibration generating device can excite or amplify the vibration of the load-bearing translation trolley, gantry frame and / or the translation drive mechanism connected to the lower end of the gantry frame of the gantry crane. S04. Based on the recorded vibration data, conduct anomaly checks on the load-bearing translation trolley, gantry frame, and / or the translation drive mechanism connected to the lower end of the gantry frame of the gantry crane.

2. The portal crane test detection method of claim 1, wherein, The base is provided with a plurality of mounting through holes penetrating its upper and lower end faces, the mounting through holes being used to mount and fix the base to the mounting attachment object; The rotating connector is a bearing. The outer ring of the bearing is fixedly connected to the support plate, and its inner ring is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft. The support plate has mounting holes corresponding to the bearing.

3. The portal crane test detection method of claim 2, wherein, When there is one eccentric component, it is eccentrically fixedly connected to the center of the axial direction of the shaft between a pair of support plates; When there is more than one eccentric component, they are eccentrically fixedly connected at equal intervals on the rotating shaft between a pair of support plates and are arranged symmetrically.

4. The portal crane test detection method of claim 3, wherein, One side of the eccentric component is provided with a fixed through hole that is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft, and the other side of the eccentric component is provided with a columnar sliding cavity that extends away from the fixed through hole and forms an opening; a sliding component for adjusting the center of gravity of the eccentric component is connected inside the sliding cavity.

5. The portal crane test and inspection method of claim 4, wherein, The sliding assembly includes a slider, a spring, and a plug. The slider is a columnar structure adapted to the structure of the sliding cavity and is slidably connected within the sliding cavity. The end of the slider facing the opening has a first recess, and the slider has multiple vent holes penetrating both ends. The plug is adapted to the opening and welded to it, encapsulating the spring and slider within the sliding cavity. The end of the plug facing the slider has a second recess. The spring is positioned between the plug and the slider, with its two ends abutting against the first and second recesses, respectively. The slider and spring have a first engagement state and a second engagement state. In the first engagement state, the spring pushes the slider, causing it to abut against the end of the sliding cavity away from the plug. In the second engagement state, the eccentric component rotates around the axis, and the slider is compressed by centrifugal force, causing it to slide towards the plug. When the spring is compressed to its limit, or the slider abuts against the plug, or the centrifugal force on the slider is balanced by the elastic force generated by the spring compression, the slider stops sliding.

6. A portal crane test and inspection method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that S03 also includes: within a preset speed range, adjusting the speed of the servo motor of the vibration generator and keeping it rotating at a constant speed for a preset time.

7. A portal crane test and inspection method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that In S04, the recorded vibration data includes vibration data when the vibration generating device is not involved and vibration data after the vibration generating device is involved, each with corresponding marking information.

8. A gantry crane test detection system using the gantry crane test detection method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized by, It includes: Signal sensing unit, used to sense the start signal of gantry crane; The vibration monitoring unit is used to monitor and record vibration data of the load-bearing translation trolley, gantry frame and / or translation drive mechanism connected to the lower end of the gantry frame of the gantry crane; The vibration intervention unit is the vibration generating device, which is multiple in number and installed on the load-bearing translation trolley, gantry frame and / or the translation drive mechanism connected to the lower end of the gantry frame of the gantry crane, and is used to excite or amplify the working vibration of the load-bearing translation trolley, gantry frame and / or the translation drive mechanism connected to the lower end of the gantry frame. The data processing unit is used to troubleshoot anomalies in the load-bearing translation trolley, gantry frame, and / or the translation drive mechanism connected to the lower end of the gantry frame of the gantry crane based on the vibration data recorded by the vibration monitoring unit.

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