A shearing device

Abstract

The present invention relates to a shearing and disengaging device, which belongs to the field of impact test technology. It comprises a moving part and a disengaging part sleeved on the outside of the moving part, the moving part can move in the disengaging part, and the disengaging part can be connected to the loading block; when no external force is applied to the moving part in the direction of the loading block, one end of the shearing part contacts the side wall of the groove close to the loading block, the shearing part restricts the moving part from moving in the direction away from the loading block, and the moving part is connected to the disengaging part; when an external force is applied to the moving part in the direction of the loading block, the moving part moves toward the loading block, and the side wall of the groove away from the loading block can hit the shearing part to generate a shear force to break the shearing part, so that the disengaging part is separated from the moving part. When multiple test devices are tested simultaneously, the present invention can ensure that the loading blocks are disengaged synchronously, and safe disengagement can be achieved without a large impact force, and can ensure that the loading block hits the tested part vertically.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of impact testing, in particular to a shearing separation device. Background Art

[0002] When measuring the parameters of high-speed impact of an object, a test device is required. The test device is equipped with a power source and a loading block. The power source in the test device drives the loading block to accelerate. When a certain speed is reached, the loading block hits the object to be tested. The impact force of the impact is transmitted to the power source through the loading block, sometimes damaging the power source. In the synchronous high-speed motion test of multiple test devices, the driver of the test bench is driven by the power source and instantly accelerates at a high acceleration. After reaching the set specific speed value, it needs to be safely and reliably separated to achieve specific function or performance simulation and protect the driver. Since the movement speed of the object to be tested is fast and the movement time is short, in order to ensure the synchronization of the response and the consistency of the experimental performance, there are strict requirements for the safe separation of the loaded part, and it is required to separate quickly and reliably.

[0003] The technical solution proposed in existing patent application CN210005206U utilizes a self-destruct lever. This solution addresses impact testing by preventing damage to the power source when a power source drives a loading block into the test piece. The self-destruct lever is designed to neutralize the impact force. However, when multiple test devices are used for simultaneous testing, the self-destruct lever's disengagement can be asynchronous, preventing the loading blocks in each test device from simultaneously impacting the test piece, affecting test results.

[0004] Furthermore, a significant impact force is required to cause the self-destruct rod to break simultaneously upon impact. Lifting the loading block requires a secure connector to ensure safe lifting. However, separating the loading block can easily require a significant impact force due to the simultaneous breakage of the connector. Insufficient impact force can easily result in the block becoming unable to disengage. Summary of the Invention

[0005] (1) Technical issues to be resolved

[0006] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings and deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a shearing and disengaging device, which solves the technical problems that when multiple test devices are tested simultaneously, the loading block is separated from the power source due to asynchronous separation affecting the test effect, the setting of multiple shearing parts requires a large impact force to completely separate, and the test piece cannot be hit vertically, and ensures safe and reliable separation from the power source to prevent damage to the power source.

[0007] (2) Technical solution

[0008] In order to achieve the above objectives, the main technical solutions adopted by the present invention include:

[0009] The present invention provides a shearing and separating device, comprising a moving part and a separating part sleeved outside the moving part, wherein the moving part can move inside the separating part, and the separating part can be connected to a loading block;

[0010] The separation member is provided with a through hole, and a shearing member is provided in the through hole, and the shearing member can be broken by shearing force;

[0011] The moving part is provided with a groove in the radial direction;

[0012] There is a space between the moving part and the loading block, and there is also a space between the side wall of the groove away from the loading block and the shearing part;

[0013] When no external force is applied to the moving part in the direction toward the loading block, one end of the shearing member contacts the side wall of the groove close to the loading block, and the shearing member restricts the moving part from moving in the direction away from the loading block, and the moving part is connected to the disengaging member;

[0014] When an external force is applied to the moving part in the direction of the loading block, the moving part moves toward the loading block, and the side wall of the groove away from the loading block can hit the shearing part to generate a shear force to break the shearing part, so that the disengagement part is separated from the moving part.

[0015] The moving part can slide up and down in the separating part. The external force applied is a downward external force, and the separating part separates downward according to its own weight.

[0016] When the acceleration of the moving part driven by external force is greater than the gravity acceleration of the separation part, the moving part moves toward the loading block relative to the separation part, the shearing part is sheared, and the moving component is separated from the separation component.

[0017] Optionally, the number of the grooves is at least two, and the grooves are arranged corresponding to the through holes.

[0018] Optionally, the heights of the grooves in the axial direction of the moving part are different, and the distances from the sidewall of each groove close to the loading block to the loading block are the same.

[0019] Optionally, the through hole is a threaded through hole, and the shearing piece is a shearing screw.

[0020] Optionally, the side wall of the groove away from the loading block is a curved surface, which can cooperate with the shear screw.

[0021] Optionally, the moving part is a transition flange, which includes a flange body and a flange end cover detachably connected to the flange body, and the flange end cover can be in contact with the loading block.

[0022] Optionally, the flange body is threadedly connected to the flange end cover.

[0023] Optionally, the inner wall of the flange body is provided with an internal thread, and the outer wall is sleeved with a locking nut. The flange body is threadedly connected to the power source and is fixed by the locking nut.

[0024] Optionally, the detachable member is a hanging base, and the hanging base is connected to the loading block via connecting screws.

[0025] (3) Beneficial effects

[0026] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: a shearing and disengaging device of the present invention, a moving part can be connected to a power source (the end of the piston rod of the driving cylinder), a disengaging part is connected to a loading block, and a disengaging part is sleeved outside the moving part, making it easy to disengage. A shearing part is provided in the through hole, and the shearing part contacts the side wall of the groove close to the loading block, and there is space between the shearing part and the other side wall. The moving part can drive the disengaging part to move in a direction away from the loading block; when the moving part moves in a direction close to the loading block, the side wall of the groove away from the loading block can hit the shearing part to generate a shear force, and the shear force breaks the shear block, and the moving part contacts the loading block to push the disengaging part to disengage along the moving direction of the moving part. The present invention uses shear force to disengage, and the disengagement is rapid and the disengagement reliability is high. When multiple test devices are tested simultaneously, the loading blocks can be synchronously disengaged from the power source and synchronously hit the test pieces.

[0027] The present invention provides grooves at different heights, allowing the self-destructing shear screw and the loading block to shear and destroy each piece individually through relative motion. This reduces the impact force required for shearing, enabling reliable separation of the loading block and the drive cylinder. The disengagement action is completed before braking, making it easy to disengage the disengagement piece and improving reliability.

[0028] When the loading block is lifted, the weight of the loading block is borne by multiple self-destructing shear screws, and the shear screws break one by one, which provides good safety during the test.

[0029] During the separation process of the loading block, the center hole of the loading block base and the cylindrical surface of the flange body form a guiding effect, ensuring that the loading block hits the test piece vertically, and the impact simulation effect is good.

[0030] The flange body will be connected to the driving cylinder piston rod through threads, and the locking nut will press the lower end surface of the driving cylinder piston rod through threads, so that the flange body can be fixed and locked circumferentially to prevent circumferential rotation during the impact process.

[0031] After the lifting base escapes with the loading block, it will still move a certain distance under the guidance of the cylindrical surface of the flange body, thereby eliminating the rotational torque applied to the loading block when the screws break asynchronously, and ensuring to the maximum extent that the loading block hits the test piece along the axial direction. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the overall structure of the shearing and separation device in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Longitudinal cross-sectional view.

[0034] Figure 3 4 is a circumferential expansion diagram of the groove in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the relative positions of the shear screw and the groove when the transition flange drives the lifting base to move away from the loading block in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the relative positions of the shear screw and the groove when the transition flange moves toward the loading block in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] [Description of Reference Numerals]

[0038] 1: Flange body; 2: Lock nut; 3: Flange end cover; 4: Lifting base; 5: Shear screw; 6: Connecting screw; 7: Loading block; 8. Groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] In order to better explain the present invention and facilitate understanding, the present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Wherein, the directional terms "up", "down", etc. mentioned herein refer to the up and down movement directions perpendicular to the horizontal plane.

[0040] A shearing and disengaging device proposed in an embodiment of the present invention adopts a self-destructive shearing screw solution, and utilizes the step surfaces at different axial positions on the transition flange during accelerated movement to shear and destroy the shearing screws with symmetrical arrangement characteristics, thereby enabling them to achieve a safe and smooth disengagement function under high-speed movement. In this technical solution, the transition flange moves relative to the center hole of the lifting base during the disengagement process, and the clearance between the two is matched, so that the separation movement ensures better synchronization and reliability.

[0041] To better understand the above technical solutions, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although exemplary embodiments of the present invention are shown in the accompanying drawings, it should be understood that the present invention can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments described herein. Instead, these embodiments are provided to enable a clearer and more thorough understanding of the present invention and to fully convey the scope of the present invention to those skilled in the art.

[0042] Example 1:

[0043] Reference Figure 1-Figure 5 , a shearing and separating device, comprising a moving part and a separating part sleeved on the outside of the moving part, the moving part can move in the separating part, and the separating part can be connected to the loading block 7;

[0044] The separation piece is provided with a through hole, in which a shearing piece 5 is provided. The shearing piece 5 can break when subjected to shearing force.

[0045] A groove 8 is provided in the radial direction of the moving part;

[0046] There is space between the moving part and the loading block 7, and there is also space between the side wall of the groove 8 away from the loading block 7 and the shearing member 5;

[0047] When no external force is applied to the moving part in the direction toward the loading block 7, one end of the shearing member 5 contacts the side wall of the groove 8 close to the loading block 7, and the shearing member 5 restricts the moving part from moving in the direction away from the loading block 7, and the moving part is connected to the separation member;

[0048] When an external force is applied to the moving part in the direction of the loading block 7, the moving part moves toward the loading block 7, and the side wall of the groove 8 away from the loading block 7 can hit the shearing member 5 to generate a shear force, causing the shearing member 5 to break, and the separation member to separate from the moving part. Figure 2 The moving part provides a downward force to the shearing part, and the inner wall of the through hole provides an upward force to the shearing part. The two generate a shear force to break the shearing part.

[0049] The moving part can move vertically up and down within the detachment. When the applied external force is downward and the detachment is not in contact with the moving part, it moves downward under the acceleration of gravity. The moving part moves downward at an acceleration greater than the acceleration of gravity, creating a speed difference between the detachment and moving parts, causing the shearing parts to be sheared sequentially. When all the shearing parts have been sheared, the moving part contacts the detachment, and both parts move downward at the same acceleration. When the moving part brakes, the detachment continues its downward motion under inertia, striking the test piece.

[0050] refer to Figure 1-5 Specifically, in this embodiment, the bottom end of the flange body 1 is connected to the flange end cover 3, and the locking nut 2 is sleeved on the outer wall of the flange body 1. The central axes of the flange body 1, the locking nut 2 and the flange end cover 3 coincide. The outer shell of the moving part composed of the flange body 1, the locking nut 2 and the flange end cover 3 is provided with a disengagement part, and the moving part can move up and down in the disengagement part. The flange body 1 is provided with a notch, and the notch and the flange end cover 3 form a groove 8. The disengagement part includes an annular lifting base 4, a radial through hole is provided in the lifting base 4, a shear screw 5 is provided in the through hole, and the central axis of the shear screw 5 is perpendicular to the central axis of the moving part. The bottom of the lifting base 4 is connected to the loading block 7, and there is space between the moving part and the loading block 7 in the vertical direction.

[0051] In this embodiment, the number of the grooves 8 is at least two, and the grooves 8 are arranged corresponding to the through holes. When the number of the grooves 8 is a multiple of two, the grooves 8 are symmetrically arranged on the moving part.

[0052] The heights of the grooves 8 in the axial direction of the moving part are different, and the distances between the side walls of each groove 8 close to the loading block 7 and the loading block 7 are the same. Figure 1 and 3 The grooves 8 have different heights on the surface of the moving part, but the bottom surfaces of the grooves 8 are all flush. Arranging the grooves 8 in this way ensures that the separation member is coaxial with the moving part when the moving part moves upward; when the moving part moves downward, the shearing members in different grooves 8 break at different times, and the breaking time can be set according to actual needs. In addition, breaking one by one ensures safe separation without requiring a large impact force.

[0053] In this embodiment, the through hole is a threaded through hole, and the shear member 5 is a shear screw. The shear screw 5 is a screw that can break when subjected to shear force. The shear screw 5 cooperates with the threaded through hole so that the shear screw 5 is firmly seated within the threaded through hole, thereby easily breaking the shear screw 5 under shear force.

[0054] refer to Figures 3-5 The side wall of the groove 8 away from the loading block 7 is a curved surface, which can cooperate with the shear screw.

[0055] refer to Figure 2 The moving part is a transition flange, which includes a flange body 1 and a flange end cover 3 detachably connected to the flange body 1. The flange end cover 3 can contact the loading block 7. The detachable connection makes it easy to replace the flange end cover 3.

[0056] The flange body 1 of this embodiment is threadedly connected to the flange end cover 3. The threaded connection makes the flange end cover 3 easy to replace and will not be displaced when it collides with the loading block 7.

[0057] refer to Figure 1 or Figure 2 The inner wall of the flange body 1 is provided with an internal thread, and the outer wall is provided with a locking nut 2. The flange body 1 is threadedly connected to the power source and fixed by a locking nut 3. Preventing it from rotating circumferentially when impacted.

[0058] In this embodiment, the transition flange is connected to the driving cylinder piston rod through threads, and the locking nut presses the lower end surface of the driving cylinder piston rod through threads, so that the transition flange is circumferentially fixed and locked to prevent circumferential rotational movement during the impact process.

[0059] The detachable member in this embodiment is a lifting base 4 , which is a ring-shaped structure. The lifting base 4 is connected to the loading block 7 via connecting screws 6 .

[0060] The maximum diameters of the flange body 1 , the locking nut 2 and the flange end cover 3 of this embodiment are smaller than the diameter of the hole of the hanging base 4 so that no interference occurs during relative movement.

[0061] During the test, the flange body 1 of the transition flange is connected to the end of the piston rod of the driving cylinder, and the transition flange and the locking nut 2 are connected together by threads. The locking nut 2 can be moved along the axial direction of the transition flange by screwing, to ensure that when the transition flange is connected to the end of the piston rod of the driving cylinder, the end of the piston rod can press the end face of the transition flange; the flange end cover 3 is tightened with the bottom center threaded hole of the flange body by using the boss screw to press the upper end face of the flange end cover 3 against the bottom face of the transition flange.

[0062] The lifting base 4 is connected to the loading block 7 by connecting screws 6. When the screw head of the shear screw 5 does not extend into the through hole of the lifting base 4, the entire body consisting of the flange body 1, the locking nut 2 and the flange end cover 3 can be freely detached from the center hole of the lifting base 4.

[0063] The shear screw 5 is screwed into the through hole of the lifting base 4 and extends beyond the central hole wall of the lifting base 4 by a certain distance, so that the screw head of the shear screw 5 penetrates into the groove 8 of the transition flange.

[0064] When the driving cylinder drives the piston rod to lift the flange body 1, locking nut 2 and flange end cover 3, the screw head of the shear screw 5 inserted into the groove 8 will fit with the end face of the flange end cover 3, driving the lifting base 4 and loading block 7, and the loading block 7 is lifted. The lifting base 4 and the transition flange are hooked and suspended in the air by the shear screw 5, so that there is a certain height space between the bottom surface of the flange end cover 3 and the loading block.

[0065] When the driving cylinder, under the influence of a power source, moves at an acceleration value hundreds of times the acceleration due to gravity, the loading block 7 and the lifting base 4, however, are subjected only to the force of gravity and undergo free fall. Due to the significant difference in acceleration between the two, the driving cylinder piston rod pushes the transition flange downward at an acceleration value far greater than the acceleration due to gravity. At this time, the lifting base 4 and the loading block 7 are connected as a whole via the connecting screws 6 and undergo free fall. In other words, the moving part moves relative to the disengaging part at high speed. As the transition flange moves relative to the lifting base 4, the grooves 8 and the shear screws 5 generate impact shear forces one by one. The shear screws 5 break under the action of the external force, causing the bottom of the flange end cover 3 to press against the loading block 7, ultimately driving the loading block 7 and the lifting base 4 to move at the same acceleration.

[0066] When the driving cylinder piston rod connected to the transition flange is braked in the reverse direction, the loading block 7 hits the test piece at high speed under the action of inertia, and the two are separated. Since the shear screws 5 constraining the transition flange and the lifting base 4 are broken one by one along the cylindrical surface in the groove 8, the driving cylinder piston rod connected to the transition flange can freely withdraw from the lifting base 4, thereby realizing a fast and reliable separation function.

[0067] After the lifting base 4 escapes with the loading block 7, it will still move a certain distance under the guidance of the cylindrical surface of the transition flange, thereby eliminating the rotational torque applied to the loading block 7 when the shear screw breaks asynchronously, and maximally ensuring that the loading block 7 hits the test piece vertically along the axial direction.

[0068] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood to indicate or imply relative importance or implicitly specify the number of the technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature specified as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, "plurality" means two or more, unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0069] In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "connect," "fixed," etc. should be understood broadly. For example, they may refer to fixed connection, detachable connection, or integration; mechanical connection or electrical connection; direct connection or indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and internal communication between two components or interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on specific circumstances.

[0070] In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, when a first feature is "above" or "below" a second feature, it may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, when a first feature is "above," "above," or "above" a second feature, it may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. When a first feature is "below," "below," or "below" a second feature, it may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is at a lower level than the second feature.

[0071] In the description of this specification, the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "embodiments", "examples", "specific examples" or "some examples" refer to the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example and included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine different embodiments or examples described in this specification and features of different embodiments or examples, unless they are mutually inconsistent.

[0072] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it will be understood that the above embodiments are illustrative and are not to be construed as limitations on the present invention. A person skilled in the art may alter, modify, replace and modify the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A shearing and separating device, characterized in that: It comprises a moving part and a separation part sleeved on the outside of the moving part, wherein the moving part can move inside the separation part, and the separation part can be connected to a loading block (7); The detaching member is provided with a through hole, a shearing member (5) is provided in the through hole, and the shearing member (5) can be broken when subjected to shear force; A groove (8) is provided in the radial direction of the moving part; There is a space between the moving part and the loading block (7), and there is also a space between the side wall of the groove (8) away from the loading block (7) and the shearing part (5); When no external force is applied to the moving part in the direction toward the loading block (7), one end of the shearing member (5) contacts the side wall of the groove (8) close to the loading block (7), and the shearing member (5) restricts the moving part from moving in the direction away from the loading block (7), and the moving part is connected to the separation member; When an external force is applied to the moving part in the direction of the loading block (7), the moving part moves toward the loading block (7), and the side wall of the groove (8) away from the loading block (7) can collide with the shearing part (5) to generate a shearing force, causing the shearing part (5) to break, thereby causing the separation part to separate from the moving part.

2. The shearing and separating device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of the grooves (8) is at least two, and the grooves (8) are arranged corresponding to the through holes.

3. The shearing and separating device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The heights of the grooves (8) in the axial direction of the moving part are different, and the distances between the side walls of each groove (8) close to the loading block (7) and the loading block (7) are the same.

4. The shearing and separating device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The through hole is a threaded through hole, and the shearing piece (5) is a shearing screw.

5. The shearing and separating device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The side wall of the groove (8) away from the loading block (7) is a curved surface, which can cooperate with the shear screw.

6. The shearing and separating device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The moving part is a transition flange, which comprises a flange body (1) and a flange end cover (3) detachably connected to the flange body (1), and the flange end cover (3) can contact the loading block (7).

7. The shearing and separating device according to any one of claims 6, characterized in that: The flange body (1) is threadedly connected to the flange end cover (3).

8. The shearing and separating device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The inner wall of the flange body (1) is provided with an internal thread, and the outer wall is sleeved with a locking nut (2); the flange body (1) is threadedly connected to the power source and fixed by the locking nut (2).

9. The shearing and separating device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The detachable member is a hanging base (4), and the hanging base (4) is connected to the loading block (7) via a connecting screw (6).

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