Tiled shielding blocks without direct through-slots

Abstract

The application discloses a direct-through-gap-free tiled shielding block, which comprises at least one convex layer and at least one adjacent layer, and the convex layer and the adjacent layer are connected with each other along the axial direction of the shielding block. The continuous plane formed by the convex layers of a plurality of shielding blocks is tiled with each other in a plane perpendicular to the axial direction of the shielding blocks, and the same gap of the continuous plane is the same as the axial projection of the adjacent layer. The direct-through-gap-free tiled shielding block of the embodiment of the application can be tiled and engaged with each other to form a shielding body without a direct-through-gap in any dimension of a radiation incident surface, effectively shields and eliminates direct-through radiation and radiation leakage, reduces the intensity and energy of the radiation, thereby realizing good comprehensive radiation protection and shielding performance, controlling the radiation level of a working position of a person in an acceptable range, and avoiding over-dose irradiation of the person.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of ionizing radiation protection and shielding technology, and in particular to interlocking shielding blocks without direct penetrating gaps. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, sites with various nuclear facilities and radioactive installations typically have manholes or doorways in fixed shielding structures or buildings to allow personnel access during maintenance or other specific periods. During specific times such as operations or the transfer of highly radioactive waste, shielding blocks are stacked and laid to seal the openings, forming a temporary shield. These temporary shields are then moved or removed after the nuclear facility's operations are completed. For example, rooms housing equipment such as tanks for waste liquid and waste resin systems in nuclear power plants are considered high-radioactive areas. Doorways to these rooms are not fitted with shielded doors but are sealed with concrete shielding blocks. On very rare occasions, such as when inspections or maintenance are required, the shielding blocks are removed to allow personnel access, and the blocks are resealed as required after the work is completed. However, because personnel in sites with radioactive installations face a high risk of radiation exposure, the temporary shielding walls or structures must maintain radiation levels within acceptable limits.

[0003] For engineering and shielding requirements, such as Figure 1 As shown, the shielding blocks are currently laid out to form a protective structure according to the method specified in GB 12163-1990. However, this protective structure can only eliminate direct penetration in one dimension of the radiation incident surface, leaving direct penetration gaps in the other dimension. Furthermore, due to dimensional deviations in the manufacturing process of the shielding blocks themselves, and the dimensional deviations generated during stacking and laying, gaps of 3mm-20mm are typically present in the constructed shielding structure. Testing and analysis have shown that the radiation leakage levels in these gaps are 10-1000 times higher than in the intact areas. For example, in high-energy, high-intensity radiation environments, the scheme described in GB 12163-1990 still poses a significant radiation risk at critical work locations. Measurements of radiation at the joints of different shielding structures revealed that the dose rate at the direct penetration gaps is at least 10 times higher than in the intact shielding areas, posing a significant radiation risk and potentially causing overdose exposure to personnel. Furthermore, because the GB 12163-1990 scheme has the drawback of only eliminating direct penetrating radiation on a single dimension of the incident plane, multiple layers of cross-laid shielding blocks must be laid to avoid direct penetrating gaps in order to reduce radiation. This not only greatly increases the load on the factory structure, but also increases the project cost, construction difficulty, and time. In addition, such as Figure 2As shown, patent CN215167127 discloses a radiation-shielding concrete block. This shielding block can only eliminate direct penetration in one dimension of the radiation incident surface. In another dimension, when the blocks are spliced ​​together sequentially along the transverse direction, direct penetration gaps still exist. Furthermore, because conventional shielding blocks are only interlocked and fixed in a single dimension, their safety is insufficient. In the event of earthquakes, object impacts, or collisions with equipment or devices, the shielding blocks are prone to displacement, creating penetration gaps after misalignment, posing a risk of radiation leakage. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this application is to solve the aforementioned technical problems.

[0005] The first aspect of this application proposes a modular shielding block without direct through gaps, comprising at least one protruding layer and at least one adjacent layer, the protruding layer and the adjacent layer being interconnected along the axial direction of the shielding block, and the protruding layers of multiple shielding blocks being interlocked on a plane perpendicular to their axial direction to form a continuous plane with the same gap, the gap being the same as the axial projection of the adjacent layer.

[0006] Furthermore, the protruding layer and adjacent layers satisfy the following relationship:

[0007] R≥r,

[0008] Where R is the radius of the largest inscribed circle of the axial projection of the protruding layer, and r is the radius of the smallest circumscribed circle of the axial projection of the adjacent layer.

[0009] Furthermore, 1.5r ≤ R ≤ 2.5r.

[0010] Furthermore, the protruding layer and the adjacent layer have the same axis and are both rotationally symmetric with respect to the axis.

[0011] Furthermore, at least one of the protruding layer and the adjacent layer of the shielding block is two or more layers, and the protruding layer and the adjacent layer are spaced apart.

[0012] Furthermore, the thickness of the protruding layer and / or adjacent layer in the axial direction is 1 / (n+2) to 1 / (n-2) of the thickness of the shielding block in the axial direction, where n is the sum of the number of protruding layers and adjacent layers in the axial direction.

[0013] Furthermore, the shielding block includes a first shielding block and a second shielding block. The first shielding block and the second shielding block have the same thickness in the axial direction, and the first shielding block and the second shielding block are assembled together on a plane perpendicular to the axial direction to form a shield without direct through gaps.

[0014] Furthermore, the first shielding block comprises two adjacent layers and a protruding layer, and the second shielding block comprises two protruding layers and an adjacent layer, wherein the thickness of the adjacent layers and / or the protruding layer is 20%-60% of the thickness of the shielding block.

[0015] Furthermore, both the protruding layer and the adjacent layer are prism structures, and the bottom surfaces of both the protruding layer and the adjacent layer are regular polygons.

[0016] Furthermore, the protruding layer is an octagonal prism, and the adjacent layer is a quadrangular prism.

[0017] Furthermore, the thickness of the shielding block is 30mm-2000mm, and the minimum circumscribed circle radius of the axial projection of the protruding layer is 25mm-1000mm.

[0018] Furthermore, the protruding layer and adjacent layers are integrally formed or formed in multiple layers.

[0019] Furthermore, the protruding layer and adjacent layers may be made of the same or different materials.

[0020] Furthermore, the protruding layer is a cylinder, and the adjacent layer is a four-pointed star-shaped cylinder.

[0021] Furthermore, the protruding layer is a cube with a missing corner, and the adjacent layer is a cube.

[0022] By applying the above-described technical solution of the present invention, at least the following technical effects are achieved:

[0023] 1. The shielding blocks can be interlocked to form a shield without any direct penetration gaps in any dimension of the radiation incident surface, effectively shielding and eliminating direct penetration radiation and radiation leakage, reducing the intensity and energy of radiation, thus achieving good comprehensive radiation protection and shielding performance, keeping the radiation level at the personnel's working position within an acceptable range, and avoiding excessive exposure to personnel.

[0024] 2. The shielding body assembled by the shielding blocks has good stability and safety. It achieves interlocking fixation in multiple dimensions, avoiding through gaps caused by misalignment of the shielding blocks, thereby effectively avoiding the risk of radiation leakage beam irradiation.

[0025] 3. This shielding block does not require multiple layers in high-radiation areas. The shielding effect can be guaranteed through the flexible and convenient combination of the shielding blocks, saving the space occupied by the shielding body and the amount of materials used. At the same time, it is easy to dismantle and assemble, reducing the difficulty of construction, shortening the construction cycle, and improving work efficiency, thereby effectively reducing the radiation dose to the laying personnel.

[0026] 4. The size of the shielding bricks can be flexibly adjusted and the materials can be flexibly combined, making it suitable for various radiation shielding scenarios in nuclear engineering sites.

[0027] Additional aspects and advantages of this application will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of this application. Attached Figure Description

[0028] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this specification, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the invention. In the drawings:

[0029] Figure 1 A structural diagram of the shielding block assembly in prior art 1 is presented;

[0030] Figure 2 A structural diagram of the shielding block assembly in prior art 2 is presented;

[0031] Figure 3 A structural diagram of the interlocking shielding block without direct through gaps in Example 1 is shown;

[0032] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the shape of the protruding layer and adjacent layers in the interlocking shielding block without direct through gaps in Example 1 is shown;

[0033] Figure 5 A schematic diagram showing the radius of the inscribed circle of the protruding layer and the radius of the circumscribed circle of the adjacent layer in Example 1 is provided;

[0034] Figure 6 A structural diagram of the combination of the first shielding block and the second shielding block in Embodiment 1 is shown;

[0035] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the interlocking shielding block without direct through gaps with its corners cut off, as shown in Example 1, is presented.

[0036] Figure 8 A front view of the first shielding block of Embodiment 1 is shown;

[0037] Figure 9 A side view of the first shielding block of Embodiment 1 is shown;

[0038] Figure 10 A front view of the second shielding block of Embodiment 1 is shown;

[0039] Figure 11 A side view of the second shielding block of Embodiment 1 is shown;

[0040] Figure 12 A structural diagram of the interlocking shielding block without direct through gaps in Example 2 is shown;

[0041] Figure 13A schematic diagram of the shape of the protruding layer and adjacent layers in the interlocking shielding block without direct through gaps in Example 2 is shown;

[0042] Figure 14 A schematic diagram showing the radius of the inscribed circle of the protruding layer and the radius of the circumscribed circle of the adjacent layer in Example 2 is provided;

[0043] Figure 15 A structural diagram of the combination of the first shielding block and the second shielding block in Embodiment 2 is shown;

[0044] Figure 16 A structural diagram of a modular shielding block without direct through gaps is shown in Embodiment 3;

[0045] Figure 17 A structural diagram of another type of interlocking shielding block without direct through gaps is shown in Example 3;

[0046] Figure 18 A schematic diagram of the shape of the protruding layer and adjacent layers in the interlocking shielding block without direct through gaps in Example 3 is shown;

[0047] Figure 19 A schematic diagram showing the radius of the inscribed circle of the protruding layer and the radius of the circumscribed circle of the adjacent layer in Example 3 is provided;

[0048] Figure 20 A structural diagram of the combination of the first shielding block and the second shielding block in Embodiment 3 is shown.

[0049] Reference numerals: 1. Protruding layer; 2. Adjacent layer; 3. First shielding block; 4. Second shielding block. Detailed Implementation

[0050] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in the present invention can be combined with each other. The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0051] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments, which should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.

[0052] Example 1:

[0053] According to one aspect of the present invention, a modular shielding block without direct through gaps is proposed, such as... Figure 3 As shown, it includes at least one protruding layer 1 and at least one adjacent layer 2, the protruding layer 1 and the adjacent layer 2 being along the axial direction of the shielding block (i.e., Figure 3 Connected to each other in a direction perpendicular to the paper. For example... Figure 4As shown, in this type of interlocking shielding block without direct through gaps, the same gaps in the continuous plane formed by the protruding layers 1 of multiple shielding blocks on a plane perpendicular to their axial direction are the same as the axial projections of the adjacent layers 2. This allows the protruding layers 1 and the adjacent layers 2 to match each other in shape when multiple blocks are spliced ​​together.

[0054] Furthermore, such as Figure 5 As shown, the protruding layer 1 and the adjacent layer 2 satisfy the following relationship: R ≥ r. Here, R is the radius of the largest inscribed circle of the axial projection of the protruding layer 1, and r is the radius of the smallest circumscribed circle of the axial projection of the adjacent layer 2. This ensures that when multiple blocks are joined together, the protruding layer 1 and the adjacent layer 2 can be matched in size. In this embodiment, R is approximately equal to 1.71 times r; in other embodiments, 1.5r ≤ R ≤ 2.5r is preferred, which ensures the structural strength of the shielding blocks while achieving the desired radiation protection effect.

[0055] Furthermore, the protruding layer 1 and the adjacent layer 2 have the same axis and are both rotationally symmetric with respect to the axis. In a preferred embodiment, such as Figure 3 As shown, both the protruding layer 1 and the adjacent layer 2 are prism structures, and the base surfaces of both layers are regular polygons. In engineering practice, it is optimal to use an octagonal prism for the protruding layer 1 and a quadrangular prism for the adjacent layer 2, which facilitates manufacturing and construction.

[0056] Furthermore, at least one of the protruding layer 1 and the adjacent layer 2 of the shielding block consists of two or more layers, with the protruding layer 1 and the adjacent layer 2 spaced apart. Simultaneously, the axial thickness of the protruding layer 1 and / or the adjacent layer 2 is 1 / (n+2) to 1 / (n-2) of the axial thickness of the shielding block, where n is the sum of the number of protruding layers 1 and adjacent layers 2 in the axial direction. For example, in nuclear facility engineering, the optimal number of shielding blocks is 3 or 4; for specific cases, the number of shielding blocks can be increased. This ensures that the dimensions of each protruding layer 1 and adjacent layer 2 meet the requirements for subsequent assembly.

[0057] Furthermore, such as Figure 6As shown, the shielding block may include a first shielding block 3 and a second shielding block 4. The first shielding block 3 and the second shielding block 4 have different structures but the same thickness in the axial direction. Furthermore, the first shielding block 3 and the second shielding block 4 are assembled together on a plane perpendicular to the axial direction to form a shield without direct penetrating gaps. This completely eliminates direct penetrating gaps, achieving effective shielding against various types of ionizing radiation, including but not limited to single radiation or arbitrary combinations of mixed radiation such as neutrons, photons (gamma rays, X-rays), electrons, and charged particles. This prevents radiation leakage through penetrating gaps, achieving radiation shielding in any dimension of the incident plane and avoiding excessive radiation exposure to personnel.

[0058] Among them, the first shielding block 3 and the second shielding block 4 can be directly assembled, or to increase stability or airtightness, one or more of the following connection methods can be used: bonding, tenon and mortise, bolt, pin, etc.

[0059] Furthermore, since the first shielding block 3 and the second shielding block 4 can avoid direct through-seams in the shielding structure they form, multi-layer laying is avoided in high-energy, high-intensity radiation environments, reducing the construction cost of the shielding structure and saving workspace. At the same time, this allows for flexible and convenient assembly and disassembly of the shielding structure, thereby reducing construction difficulty and construction period, further reducing the radiation dose to personnel during the shielding bricklaying process, and improving overall work efficiency.

[0060] In addition, such as Figure 7 As shown, during the assembly of the shielding body, if shielding blocks are laid at the outer corners, the shielding blocks can be cut off along one side or adjacent sides or other appropriate positions of the protruding layer 1 as appropriate. Alternatively, during manufacturing, the protruding layers of the corner shielding blocks along one side or adjacent sides or other appropriate positions of the adjacent layer 2 can be removed, so that one side or adjacent two sides form a plane, a slope or any curved surface that meets the actual requirements of the project, so as to meet the needs of the actual scene where the shielding body is located.

[0061] Specifically, such as Figure 8-9 As shown, the first shielding block 3 includes two adjacent layers 2 and a protruding layer 1. (As indicated...) Figure 10-11 As shown, the second shielding block 4 includes two protruding layers 1 and one adjacent layer 2. The thickness of the adjacent layer 2 and / or the protruding layer 1 is 20%-60% of the thickness of the shielding block.

[0062] like Figure 6As shown, by interlocking the first shielding block 3 and the second shielding block 4 on a plane perpendicular to the axial direction, multi-dimensional interlocking and fixing can be achieved, so that the displacement of the shielding block in all directions on the radiation incident surface is hindered, avoiding displacement under special circumstances (such as earthquakes, object impacts, equipment or device collisions), thereby avoiding the formation of through gaps after misalignment, and thus reducing the intensity of radiation and the energy of rays, achieving effective radiation protection and shielding.

[0063] Furthermore, shielding blocks with a thickness of 30mm-2000mm can be selected, while the minimum circumscribed circle radius of the axial projection of the protruding layer 1 meets the requirement of 25mm-1000mm. In a specific embodiment, shielding blocks with a thickness of 50mm-600mm can be selected for nuclear engineering based on the radiation level of the site. This ensures sufficient material filling space within the shielding blocks, facilitates assembly, and guarantees strong stability of the assembled shield. In addition, through the above assembly method, it can be ensured that the gaps between the shielding blocks in this specific embodiment do not exceed 3mm, thereby reducing the intensity and energy of radiation, thus achieving effective radiation protection and shielding.

[0064] Furthermore, the protruding layer 1 and the adjacent layer 2 can be manufactured as a single piece, such as through integral casting, forging, 3D printing, milling, or cutting. This saves time and costs associated with subsequent assembly, improves work efficiency, and ensures the overall stability of the shielding block. In other embodiments, multiple molding processes can be used as needed, such as secondary casting, secondary pouring, bonding, tenon and mortise joints, bolts, or pins, to assemble each layer into a shielding block.

[0065] Furthermore, the protruding layer 1 and the adjacent layer 2 can be made of the same or different materials, thereby enabling them to be combined and matched according to the needs of nuclear engineering scenarios to meet radiation protection level requirements. In other embodiments, similar materials that meet radiation shielding and basic engineering performance requirements can also be used.

[0066] The materials may include concrete or reinforced concrete (including but not limited to ordinary concrete, biological shielding heavy concrete, radiation-proof concrete, hematite concrete, limonite concrete, barite concrete, serpentine concrete), metals (including but not limited to carbon steel, stainless steel, cast steel, gray cast iron, ductile cast iron, aluminum alloy, magnesium alloy, copper alloy, tungsten, lead, depleted uranium, other alloys, etc.), neutron shielding materials (including but not limited to polyethylene, boron-containing polyethylene, polypropylene, epoxy resin, boron-containing epoxy resin, etc.), composite shielding materials (including but not limited to lead / tungsten boron polyethylene, lead / tungsten boron resin, boron-containing steel, boron-containing aluminum, multi-component alloy materials (X)). m H n -BW / Pb-Al or X m Hn -B4C-W / Pb-Al, where X m H n (e.g., hydride metals).

[0067] In addition, the metering of the filling material must meet the following requirements:

[0068] Cross-sectional area less than or equal to 100 cm² 2 The shielding coefficient (the shielding coefficient is the dose rate in front of the shielding body divided by the dose rate after the shielding body) or radiation attenuation coefficient of the shielding body composed of shielding blocks shall not be less than 10% of the shielding coefficient of the original shielding body of the facility; the cross-sectional area shall be greater than 100 cm². 2 The shielding coefficient of the shielding block is not less than 50% of the shielding coefficient or radiation attenuation coefficient of the original shielding body of the facility.

[0069] In addition, the material selection for shielding blocks in practical applications must be based on radiation protection requirements. Several specific selection scenarios are as follows:

[0070] For situations where neutron radiation dose accounts for more than 10% of the total dose, such as reactor buildings and adjacent areas, reprocessing facilities for actinide element generation and high-level radioactive waste liquid treatment, fusion reactor peripheral buildings, neutron spallation sources and radiation devices; the selection of shielding block materials also plays a certain role in neutron moderation and reducing secondary radiation, such as polyethylene, boron-containing polyethylene, lead-boron polyethylene, polypropylene, epoxy resin, boron-containing epoxy resin, and multi-component alloy materials (X). m H n -BW-Al or X m H n -B4C-W-Al, where X m H n (These are hydride metals). These materials are rich in light nuclei (such as hydrogen). Utilizing the large reaction cross-section (high probability of interaction) of these light nuclei with neutrons, neutrons are shielded. The low gamma energy produced by the radiative capture of neutrons by boron in the material further reduces secondary radiation (such as the (n,γ) reaction). Fast neutrons are slowed down by components with high inelastic scattering cross-sections (such as tungsten). The slowed low-energy neutrons undergo elastic scattering with light nuclei (such as hydrogen), further reducing their energy (slowing them down to thermal neutrons). These slowed thermal neutrons are then absorbed by nuclides with large absorption cross-sections (such as boron). This series of operations not only efficiently slows down and absorbs neutrons, but also significantly reduces secondary radiation generated by the reaction of neutrons with the shielding material due to the substantial reduction in fast neutron flux and total neutron intensity. Simultaneously, the metallic elements can effectively shield gamma rays directly emitted from fission and secondary gamma rays generated by the reaction of neutrons with the shielding material.

[0071] For single electron (including β- and β+) or charged particle radiation, or mixed radiation whose contribution exceeds 0.1%, such as materials containing β-radioactive nuclides with an activity concentration exceeding 1 MBq / L (or 0.01 MBq / g) in nuclear power and reprocessing facility operations or treatments; the shielding blocks should be made of materials that reduce secondary radiation (including bremsstrahlung), such as polyethylene, boron-containing polyethylene, lead / tungsten boron polyethylene, aluminum alloys, magnesium alloys, (epoxy) resins, boron-containing resins, or lead / tungsten boron resins, as well as materials that shield secondary radiation. When β-rays are blocked by the radioactive source material itself and other materials around the source (the shield), the β-rays interact with the shield to generate bremsstrahlung photons (X-rays). The proportion of bremsstrahlung photons is directly proportional to the atomic number Z of the shielding material. Therefore, by utilizing the relatively small atomic number of the aforementioned materials, the bremsstrahlung yield is reduced, and other components in the material shield the generated bremsstrahlung photons.

[0072] For mixed radiation of any combination of neutrons, photons, and electrons, where each type of radiation contributes 10%-90% to the dose, such as reactor buildings, high-level waste liquid treatment facilities in reprocessing facilities, facilities with criticality risks in reprocessing plants, and hot chambers, the shielding blocks should be made of materials with good comprehensive shielding performance, such as lead / tungsten boron polyethylene, lead / tungsten boron resin, boron-containing steel, and multi-component alloy materials (X). m H n -BW-Al or X m H n -B4C-W-Al, where X m H n (It is a hydride metal). The mechanism of action is similar to that of neutrons and β shielding mentioned above.

[0073] Example 2:

[0074] According to one aspect of the present invention, a modular shielding block without direct through gaps is proposed, such as... Figure 12 As shown, it includes at least one protruding layer 1 and at least one adjacent layer 2, the protruding layer 1 and the adjacent layer 2 being interconnected along the axial direction of the shielding block. Figure 13 As shown, in this type of interlocking shielding block without direct through gaps, the same gaps in the continuous plane formed by the protruding layers 1 of multiple shielding blocks on a plane perpendicular to their axial direction are the same as the axial projections of the adjacent layers 2. Thus, when multiple blocks are spliced ​​together, the protruding layers 1 and the adjacent layers 2 can achieve a shape match.

[0075] Furthermore, such as Figure 14As shown, the protruding layer 1 and the adjacent layer 2 satisfy the following relationship: R ≥ r. Where R is the radius of the largest inscribed circle of the axial projection of the protruding layer 1, and r is the radius of the smallest circumscribed circle of the axial projection of the adjacent layer 2. Thus, when multiple blocks are spliced ​​together, the protruding layer 1 and the adjacent layer 2 can be matched in size.

[0076] Furthermore, the protruding layer 1 and the adjacent layer 2 have the same axis and are both rotationally symmetric with respect to the axis. In this embodiment, as... Figure 12 As shown, in engineering, protruding layer 1 is a cylinder, and adjacent layer 2 is a four-pointed star-shaped column.

[0077] Furthermore, such as Figure 15 As shown, the shielding block may include a first shielding block 3 and a second shielding block 4. The first shielding block 3 and the second shielding block 4 have different structures but the same thickness in the axial direction. Furthermore, the first shielding block 3 and the second shielding block 4 are assembled together on a plane perpendicular to the axial direction to form a shield without direct penetrating gaps. This completely eliminates direct penetrating gaps, achieving effective shielding against various types of ionizing radiation, including but not limited to single radiation or arbitrary combinations of mixed radiation such as neutrons, photons (gamma rays, X-rays), electrons, and charged particles. This prevents radiation leakage through penetrating gaps, achieving radiation shielding in any dimension of the incident plane and avoiding excessive radiation exposure to personnel.

[0078] In addition, such as Figure 15 As shown, by interlocking the first shielding block 3 and the second shielding block 4 on a plane perpendicular to the axial direction, multi-dimensional interlocking and fixing can be achieved, so that the displacement of the shielding block in all directions on the radiation incident surface is hindered, avoiding displacement under special circumstances (such as earthquakes, object impacts, equipment or device collisions), thereby avoiding the formation of through gaps after misalignment, and thus reducing the intensity of radiation and the energy of rays, achieving effective radiation protection and shielding.

[0079] Example 3:

[0080] According to one aspect of the present invention, a modular shielding block without direct through gaps is proposed, such as... Figure 16 and Figure 17 As shown, it includes at least one protruding layer 1 and at least one adjacent layer 2, the protruding layer 1 and the adjacent layer 2 being interconnected along the axial direction of the shielding block. Figure 18 As shown, in this type of interlocking shielding block without direct through gaps, the same gaps in the continuous plane formed by the protruding layers 1 of multiple shielding blocks on a plane perpendicular to their axial direction are the same as the axial projections of the adjacent layers 2. This allows the protruding layers 1 and the adjacent layers 2 to match each other in shape when multiple blocks are spliced ​​together.

[0081] Furthermore, such as Figure 19 As shown, the protruding layer 1 and the adjacent layer 2 satisfy the following relationship: R ≥ r. Where R is the radius of the largest inscribed circle of the axial projection of the protruding layer 1, and r is the radius of the smallest circumscribed circle of the axial projection of the adjacent layer 2. This ensures that when multiple blocks are spliced ​​together, the protruding layer 1 and the adjacent layer 2 can be matched in size.

[0082] In this embodiment, as Figure 16 As shown, in engineering practice, protruding layer 1 is a cube with missing corners, and adjacent layer 2 is a cube.

[0083] Furthermore, such as Figure 20 As shown, the shielding block may include a first shielding block 3 and a second shielding block 4. The first shielding block 3 and the second shielding block 4 have different structures but the same thickness in the axial direction. Furthermore, the first shielding block 3 and the second shielding block 4 are assembled together on a plane perpendicular to the axial direction to form a shield without direct penetrating gaps. This completely eliminates direct penetrating gaps, achieving effective shielding against various types of ionizing radiation, including but not limited to single radiation or arbitrary combinations of mixed radiation such as neutrons, photons (gamma rays, X-rays), electrons, and charged particles. This prevents radiation leakage through penetrating gaps, achieving radiation shielding in any dimension of the incident plane and avoiding excessive radiation exposure to personnel.

[0084] In addition, such as Figure 20 As shown, by interlocking the first shielding block 3 and the second shielding block 4 on a plane perpendicular to the axial direction, multi-dimensional interlocking and fixing can be achieved, so that the displacement of the shielding block in all directions on the radiation incident surface is hindered, avoiding displacement under special circumstances (such as earthquakes, object impacts, equipment or device collisions), thereby avoiding the formation of through gaps after misalignment, and thus reducing the intensity of radiation and the energy of rays, achieving effective radiation protection and shielding.

[0085] By applying the technical solutions in the above three embodiments of the present invention, the following technical effects are achieved:

[0086] 1. The shielding blocks can be interlocked to form a shield without any direct penetration gaps in any dimension of the radiation incident surface, effectively shielding and eliminating direct penetration radiation and radiation leakage, reducing the intensity and energy of radiation, thus achieving good comprehensive radiation protection and shielding performance, keeping the radiation level at the personnel's working position within an acceptable range, and avoiding excessive exposure to personnel.

[0087] 2. The shielding body assembled by the shielding blocks has good stability and safety. It achieves interlocking fixation in multiple dimensions, avoiding through gaps caused by misalignment of the shielding blocks, thereby effectively avoiding the risk of radiation leakage beam irradiation.

[0088] 3. This shielding block does not require multiple layers in high-radiation areas. The shielding effect can be guaranteed through the flexible and convenient combination of the shielding blocks, saving the space occupied by the shielding body and the amount of materials used. At the same time, it is easy to dismantle and assemble, reducing the difficulty of construction, shortening the construction cycle, and improving work efficiency, thereby effectively reducing the radiation dose to the laying personnel.

[0089] 4. The size of the shielding bricks can be flexibly adjusted and the materials can be flexibly combined, making it suitable for various radiation shielding scenarios in nuclear engineering sites.

[0090] The above are merely several specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0091] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes the element.

[0092] It should be noted that, in the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

Claims

1. A modular shielding block without direct through-slots, comprising at least one protruding layer (1) and at least one adjacent layer (2), wherein the protruding layer (1) and the adjacent layer (2) are interconnected along the axial direction of the shielding block, characterized in that, The protruding layers (1) of the plurality of shielding blocks are stacked together on a plane perpendicular to their axial direction to form a continuous plane with the same gap, the gap being the same as the axial projection of the adjacent layer (2). The protruding layer (1) and the adjacent layer (2) satisfy: 1.5r≤R≤2.5r, where R is the radius of the largest inscribed circle of the axial projection of the protruding layer (1), and r is the radius of the smallest circumscribed circle of the axial projection of the adjacent layer (2). The protruding layer (1) and the adjacent layer (2) have the same axis and are both rotationally symmetric prism structures with respect to the axis; the protruding layer (1) and the adjacent layer (2) are spaced apart; The bottom surfaces of the protruding layer (1) and the adjacent layer (2) are both regular polygons; The shielding block is divided into a first shielding block (3) and a second shielding block (4). The first shielding block (3) includes two adjacent layers (2) and a protruding layer (1). The second shielding block (4) includes two protruding layers (1) and an adjacent layer (2). The first shielding block (3) and the second shielding block (4) are assembled together on a plane perpendicular to the axial direction to form a shield without direct through gaps.

2. The shielding block according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thickness of the protruding layer (1) and / or the adjacent layer (2) in the axial direction is 1 / (n+2) to 1 / (n-2) of the thickness of the shielding block in the axial direction, where n is the sum of the number of the protruding layer (1) and the adjacent layer (2) in the axial direction.

3. The shielding block according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first shielding block (3) and the second shielding block (4) have the same thickness in the axial direction.

4. The shielding block according to claim 3, characterized in that, The thickness of the adjacent layer (2) and / or the protruding layer (1) is 20%-60% of the thickness of the shielding block.

5. The shielding block according to claim 1, characterized in that, The protruding layer (1) is an octagonal prism, and the adjacent layer (2) is a quadrangular prism.

6. The shielding block according to any one of claims 3-4, characterized in that, The thickness of the shielding block is 30mm-2000mm, and the minimum circumferential radius of the axial projection of the protruding layer (1) is 25mm-1000mm.

7. The shielding block according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The protruding layer (1) and the adjacent layer (2) are integrally formed or formed in multiple steps.

8. The shielding block according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The protruding layer (1) and the adjacent layer (2) are made of the same or different materials.

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