A triboelectric nanogenerator for pipelines

Abstract

The present invention discloses a triboelectric nanogenerator for pipelines, relating to the technical field of pipeline power generation devices. The generator comprises a fixed structure and a movable structure. The fixed structure is connected to the pipeline, and the movable structure and the fixed structure are capable of relative movement. The fixed structure includes a plurality of first friction plates, and the movable structure includes a plurality of second friction plates. The first and second friction plates have opposite polarities. During relative movement between the movable structure and the fixed structure, the first surfaces of the first friction plates and the second friction plates can come into contact and separate. The second surfaces of the first and second friction plates are respectively provided with electrodes. Based on the principles of triboelectric charging and electrostatic induction coupling, the present invention fully utilizes the energy of the fluid to convert the fluid's kinetic energy into electrical energy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of pipeline power generation devices, and in particular to a generator based on friction electrification and electrostatic induction coupling. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, industrial development has been rapid worldwide. Factories are equipped with numerous pipelines to transport a variety of liquid and gaseous raw materials, such as oxygen and distilled water, and to discharge exhaust gases and waste. People now rely on pipelines for natural gas and domestic water in their daily lives. Pipelines are ubiquitous. Many industrial fluids are hazardous and require real-time monitoring. Natural gas and natural water usage in daily life also requires household records. Therefore, measuring parameters such as flow rate, liquid level, and temperature in pipelines is crucial, requiring numerous sensors. Powering these sensors requires minimal power but long-term operation. Using traditional chemical batteries to power these sensors is challenging, as they have limited capacity, require frequent replacement, and incur high maintenance costs. Furthermore, in the presence of industrial raw materials, chemical batteries are prone to leakage, resulting in serious consequences. When pipelines transport fluids, the pressure level usually needs to be adjusted. Lowering the pressure level will inevitably result in energy waste. Pipeline generator technology can convert the wasted fluid energy in the pipeline into electrical energy. On the one hand, it can fully power a large number of sensors, and on the other hand, it can collect excess energy to make full use of resources.

[0003] Due to the limited volume inside the pipeline, the size and installation of the pipeline generator are important issues that cannot be ignored. If the volume is too large, it will affect the transmission of the fluid. Therefore, it is necessary to design a small pipeline generator that can efficiently and effectively collect fluid energy without any impact. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a friction nanogenerator for pipelines to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art. Based on the principles of friction electrification and electrostatic induction coupling, the energy of the fluid is fully utilized to convert the fluid kinetic energy into electrical energy.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:

[0006] The present invention provides a friction nanogenerator for a pipeline, comprising a fixing mechanism and a moving mechanism, wherein the fixing mechanism is used to connect to the pipeline, and the moving mechanism and the fixing mechanism can move relative to each other, the fixing structure comprises a plurality of first friction plates, and the moving mechanism comprises a plurality of second friction plates, the polarity of the first friction plates and the second friction plates being opposite, and when the moving mechanism and the fixing mechanism move relative to each other, the first surface of the first friction plate and the first surface of the second friction plate can come into contact and separate, and the second surface of the first friction plate and the second surface of the second friction plate are respectively provided with electrodes.

[0007] Preferably, the first friction plate is a cathode friction plate, and the second friction plate is an anode friction plate;

[0008] Alternatively, the first friction plate is an anode friction plate, and the second friction plate is a cathode friction plate.

[0009] Preferably, the number of the first friction plates and the second friction plates is the same, the first friction plates and the second friction plates are both annular, and the width of the first friction plates, the width of the second friction plates, the spacing between adjacent first friction plates, and the spacing between adjacent second friction plates are all the same.

[0010] Preferably, the fixing mechanism further includes a movable track, a plurality of the first friction plates are arranged at equal intervals along the axial direction of the movable track on the inner wall of the movable track, one end of the movable track is closed, and the movable mechanism is arranged in the movable track and is slidably and sealedly connected to the movable track.

[0011] Preferably, the fixing mechanism further includes a bracket, and one end of the movable track is connected to the pipeline through the bracket.

[0012] Preferably, a limit stop is provided at the other end of the movable track.

[0013] Preferably, the moving mechanism further includes a piston and a friction plate seat, the inner end of the piston is close to the outer end of the friction plate seat, and a plurality of second friction plates are arranged at equal intervals along the axial direction of the friction plate seat on the outer wall of the friction plate seat.

[0014] Preferably, the moving mechanism also includes a piston seat, the piston and the friction plate seat are both mounted on the outside of the piston seat, the inner end of the friction plate seat is connected to the inner end of the piston seat through a baffle, and the outer end of the friction plate seat is provided with a protrusion, and the inner end of the protrusion is in contact with the outer end of the piston seat.

[0015] Preferably, the relative movement direction between the moving mechanism and the fixing mechanism is parallel to the axis of the pipeline.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has achieved the following technical effects:

[0017] This invention, based on the principles of triboelectric charging and electrostatic induction coupling, incorporates multiple pairs of friction plates with different polarities to improve generator efficiency. Because the velocity of the fluid in the pipeline is not constant, it affects the efficiency of conventional generators. This invention exploits this unstable fluid velocity and employs a piston mechanism, achieving both sealing and fully utilizing the fluid's energy. This simplifies the structure while improving generator efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of a triboelectric nanogenerator for a pipeline according to the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 This is an exploded view of the triboelectric nanogenerator for a pipeline according to the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 A side view of the triboelectric nanogenerator for a pipeline according to the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 for Figure 3 AA section view;

[0023] Among them: 1-pipe, 2-bracket, 3-movable track, 4-piston seat, 5-first screw, 6-limit baffle, 7-second screw, 8-piston, 9-second friction plate, 10-friction plate seat, 11-baffle, 12-third screw, 13-first friction plate, 14-fourth screw. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a friction nanogenerator for pipelines to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art. Based on the principles of friction electrification and electrostatic induction coupling, the energy of the fluid is fully utilized to convert the fluid kinetic energy into electrical energy.

[0026] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0027] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown: This embodiment provides a friction nanogenerator for a pipeline, including a fixing mechanism and a moving mechanism. The fixing mechanism is used to connect to the pipeline 1. The function of the fixing mechanism is to fix the main part of the generator on the pipeline 1. The moving mechanism and the fixing mechanism can move relative to each other. The function of the moving mechanism is to make two friction plates with different polarities continuously contact and separate, thereby generating electricity. The relative movement direction of the moving mechanism and the fixing mechanism is parallel to the axis of the pipeline 1; the fixed structure includes a plurality of first friction plates 13, and the moving mechanism includes a plurality of second friction plates 9. The polarity of the first friction plates 13 and the second friction plates 9 are opposite. When the moving mechanism and the fixing mechanism move relative to each other, the first surface of the first friction plate 13 and the first surface of the second friction plate 9 can contact and separate. The second surface of the first friction plate 13 and the second surface of the second friction plate 9 are respectively provided with electrodes, and the external circuit is connected to the first friction plate 13 and the second friction plate 9, respectively.

[0028] Specifically, in this embodiment, the first friction plate 13 is a cathode friction plate, and the second friction plate 9 is an anode friction plate; or, the first friction plate 13 is an anode friction plate, and the second friction plate 9 is a cathode friction plate.

[0029] In this embodiment, the number of the first friction plates 13 and the second friction plates 9 is the same, and preferably there are six first friction plates 13 and second friction plates 9. The first friction plates 13 and the second friction plates 9 are both annular, and the width of the first friction plates 13, the width of the second friction plates 9, the spacing between adjacent first friction plates 13, and the spacing between adjacent second friction plates 9 are all the same, thereby ensuring that the first friction plates 13 and the second friction plates 9 can continuously contact and separate during relative motion, thereby continuously generating electricity.

[0030] In this embodiment, the fixing mechanism also includes a movable track 3 and a bracket 2. The movable track 3 and the bracket 2 are in direct contact with the fluid and are made of stainless steel to increase their service life. A number of first friction plates 13 are arranged at equal intervals along the axial direction of the movable track 3 on the inner wall of the movable track 3. One end of the movable track 3 is closed. The movable mechanism is arranged in the movable track 3 and is slidably and sealedly connected to the movable track 3. The closed end of the movable track 3 is connected to the bracket 2 by a fourth screw 14, and the bracket 2 is connected to the pipeline 1 by a second screw 7. A limit baffle 6 is provided at the other end of the movable track 3. The limit baffle 6 is connected to the movable track 3 by a first screw 5. The limit baffle 6 is used to limit the position of the movable mechanism.

[0031] In this embodiment, the movable mechanism further includes a piston 8 and a friction plate holder 10. The piston 8 is slidably and hermetically connected to the movable track 3 to prevent leakage or water ingress within the movable track 3. The inner end of the piston 8 is adjacent to the outer end of the friction plate holder 10, and a plurality of second friction plates 9 are equidistantly spaced along the axial direction of the friction plate holder 10 on the outer wall of the friction plate holder 10. Due to the sealing properties of the piston 8, the pressure within the movable track 3 (referring to the pressure in the space formed by the inner wall of the movable track 3, the baffle 11, and the closed end of the movable track 3) is changed by the movement of the movable mechanism. When the fluid flow rate is high, the movable mechanism moves inward significantly, compressing its internal space and causing excessive internal pressure. When the fluid flow rate slows, the external pressure decreases, causing the movable mechanism to move outward. At this time, to prevent the movable mechanism from moving too far back, the limit baffle 6 restricts the movable mechanism from falling out of the movable track 3, ensuring normal engine operation.

[0032] In this embodiment, the moving mechanism also includes a piston seat 4, and the piston 8 and the friction plate seat 10 are both sleeved on the outside of the piston seat 4. The piston seat 4 is a stepped shaft. The smaller diameter part of the piston seat 4 corresponds to the friction plate seat 10, and the friction plate seat 10 and the piston seat 4 are over-fitted. The inner end of the friction plate seat 10 is connected to the inner end of the piston seat 4 through a baffle 11. Several third screws 12 pass through the baffle 11 and the friction plate seat 10 or the baffle 11 and the piston seat 4 respectively to realize the axial positioning of the friction plate seat 10 and the piston seat 4; the larger diameter part of the piston seat 4 corresponds to the piston 8, and the piston 8 and the piston seat 4 are interference fit. The outer end of the friction plate seat 10 is provided with a protrusion, the inner end of the protrusion contacts the outer end of the piston seat 4, and the outer end of the protrusion is arranged relative to the inner end of the limit baffle 6.

[0033] In this embodiment, the connection is performed by using the first screw 5 , the second screw 7 , the third screw 12 and the fourth screw 14 , which reduces manufacturing expenses and lowers costs.

[0034] This embodiment structurally realizes the conversion of mechanical energy of the fluid in the pipeline 1 into electrical energy, and can convert energy in the surrounding environment into electrical energy for storage or directly power a large number of sensors in the pipeline 1.

[0035] A friction nanogenerator is a device that can convert other forms of energy, such as water flow energy, air flow energy, and energy released by fuel combustion, into electrical energy. It has a simple structure and a small size, which can meet the requirements of the present invention.

[0036] When a fluid in the pipe 1 with a certain and non-constant speed passes through, the fluid impacts the piston seat 4. The impact force of the fluid drives the moving mechanism to displace relative to the movable track 3. The second friction plate 9 on the surface of the moving mechanism will come into contact and separate with the first friction plate 13 inside the movable track 3. The piston 8 is used as a seal. Since the speed of the fluid is not constant and the greater the distance the moving mechanism moves in the direction of fluid movement, the greater the pressure inside the movable track 3. When the air pressure inside the movable track 3 is greater than the impact force of the external fluid, the moving mechanism moves in the opposite direction and returns to its initial position. When the moving mechanism returns to its initial position, During the process, the friction plates of the two polarities keep contacting and separating again. Based on the principle of friction electrification and electrostatic induction coupling, the surfaces of the first friction plate 13 and the second friction plate 9 will generate static charges due to friction electrification; and when the first friction plate 13 and the second friction plate 9 are separated, the positive and negative charges generated by friction electrification are also separated, and an induced potential difference is generated between the two electrodes of the first friction plate 13 and the second friction plate 9. The induced potential difference drives electrons to flow between the two electrodes through the external circuit, thereby forming an electric current, realizing the conversion of fluid kinetic energy into electrical energy to power a large number of sensors in the pipeline 1, and the excess electrical energy can also be stored.

[0037] This specification uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The above examples are only intended to help understand the method and core concept of the present invention. At the same time, those skilled in the art will find that the specific implementation methods and application scopes may vary based on the concept of the present invention. In summary, the contents of this specification should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

Claims

1. A triboelectric nanogenerator for a pipeline, characterized by: The invention comprises a fixing mechanism and a moving mechanism, wherein the fixing mechanism is used to connect to the pipeline, and the moving mechanism and the fixing mechanism are capable of relative movement. The fixing mechanism includes a plurality of first friction plates, and the moving mechanism includes a plurality of second friction plates. The polarity of the first friction plates and the second friction plates are opposite. When the moving mechanism and the fixing mechanism move relative to each other, the first surface of the first friction plate and the first surface of the second friction plate can come into contact with and separate from each other. The second surface of the first friction plate and the second surface of the second friction plate are respectively provided with electrodes. The moving mechanism further includes a piston and a friction plate seat, wherein the inner end of the piston is close to the outer end of the friction plate seat, and a plurality of second friction plates are arranged on the outer wall of the friction plate seat at equal intervals along the axial direction of the friction plate seat; The moving mechanism also includes a piston seat, the piston and the friction plate seat are both sleeved on the outside of the piston seat, the inner end of the friction plate seat is connected to the inner end of the piston seat through a baffle, and the outer end of the friction plate seat is provided with a protrusion, and the inner end of the protrusion is in contact with the outer end of the piston seat.

2. The triboelectric nanogenerator for pipelines according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first friction plate is a cathode friction plate, and the second friction plate is an anode friction plate; or, the first friction plate is an anode friction plate, and the second friction plate is a cathode friction plate.

3. The triboelectric nanogenerator for pipelines according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of the first friction plates and the second friction plates is the same, the first friction plates and the second friction plates are both annular, the width of the first friction plates, the width of the second friction plates, the spacing between adjacent first friction plates, and the spacing between adjacent second friction plates are all the same.

4. The triboelectric nanogenerator for pipelines according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixing mechanism also includes a movable track, a plurality of first friction plates are arranged at equal intervals along the axial direction of the movable track on the inner wall of the movable track, one end of the movable track is closed, and the moving mechanism is arranged in the movable track and is slidably and sealedly connected to the movable track.

5. The triboelectric nanogenerator for pipelines according to claim 4, characterized in that: The fixing mechanism further comprises a bracket, and one end of the movable track is connected to the pipeline via the bracket.

6. The triboelectric nanogenerator for pipelines according to claim 4, characterized in that: A limit baffle is provided at the other end of the movable track.

7. The triboelectric nanogenerator for pipelines according to claim 1, characterized in that: The relative movement direction between the moving mechanism and the fixing mechanism is parallel to the axis of the pipeline.

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