Converter primary flue gas quenching fire extinguishing waste heat recovery method and device

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of waste heat recovery facilities for steelmaking converters in steelmaking enterprises, and specifically to a converter primary flue gas quenching and fire extinguishing waste heat recovery method and device. Flue gas at the outlet of the vaporization cooling flue, with a temperature of 900-1000°C, enters a radiant waste heat boiler for radiative heat exchange, and the heat recovered is recycled. Flue gas at the outlet of the radiant waste heat boiler, with a temperature of 660-700°C, enters a water-cooling chamber, which extinguishes open flames and fire starters carried by dust. The flue gas, with these fire starters eliminated, then enters a convection waste heat boiler through a gas pipeline for convection heat exchange. This heat exchange reduces the flue gas temperature from 550-600°C to approximately 200°C, and the heat recovered is recycled. The present invention eliminates open flames and fire starters in the flue gas through the water-cooling chamber, avoiding the risk of explosion below the ignition point and effectively improving system safety. Simultaneously, the radiant and convection waste heat boilers fully recover the low-temperature waste heat in the converter flue gas, effectively reducing the production cost of steel products.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of waste heat recovery facilities for steelmaking converters in steel enterprises, and in particular to a method and device for recovering waste heat from converters using primary flue gas quenching and fire extinguishing methods. Background Art

[0002] Currently, the primary flue gas temperature at the outlet of the vaporization cooling flue of a conventional converter is 900°C to 1000°C. The flue gas then enters a wet or dry dust removal system, where it is typically cooled to around 200°C by water spraying before subsequent purification and recovery. During this process, the waste heat from the flue gas between 900°C and 200°C is not recovered, resulting in a significant waste of high-quality waste heat resources. Recovering this waste heat would significantly reduce the production cost of steel products. The main reason this waste heat is not currently recovered is the risk of explosion in the medium and low temperature ranges of converter gas. Therefore, it is necessary to explore a method to recover and utilize as much of this heat as possible while ensuring safety.

[0003] Combustible gas thermodynamics shows that for a gas explosion to occur, the following three conditions must be met simultaneously: 1) the mixture ratio of carbon monoxide to oxygen or air must be within the explosive limit; 2) the carbon monoxide and oxygen or air must be premixed below their ignition point (605-650°C); and 3) there must be an open flame or a sufficiently energetic fire source. Therefore, to avoid explosion risks, measures must be taken to negate at least one of these conditions, while also recovering as much of the low- to medium-temperature waste heat as possible. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a converter primary flue gas quenching and fire extinguishing waste heat recovery method and device, which can recover and utilize as much heat in the range of 900-200°C in the flue gas as possible under the premise of ensuring safety.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution of the present invention is a converter primary flue gas quenching and fire extinguishing type waste heat recovery device, including a radiation waste heat boiler, a convection waste heat boiler and a water-cooling chamber for eliminating open flames and fire sources carried by dust in the flue gas. The flue gas inlet of the radiation waste heat boiler is connected to the vaporization cooling flue, the flue gas outlet of the radiation waste heat boiler is connected to the flue gas inlet of the water-cooling chamber, and the flue gas outlet of the water-cooling chamber is connected to the flue gas inlet of the convection waste heat boiler through a gas pipeline.

[0006] As one of the implementation modes, the flue gas outlet of the radiation waste heat boiler is connected to the flue gas inlet of the water-cooling chamber through a compensator.

[0007] As one of the embodiments, the water-cooling chamber includes a chamber body and a convergent nozzle. Water is contained at the bottom of the chamber body, and the convergent nozzle is provided at the top of the chamber body. The large opening at the upper end of the convergent nozzle is connected to the flue gas outlet of the radiation waste heat boiler, and the small opening at the lower end of the convergent nozzle is located above the liquid level; the flue gas outlet on the side of the chamber body is connected to the flue gas inlet of the convection waste heat boiler through a gas pipeline.

[0008] As one of the implementation modes, the water-cooling chamber is further connected to a water supply system for supplying water to the bottom thereof.

[0009] As one of the implementation modes, an explosion relief valve is installed on the side wall of the water cooling chamber, and the explosion relief valve is located above the liquid level.

[0010] As one of the implementation modes, the bottom of the water cooling chamber is connected to the mud storage tank through a sewage pipe, and a sewage valve is provided on the sewage pipe.

[0011] As one of the implementation modes, the bottom of the water-cooling chamber body is an inverted cone structure.

[0012] The present invention further provides a converter primary flue gas quenching and fire extinguishing waste heat recovery method, which uses the above-mentioned converter primary flue gas quenching and fire extinguishing waste heat recovery device, and the method comprises the following steps:

[0013] 1) During converter smelting, the flue gas with an outlet temperature of 900-1000°C at the tail end of the vaporization cooling flue enters the radiation waste heat boiler. After radiation heat exchange, the flue gas is cooled and its temperature drops to 660-700°C. The heat obtained by heat exchange is recovered and reused;

[0014] 2) The flue gas at the outlet of the radiation waste heat boiler with a temperature of 660-700℃ enters the water-cooled chamber, is accelerated by the converging nozzle, and enters the chamber at a high speed. The open flames and fire starters carried by the dust in the flue gas settle due to inertia and fall into the water at the bottom of the chamber and are extinguished. The flue gas with the open flames and fire starters eliminated flows to the outlet on the side of the chamber.

[0015] 3) The flue gas that has passed through the water-cooling chamber enters the convection waste heat boiler through the gas pipeline. The inlet temperature of the flue gas is 550-600°C. After convection heat transfer, the flue gas is cooled to 200°C, and the heat obtained by heat exchange is recycled;

[0016] 4) The flue gas after heat exchange in the convection waste heat boiler enters the subsequent process through the gas pipeline for further dust removal and recovery.

[0017] As one of the implementation methods, in step 2), the dust in the water that falls into the bottom of the chamber accumulates into sludge and is discharged into the sludge storage tank through the sewage pipe and the normally open sewage valve; when the sludge storage tank is full of sludge, the sewage valve is closed, the sludge storage tank full of sludge is replaced and replaced with an empty sludge storage tank, and then the sewage valve is opened to use the empty sludge storage tank to collect the sludge, and the sludge storage tank full of sludge is transported to the treatment plant for centralized treatment.

[0018] As one implementation method, in step 2), water is added to the water cooling chamber through the water supply system to keep the distance between the water level at the bottom of the water cooling chamber and the lower end opening of the tapered nozzle unchanged.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] (1) The present invention can fully recover the heat of the converter primary flue gas during the cooling process from 900°C to 200°C, effectively reducing the production cost of steel products;

[0021] (2) The present invention eliminates open flames and fire sources that can cause explosions in the flue gas through a water-cooling chamber, avoiding the risk of explosion below the ignition point (605-650°C), effectively improving the safety of the system;

[0022] (3) The water-cooling chamber of the present invention can remove some dust and reduce scaling of subsequent equipment;

[0023] (4) The water-cooling chamber of the present invention is mainly used to extinguish open flames and fires that can cause explosions. Therefore, the water replenishment system only needs to replenish the water lost by evaporation, and the water consumption is relatively small;

[0024] (5) In the present invention, the dust falling into the water at the bottom of the water-cooling chamber accumulates into sludge and is discharged into the sludge storage tank. It is only necessary to replace the sludge storage tank regularly and transport the sludge storage tank filled with sludge to the treatment plant for centralized treatment. There is no need to treat the sludge on site.

[0025] (6) The present invention is designed based on the layout and space of the existing converter primary flue gas dry purification and recovery process. It has a simple structure and is suitable for new construction and renovation projects. It can effectively reduce investment and shorten the renovation cycle. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0027] Figure 1Schematic diagram of a converter primary flue gas quenching and fire extinguishing waste heat recovery device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a water-cooling chamber provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 is another schematic diagram of a water-cooling chamber provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] In the figure: 1. Vaporization cooling flue; 2. Radiant waste heat boiler; 3. Compensator; 4. Water-cooling chamber; 4-1. Chamber body; 4-2. Converging nozzle; 4-3. Water; 4-4. Water baffle; 4-5. Wire mesh; 4-6. Explosion relief valve; 5. Water supply system; 6. Blowdown valve; 7. Mud storage tank; 8. Gas pipeline; 9. Convection waste heat boiler. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship, are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0033] Example 1

[0034] like Figure 1As shown, this embodiment provides a converter primary flue gas quenching and fire extinguishing type waste heat recovery device, including a radiation waste heat boiler 2, a convection waste heat boiler 9 and a water-cooling chamber 4 for eliminating open flames and fire sources carried by dust in the flue gas. The flue gas inlet of the radiation waste heat boiler 2 is connected to the vaporization cooling flue 1, the flue gas outlet of the radiation waste heat boiler 2 is connected to the flue gas inlet of the water-cooling chamber 4, the flue gas outlet of the water-cooling chamber 4 is connected to the flue gas inlet of the convection waste heat boiler 9 through a gas pipeline 8, and the flue gas outlet of the convection waste heat boiler 9 is connected to the dust removal equipment through the gas pipeline 8. This embodiment eliminates open flames and fire sources that could cause explosions in the converter primary flue gas through the water-cooling chamber 4, thereby solving the problem of flue gas being prone to explosion below the ignition point (605-650°C). This effectively improves the safety of the converter primary flue gas waste heat recovery device. At the same time, the heat generated by the converter gas during the cooling process from 900°C to 200°C is fully recovered through heat exchange between the radiation waste heat boiler 2 and the convection waste heat boiler 9, thereby achieving the purpose of reducing the production cost of steel products.

[0035] Optimally, the flue gas outlet of the radiation waste heat boiler 2 is connected to the flue gas inlet of the water cooling chamber 4 through a compensator 3. The radiation waste heat boiler 2 and the water cooling chamber 4 are connected through the compensator 3 to absorb the thermal displacement of the equipment and avoid damage to the equipment.

[0036] Refine the above embodiment, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the water-cooling chamber 4 includes a chamber body 4-1 and a convergent nozzle 4-2. Water 4-3 is contained in the bottom of the chamber body 4-1, and the convergent nozzle 4-2 is provided on the top of the chamber body 4-1. The upper large opening of the convergent nozzle 4-2 is connected to the flue gas outlet of the radiation waste heat boiler 2, and the lower small opening of the convergent nozzle 4-2 is located above the liquid level; the flue gas outlet on the side of the chamber body 4-1 is connected to the flue gas inlet of the convection waste heat boiler 9 through the gas pipe 8. Flue gas from the radiant waste heat boiler 2 enters the converging nozzle 4-2 through the large opening at the upper end of the converging nozzle 4-2. Accelerated by the converging nozzle 4-2, the flue gas then enters the chamber 4-1 at a high speed through the smaller opening at the lower end of the converging nozzle 4-2. Flames and large fire starters carried by dust in the flue gas settle due to inertia and fall into the water 4-3 at the bottom of the water-cooling chamber 4, where they are extinguished. The flue gas, free of flames and fire starters, then passes through the flue gas outlet on the side of the chamber 4-1, through the gas pipeline 8, and enters the convection waste heat boiler 9 for heat exchange. Furthermore, since the flue gas does not come into contact with the water at the bottom of the water-cooling chamber 4 over a large area, heat loss from the flue gas in the water-cooling chamber 4 is minimal.

[0037] Furthermore, the chamber body 4-1 is also connected to a water supply system 5 for supplying water to its bottom. The end of the water supply system 5 is located above the liquid level in the chamber body 4-1 and is provided with a nozzle. The water supply system 5 supplies water into the water-cooling chamber 4 at a certain rate through the nozzle to replenish the water loss at the bottom of the water-cooling chamber 4 caused by heat exchange evaporation, thereby maintaining a constant distance between the water level at the bottom of the chamber body 4-1 and the flue gas outlet of the converging nozzle 4-2. After the flue gas is accelerated by the converging nozzle 4-2, the open flames and large-particle fire starters carried by the dust in the flue gas settle under the action of inertia and can fall into the water at the bottom of the water-cooling chamber 4 and be extinguished.

[0038] Optimize the above water cooling chamber 4, such as Figure 3 As shown, the chamber 4-1 is provided with several annular water baffles 4-4. These annular water baffles 4-4 are located above the small opening at the lower end of the converging nozzle 4-2 and below the flue gas outlet on the side of the chamber 4-1. The annular water baffles 4-4 are spaced apart between the outer wall of the bottom of the converging nozzle 4-2 and the inner wall of the chamber 4-1. Flue gas enters the chamber 4-1 at high speed from the small opening at the lower end of the converging nozzle 4-2, then flows upward through the water baffles 4-4 and into the gas pipeline 8 through the flue gas outlet on the side of the chamber 4-1. The water baffles 4-4 prevent water entrained by the flue gas flow and small amounts of unextinguished fire from entering the gas pipeline 8, further improving system safety. Furthermore, the water baffles 4-4 are curved plates with at least one bend, which increases contact between the flue gas and the water baffles 4-4, allowing more water and fire in the flue gas to be retained by the water baffles 4-4. A number of connecting rods can be arranged circumferentially at intervals along the bottom of the convergent nozzle 4-2 below the several annular water baffles 4-4, and the two ends of the connecting rods can be fixed to the outer wall of the bottom of the convergent nozzle 4-2 and the inner wall of the chamber body 4-1 respectively. The bottom of each water baffle 4-4 can be fixed to the several connecting rods respectively, so that the several annular water baffles 4-4 are fixed at a position above the small opening at the lower end of the convergent nozzle 4-2 and below the smoke outlet on the side of the chamber body 4-1.

[0039] For further optimization, a wire mesh 4-5 is further provided in the chamber body 4-1, and the wire mesh 4-5 is located above the water retaining plate 4-4 and below the smoke outlet on the side of the chamber body 4-1. Figure 3As shown, smoke enters chamber 4-1 at high speed from the smoke outlet of the converging nozzle 4-2, then flows upward, passing through water baffle 4-4 and wire mesh 4-5, before entering gas pipeline 8 through the smoke outlet on the side of chamber 4-1. The addition of wire mesh 4-5 can further intercept escaping fire with a certain energy that could cause an explosion, ensuring that smoke entering gas pipeline 8 does not carry fire sufficient to cause an explosion. Specifically, wire mesh 4-5 can be annular, with the inner ring secured to the outer wall of converging nozzle 4-2 and the outer ring secured to the inner wall of chamber 4-1. The tops of each water baffle 4-4 can also be secured to wire mesh 4-5, further improving the stability of water baffle 4-4. The water supply system 5 can have multiple nozzles at the end, arranged above wire mesh 4-5 and surrounding converging nozzle 4-2. When not recovering gas, the water supply system 5 flushes wire mesh 4-5 to prevent clogging.

[0040] Optimally, an explosion relief valve 4-6 is installed on the side wall of the chamber body 4-1, and the explosion relief valve 4-6 is located above the liquid level. When the pressure in the chamber body 4-1 exceeds the set value, the explosion relief valve 4-6 opens to release the pressure, thereby ensuring the safety of the equipment.

[0041] Furthermore, the bottom of the chamber 4-1 is connected to a sludge storage tank 7 via a drain pipe. This drain pipe is equipped with a drain valve 6, which is normally open. Dust that falls into the water at the bottom of the chamber 4-1 accumulates into sludge, which then flows through the drain pipe and the normally open drain valve 6 into the sludge storage tank 7. When the sludge storage tank 7 is full, the drain valve 6 is closed, the filled sludge storage tank 7 is replaced with an empty one, and the drain valve 6 is then opened to collect the sludge from the empty one. The filled sludge storage tank 7 is then transported to a treatment plant for centralized processing. Optimally, the bottom of the chamber 4-1 has an inverted conical structure to facilitate the discharge of sludge from the bottom of the water-cooled chamber 4.

[0042] Example 2

[0043] like Figure 1-Figure 3 As shown, this embodiment provides a converter primary flue gas quenching and fire extinguishing waste heat recovery method, using the converter primary flue gas quenching and fire extinguishing waste heat recovery device of Example 1. The method includes the following steps:

[0044] 1) Radiant waste heat boiler 2 recovers waste heat from the medium temperature section: During converter smelting, flue gas with a temperature of 900-1000°C at the tail outlet of vaporization cooling flue 1 enters radiant waste heat boiler 2. The flue gas undergoes radiation heat exchange in radiant waste heat boiler 2, cooling the temperature to 660-700°C. The heat obtained from the heat exchange is then recycled.

[0045] 2) Water-cooling chamber 4 eliminates open flames and fire: Flue gas at the outlet of the radiant waste heat boiler 2, at an outlet temperature of 660-700°C, enters the water-cooling chamber 4. It is accelerated by the converging nozzle 4-2 and enters the chamber 4-1 at high speed. Open flames and fire carried by dust in the flue gas settle due to inertia and fall into the water at the bottom of the chamber 4-1, where they are extinguished. The flue gas with the open flames and fire eliminated enters the gas pipeline 8 through the outlet on the side of the chamber 4-1. Since open flames and fire in the flue gas are eliminated in the water-cooling chamber 4, the risk of explosion below the ignition point (605-650°C) is avoided, effectively improving system safety. Furthermore, since the flue gas does not come into contact with the water at the bottom of the water-cooling chamber 4 over a large area, the heat loss of the flue gas in the water-cooling chamber 4 is minimal.

[0046] 3) Convection waste heat boiler 9 recovers low-temperature waste heat: The flue gas passing through the water-cooling chamber 4 enters the convection waste heat boiler 9 through the gas pipeline 8. The flue gas inlet temperature is 550-600°C. Through convection heat exchange in the convection waste heat boiler 9, the flue gas is cooled to about 200°C. The heat obtained by heat exchange is recovered and reused;

[0047] 4) Subsequent dust removal and recovery of flue gas: The flue gas after heat exchange in the convection waste heat boiler 9 enters the subsequent process through the gas pipeline 8 for further dust removal and recovery.

[0048] Furthermore, in step 2), the dust falling into the water at the bottom of the chamber body 4-1 accumulates into sludge and is discharged into the sludge storage tank 7 through the sewage pipe and the normally open sewage valve 6; when the sludge storage tank 7 is full of sludge, the sewage valve 6 is closed, the sludge storage tank 7 full of sludge is replaced and replaced with an empty sludge storage tank 7, and then the sewage valve 6 is opened and the empty sludge storage tank 7 is used to collect the sludge, and the sludge storage tank 7 full of sludge is transported to the treatment plant for centralized treatment.

[0049] Since the water at the bottom of the water-cooling chamber 4 is continuously evaporated due to heat exchange, resulting in water loss, in step 2), water is replenished into the chamber body 4-1 at a certain rate through the water replenishment system 5 to maintain a constant distance between the water level at the bottom of the chamber body 4-1 and the small opening at the lower end of the convergent nozzle 4-2. As a result, after the flue gas is accelerated by the convergent nozzle 4-2, the open flames and large particles of fire carried by the dust in the flue gas settle under the action of inertia and can fall into the water at the bottom of the water-cooling chamber 4 and be extinguished.

[0050] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A converter primary flue gas quenching and fire extinguishing waste heat recovery device, characterized by: The radiant heat boiler comprises a radiation waste heat boiler, a convection waste heat boiler and a water-cooled chamber for eliminating open flames and fire sources carried by dust in the flue gas. The flue gas inlet of the radiation waste heat boiler is connected to the vaporization cooling flue, the flue gas outlet of the radiation waste heat boiler is connected to the flue gas inlet of the water-cooled chamber, and the flue gas outlet of the water-cooled chamber is connected to the flue gas inlet of the convection waste heat boiler through a gas pipeline; the water-cooled chamber comprises a chamber body and a convergent nozzle, the bottom of the chamber body is filled with water, the top of the chamber body is provided with the convergent nozzle, the upper end large opening of the convergent nozzle is connected to the radiation waste heat boiler The flue gas outlet of the boiler is connected, and the small opening at the lower end of the convergent nozzle is located above the liquid level; the flue gas outlet on the side of the chamber body is connected to the flue gas inlet of the convection waste heat boiler through a gas pipeline; the water-cooling chamber is also connected to a water supply system for supplying water to its bottom; a number of annular water baffles are arranged in the chamber body, and the several annular water baffles are located above the small opening at the lower end of the convergent nozzle and below the flue gas outlet on the side of the chamber body, and the several annular water baffles are arranged at intervals between the outer wall of the bottom of the convergent nozzle and the inner wall of the chamber body, and the water baffle is a zigzag plate with at least one bending portion.

2. The converter primary flue gas quenching and fire extinguishing waste heat recovery device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flue gas outlet of the radiation waste heat boiler is connected to the flue gas inlet of the water cooling chamber through a compensator.

3. The converter primary flue gas quenching and fire extinguishing waste heat recovery device according to claim 1, characterized in that: An explosion relief valve is installed on the side wall of the water cooling chamber, and the explosion relief valve is located above the liquid level.

4. The converter primary flue gas quenching and fire extinguishing waste heat recovery device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the water cooling chamber is communicated with the mud storage tank through a sewage pipe, and a sewage valve is provided on the sewage pipe.

5. The converter primary flue gas quenching and fire extinguishing waste heat recovery device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The bottom of the water-cooling chamber is an inverted cone structure.

6. A converter primary flue gas quenching and fire extinguishing waste heat recovery method, characterized in that: The converter primary flue gas quenching and fire extinguishing waste heat recovery device according to any one of claims 1 to 5 is used, and the method comprises the following steps: 1) During converter smelting, the flue gas with an outlet temperature of 900-1000°C at the tail end of the vaporization cooling flue enters the radiation waste heat boiler. After radiation heat exchange, the flue gas is cooled and its temperature drops to 660-700°C. The heat obtained by heat exchange is recycled; 2) The flue gas with an outlet temperature of 660-700℃ from the radiation waste heat boiler enters the water-cooled chamber, is accelerated by the converging nozzle, and enters the chamber at a high speed. The open flames and fire starters carried by the dust in the flue gas settle due to inertia and fall into the water at the bottom of the chamber and are extinguished. The flue gas with the open flames and fire starters eliminated flows to the outlet on the side of the chamber. 3) The flue gas that has passed through the water-cooling chamber enters the convection waste heat boiler through the gas pipeline. The inlet temperature of the flue gas is 550-600°C. After convection heat transfer, the flue gas is cooled to 200°C, and the heat obtained by heat exchange is recycled; 4) The flue gas after heat exchange in the convection waste heat boiler enters the subsequent process through the gas pipeline for further dust removal and recovery.

7. The converter primary flue gas quenching and fire extinguishing waste heat recovery method according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step 2), the dust in the water that falls into the bottom of the chamber accumulates into sludge and is discharged into the sludge storage tank through the sewage pipe and the normally open sewage valve; when the sludge storage tank is full of sludge, the sewage valve is closed, the sludge storage tank full of sludge is replaced and replaced with an empty sludge storage tank, and then the sewage valve is opened to use the empty sludge storage tank to collect the sludge, and the sludge storage tank full of sludge is transported to the treatment plant for centralized treatment.

8. The converter primary flue gas quenching and fire extinguishing waste heat recovery method according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step 2), water is added to the water cooling chamber through the water supply system so that the distance between the water level at the bottom of the water cooling chamber and the small opening at the lower end of the convergent nozzle remains unchanged.

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