A construction method for suction-forming holes in coral sand

Abstract

The present invention provides a construction method for suction drilling in coral sand. The method comprises a steerable metal tube with a smooth outer wall, a suction drill bit embedded in the head of the steerable metal tube; a fixed slot is provided on the inner wall of the steerable metal tube; a rotatable slot is hingedly connected to the inner wall of the steerable metal tube and located above the fixed slot; the upper surface of the fixed slot and the lower surface of the rotatable slot are provided with arc slide rails; and the upper portion of the rotatable slot is connected to a hydraulic telescopic shaft. This method avoids the high construction costs of drilling with traditional drilling rigs, meets construction requirements with minimal costs, is energy-efficient and environmentally friendly, and is a fast, low-cost, steerable coral sand drilling technology.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a suction drill bit device for suction-forming holes in coral sand and a construction method thereof, belonging to the field of multifunctional suction-forming hole construction in coral sand. Background Art

[0002] After the pile body with the expansion agent added is cast and condensed to form, if the expansion volume of the pile body, the high-pressure grouting volume, and whether there are cracks in the pile body cannot be accurately detected, the pile body strength will not meet the design requirements, and a huge engineering safety hazard will appear during the construction or use of the superstructure. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the aforementioned issues with the existing technology, the present invention provides a suction drill bit device and construction method for suction drilling in coral sand. This device utilizes high-pressure grouting, ultrasonic crushing, and a suction element to address the characteristics of coral sand. To address the diverse terrain, a cutting element is added to crush large coral sand particles. A suction element is provided at the drill bit to remove excess coral sand. A steering device is introduced to enhance the device's ability to create curved hole paths. This device avoids the high construction costs associated with traditional drilling rigs, achieving construction requirements with minimal effort. It is energy-efficient and environmentally friendly, resulting in a fast, low-cost, and steering-enabled drilling technology for coral sand.

[0004] In order to achieve the above-mentioned technical features, the purpose of the present invention is achieved as follows: a suction drill bit device for suction drilling in coral sand, which includes a steerable metal tube with a smooth outer wall, and the head of the steerable metal tube is embedded with a suction drill bit; the inner wall of the steerable metal tube is provided with a fixed card slot, and the inner wall of the steerable metal tube is hinged with a rotatable card slot located on the upper part of the fixed card slot, and the upper plane of the fixed card slot and the lower plane of the rotatable card slot are provided with arc slide rails; the upper part of the rotatable card slot is connected to a hydraulic telescopic shaft.

[0005] The suction drill bit is constructed by embedding multiple different functional devices. The top protrusion of the suction drill bit is a drill bit protrusion. The upper and lower planes of the drill bit protrusion are provided with rolling wheels formed by rolling bearings. The upper plane of the drill bit protrusion is a steerable metal tube. The inner wall of the steerable metal tube is evenly distributed with four hydraulic telescopic shafts on the same plane. The four hydraulic telescopic shafts are rigidly connected to four metal horizontal supports respectively. The metal horizontal supports are hinged to the inner wall of the steerable metal tube. The suction drill bit is provided with a steering device, an ultrasonic power element, a cutting element and a suction power element. The bottom end of the suction drill bit is embedded with a GPS positioning system.

[0006] The steerable metal tube is composed of a double-layer tube structure. The outer metal tube is made of a section of large-diameter short metal cylinder connected to a section of small-diameter short metal cylinder and then to a section of large-diameter short metal cylinder in a reciprocating cycle. The wall thickness of the outer metal tube is thick. The large-diameter short metal cylinder and the small-diameter short metal cylinder are connected by a horizontal short metal plate. The horizontal short metal plate is connected to the large-diameter short metal cylinder and the small-diameter short metal cylinder by a fan blade.

[0007] The inner metal tube of the steerable metal tube is a metal hose, which is made by connecting a short metal hose with a large diameter to a short metal hose with a small diameter and then to a short metal hose with a large diameter in a reciprocating cycle. The wall thickness of the inner metal hose is thinner than that of the outer metal cylinder, and the diameter of the inner metal hose is smaller than that of the outer metal cylinder.

[0008] The large-diameter short metal hose and the small-diameter short metal hose of the metal hose are connected by a horizontal short metal plate, and the connection is sealed. At the same time, the connection of the inner metal hose and the connection of the outer metal tube are connected to each other to form a whole.

[0009] The rotatable card slot is composed of three parts: a metal oblique support, a metal horizontal support and a metal plate. The two metal oblique supports are located on both sides of the metal plate and are hinged to the metal plate. The metal horizontal support is overlapped between the two metal oblique supports and is hinged to each other.

[0010] The metal plate is a fan-shaped structure, one end of the metal plate is fixed to the inner wall of the outer metal tube, and the other end is hinged to one end of the metal oblique support. During the operation of the device, the metal oblique support and the metal plate form a triangular stable structure. A hydraulic telescopic shaft is fixed in the middle of the metal horizontal support to change the position of the steel bracket.

[0011] The distance between the fixed slot and the rotatable slot provided on the inner wall of the steerable metal tube is equal to the thickness of the drill bit protrusion; the fixed slot is a circular ring structure and is fixed to the lower end of the steerable metal tube, and the rotatable slot is above the fixed slot. The metal horizontal support of each rotatable slot is connected to the hydraulic telescopic shaft, and the upper plane of the fixed slot and the lower plane of the rotatable slot are provided with grooves of the same size at the same position.

[0012] The drill bit protrusion is fixed exactly in the middle of the groove of the upper plane of the fixed slot and the lower plane of the rotatable slot. A circle of circular tracks composed of multiple bearings are arranged on the upper and lower planes of the drill bit protrusion, and the circular tracks are embedded in the grooves on the slot;

[0013] The lower side of the drill bit protrusion is connected with a steerable metal tube, which surrounds the drill bit element in the same closed space.

[0014] The steering device is located at the center of the lower plane of the drill bit protrusion and consists of two hydraulic telescopic shafts and a connecting shaft. The two hydraulic telescopic shafts are arranged side by side, the upper part of the connecting shaft is hinged to the two hydraulic telescopic shafts, and the lower part of the connecting shaft is rigidly connected to the suction drill bit plate below.

[0015] A total of six elements, including ultrasonic power elements, cutting elements and suction power elements, are arranged at equal intervals at the lower end of the suction drill bit, and the elements with three functions are arranged in sequence.

[0016] The method for construction using a suction drill bit device for suction drilling in coral sand comprises the following steps:

[0017] Pile and anchor hole construction technology:

[0018] Step 1: Measure and lay out, prepare the working surface: Before drilling, the working surface must be cleaned and the pile and anchor positions must be measured and laid out. The position deviation must not exceed the requirements of the specification and design.

[0019] Step 2: Preparation of the drilling device: Use a crane to vertically lift the top of the casing, place the bottom of the casing on the bayonet of the operating table, reduce the diameter of the bayonet of the operating table until the casing is vertically fixed on the operating table, and release the crane; use the crane again to lift the suction device and vertically place it into the bottom of the casing along the top of the casing until the cone head of the drilling suction device extends out of the casing by at least 30 cm; at the same time, the outer claw of the crane clamps the upper end of the casing so that the suction device is located in the casing space, and ensure that the two move simultaneously without relative displacement during the subsequent drilling process;

[0020] Step 3: Crane in place: When the crane is in place, take measures to ensure that the center of the casing coincides with the center of the drill hole, and the deviation should not be greater than 20mm; after the crane is in place, keep it flat and stable, and take measures to fix it to ensure that there is no displacement or shaking during the suction process, otherwise it should be handled in time;

[0021] Step 4: Start the equipment to suction and form holes: the crane boom begins to move down slowly, and the motor is started to start the suction device for forming holes. The suction drill bit of the suction device contacts the coral sand, and the ultrasonic power element emits high-frequency, low-amplitude vibration energy and sprays a water column with a certain speed. The water column is used as a carrier for ultrasonic energy transmission, so that the contact points of the coral sand bonded together around the suction head are separated; when encountering large-grained reef rocks, the rotating blades in the cutting element break them up; the suction power element sucks and separates the loose coral sand; at the same time, the crane shaft starts to rotate at a certain speed, crushing, separating, and sucking the coral sand within the casing range in all directions, thereby forming a hole; as the suction device continues to form a hole downward, the casing moves downward together with the suction device to support the formed hole and prevent the surrounding coral sand from collapsing;

[0022] Step 5: Grouting and anchoring at the bottom of the casing: After the hole is drilled, the outer claw of the crane releases the upper end of the casing and lifts the suction device vertically from the casing. The two are separated, forming a cavity in the casing. The grouting pipe is inserted into the bottom of the casing and cement mortar mixed with fiber is pressed in. At the same time, it is ensured that the fiber cement mortar must have good workability. The side wall of the bottom end of the casing is a flower tube with holes. The pressed fiber cement mortar is sprayed into the pores of the coral sand from the bottom hole and the side wall, and gradually forms a large volume of coral sand cement mortar block with the surrounding coral sand;

[0023] Step 6: Pile and anchor formation: As the coral sand cement mortar block at the bottom gradually solidifies and forms a block with a certain strength, start pouring the expansion mortar. While pouring the expansion mortar, lift the casing upward until the casing is completely lifted out and the expansion mortar is completely poured into the hole.

[0024] Directional detection of deep piles:

[0025] Step 1, test target: After the pile is cast and condensed, due to the action of the expansion agent, the expansion diameter of the expansion section of the pile and whether the pile is cracked need to be tested;

[0026] Step 2: Detection position positioning: Locate the position to be detected according to the design drawings, plan the device drilling route according to the machine bending angle and length, and convert the drilling route into a GPS positioning route;

[0027] Step 3: Turn on the device: When the device is started, the ultrasonic power element, cutting element and suction power element in the suction drill bit work. The ultrasonic power element breaks the coral sand particles and vibrates the dense coral sand to loosen it. The cutting element further breaks the large coral sand into small particles. The suction power element extracts the coral sand particles and transports them to the land. The hole is slowly formed. At the same time, the inspection personnel adjust the length of the hydraulic telescopic shaft in the steering device according to the positioning displayed by the GPS positioning system in the suction drill bit. During the specific adjustment process, if the drill bit is to be rotated to the west, the east hydraulic telescopic shaft is extended and the west hydraulic telescopic shaft is shortened. The suction drill bit can be adjusted to move westward, thereby realizing the steering of the suction drill bit and forming a curved hole. The steerable metal tube behind the suction drill bit is connected by the fan blade through the short metal plate to form a large-diameter short metal cylinder and a small-diameter short metal cylinder in a loop, with a certain rotation angle, so that the steerable metal tube can follow the suction drill bit and provide a certain support for the formed hole.

[0028] Step 4: Hole formation: After the predetermined hole is formed, the hydraulic telescopic shaft on the rotatable slot is lifted, the rotatable slot is separated from the drill bit protrusion, and slowly approaches the pipe wall. The inspector then removes the drill bit from the hole by suction;

[0029] Step 5: Detect data: Use a high-definition camera to capture the internal shape of the pile surface. At the same time, the GPS positioning system of the high-definition camera will record the position in real time. The video will be processed later to determine whether the pile is broken and the expanded diameter of the pile.

[0030] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0031] 1. The ultrasonic energy conversion integrated block has strong penetrating ability and good directional performance. It can effectively propagate in liquid, solid and other media, effectively destroy the contact between coral sand, and produce strong impact and cavitation state.

[0032] 2. Utilizing a low-frequency, high-energy ultrasonic energy conversion manifold to crush coral sand, the ultrasonic energy gradually decreases as the distance it propagates through the medium increases. During this process, the ultrasonic wave can be converted into other forms of energy, such as heat. When propagating through coral sand, the ultrasonic wave encounters the heterogeneous medium. Due to imperfections in the medium and the material itself, the ultrasonic wave undergoes significant reflection and refraction. When these reflections and refractions hit the pores and cracks of the coral sand, they accumulate, creating stress concentrations at the crack tips. This leads to the collapse of the coral sand particles and the propagation of cracks. Combined with the continuous ultrasonic load, the coral sand is extremely susceptible to fragmentation. The heat energy converted from the ultrasonic wave is absorbed by the coral sand itself, accelerating the cracking process.

[0033] 3. The vibration frequency of the ultrasonic energy conversion integrated block is greater than 20KHz. People cannot hear or feel the sound waves in the natural environment, which reduces the damage of noise to the workers and the surrounding environment during the construction process.

[0034] 4. The suction device can be applied to the project of drilling in coral sand. The suction port sucks the coral sand particles to the land to form underground holes, avoiding the high construction cost of drilling with traditional drilling rigs. Suction drilling uses extremely low energy and meets the construction requirements with the least energy. It is energy-saving and environmentally friendly. It is a fast and low-cost drilling technology.

[0035] 5. The suction drill bit is embedded with a GPS positioning system. Based on the positioning system, construction workers can control the direction of the suction drill bit on land, thus realizing a precise and controllable excavation of curved channels. This can avoid the increase in construction volume caused by deep excavation of foundation soil over a large area and reduce the construction costs.

[0036] 6. The outer layer of the steerable metal tube uses a metal tube with high rigidity. When the device reaches the deeper coral sand, it protects the inside of the device from being squeezed and deformed by the pressure of the overlying coral sand. The inner layer uses a metal hose with high toughness, which enables the inner hose to be connected without using fan blades. At the same time, the inner metal hose and the outer metal tube are connected to each other section by section into a whole, relying on its own structure to achieve the steering function along with the outer metal tube.

[0037] 7. The outer wall of the metal tube of the suction device is smooth, which reduces the side friction resistance when the tube is drilled.

[0038] 8. If this method is used to drill holes for piles and anchor rods in coral sand, cement mortar mixed with fiber can be poured into the bottom of the casing at high pressure, which not only strengthens the anchor volume at the bottom of the anchor rod, but also increases the pull-out resistance of the anchor rod, so that the expansion anchor head has a larger holding space; the poured expansion mortar expands in the coral sand and crushes the surrounding coral sand, making the coral sand more compact, increasing the bearing capacity of the coral sand foundation and the pull-out resistance of the anchor rod.

[0039] 9. The fixed slot and the rotatable slot are respectively provided with arc slide rails. Under the action of the slide rails, the suction drill bit can rotate 360 ​​degrees in the horizontal plane without dead angles, so that the coral sand at the same position undergoes ultrasonic power crushing, the cutting element further crushes it, and the suction power element sucks the crushed particles to form holes. The three functional elements work in sequence, which improves the working efficiency of the hole-forming device, saves engineering construction time, and realizes a mechanized process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0040] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

[0041] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional diagram of the steerable suction drill bit device of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 2 This is a detailed three-dimensional view of the suction drill bit of the present invention.

[0043] Figure 3 This is a plan view of the steerable suction drill bit of the present invention.

[0044] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional view of a steerable metal tube according to the present invention.

[0045] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional diagram of the rotatable card slot of the present invention.

[0046] Figure 6 The present invention can be turned to a perspective view of a metal tube.

[0047] Figure 7 This is a detailed perspective view of the suction drill bit of the present invention.

[0048] In the figure: steerable metal tube 1, suction drill bit 2, fixed slot 3, rotatable slot 4, hydraulic telescopic shaft 5, drill bit protrusion 6, fan blade 7;

[0049] A large-diameter short metal cylinder 101, a small-diameter short metal cylinder 102, a short metal plate 103, a large-diameter short metal hose 104, and a small-diameter short metal hose 105;

[0050] Steering device 201, ultrasonic power element 202, cutting element 203, suction power element 204, GPS positioning system 205;

[0051] Metal diagonal support 401, metal horizontal support 402, metal plate 403;

[0052] Connecting shaft 2011. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0053] The embodiments of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0054] Example 1:

[0055] See also Figure 1-7 A suction drill bit device for suction drilling in coral sand, which includes a steerable metal tube 1 with a smooth outer wall, a suction drill bit 2 embedded in the head of the steerable metal tube 1; a fixed card slot 3 is provided on the inner wall of the steerable metal tube 1, a rotatable card slot 4 is hingedly connected to the inner wall of the steerable metal tube 1 and located above the fixed card slot 3, and an arc slide rail is provided on the upper plane of the fixed card slot 3 and the lower plane of the rotatable card slot 4; a hydraulic telescopic shaft 5 is connected to the upper part of the rotatable card slot 4; further, the suction drill bit 2 is composed of a plurality of different functional devices, and the top of the suction drill bit 2 protrudes as a drill convex 6, the upper and lower surfaces of the drill bit protrusion 6 are provided with rolling wheels formed by rolling bearings. The upper surface of the drill bit protrusion 6 is a steerable metal tube 1. The inner wall of the steerable metal tube 1 is evenly distributed with four hydraulic telescopic shafts 5 on the same plane. The four hydraulic telescopic shafts 5 are rigidly connected to four metal horizontal supports 402, respectively. The metal horizontal supports 402 are hinged to the inner wall of the steerable metal tube 1. The suction drill bit is provided with a steering device 201, an ultrasonic power element 202, a cutting element 203, and a suction power element 204. The bottom end of the suction drill bit 2 is embedded with a GPS positioning system 205. By adopting the above-mentioned suction drill bit device, it can be applied to the project of forming holes in coral sand. The suction port sucks the coral sand particles to the land to form underground holes, avoiding the high construction costs of drilling with traditional drilling rigs. Suction drilling uses extremely low energy, meets construction requirements with minimal energy usage, is energy-saving and environmentally friendly, and is a fast and low-cost hole-forming technology.

[0056] Furthermore, the steerable metal tube 1 is composed of a double-layer tube structure. The outer metal tube is made by connecting a large-diameter short metal cylinder 101 to a small-diameter short metal cylinder 102, and then to another large-diameter short metal cylinder 101 in a reciprocating manner. The outer metal tube has a thick wall. The large-diameter short metal cylinder 101 and the small-diameter short metal cylinder 102 are connected by a horizontal short metal plate 103. The horizontal short metal plate 103 is connected to the large-diameter short metal cylinder 101 and the small-diameter short metal cylinder 102 at the connection point using fan blades 7. The inner metal tube of the steerable metal tube 1 is a metal hose. The inner metal hose is made by connecting a large-diameter short metal hose 104 to a small-diameter short metal hose 105, and then to another large-diameter short metal hose 104 in a reciprocating manner. The wall thickness of the inner metal hose is thinner than that of the outer metal cylinder, and the diameter of the inner metal hose is smaller than that of the outer metal cylinder. The large-diameter short metal hose 104 and the small-diameter short metal hose 105 are connected by a short horizontal metal plate 103, with the joints sealed. The inner metal hose connection is also connected to the outer metal tube connection to form a single unit. The use of the steerable metal tube 1 ensures that the device can steer along with the outer metal tube, leveraging its inherent structure. This also protects the device from deformation caused by the pressure of the overlying coral sand when the device reaches deeper into the coral sand. The use of a highly resilient metal hose in the inner layer allows the inner hose to be connected without the use of fan blades.

[0057] Furthermore, the rotatable slot 4 is composed of three parts: a metal oblique support 401, a metal horizontal support 402 and a metal plate 403. The two metal oblique supports 401 are located on both sides of the metal plate 403 and are hinged to the metal plate 403. The metal horizontal support 402 is overlapped between the two metal oblique supports 401 and is hinged to each other.

[0058] Furthermore, the metal plate 403 is a fan-shaped structure, one end of the metal plate 403 is fixed to the inner wall of the outer metal tube, and the other end is hinged to one end of the metal inclined support 401. During the operation of the device, the metal inclined support 401 and the metal plate 403 form a triangular stable structure, and a hydraulic telescopic shaft 5 is fixed in the middle of the metal horizontal support 402 to change the position of the steel bracket.

[0059] Furthermore, the distance between the fixed slot 3 and the rotatable slot 4 provided on the inner wall of the steerable metal tube 1 is equal to the thickness of the drill bit protrusion 6. The fixed slot 3 is a circular ring structure and is fixed to the lower end of the steerable metal tube 1. Above the fixed slot 3 is the rotatable slot 4. The metal horizontal support 402 of each rotatable slot 4 is connected to a hydraulic telescopic shaft 5. The upper plane of the fixed slot 3 and the lower plane of the rotatable slot 4 are both provided with grooves of equal size at the same position. The above-mentioned fixed slot 3 and rotatable slot 4 can effectively limit the installation of the drill bit, ensuring that it does not fall off while enabling rotation.

[0060] Furthermore, the drill boss 6 is positioned precisely between the grooves formed by the upper surface of the fixed slot 3 and the lower surface of the rotatable slot 4. A circular track composed of multiple bearings is arranged on both the upper and lower surfaces of the drill boss 6, which interlocks with the grooves of the slots. The rotatable metal tube 1 is connected below the drill boss 6, enclosing the drill element within the same confined space. This structure ensures that the suction drill bit can achieve 360° rotation without blind spots.

[0061] Furthermore, the steering device 201 is located at the center position of the lower plane of the drill bit protrusion 6, and is composed of two hydraulic telescopic shafts 5 and a connecting shaft 2011. The two hydraulic telescopic shafts 5 are arranged side by side, the upper part of the connecting shaft 2011 is hinged to the two hydraulic telescopic shafts 5, and the lower part of the connecting shaft 2011 is rigidly connected to the flat plate of the suction drill bit 2 below.

[0062] Furthermore, the lower end of the suction drill bit 2 is evenly spaced with six components: an ultrasonic power element 202, a cutting element 203, and a suction power element 204. These three functional elements are arranged sequentially. By utilizing these various components, the coral sand at the same location undergoes ultrasonic power pulverization, further crushing by the cutting element, and then suctioning the crushed particles by the suction power element to form a hole. These three functional elements operate sequentially, improving the efficiency of the drilling device, saving construction time, and achieving a mechanized process.

[0063] Example 2:

[0064] The method for construction using a suction drill bit device for suction drilling in coral sand comprises the following steps:

[0065] Pile and anchor hole construction technology:

[0066] Step 1: Measure and lay out, prepare the working surface: Before drilling, the working surface must be cleaned and the pile and anchor positions must be measured and laid out. The position deviation must not exceed the requirements of the specification and design.

[0067] Step 2: Preparation of the drilling device: Use a crane to vertically lift the top of the casing, place the bottom of the casing on the bayonet of the operating table, reduce the diameter of the bayonet of the operating table until the casing is vertically fixed on the operating table, and release the crane; use the crane again to lift the suction device and vertically place it into the bottom of the casing along the top of the casing until the cone head of the drilling suction device extends out of the casing by at least 30 cm; at the same time, the outer claw of the crane clamps the upper end of the casing so that the suction device is located in the casing space, and ensure that the two move simultaneously without relative displacement during the subsequent drilling process;

[0068] Step 3: Crane in place: When the crane is in place, take measures to ensure that the center of the casing coincides with the center of the drill hole, and the deviation should not be greater than 20mm; after the crane is in place, keep it flat and stable, and take measures to fix it to ensure that there is no displacement or shaking during the suction process, otherwise it should be handled in time;

[0069] Step 4: Start the equipment to suck and form a hole: the crane boom begins to move down slowly, and the motor is started to start the suction device for forming a hole. The suction drill bit 2 of the suction device contacts the coral sand, and the ultrasonic power element 202 emits high-frequency, low-amplitude vibration energy and sprays a water column with a certain speed. The water column is used as a carrier for ultrasonic energy transmission, so that the contact points of the coral sand stuck together around the suction head are separated; when encountering large-grained reef rocks, the rotating blades in the cutting element 203 break them up; the suction power element 204 sucks and separates the loose coral sand; at the same time, the crane shaft starts to rotate at a certain speed, crushing, separating, and sucking the coral sand within the casing range in all directions, thereby forming a hole; as the suction device continues to form a hole downward, the casing moves downward together with the suction device to support the formed hole and prevent the surrounding coral sand from collapsing;

[0070] Step 5: Grouting and anchoring at the bottom of the casing: After the hole is drilled, the outer claw of the crane releases the upper end of the casing and lifts the suction device vertically from the casing. The two are separated, forming a cavity in the casing. The grouting pipe is inserted into the bottom of the casing and cement mortar mixed with fiber is pressed in. At the same time, it is ensured that the fiber cement mortar must have good workability. The side wall of the bottom end of the casing is a flower tube with holes. The pressed fiber cement mortar is sprayed into the pores of the coral sand from the bottom hole and the side wall, and gradually forms a large volume of coral sand cement mortar block with the surrounding coral sand;

[0071] Step 6: Pile and anchor formation: As the coral sand cement mortar block at the bottom gradually solidifies and forms a block with a certain strength, start pouring the expansion mortar. While pouring the expansion mortar, lift the casing upward until the casing is completely lifted out and the expansion mortar is completely poured into the hole.

[0072] Example 3:

[0073] Directional detection of deep piles:

[0074] Step 1, test target: After the pile is cast and condensed, due to the action of the expansion agent, the expansion diameter of the expansion section of the pile and whether the pile is cracked need to be tested;

[0075] Step 2: Detection position positioning: Locate the position to be detected according to the design drawings, plan the device drilling route according to the machine bending angle and length, and convert the drilling route into a GPS positioning route;

[0076] Step 3: Turn on the device: When the device is turned on, the ultrasonic power element 202, cutting element 203 and suction power element 204 in the suction drill bit start working. The ultrasonic power element 202 breaks the coral sand particles and vibrates the dense coral sand to loosen it. The cutting element 203 further breaks the large coral sand into small particles. The suction power element 204 extracts the coral sand particles and transports them to the land. The hole is slowly formed. At the same time, the inspection personnel adjust the hydraulic telescopic shaft 5 in the steering device 201 according to the positioning displayed by the GPS positioning system 205 in the suction drill bit. Length, specifically during the adjustment process, if the drill bit is to be rotated westward, the east-direction hydraulic telescopic shaft 5 is extended and the west-direction hydraulic telescopic shaft 5 is shortened, so that the suction drill bit can be adjusted to move forward westward, thereby realizing the steering of the suction drill bit to form a curved hole. The steerable metal tube 1 behind the suction drill bit is connected in a loop by the fan blade 7 through the short metal plate 103 to form a section of a large-diameter short metal cylinder 101 and a section of a small-diameter short metal cylinder 102, with a certain rotation angle, so that the steerable metal tube 1 can follow the suction drill bit 2 and form a certain supporting effect on the formed hole;

[0077] Step 4: Hole formation: After the predetermined hole is formed, the hydraulic telescopic shaft 5 on the rotatable slot 4 is lifted, and the rotatable slot 4 is separated from the drill bit protrusion 6 and slowly approaches the pipe wall. The inspector then pulls the suction drill bit out of the hole;

[0078] Step 5: Detect data: Use a high-definition camera to capture the internal shape of the pile surface. At the same time, the GPS positioning system of the high-definition camera will record the position in real time. The video will be processed later to determine whether the pile is broken and the expanded diameter of the pile.

[0079] Working principle of the present invention:

[0080] The hole-forming suction drill device includes a metal hose with a smooth outer wall and an embedded suction drill bit. A fixed slot and a hinged rotatable slot are respectively provided on the inner wall of the metal hose. The upper part of the rotatable slot is connected to a hydraulic telescopic shaft for changing the position of the rotating slot. Both the upper and lower slots are provided with slide rails at the same position. The embedded suction drill bit is constructed by embedding multifunctional components. The upper part of the suction drill bit is protruding. The upper and lower parts of the drill bit protrusion are provided with rolling grooves formed by rolling bearings. The upper part of the drill bit protrusion is a telescopic hose. Two hydraulic telescopic shafts are provided inside the hose. The two hydraulic telescopic shafts are hinged to the metal plate. The metal plate is hinged to the inner wall of the hose. By adjusting the length of the hydraulic telescopic shaft The drilling head is steered by adjusting the direction of the suction drill bit by changing the extension and contraction length of the hoses at both ends. The suction drill bit contains an ultrasonic power device, a cutting device and a suction power device. The energy transmitted by the ultrasonic wave reduces the bonding force between the coral sands. The cutting device primarily crushes the larger particles of coral sand and reef rocks encountered during drilling. The suction port sucks the coral sand particles to the land to form underground holes, avoiding the high construction cost of drilling with traditional drilling rigs. The construction requirements are met with minimal cost, and it is energy-saving and environmentally friendly. It is a fast, low-cost, and steering-function coral sand drilling technology.

Claims

1. A construction method for suction drilling in coral sand, characterized in that: The construction method is achieved by means of a suction drill bit device, which comprises a steerable metal tube (1) with a smooth outer wall, wherein a suction drill bit (2) is embedded in the head of the steerable metal tube (1); a fixed slot (3) is provided on the inner wall of the steerable metal tube (1); a rotatable slot (4) is hingedly connected to the inner wall of the steerable metal tube (1) and located above the fixed slot (3); an arc slide rail is provided on the upper plane of the fixed slot (3) and the lower plane of the rotatable slot (4); and the upper part of the rotatable slot (4) is connected to a hydraulic telescopic shaft (5); The suction drill bit (2) is formed by embedding a plurality of different functional devices. The top of the suction drill bit (2) is protruded into a drill bit protrusion (6). The upper and lower planes of the drill bit protrusion (6) are provided with rolling wheels formed by rolling bearings. The upper plane of the drill bit protrusion (6) is a steerable metal tube (1). The inner wall of the steerable metal tube (1) is evenly distributed with four hydraulic telescopic shafts (5) on the same plane. The four hydraulic telescopic shafts (5) are rigidly connected to four metal horizontal supports (402) respectively. The metal horizontal supports (402) are hinged to the inner wall of the steerable metal tube (1). The suction drill bit is provided with a steering device (201), an ultrasonic power element (202), a cutting element (203) and a suction power element (204). The bottom end of the suction drill bit (2) is embedded with a GPS positioning system (205). The construction method comprises the following steps: Pile and anchor hole construction technology: Step 1: Measure and lay out, prepare the working surface: Before drilling, the working surface must be cleaned and the pile and anchor positions must be measured and laid out. The position deviation must not exceed the requirements of the specification and design. Step 2: Preparation of the drilling device: Use a crane to vertically lift the top of the casing, place the bottom of the casing on the bayonet of the operating table, reduce the diameter of the bayonet of the operating table until the casing is vertically fixed on the operating table, and release the crane; use the crane again to lift the suction device and vertically place it into the bottom of the casing along the top of the casing until the cone head of the drilling suction device extends out of the casing by at least 30 cm; at the same time, the outer claw of the crane clamps the upper end of the casing so that the suction device is located in the casing space, and ensure that the two move simultaneously without relative displacement during the subsequent drilling process; Step 3: Crane in place: When the crane is in place, take measures to ensure that the center of the casing coincides with the center of the drill hole, and the deviation is no more than 20mm; after the crane is in place, keep it flat and stable, and take measures to fix it to ensure that there is no displacement or shaking during the suction process, otherwise it should be handled in time; Step 4: Start the equipment to suck and form a hole: the crane boom begins to move down slowly, and the motor is started to start the suction device for forming a hole. The suction drill bit (2) of the suction device contacts the coral sand, and the ultrasonic power element (202) emits high-frequency, low-amplitude vibration energy and sprays a water column with a certain speed. The water column is used as a carrier for ultrasonic energy transmission, so that the contact points of the coral sand bonded together around the suction head are separated; when encountering large-grained reef rocks, the rotating blades in the cutting element (203) crush them; the suction power element (204) sucks and separates the loose coral sand; at the same time, the crane shaft begins to rotate at a certain speed, crushing, separating, and sucking the coral sand within the casing range in all directions, thereby forming a hole; when the suction device continues to form a hole downward, the casing and the suction device move downward together to support the formed hole and prevent the surrounding coral sand from collapsing; Step 5: Grouting and anchoring at the bottom of the casing: After the hole is drilled, the outer claw of the crane releases the upper end of the casing, and the suction device is lifted vertically from the casing. The two are separated, forming a cavity in the casing. The grouting pipe is inserted into the bottom of the casing, and the cement mortar mixed with fiber is pressed in. At the same time, it is ensured that the fiber cement mortar must have good workability. The side wall of the bottom end of the casing is a flower tube with holes. The pressed fiber cement mortar is sprayed into the pores of the coral sand from the bottom hole and the side wall, and gradually forms a coral sand cement mortar block with the surrounding coral sand; Step 6: Pile and anchor formation: As the coral sand cement mortar block at the bottom gradually solidifies and forms a block with a certain strength, start pouring the expansion mortar. While pouring the expansion mortar, lift the casing upward until the casing is completely lifted out and the expansion mortar is completely poured into the hole. Directional detection of deep piles: Step 1, test target: After the pile is cast and condensed, due to the action of the expansion agent, the expansion diameter of the expansion section of the pile and whether the pile is cracked need to be tested; Step 2: Detection position positioning: Locate the position to be detected according to the design drawings, plan the device drilling route according to the machine bending angle and length, and convert the drilling route into a GPS positioning route; Step 3, start the device: the device is started, the ultrasonic power element (202), cutting element (203) and suction power element (204) in the suction drill head work, the ultrasonic power element (202) breaks the coral sand particles and vibrates the coral sand in the dense part to loosen it, the cutting element (203) further breaks the large coral sand particles into small particles, the suction power element (204) extracts the coral sand particles and transports them to the land, and the hole is formed. At the same time, the inspection personnel adjust the length of the hydraulic telescopic shaft (5) in the steering device (201) according to the positioning displayed by the GPS positioning system (205) in the suction drill head. In the specific adjustment process, if the drill bit is to be rotated in the west direction, the east-direction hydraulic telescopic shaft (5) is extended and the west-direction hydraulic telescopic shaft (5) is shortened, so that the suction drill bit can be adjusted to move forward in the west direction, thereby realizing the steering of the suction drill bit and forming a curved hole. The steerable metal tube (1) behind the suction drill bit is connected to a short metal cylinder (101) with a large diameter and a short metal cylinder (102) with a small diameter by the fan blade (7) through the short metal plate (103), and has a certain rotation angle, so that the steerable metal tube (1) can follow the suction drill bit (2) and form a certain support role for the formed hole. Step 4, hole formation: after the predetermined hole is formed, the hydraulic telescopic shaft (5) on the rotatable slot (4) is lifted, the rotatable slot (4) is separated from the drill bit protrusion (6), close to the pipe wall, and the inspection personnel extracts the suction drill bit from the hole; Step 5: Detect data: Use a high-definition camera to capture the internal shape of the pile surface. At the same time, the GPS positioning system of the high-definition camera will record the position in real time. The video will be processed later to determine whether the pile is broken and the expanded diameter of the pile.

2. The method for forming a hole by suction in coral sand according to claim 1, wherein: The steerable metal tube (1) is composed of a double-layer tube structure, wherein the outer metal tube is made by connecting a large-diameter short metal cylinder (101) to a small-diameter short metal cylinder (102) and then to another large-diameter short metal cylinder (101) in a reciprocating cycle, wherein the large-diameter short metal cylinder (101) and the small-diameter short metal cylinder (102) are connected by a horizontal short metal plate (103), and the horizontal short metal plate (103) is connected to the large-diameter short metal cylinder (101) and the small-diameter short metal cylinder (102) by a fan blade (7).

3. A construction method for suction-forming pores in coral sand according to claim 2, characterized in that: The inner metal tube of the steerable metal tube (1) is a metal hose, which is made by connecting a short metal hose (104) with a large diameter, a short metal hose (105) with a small diameter, and then connecting a short metal hose (104) with a large diameter in a reciprocating cycle. The wall thickness of the inner metal hose is thinner than that of the outer metal cylinder, and the diameter of the inner metal hose is smaller than that of the outer metal cylinder.

4. The method for forming a hole by suction in coral sand according to claim 3, wherein: The large-diameter short metal hose (104) and the small-diameter short metal hose (105) of the metal hose are connected via a horizontal short metal plate (103), the connection is sealed, and the connection of the inner metal hose and the connection of the outer metal tube are connected to each other to form a whole.

5. The construction method for suction drilling in coral sand according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotatable slot (4) is composed of three parts: a metal oblique support (401), a metal horizontal support (402) and a metal plate (403). The two metal oblique supports (401) are located on both sides of the metal plate (403) and are hinged to the metal plate (403). The metal horizontal support (402) is overlapped between the two metal oblique supports (401) and is hinged to each other. The metal plate (403) is a fan-shaped structure. One end of the metal plate (403) is fixed to the inner wall of the outer metal tube, and the other end is hinged to one end of the metal oblique support (401). During the operation of the device, the metal oblique support (401) and the metal plate (403) form a triangular stable structure. A hydraulic telescopic shaft (5) is fixed in the middle of the metal horizontal support (402) to change the position of the steel support.

6. The method for forming a hole by suction in coral sand according to claim 1, wherein: The distance between the fixed card slot (3) and the rotatable card slot (4) provided on the inner wall of the steerable metal tube (1) is equal to the thickness of the drill bit protrusion (6); the fixed card slot (3) is a circular ring structure and is fixed to the lower end of the steerable metal tube (1); the rotatable card slot (4) is located above the fixed card slot (3); the metal horizontal support (402) of each rotatable card slot (4) is connected to the hydraulic telescopic shaft (5); and the upper plane of the fixed card slot (3) and the lower plane of the rotatable card slot (4) are both provided with grooves of the same size at the same position.

7. A construction method for suction drilling in coral sand according to claim 1 or 6, characterized in that: The drill bit protrusion (6) is fixed in the middle of the groove of the upper plane of the fixed slot (3) and the lower plane of the rotatable slot (4), and a circle of circular tracks composed of multiple bearings are arranged on the upper and lower planes of the drill bit protrusion (6), and the circular tracks are interlocked with the grooves on the slot; The drill bit protrusion (6) is connected to a steerable metal tube (1) below, and encloses the drill bit element in the same closed space.

8. The method for forming a hole by suction in coral sand according to claim 1, wherein: The steering device (201) is located at the center of the lower plane of the drill head protrusion (6) and is composed of two hydraulic telescopic shafts (5) and a connecting shaft (2011). The two hydraulic telescopic shafts (5) are arranged side by side, the upper part of the connecting shaft (2011) is hinged to the two hydraulic telescopic shafts (5), and the lower part of the connecting shaft (2011) is rigidly connected to the lower suction drill head (2) flat plate.

9. The method for forming a hole by suction in coral sand according to claim 1, wherein: Six elements, namely, ultrasonic power elements (202), cutting elements (203) and suction power elements (204), are arranged at equal intervals on the lower end of the suction drill bit (2), and the elements with three functions are arranged in sequence.

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