A method and device for distinguishing different plant carbon source differences

Abstract

The application provides a method for distinguishing different plant carbon source differences, comprising the following steps: S1, making a root box, dividing the internal space of the root box and planting; S2, closing the root box and inputting mixed gas containing CO2; S3, regularly observing the root growth state, and sampling and analyzing the soil in each subarea after the growth date is reached. 13 The application is divided into a single plant root influence area, a single plant mycorrhizal influence area, a single plant microbial influence area, and a different plant root interaction influence area, a different plant mycelium influence area and a different plant microbial influence area according to the carbon fixation process differences. The application is simple and easy to operate, can systematically determine the underground carbon content of the root, mycelium and non-mycelial microorganism processes of two species of plants, and thus provides a basis for evaluating the influence of different species growth on the soil carbon and process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to an experimental research method and apparatus for ecological environment, specifically to a method and apparatus for distinguishing differences in carbon sources among different plants. Background Technology

[0002] The carbon storage in soil is twice that of the atmosphere, and even minor disturbances can release soil carbon, affecting atmospheric carbon dioxide levels. Plant photosynthesis is the most important pathway for atmospheric carbon fixation. Soil organic carbon is fixed through processes such as leaf fixation of photosynthetic products, litter return, root exudation, and mycelial fixation. Subsurface carbon input is the primary pathway for plant carbon return, several times more efficient than aboveground carbon input. Plant roots provide microorganisms with the carbon source and nutrients needed for physiological metabolism by inputting fine root residues and secreting sugars, amino acids, and organic acids. Furthermore, plant roots form mycorrhizae with symbiotic fungi, providing minerals and nutrients to plants through a mycelial network in the soil. After fungal and bacterial apoptosis, their residues combine with minerals to form relatively stable, non-decomposing organic carbon. Studies have shown that the mycelial pathway is more efficient at carbon fixation than the root pathway.

[0003] Different plants exhibit interspecific relationships, including competition and symbiosis. Against the backdrop of global climate change, warming, altered precipitation patterns, and nitrogen deposition may lead to the invasion of toxic weeds or changes in plant communities, thereby altering dominant species, affecting interspecific relationships, and ultimately impacting ecosystem carbon cycling processes. Therefore, assessing the interaction between different plants on soil carbon deposition is crucial. It helps determine the degree of change in the carbon sequestration processes of different plants, enabling more rational planting combinations to effectively promote soil carbon sequestration and increase ecosystem carbon storage. Currently, there is a lack of methods for differentiating the contribution of different plants to soil organic carbon under symbiotic or competitive conditions. Therefore, based on previous research, this invention constructs a device to distinguish the differences in carbon sources among different plants. Through a combination of isotope gas labeling and a sieve, the device can measure the differences in the contribution sources of soil organic carbon under different plant symbiotic or competitive conditions. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method and device for distinguishing the differences in carbon sources of different plants, in order to address the shortcomings of the prior art. The device has a simple and reasonable structure, is highly practical, and has good performance. The method is simple to operate, quick and accurate in measurement, and can be applied to the assessment and measurement of the contribution of different symbiotic plants or intercropped agricultural crops in an ecosystem to soil carbon.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a method for distinguishing differences in carbon sources among different plants, comprising the following steps:

[0006] S1. Make a root box for the plant roots to grow, fill the root box with soil, divide the internal area of ​​the root box into sections, and plant the plant in the root box.

[0007] S2. Seal the root box and introduce a solution containing [missing information] into the root box. 13 A mixture of CO2;

[0008] S3. Regularly open the root box to observe the growth status of the plant roots. After the growth period is reached, take soil samples from each zone, freeze and store them for analysis to obtain the soil microbial composition and isotopic carbon composition of each zone.

[0009] Preferably, the root box in S1 is a top-opening container with a "racetrack-shaped" cross-section. The specific method of dividing the internal area of ​​the root box is as follows: the root box is divided into three layers: inner, middle, and outer. The innermost space of the root box is evenly divided into area A and area D along the length of the root box. The arc-shaped area connecting area A in the middle space of the root box is area B, another arc-shaped area is area E, and the area connecting area B and area E is area G. The arc-shaped area connecting area B in the outer space of the root box is area C, the arc-shaped area connecting area E is area F, and the area connecting area C and area F is area H. Along the length of the root box, the areas are C, D, E, F, and F respectively. Plants are planted in areas A and D. Areas B and C are the influence areas of plant A, areas E and F are the influence areas of plant D, and areas G and H are the interaction influence areas of two plants. The soil depth of the root box is not less than 15cm, the width of area A is not less than 5cm, and the width of areas B and C is not greater than 2cm.

[0010] Preferably, a 0.2mm screen is installed between zones A and D to prevent the taproot from passing through. The inner and middle spaces of the root box are separated by a 48μm screen, and the middle and outer spaces are separated by a 1μm screen. Multiple acrylic partitions are installed between the arc-shaped corners of the root box and the inner space. Zones A and D are planting areas for different plants, and the newly generated organic carbon in zones A and D is the sum of the carbon deposited by the roots of each plant. A 48μm screen is installed between zones A and B, and between zones A and G, and between zones D and E, and between zones D and G, preventing roots but allowing mycelia to pass through. The newly generated carbon in the soil of zones B, E, and G is carbon fixed by mycelial pathways and other microbial pathways. A 1μm screen is installed between zones B and C, between zones G and H, and between zones E and F, preventing mycelia from passing through. The newly generated carbon in the soil of zones C, F, and H is carbon fixed by non-mycelial microbial pathways. Acrylic partitions are installed between areas B and G, between areas C and H, between areas E and G, and between areas F and H.

[0011] Preferably, in step S2, the root chamber is sealed by a transparent cover, and the δ in the mixed gas... 13 C>600.00‰, Atom% 13When the CO2 concentration is greater than 1.50%, water the soil before introducing the mixed gas to maintain soil moisture at more than 50% of field capacity. Introduce the mixed gas when the soil CO2 concentration is below 450 ppm to prevent "carbon starvation" in plants.

[0012] Preferably, in S3, the growth period is no earlier than when the fine roots in areas A and D have reached the screen boundary and mycelial growth has been observed in areas B and E for more than 15 days. When sampling soil, areas C, F, and H are collected first, followed by areas B, E, and G, and finally soil from areas A and D is collected. After freezing, the microbial composition and isotopic carbon composition of each area are determined.

[0013] A device for distinguishing the differences in carbon sources among different plants includes a root box, a transparent cover at the top opening of the root box, a movably sealed cover at the top of the transparent cover, and water injection and ventilation holes on the transparent cover.

[0014] Preferably, an aluminum foil sleeve is provided between the top of the root box and the bottom of the transparent cover, and a CO2 sensor is provided inside the root box to detect the CO2 concentration in the soil.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0016] 1. This invention divides the soil areas where two different plants are planted into single-influence zones and interactive-influence zones by using partitions and different screens, which can determine the promoting or inhibiting relationship between heterogeneous plants and soil organic carbon contributions.

[0017] 2. This invention divides the soil region into root deposition zone, mycelial influence zone, and microbial influence zone by combining screens with different aperture sizes, facilitating further analysis of the mechanism by which species competition / symbiosis relationships affect the formation of rhizosphere soil organic carbon.

[0018] 3. This invention, by labeling the entire plant growth process with isotopic gases, can accurately quantify the contribution of competition / symbiosis of different species to the specific process of carbon deposition in soil roots, providing data support for related scientific research.

[0019] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the root box of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the root box and transparent cover of the present invention.

[0022] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0023] 1—Root box; 2—Water filling and venting hole; 3—Transparent cover;

[0024] 4—Aluminum foil sleeve; 5—0.2mm sieve; 6—48μm sieve;

[0025] 7—1μm sieve; 8—Acrylic partition; 9—CO2 sensor Detailed Implementation

[0026] Example 1

[0027] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a device for distinguishing the differences in carbon sources of different plants includes a root box 1, a transparent cover 3 is provided at the top opening of the root box 1, a sealing cover is movably provided at the top of the transparent cover 3, and a water injection and ventilation hole 2 and a CO2 sensor 9 are provided on the transparent cover 3.

[0028] In this embodiment, an aluminum foil sleeve 4 is provided between the top of the root box 1 and the bottom of the transparent cover 3, and a CO2 sensor is provided inside the root box 1 to detect the CO2 concentration in the soil.

[0029] In this embodiment, the root box 1 is a top-opening container with a "racetrack-shaped" cross-section, 20cm in length and 15cm in width. The root box 1 is divided into three layers: inner, middle, and outer. The innermost space of the root box 1 is evenly divided into area A on the left and area D on the right along the length of the root box. The arc-shaped middle layer area connecting area A in the middle space of the root box 1 is area B, with a width of 2cm. Another arc-shaped area is area E, and the area connecting area B and area E is area G. The arc-shaped area connecting area B in the outer space of the root box 1 is area C, with a width of 1cm. The arc-shaped area connecting area E is area F, and the area corresponding to area G is area H. Plants are planted in areas A and D. Areas B and C are the influence areas of plant A, areas E and F are the influence areas of plant D, and areas G and H are the interaction influence areas of the two plants.

[0030] In this embodiment, a 0.2mm screen 5 is installed between areas A and D to prevent the taproot from passing through. The inner and middle spaces of the root box 1 are separated by a 48μm screen, and the middle and outer spaces of the root box 1 are separated by a 1μm screen 7. Four acrylic partitions are installed between the arc-shaped corner of the root box 1 and the inner space. Areas A and D are different plant planting areas, and the newly generated organic carbon in areas A and D is the sum of the carbon deposited by the roots of each plant. A 48μm screen is installed between area A and area B, and between area A and area G, and between area D and area E, and between area D and area G, to prevent roots but allow mycelia to pass through. The newly generated carbon in the soil of areas B, E, and G is carbon fixed by mycelial pathways and other microbial pathways. A 1μm screen 7 is installed between area B and area C, between area G and area H, and between area E and area F, preventing mycelia from passing through. The newly generated carbon in the soil of areas C, F, and H is carbon fixed by non-mycelial microbial pathways.

[0031] Example 2

[0032] A method for distinguishing differences in carbon sources among different plants includes the following steps:

[0033] S1. Construct root box 1 for the growth of plant roots. Fill the root box 1 with soil evenly in the order ADBGECHF, and plant oats in area A and Kentucky bluegrass in area D.

[0034] S2. Fit a transparent cover 3 onto the upper end of the root box 1, seal the transparent cover 3, and first inject water into the root box 1 through the water injection and ventilation hole 2, then introduce water containing [unclear text]. 13 A mixture of CO2;

[0035] S3. Regularly open root box 1 to observe the growth status of plant roots. After reaching the growth period, take soil samples from each zone, freeze and store them for analysis to obtain the soil microbial composition and isotopic carbon composition of each zone.

[0036] In this embodiment, δ in the mixed gas 13 C>600.00‰, Atom% 13 If C>1.50%, water the root box 1 before introducing the mixed gas to keep the soil moisture above 50% of field capacity. Introduce the mixed gas when the CO2 sensor 9 is below 450ppm.

[0037] In this embodiment, the growth period in S3 is no earlier than when fine root growth in areas A and D has reached the sieve boundary and mycelial growth has been observed in areas B and E for more than 15 days. During soil sampling, areas C, F, and H are collected first, followed by areas B, E, and G, and finally areas A and D. After freezing, the microbial composition and isotopic carbon composition of each area are determined. The composition of newly fixed carbon deposited in different regions of the rhizosphere of oats and Kentucky bluegrass is shown in Table 1.

[0038] Table 1. New carbon content (mg / g) deposited and fixed in different rhizosphere regions of oats and Kentucky bluegrass

[0039]

[0040] Example 3

[0041] A method for distinguishing differences in carbon sources among different plants includes the following steps:

[0042] S1. Make root box 1 for the growth of plant roots. Fill the root box 1 with soil evenly in the order of ADBGECHF. Plant sheep grass in area A and needlegrass in area D.

[0043] S2. Fit a transparent cover 3 onto the upper end of the root box 1, seal the transparent cover 3, and first inject water into the root box 1 through the water injection and ventilation hole 2, then introduce water containing [unclear text]. 13 A mixture of CO2;

[0044] S3. Regularly open root box 1 to observe the growth status of plant roots. After reaching the growth period, take soil samples from each zone, freeze and store them for analysis to obtain the soil microbial composition and isotopic carbon composition of each zone.

[0045] In this embodiment, δ in the mixed gas 13 C>600.00‰, Atom% 13 If C>1.50%, water the root box 1 before introducing the mixed gas to keep the soil moisture above 50% of field capacity. Introduce the mixed gas when the CO2 sensor 9 is below 450ppm.

[0046] In this embodiment, the growth period in S3 is no earlier than when the fine roots in areas A and D have reached the sieve boundary and mycelial growth has been observed in areas B and E for more than 15 days. During soil sampling, areas C, F, and H are collected first, followed by areas B, E, and G, and finally areas A and D. After freezing, the microbial composition and isotopic carbon composition of each area are determined. The composition of newly fixed carbon deposited in different rhizosphere regions of Leymus chinensis and Stipa krusei are shown in Table 2.

[0047] Table 2. New carbon content (mg / g) deposited and fixed in different rhizosphere regions of Leymus chinensis and Stipa krusei

[0048]

[0049] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention in any way. Any simple modifications, alterations, and equivalent changes made to the above embodiments based on the inventive essence shall still fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for distinguishing differences in carbon sources among different plants, characterized in that, The following steps are included: S1. Make a root box (1) for the growth of plant roots, fill the root box (1) with soil, divide the internal area of ​​the root box (1) into sections, and plant the plant in the root box (1). S2. Seal the root box (1) and introduce a solution containing [unclear text] into the root box (1). 13 A mixture of CO2; S3. Regularly open the root box (1) to observe the growth status of the plant roots. After reaching the growth period, take soil samples from each zone, freeze and store them for analysis to obtain the soil microbial composition and isotopic carbon composition of each zone. The root box (1) in S1 is a container with a "racetrack-shaped" cross-section and an open top. The specific way of dividing the internal area of ​​the root box (1) is as follows: the root box (1) is divided into three layers: inner, middle and outer. The innermost space of the root box (1) is divided into area A and area D along the length of the root box. The arc-shaped area connecting area A in the middle space of the root box (1) is area B, another arc-shaped area is area E, and the area connecting area B and area E is area G. The arc-shaped area connecting area B in the outer space of the root box (1) is area C, the arc-shaped area connecting area E is area F, and the area connecting area C and area F is area H. Along the length of the root box (1), the areas are C, D, E, F, and E respectively. Plants are planted in areas A and D. Areas B and C are the influence areas of plant A, areas E and F are the influence areas of plant D, and areas G and H are the interaction influence areas of two plants. The soil depth of the root box (1) is not less than 15cm, the width of area A is not less than 5cm, and the width of areas B and C is not greater than 2cm. A 0.2mm sieve (5) is set between area A and area D to prevent the main root from passing through; The inner and middle layers of the root box (1) are separated by a 48μm sieve (6) to prevent the roots from allowing the hyphae to pass through; the middle and outer spaces of the root box (1) are separated by a 1μm sieve (7) so that the hyphae cannot pass through. Multiple acrylic partitions (8) are installed between the arc-shaped connection of the root box (1) and the inner space; A transparent cover (3) is provided at the top opening of the root box (1), and a water injection and ventilation hole (2) is provided on the transparent cover.

2. The method for distinguishing differences in carbon sources among different plants according to claim 1, characterized in that, In S2, the root box (1) is sealed by a transparent cover, and the δ in the mixed gas 13 C>600.00‰, Atom% 13 C>1.50%, water before introducing the mixed gas, keep the soil moisture above 50% of field capacity, and introduce the mixed gas when the CO2 in the root box soil is below 450ppm.

3. The method for distinguishing differences in carbon sources among different plants according to claim 2, characterized in that, In S3, the growth period is no earlier than when the fine roots in areas A and D have reached the screen boundary and mycelial growth has been observed in areas B and E for more than 15 days. When sampling soil, areas C, F, and H are collected first, followed by areas B, E, and G. Finally, soil from areas A and D is collected. After freezing, the microbial composition and isotopic carbon composition of each area are determined.

4. An apparatus for use in the method for distinguishing differences in carbon sources among different plants as described in any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, It includes a root box (1), and a transparent cover (3) is provided at the top opening of the root box (1), and a water injection and ventilation hole (2) is provided on the transparent cover.

5. The device for distinguishing differences in carbon sources among different plants according to claim 4, characterized in that, An aluminum foil sleeve (4) is provided between the top of the root box (1) and the bottom of the transparent cover (3), and a CO2 sensor (9) is provided inside the root box (1).

Images