Information transmission method and apparatus, terminal, and network-side device

Abstract

This application discloses an information transmission method, apparatus, terminal, and network-side device, belonging to the field of communication technology. The information transmission method of this application includes: a terminal acquiring arrival time advance information, the arrival time advance information including the arrival time advance of a target image frame, the arrival time advance being the advance of the actual arrival time of the target image frame relative to the target arrival time; and the terminal sending the arrival time advance information to the network-side device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of communication technology, specifically relating to an information transmission method, apparatus, terminal, and network-side equipment. Background Technology

[0002] For services with latency requirements, such as extended reality (XR) services, XR services have periodic image frames arriving. For image frame data transmission models based on group of pitctures (GoP), there are I-frames, P-frames, and B-frames, with I-frames having the largest data volume, followed by P-frames, and B-frames having the smallest data volume. I-frames appear periodically, and there are several P-frames and B-frames between two I-frames.

[0003] If a cell has multiple users transmitting XR services, and the XR services are based on the GoP model, if the I-frames of the XR services of multiple users occur at close intervals, a large air interface capacity is required to send these I-frames, which may lead to air interface congestion. At other times, due to the scarcity of I-frames, the air interface capacity may not be fully utilized.

[0004] In other words, the air interface capacity is not being utilized effectively, resulting in low transmission performance. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides an information transmission method, apparatus, terminal, and network-side device, which can solve the problems of inefficient utilization of air interface capacity and low transmission performance in related technologies.

[0006] Firstly, an information transmission method is provided, including:

[0007] The terminal obtains arrival time advance information, which includes the arrival time advance of the target image frame, and the arrival time advance is the advance of the actual arrival time of the target image frame relative to the target arrival time.

[0008] The terminal sends arrival time advance information to the network-side device.

[0009] Secondly, an information transmission method is provided, the method comprising:

[0010] The first network-side device receives arrival time advance information sent by the terminal. The arrival time advance information includes the arrival time advance of the target image frame. The arrival time advance is the advance of the actual arrival time of the target image frame relative to the target arrival time.

[0011] The first network-side device determines the air interface transmission delay budget between the first network-side device and the terminal based on the arrival time advance information;

[0012] The first network-side device transmits image frames based on the air interface transmission delay budget.

[0013] Thirdly, an information transmission method is provided, including:

[0014] The second network-side device receives arrival time advance information sent by the terminal. The arrival time advance information includes the arrival time advance of the target image frame. The arrival time advance is the advance of the actual arrival time of the target image frame relative to the target arrival time.

[0015] The second network-side device performs at least one of the following operations based on the arrival time advance information:

[0016] Determine the air interface transmission delay budget between the first network-side device and the terminal, and send the air interface transmission delay budget to the first network-side device;

[0017] The arrival time advance information is sent to the first network-side device.

[0018] Fourthly, an information transmission device is provided, comprising:

[0019] The acquisition module is used to acquire arrival time advance information, which includes the arrival time advance of the target image frame, and the arrival time advance is the advance of the actual arrival time of the target image frame relative to the target arrival time.

[0020] The sending module is used to send arrival time advance information to network-side devices.

[0021] Fifthly, an information transmission device is provided, comprising:

[0022] The transmission module is used to receive arrival time advance information sent by the terminal. The arrival time advance information includes the arrival time advance of the target image frame, and the arrival time advance is the advance of the actual arrival time of the target image frame relative to the target arrival time.

[0023] The determination module is used to determine the air interface transmission delay budget between the first network-side device and the terminal based on the arrival time advance information;

[0024] The transmission module is also used to transmit image frames according to the air interface transmission delay budget.

[0025] Sixthly, an information transmission device is provided, comprising:

[0026] The receiving module is used to receive arrival time advance information sent by the terminal. The arrival time advance information includes the arrival time advance of the target image frame, and the arrival time advance is the advance of the actual arrival time of the target image frame relative to the target arrival time.

[0027] The execution module is configured to perform at least one of the following operations based on the arrival time advance information:

[0028] Determine the air interface transmission delay budget between the first network-side device and the terminal, and send the air interface transmission delay budget to the first network-side device;

[0029] The arrival time advance information is sent to the first network-side device.

[0030] In a seventh aspect, a terminal is provided, the terminal including a processor and a memory, the memory storing a program or instructions executable on the processor, the program or instructions, when executed by the processor, implementing the steps of the method as described in the first aspect.

[0031] Eighthly, a terminal is provided, including a processor and a communication interface, wherein the processor is used to acquire arrival time advance information, the arrival time advance information including the arrival time advance of a target image frame, the arrival time advance being the advance of the actual arrival time of the target image frame relative to the target arrival time; the communication interface is used to send the arrival time advance information to a network-side device.

[0032] A ninth aspect provides a network-side device including a processor and a memory, the memory storing a program or instructions executable on the processor, the program or instructions, when executed by the processor, implementing the steps of the method as described in the second or third aspect.

[0033] In a tenth aspect, a network-side device is provided, including a processor and a communication interface, wherein the communication interface is used to receive arrival time advance information sent by a terminal, the arrival time advance information including an arrival time advance of a target image frame, the arrival time advance being the advance of the actual arrival time of the target image frame relative to the target arrival time; and to transmit the image frame according to the air interface transmission delay budget.

[0034] The processor is used to determine the air interface transmission delay budget between the first network-side device and the terminal based on the arrival time advance information.

[0035] Eleventhly, a network-side device is provided, including a processor and a communication interface, wherein the communication interface is used to receive arrival time advance information sent by a terminal, the arrival time advance information including the arrival time advance of a target image frame, the arrival time advance being the advance of the actual arrival time of the target image frame relative to the target arrival time;

[0036] The processor is configured to perform at least one of the following operations based on the arrival time advance information:

[0037] Determine the air interface transmission delay budget between the first network-side device and the terminal, and send the air interface transmission delay budget to the first network-side device;

[0038] The arrival time advance information is sent to the first network-side device.

[0039] In a twelfth aspect, a communication system is provided, comprising: a terminal and a network-side device, wherein the terminal is configured to perform the steps of the information transmission method as described in the first aspect, and the network-side device is configured to perform the steps of the information transmission method as described in the second or third aspect.

[0040] In a thirteenth aspect, a readable storage medium is provided, on which a program or instructions are stored, which, when executed by a processor, implement the steps of the method as described in the first, second, or third aspect.

[0041] In a fourteenth aspect, a chip is provided, the chip including a processor and a communication interface coupled to the processor, the processor being configured to run programs or instructions to implement the steps of the methods described in the first, second, or third aspects.

[0042] In a fifteenth aspect, a computer program / program product is provided, which is stored in a storage medium and executed by at least one processor to implement the steps of the information transmission method as described in the first, second, or third aspect.

[0043] In this embodiment, the terminal obtains arrival time advance information, which includes the arrival time advance of the target image frame. The arrival time advance is the advance of the actual arrival time of the target image frame relative to the target arrival time. The terminal sends the arrival time advance information to the network-side device. Since the network-side device can determine the air interface transmission delay budget based on the arrival time advance information sent by the terminal, it can flexibly adjust the transmission time of the image frame within the air interface transmission delay budget. For example, the network-side device can comprehensively consider the actual transmission delay requirements of different users' image frames on the air interface and the actual air interface load, and flexibly adjust the transmission time of different users' image frames within the air interface transmission delay budget. This can smooth the air interface transmission rate requirements and improve the efficiency of link adaptation, thereby improving transmission performance. Attached Figure Description

[0044] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of a network system provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0045] Figure 2a This is a schematic diagram of the network structure for transmitting XR service data between the terminal and the content server;

[0046] Figure 2b This is a schematic diagram of the network structure for XR service data transmission between two terminals;

[0047] Figure 3 This is one of the flowcharts of the information transmission method provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0048] Figure 4 This is a probability density distribution function graph provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0049] Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of the terminal's modem, application layer, and adaptation layer provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0050] Figure 6 This is the second flowchart of the information transmission method provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0051] Figure 7a This is the third flowchart of the information transmission method provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0052] Figure 7b This is a diagram illustrating the arrival time of I-frames for XR services from multiple terminals.

[0053] Figure 7c This application provides a schematic diagram of the arrival time of XR service I-frames for multiple terminals after adjusting the air interface transmission delay budget in an embodiment of the application.

[0054] Figure 8 This is the fourth flowchart of the information transmission method provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0055] Figure 9 This is a structural diagram of the first information transmission device provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0056] Figure 10 This is a structural diagram of the second information transmission device provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0057] Figure 11 This is a structural diagram of the third information transmission device provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0058] Figure 12 This is a structural diagram of the communication device provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0059] Figure 13 This is a structural diagram of the terminal provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0060] Figure 14 This is one of the structural diagrams of the network-side device provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0061] Figure 15 This is the second structural diagram of the network-side device provided in the embodiments of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0062] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0063] The terms "first," "second," etc., used in the specification and claims of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and not to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such terms can be used interchangeably where appropriate so that embodiments of this application can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein, and the objects distinguished by "first" and "second" are generally of the same class, not limited in number; for example, a first object can be one or more. Furthermore, in the specification and claims, "and / or" indicates at least one of the connected objects, and the character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0064] It is worth noting that the technologies described in this application are not limited to Long Term Evolution (LTE) / LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) systems, but can also be used in other wireless communication systems, such as Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA), Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA), Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA), Single-carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA), and other systems. The terms "system" and "network" in this application are often used interchangeably, and the described technologies can be used in the systems and radio technologies mentioned above, as well as in other systems and radio technologies. The following description describes New Radio (NR) systems for illustrative purposes, and NR terminology is used in most of the following description; however, these technologies can also be applied to applications beyond NR systems, such as 6th Generation (6G) communication systems.

[0065] Figure 1This diagram illustrates a block diagram of a wireless communication system applicable to embodiments of this application. The wireless communication system includes a terminal 11 and a network-side device 12. Terminal 11 can be a mobile phone, tablet computer, laptop computer, personal digital assistant (PDA), handheld computer, netbook, ultra-mobile personal computer (UMPC), mobile internet device (MID), augmented reality (AR) / virtual reality (VR) device, robot, wearable device, vehicle-mounted device (VUE), pedestrian terminal (PUE), smart home (home devices with wireless communication capabilities, such as refrigerators, televisions, washing machines, or furniture), game console, personal computer (PC), ATM, or self-service machine, etc. Wearable devices include: smartwatches, smart bracelets, smart headphones, smart glasses, smart jewelry (smart bracelets, smart chains, smart rings, smart necklaces, smart anklets, smart anklets, etc.), smart wristbands, smart clothing, etc. It should be noted that the specific type of terminal 11 is not limited in this embodiment. Network-side equipment 12 may include access network equipment or core network equipment. Access network equipment 12 may also be referred to as radio access network equipment, radio access network (RAN), radio access network function, or radio access network unit. Access network equipment 12 may include base stations, WLAN access points, or WiFi nodes, etc. Base stations may be referred to as Node B, evolved Node B (eNB), access point, base transceiver station (BTS), radio base station, radio transceiver, Basic Service Set (BSS), Extended Service Set (ESS), home B node, home evolved B node, Transmitting Receiving Point (TRP), or any other suitable term in the field, as long as the same technical effect is achieved. The base station is not limited to specific technical terms. It should be noted that in this application embodiment, only a base station in an NR system is used as an example for description, and the specific type of base station is not limited.

[0066] To facilitate a better understanding of the embodiments of this application, the following is a brief introduction to the relevant content of extended reality (XR) services:

[0067] XR services include Augmented Reality (AR) services, Virtual Reality (VR) services, and Mixed AR and VR (MR) services. XR services can utilize H.264 encoding technology to compress image data, thereby saving bandwidth and ensuring image quality. H.264 technology can encode image data into three types of image frames:

[0068] An intra-coded picture (I) frame is a complete image frame that can be generated and rendered without relying on other frames.

[0069] A predicted picture (P) frame contains only image change information relative to the previous frame. The receiver needs to combine the previous frames to generate the current frame and display it on the receiving terminal.

[0070] A bidirectional predicted picture (B) frame is used to indicate the changes in the current frame relative to the preceding and following frames. The receiver needs to combine the preceding and following frames to generate the current frame.

[0071] The preceding and following frames refer to the order based on the frame presentation time or the image acquisition time at the source. The actual sending and receiving times may be adjusted according to the image decoding time of the receiver. For example, the sender can send frames in the order of the receiver's image frame decoding time.

[0072] Different frame types correspond to different frame encoding methods, resulting in varying degrees of image compression. I-frames have the lowest compression level (i.e., the largest frame data size), P-frames have the moderate compression level (i.e., the moderate frame data size), and B-frames have the highest compression level (i.e., the smallest frame data size).

[0073] There are two transmission methods for XR images: transmission based on frame slice combination and transmission based on group of pitctures (GoP).

[0074] The frame-slice-combined transmission method divides an image frame into multiple data blocks, and then combines the slices of multiple image frames into multiple data blocks for transmission, thereby achieving smooth XR service data flow. This method greatly reduces the traffic fluctuations caused by the differences in data volume between I-frames, P-frames, and B-frames. However, due to the cross-transmission between image frames, the transmission delay of image frames is increased.

[0075] Frame set-based transmission: Based on the periodicity of the video stream, the video is divided into video frame sets according to the period of the I-frame. A frame set consists of an I-frame and all the P-frames and B-frames between the next adjacent I-frame. Image frames are transmitted and played back at the receiver according to the frame period; the time interval between the arrival times of adjacent image frames is one frame period. Frame set-based transmission avoids the mixed transmission of image frames, ensuring timely transmission of generated image frames. However, due to the different compression levels among I-frames, P-frames, and B-frames, the frame data rate fluctuates.

[0076] Data transmission of XR service data in the NR network, such as Figure 2a and Figure 2b This shows the data transmission of XR service data in the wireless network. Figure 2a The display shows that the UE obtains XR service data from the content server through the UE's modem via a wireless network. Figure 2b This displays XR service data transmission between two terminals. The UE's modem and base station operate a wireless transmission protocol to complete the XR service data transmission.

[0077] The information transmission method provided in this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and through some embodiments and application scenarios.

[0078] Please see Figure 3 , Figure 3 This is a flowchart of an information transmission method provided in an embodiment of this application. The information transmission method includes:

[0079] Step 301: The terminal obtains arrival time advance information, which includes the arrival time advance of the target image frame. The arrival time advance is the advance of the actual arrival time of the target image frame relative to the target arrival time.

[0080] Step 302: The terminal sends arrival time advance information to the network-side device.

[0081] After receiving the advance arrival time information, the network-side device determines the air interface transmission delay budget based on the advance arrival time information, and schedules the transmission of image frames based on the air interface transmission delay budget. The air interface transmission delay budget includes the uplink and / or downlink transmission delay budgets.

[0082] In this embodiment, the terminal obtains arrival time advance information, which includes the arrival time advance of the target image frame. The arrival time advance is the advance of the actual arrival time of the target image frame relative to the target arrival time. The terminal sends the arrival time advance information to the network-side device. Since the network-side device can determine the air interface transmission delay budget based on the arrival time advance information sent by the terminal, when the time advance indicated by the arrival time advance information is a positive value, the network-side device can increase the air interface transmission delay budget. That is, the network-side device can flexibly adjust the transmission time of the image frame within a longer air interface transmission delay budget. For example, the network-side device can comprehensively consider the actual transmission delay requirements of different users' image frames in the air interface and the actual air interface load, and flexibly adjust the transmission time of different users' image frames within a longer air interface transmission delay budget. This can smooth the air interface transmission rate requirements and improve the efficiency of link adaptation, thereby improving transmission performance.

[0083] In the above, the network-side equipment can be a base station or a core network. If the network-side equipment is a base station, the base station can determine the air interface transmission delay budget between the base station and the terminal; if the network-side equipment is a core network, the core network can determine the air interface transmission delay budget between the base station and the terminal, for example, the core network can configure the air interface uplink or downlink transmission delay budget of the base station.

[0084] like Figure 2a The network structure shown dictates that information transmission traverses only one air interface network. The core network can configure the uplink and downlink latency budgets of the base stations based on the received arrival time advance information. Figure 2b The network structure shown in the diagram involves information transmission through an air interface network at each end of the core network. The core network can configure either the base station on one side or both base stations to update the air interface transmission delay budget based on the received arrival time advance information. This method can help enhance the core network's end-to-end delay management capabilities.

[0085] In the above, the actual arrival time includes one of the following:

[0086] The time of the last data packet received by the terminal when receiving the data packets included in the target image frame;

[0087] The terminal parses the data packets included in the target image frame to obtain the time of the target image frame. For example, the application layer of the terminal parses (or recovers) the time of the target image frame.

[0088] In the above, the target arrival time includes one of the following:

[0089] The target playback time of the target image frame is the actual or expected playback time of the target image frame.

[0090] The latest arrival time that does not affect the playback of the target image frame;

[0091] The time by which the latest arrival time of the target image frame is shifted forward by a first offset time without affecting the playback of the target image frame;

[0092] The time by which the target playback time of the target image frame is shifted forward by a second offset time.

[0093] The first offset time and the second offset time can be set according to the actual situation.

[0094] In the above, the arrival time advance includes the arrival time advance of each I-frame, P-frame, and B-frame, or the arrival time advance of the target image frame obtained without distinguishing between I-frame, P-frame, and B-frame, wherein the target image frame includes I-frame, P-frame, and B-frame.

[0095] The advance arrival time information also includes at least one of the following:

[0096] (1) First determination method information and first indication information, wherein the first determination method information includes the first determination method and / or the identifier of the first determination method, the first indication information is used to indicate the parameters of the first determination method, and the first determination method is used to determine the actual arrival time of the target image frame.

[0097] The first determining method can be a method for determining the actual arrival time of the target image frame. The identifier of the first determining method can be the method name or ID of the first determining method. The arrival time advance information includes the first determining method information, which can inform the network-side device terminal of the method used to determine the actual arrival time of the target image frame.

[0098] For example, if one or more first determination methods are pre-configured, and each of these methods has a corresponding identifier (which can be a method name, ID, etc.), then the first determination method information can include the first determination method itself, or it can include the identifier corresponding to the first determination method. Additionally, the arrival time advance information also includes first indication information, which is used to indicate the parameters or parameter values ​​of the first determination method.

[0099] (2) Second determination method information, the second determination method information includes a second determination method and / or an identifier of the second determination method, the second determination method being used to determine the arrival time advance of the target image frame.

[0100] The second determining method may be a method for determining the arrival time advance of the target image frame. The identifier of the second determining method may be the method name or ID of the second determining method. The arrival time advance information includes the second determining method information, which can inform the network-side device terminal of the method used to determine the arrival time advance of the target image frame.

[0101] For example, if one or more second determination methods are pre-configured, and each of these one or more second determination methods has a corresponding identifier, which can be a method name, ID, etc., then the second determination method information can include the second determination method, or it can include the identifier corresponding to the second determination method.

[0102] In one embodiment of this application, the target image frame includes at least one image frame, and the arrival time advance of the target image frame is determined based on the arrival time advance of each image frame in the at least one image frame.

[0103] Specifically, the arrival time advance is obtained by reserving a first preset time on top of a first advance. The first advance is calculated based on the arrival time advance of each image frame in the at least one image frame. Reserving a first preset time on top of the first advance can be understood as adding a first preset time to the first advance. The first preset time can be set according to actual conditions and is not limited here. The first preset time can be determined autonomously by the terminal or configured by the network-side device.

[0104] For any one of the at least one image frames, for ease of description, this frame is referred to as the first image frame. The arrival time advance of the first image frame is the target arrival time of the first image frame minus its actual arrival time. Following the above method, the arrival time advance of each image frame in the at least one image frame is obtained. For example, if there are 20 image frames, 20 arrival time advances can be obtained from these 20 image frames. These arrival time advances can be the same or different. Further, based on the arrival time advance of each image frame, the cumulative distribution function (CDF) of these arrival time advances is obtained; that is, the cumulative distribution function is determined based on the arrival time advance of each image frame. Figure 4The figure shows the cumulative distribution function obtained based on the arrival time advance of each image frame. The arrival time advance of the target image frame is the arrival time advance corresponding to the preset percentage point X in the cumulative distribution function. X can be determined by the terminal or configured by the network-side device.

[0105] In addition to determining the arrival time advance of the target image frame based on the cumulative distribution function of arrival time advance as described above, the terminal can also obtain the advance in other ways, which are not limited here.

[0106] The above-mentioned method for transmitting the advance arrival time information includes at least one of the following:

[0107] Periodic transmission, trigger-based transmission, and request-based transmission are all possible methods. The transmission method can be configured by the network-side device. Reporting can be performed using UCI, MAC CE, or RRC signaling.

[0108] Periodic transmission, also known as periodic triggering, is configured by the network-side equipment with transmission period and offset. It can be configured using one of RRC, MAC CE, and PDCCH or a combination of multiple signaling methods.

[0109] Trigger-based reporting, also known as event-triggered reporting, can be configured by network-side devices based on RRC signaling. The triggering conditions include at least one of the following:

[0110] (1) The arrival time advance of the target image frame exceeds the first preset threshold value;

[0111] (2) The arrival time advance of the target image frame is lower than the second preset threshold;

[0112] (3) The increase exceeds the third preset threshold value, wherein the increase is the increase in the arrival time advance of the target image frame compared with the arrival time advance of the last time it was sent to the network side device;

[0113] (4) The reduction exceeds the fourth preset threshold value, wherein the reduction is the reduction in the arrival time advance of the target image frame compared to the arrival time advance of the last time it was sent to the network side device;

[0114] (5) The arrival time advance of the target image frame becomes negative;

[0115] (6) The terminal switches to another cell;

[0116] (7) After the terminal experiences a wireless link failure, it successfully restores the wireless link.

[0117] If at least one of the triggering conditions is met, the terminal sends the arrival time advance information to the network-side device.

[0118] In the above, request-based sending can also be understood as sending based on network-side device queries. The network-side device sends query information (carried via RRC or MAC CE). After receiving the query information, the terminal obtains the arrival time advance information and sends it to the network-side device.

[0119] Specifically, before the terminal sends the time-of-arrival advance information to the network-side device, the method further includes:

[0120] The terminal receives a request message sent by the network-side device through the terminal's modem. The request message is used to request the terminal to send the arrival time advance information.

[0121] The terminal obtains the arrival time advance information through its application layer.

[0122] In the above, the terminal includes a modem and an application layer. The terminal receives request information (i.e., query information) through the modem (e.g., the wireless protocol layer of the modem). The terminal obtains the arrival time advance information of the target image frame from the application layer (also known as the XR application layer). The terminal sends the arrival time advance information to the network-side device through the modem. Specifically, the terminal sends the arrival time advance information to the network-side device through the terminal's modem.

[0123] The terminal further includes an adaptation layer located between the application layer and the modem, the adaptation layer being used to rewrite information sent by the modem into a format that the application layer can parse, and / or to rewrite information sent by the application layer into a format that the modem can parse.

[0124] The adaptation layer is located in the operating system of the terminal, or between the terminal's modem and its application layer. The terminal may further include an application control layer, which is used to rewrite request information issued by the terminal's modem into a format parsable by the terminal's application layer, and / or to rewrite arrival time advance information issued by the terminal's application layer into a format parsable by the terminal's modem. Further, the terminal's modem includes an RRC layer, and the application control layer is located between the RRC layer and the adaptation layer.

[0125] Figure 5 The diagram shows the structural relationships between the terminal's modem, application layer, and adaptation layer. Figure 5As shown, the Radio Resource Control (RRC) layer (hereinafter referred to as the radio protocol layer) of the terminal's modem cannot exchange information with the upper application layer based on the existing protocol. An adaptation layer can be added between them. The adaptation layer can reside in the terminal's operating system or be a sub-layer of the application layer or the radio protocol layer. The function of the adaptation layer is to rewrite the request information or configuration message sent by the RRC layer to the application layer for requesting advance arrival information into a format that the application layer can parse, and to interpret the advance arrival information sent by the application layer to the RRC layer into a format that the RRC layer can parse. Optionally, the adaptation layer provides functions accessible to both the application layer and the RRC layer. The application layer calls these functions to obtain request information or configuration messages from the RRC layer, or to send image frame advance arrival information to the RRC layer; the RRC layer calls these functions to send request information or configuration messages to the application layer, or to obtain image frame advance arrival information from the application layer.

[0126] Figure 5 An example of the protocol layer structure of a terminal including the aforementioned adaptation layer is shown, where the RRC layer is used to handle the interaction with the application layer. Alternatively, an application control layer can be introduced above the RRC layer, as a sub-layer of layer 3, to handle the interaction with the application layer.

[0127] Figure 5 In this layer, layer 1 includes the physical layer (PHY), layer 2 includes radio link control (RLC), packet data convergence protocol (PDCP), and service data adaptation protocol (SDAP), and layer 3 includes RRC1, RRC2, non-access stratum (NAS), and adaptation layer.

[0128] In one embodiment of this application, the arrival time advance information further includes at least one of the following:

[0129] The processing latency budget of the terminal's application layer;

[0130] The processing latency budget of the terminal's modem;

[0131] The application layer of the terminal is based on an end-to-end processing latency budget determined to meet service quality requirements.

[0132] Please see Figure 6 , Figure 6This is a flowchart of an information transmission method provided in an embodiment of this application. The information transmission method includes:

[0133] Step 601: The first network-side device receives arrival time advance information sent by the terminal. The arrival time advance information includes the arrival time advance of the target image frame. The arrival time advance is the advance of the actual arrival time of the target image frame relative to the target arrival time.

[0134] Step 602: The first network-side device determines the air interface transmission delay budget between the first network-side device and the terminal based on the arrival time advance information. For example, the new air interface transmission delay budget is a function of the current air interface transmission delay budget and the arrival time advance. When the arrival time advance is positive, the network-side device can extend the air interface transmission delay budget; conversely, when the arrival time advance is negative, the network-side device can reduce its delay budget.

[0135] Step 603: The first network-side device transmits image frames according to the air interface transmission delay budget.

[0136] After receiving the advance arrival time information, the network-side device determines the air interface transmission delay budget based on the advance arrival time information, and schedules the transmission of image frames based on the air interface transmission delay budget. The air interface transmission delay budget includes the uplink and downlink transmission delay budgets.

[0137] In this embodiment, the first network-side device receives arrival time advance information sent by the terminal. The arrival time advance information includes the arrival time advance of the target image frame, which is the advance of the actual arrival time of the target image frame relative to the target arrival time. Based on the arrival time advance information, the first network-side device determines the air interface transmission delay budget between itself and the terminal. The first network-side device then transmits the image frame according to the air interface transmission delay budget. Since the network-side device can determine the air interface transmission delay budget based on the arrival time advance information sent by the terminal, when the time advance indicated by the arrival time advance information is positive, the network-side device can increase the air interface transmission delay budget. The network-side device can flexibly adjust the transmission time of the image frame within a longer air interface transmission delay budget. For example, the network-side device can comprehensively consider the actual transmission delay requirements of different users' image frames at the air interface and the actual air interface load at different times, flexibly adjusting the transmission time of different users' image frames within the air interface transmission delay budget. This can smooth the air interface transmission rate requirements and improve the efficiency of link adaptation, thereby improving transmission performance.

[0138] In the above, the actual arrival time includes one of the following:

[0139] The time of the last data packet received by the terminal when receiving the data packets included in the target image frame;

[0140] The terminal parses the data packets included in the target image frame to obtain the time of the target image frame.

[0141] In the above, the target arrival time includes one of the following:

[0142] The target playback time of the target image frame is the actual or expected playback time of the target image frame.

[0143] The latest arrival time that does not affect the playback of the target image frame;

[0144] The time by which the latest arrival time of the target image frame is shifted forward by a first offset time without affecting the playback of the target image frame;

[0145] The time by which the target playback time of the target image frame is shifted forward by a second offset time.

[0146] In the above, the arrival time advance includes the arrival time advance of each of the intra-coded I-frame, the forward-predicted P-frame, and the bidirectional-predicted B-frame, or the arrival time advance of the target image frame obtained without distinguishing between I-frames, P-frames, and B-frames, wherein the target image frame includes I-frames, P-frames, and B-frames.

[0147] The aforementioned arrival time advance information also includes at least one of the following:

[0148] First determination method information and first indication information, wherein the first determination method information includes a first determination method and / or an identifier of the first determination method, the first indication information is used to indicate the parameters of the first determination method, and the first determination method is used to determine the actual arrival time of the target image frame;

[0149] The second determination method information includes a second determination method and / or an identifier of the second determination method, wherein the second determination method is used to determine the arrival time advance of the target image frame.

[0150] The terminal can send the arrival time advance information based on at least one of periodic sending, trigger-based sending, and request-based sending. Request-based sending can also be understood as sending a request message sent by the first network-side device. That is, before the first network-side device receives the arrival time advance information sent by the terminal, the method further includes:

[0151] The first network-side device sends a request to the terminal for the advance arrival time information.

[0152] The aforementioned arrival time advance information also includes at least one of the following:

[0153] The processing latency budget of the terminal's application layer;

[0154] The processing latency budget of the terminal's modem;

[0155] The application layer of the terminal is based on an end-to-end processing latency budget determined to meet service quality requirements.

[0156] The following example uses an XR image frame to illustrate the information transmission method provided in this application. Figure 7a The diagram shows the information interaction process between the terminal and the base station, where:

[0157] Step 701: The base station requests the terminal to report the arrival time advance of the XR image frame's actual arrival time relative to the target arrival time;

[0158] Step 702: After receiving the request, the wireless protocol layer of the terminal's modem obtains the arrival time of the XR image frame from the terminal's XR application layer in advance.

[0159] Step 703: The terminal reports the advanced arrival time of the XR image frame to the base station through the modem's wireless protocol layer;

[0160] Step 704: The base station adjusts the air interface transmission delay budget of the XR image frame on the air interface based on the earlier arrival time of the received XR image frame.

[0161] Step 705: The base station and the terminal transmit XR image frames over the air interface based on the new air interface transmission delay budget.

[0162] Figure 7b The diagram shows the arrival time of I-frames for multi-user XR services. Figure 7c The diagram shows the arrival time of an I-frame after adjusting the air interface transmission delay budget using the method provided in this application. UE1, UE2, and UE3 are three terminals in a cell, and each GoP contains 12 frames, including one I-frame and 11 P-frames or B-frames. Figure 7bIn this case, due to the randomness of service occurrences, the I-frames of the three UEs appear close together, resulting in a dense concentration of I-frames within a small time window, as shown in time window A. This requires an extremely high data rate to meet transmission latency requirements, which may prevent the cell from providing sufficient data rate to meet the transmission quality (such as latency requirements) of these I-frames. In time window B, the proportion of I-frames is low while the proportion of P-frames or B-frames is high, resulting in a relatively low total data rate requirement. The data rate that the system can provide is significantly higher than this total data rate requirement, leading to insufficient utilization of cell capacity.

[0163] from Figure 7b and Figure 7c It can be seen that the transmission delay budget for XR service image frames can be increased; the time window indicated by label C is larger than the time window indicated by label A, and the time window indicated by label D is smaller than the time window indicated by label B. By adjusting the transmission delay budget for XR service image frames, the base station can comprehensively consider the actual transmission delay requirements and actual air interface load of different users' XR image frames, flexibly adjusting the transmission time of different users' image frames, thus smoothing the XR service data rate. The method provided in this application can improve the network's XR service capacity while meeting the XR service data transmission delay requirements.

[0164] Please see Figure 8 , Figure 8 This is a flowchart of an information transmission method provided in an embodiment of this application. The information transmission method includes:

[0165] Step 801: The second network-side device receives arrival time advance information sent by the terminal. The arrival time advance information includes the arrival time advance of the target image frame. The arrival time advance is the advance of the actual arrival time of the target image frame relative to the target arrival time.

[0166] The second network-side device can be the core network.

[0167] Step 802: The second network-side device performs at least one of the following operations based on the arrival time advance information:

[0168] (1) Determine the air interface transmission delay budget between the first network-side device and the terminal, and send the air interface transmission delay budget to the first network-side device;

[0169] (2) Send the arrival time advance information to the first network-side device.

[0170] The first network-side device can be a base station. The second network-side device can determine the air interface transmission delay budget between the first network-side device and the terminal based on the arrival time advance information. Alternatively, the second network-side device can send the arrival time advance information to the first network-side device, and the first network-side device can determine the air interface transmission delay budget between the first network-side device and the terminal.

[0171] In this embodiment, the second network-side device receives arrival time advance information sent by the terminal. The arrival time advance information includes the arrival time advance of the target image frame, which is the advance of the actual arrival time of the target image frame relative to the target arrival time. Based on the arrival time advance information, the second network-side device performs at least one of the following operations: determining the air interface transmission delay budget between the first network-side device and the terminal, and sending the air interface transmission delay budget to the first network-side device; and sending the arrival time advance information to the first network-side device. Since the second network-side device can determine the air interface transmission delay budget between the first network device and the terminal based on the arrival time advance information sent by the terminal, the first network-side device can flexibly adjust the transmission time within the air interface transmission delay budget, smoothing air interface transmission rate requirements and improving the efficiency of link adaptation, thereby improving transmission performance.

[0172] In the above, the actual arrival time includes one of the following:

[0173] The time of the last data packet received by the terminal when receiving the data packets included in the target image frame;

[0174] The terminal parses the data packets included in the target image frame to obtain the time of the target image frame.

[0175] In the above, the target arrival time includes one of the following:

[0176] The target playback time of the target image frame is the actual or expected playback time of the target image frame.

[0177] The latest arrival time that does not affect the playback of the target image frame;

[0178] The time by which the latest arrival time of the target image frame is shifted forward by a first offset time without affecting the playback of the target image frame;

[0179] The time by which the target playback time of the target image frame is shifted forward by a second offset time.

[0180] In the above, the arrival time advance includes the arrival time advance of each of the intra-coded I-frame, the forward-predicted P-frame, and the bidirectional-predicted B-frame, or the arrival time advance of the target image frame obtained without distinguishing between I-frames, P-frames, and B-frames, wherein the target image frame includes I-frames, P-frames, and B-frames.

[0181] The aforementioned arrival time advance information also includes at least one of the following:

[0182] First determination method information and first indication information, wherein the first determination method information includes a first determination method and / or an identifier of the first determination method, the first indication information is used to indicate the parameters of the first determination method, and the first determination method is used to determine the actual arrival time of the target image frame;

[0183] The second determination method information includes a second determination method and / or an identifier of the second determination method, wherein the second determination method is used to determine the arrival time advance of the target image frame.

[0184] The aforementioned arrival time advance information also includes at least one of the following:

[0185] The processing latency budget of the terminal's application layer;

[0186] The processing latency budget of the terminal's modem;

[0187] The application layer of the terminal is based on an end-to-end processing latency budget determined to meet service quality requirements.

[0188] In the above, the arrival time advance information can be sent to the core network via NAS by the core network or base station configuration terminal. After receiving the arrival time advance information, the core network adjusts (can remain unchanged, increase or decrease) the air interface latency budget experienced by the XR image frame data based on the arrival time advance information.

[0189] like Figure 2a The network structure shown dictates that information transmission traverses only one air interface network. The core network can configure the uplink and downlink latency budgets of the base stations based on the received arrival time advance information. Figure 2b The network structure shown in the diagram involves information transmission through an air interface network at each end of the core network. The core network can configure either the base station on one side or both base stations to update the air interface transmission delay budget based on the received arrival time advance information. This method can help enhance the core network's end-to-end delay management capabilities.

[0190] This application Figure 3The provided information transmission method can be executed by a first information transmission device 900. This application embodiment uses the execution of the information transmission method by the first information transmission device as an example to illustrate this application. Figure 3 The apparatus for the information transmission method provided in the embodiment.

[0191] like Figure 9 As shown, this application embodiment provides a first information transmission device 900, including:

[0192] The first acquisition module 901 is used to acquire arrival time advance information, wherein the arrival time advance information includes the arrival time advance of the target image frame, and the arrival time advance is the advance of the actual arrival time of the target image frame relative to the target arrival time.

[0193] The sending module 902 is used to send arrival time advance information to the network-side device.

[0194] Furthermore, the actual arrival time includes one of the following:

[0195] The time of the last data packet received by the terminal when receiving the data packets included in the target image frame;

[0196] The terminal parses the data packets included in the target image frame to obtain the time of the target image frame.

[0197] Furthermore, the target arrival time includes one of the following:

[0198] The target playback time of the target image frame is the actual or expected playback time of the target image frame.

[0199] The latest arrival time that does not affect the playback of the target image frame;

[0200] The time by which the latest arrival time of the target image frame is shifted forward by a first offset time without affecting the playback of the target image frame;

[0201] The time by which the target playback time of the target image frame is shifted forward by a second offset time.

[0202] Furthermore, the arrival time advance includes the arrival time advance of each of the intra-coded I-frame, the forward-predicted P-frame, and the bidirectional-predicted B-frame, or the arrival time advance of the target image frame obtained without distinguishing between I-frames, P-frames, and B-frames, wherein the target image frame includes I-frames, P-frames, and B-frames.

[0203] Furthermore, the arrival time advance information also includes at least one of the following:

[0204] First determination method information and first indication information, wherein the first determination method information includes a first determination method and / or an identifier of the first determination method, the first indication information is used to indicate the parameters of the first determination method, and the first determination method is used to determine the actual arrival time of the target image frame;

[0205] The second determination method information includes a second determination method and / or an identifier of the second determination method, wherein the second determination method is used to determine the arrival time advance of the target image frame.

[0206] Furthermore, the target image frame includes at least one image frame, and the arrival time advance is determined based on the arrival time advance of each image frame in the at least one image frame.

[0207] Furthermore, the arrival time advance is obtained by reserving a first preset time on a first advance, and the first advance is calculated based on the arrival time advance of each image frame in the at least one image frame.

[0208] Furthermore, the arrival time advance is the arrival time advance corresponding to a preset percentage point in the cumulative distribution function curve, wherein the cumulative distribution function curve represents the cumulative probability distribution of the arrival time advance of each image frame in the plurality of image frames.

[0209] Furthermore, the device 900 also includes:

[0210] The receiving module is used to receive request information sent by the network-side device through the terminal's modem, the request information being used to request the terminal to send the arrival time advance information;

[0211] The second acquisition module is used to acquire the arrival time advance information through the application layer of the terminal.

[0212] Furthermore, the terminal also includes an adaptation layer located between the application layer and the modem, the adaptation layer being used to rewrite the request information sent by the modem into a format that the application layer can parse, and / or to rewrite the arrival time advance information sent by the application layer into a format that the modem can parse.

[0213] Furthermore, the sending module 902 is also used to send the arrival time advance information to the network-side device via the modem of the terminal.

[0214] Furthermore, the method of transmitting the arrival time advance information includes at least one of the following:

[0215] Periodic sending, trigger-based sending, and request-based sending.

[0216] Furthermore, the triggering condition includes at least one of the following:

[0217] The arrival time advance exceeds a first preset threshold value;

[0218] The arrival time advance is lower than the second preset threshold value;

[0219] The increase exceeds a third preset threshold, wherein the increase is the increase in the arrival time advance compared to the arrival time advance previously sent to the network-side device;

[0220] If the reduction exceeds the fourth preset threshold, the reduction is the amount by which the arrival time advance is reduced compared to the arrival time advance previously sent to the network-side device;

[0221] The arrival time lead is negative;

[0222] The terminal switches to another cell;

[0223] After the terminal experienced a wireless link failure, it successfully restored the wireless link.

[0224] Furthermore, the arrival time advance information also includes at least one of the following:

[0225] The processing latency budget of the terminal's application layer;

[0226] The processing latency budget of the terminal's modem;

[0227] The application layer of the terminal is based on an end-to-end processing latency budget determined to meet service quality requirements.

[0228] The first information transmission device 900 in this embodiment can be an electronic device, such as an electronic device with an operating system, or a component in an electronic device, such as an integrated circuit or a chip. The electronic device can be a terminal, or other devices besides a terminal. For example, a terminal can include, but is not limited to, the type of terminal 11 listed above; other devices can be servers, network attached storage (NAS), etc., and this embodiment does not impose specific limitations.

[0229] The first information transmission device 900 provided in this application embodiment can achieve... Figure 3 The various processes implemented in the method embodiments achieve the same technical effect, and will not be described again here to avoid repetition.

[0230] This application Figure 6The provided information transmission method can be executed by a second information transmission device 1000. This application embodiment uses the second information transmission device 1000 executing the information transmission method as an example to illustrate the apparatus of the information transmission method provided in this application embodiment.

[0231] like Figure 10 As shown, this application embodiment provides a second information transmission device 1000, including:

[0232] The transmission module 1001 is used to receive arrival time advance information sent by the terminal. The arrival time advance information includes the arrival time advance of the target image frame, and the arrival time advance is the advance of the actual arrival time of the target image frame relative to the target arrival time.

[0233] The determination module 1002 is used to determine the air interface transmission delay budget between the first network-side device and the terminal based on the arrival time advance information;

[0234] The transmission module 1001 is also used to transmit image frames according to the air interface transmission delay budget.

[0235] Furthermore, the actual arrival time includes one of the following:

[0236] The time of the last data packet received by the terminal when receiving the data packets included in the target image frame;

[0237] The terminal parses the data packets included in the target image frame to obtain the time of the target image frame.

[0238] Furthermore, the target arrival time includes one of the following:

[0239] The target playback time of the target image frame is the actual or expected playback time of the target image frame.

[0240] The latest arrival time that does not affect the playback of the target image frame;

[0241] The time by which the latest arrival time of the target image frame is shifted forward by a first offset time without affecting the playback of the target image frame;

[0242] The time by which the target playback time of the target image frame is shifted forward by a second offset time.

[0243] Furthermore, the arrival time advance includes the arrival time advance of each of the intra-coded I-frame, the forward-predicted P-frame, and the bidirectional-predicted B-frame, or the arrival time advance of the target image frame obtained without distinguishing between I-frames, P-frames, and B-frames, wherein the target image frame includes I-frames, P-frames, and B-frames.

[0244] Furthermore, the arrival time advance information also includes at least one of the following:

[0245] First determination method information and first indication information, wherein the first determination method information includes a first determination method and / or an identifier of the first determination method, the first indication information is used to indicate the parameters of the first determination method, and the first determination method is used to determine the actual arrival time of the target image frame;

[0246] The second determination method information includes a second determination method and / or an identifier of the second determination method, wherein the second determination method is used to determine the arrival time advance of the target image frame.

[0247] Furthermore, the transmission module 1001 is also used to send a request message to the terminal for requesting the arrival time advance information.

[0248] Furthermore, the arrival time advance information also includes at least one of the following:

[0249] The processing latency budget of the terminal's application layer;

[0250] The processing latency budget of the terminal's modem;

[0251] The application layer of the terminal is based on an end-to-end processing latency budget determined to meet service quality requirements.

[0252] The second information transmission device 1000 provided in this application embodiment can achieve... Figure 6 The various processes implemented in the method embodiments achieve the same technical effect, and will not be described again here to avoid repetition.

[0253] This application Figure 8 The provided information transmission method can be executed by a third information transmission device 1100. This application embodiment uses the third information transmission device 1100 executing the information transmission method as an example to illustrate the apparatus of the information transmission method provided in this application embodiment. Figure 11 As shown, this application embodiment provides a third information transmission device 1100, including:

[0254] The receiving module 1101 is used to receive arrival time advance information sent by the terminal. The arrival time advance information includes the arrival time advance of the target image frame. The arrival time advance is the advance of the actual arrival time of the target image frame relative to the target arrival time.

[0255] Execution module 1102 is configured to perform at least one of the following operations based on the arrival time advance information:

[0256] Determine the air interface transmission delay budget between the first network-side device and the terminal, and send the air interface transmission delay budget to the first network-side device;

[0257] The arrival time advance information is sent to the first network-side device.

[0258] Furthermore, the actual arrival time includes one of the following:

[0259] The time of the last data packet received by the terminal when receiving the data packets included in the target image frame;

[0260] The terminal parses the data packets included in the target image frame to obtain the time of the target image frame.

[0261] Furthermore, the target arrival time includes one of the following:

[0262] The target playback time of the target image frame is the actual or expected playback time of the target image frame.

[0263] The latest arrival time that does not affect the playback of the target image frame;

[0264] The time by which the latest arrival time of the target image frame is shifted forward by a first offset time without affecting the playback of the target image frame;

[0265] The time by which the target playback time of the target image frame is shifted forward by a second offset time.

[0266] Furthermore, the arrival time advance includes the arrival time advance of each of the intra-coded I-frame, the forward-predicted P-frame, and the bidirectional-predicted B-frame, or the arrival time advance of the target image frame obtained without distinguishing between I-frames, P-frames, and B-frames, wherein the target image frame includes I-frames, P-frames, and B-frames.

[0267] Furthermore, the arrival time advance information also includes at least one of the following:

[0268] First determination method information and first indication information, wherein the first determination method information includes a first determination method and / or an identifier of the first determination method, the first indication information is used to indicate the parameters of the first determination method, and the first determination method is used to determine the actual arrival time of the target image frame;

[0269] The second determination method information includes a second determination method and / or an identifier of the second determination method, wherein the second determination method is used to determine the arrival time advance of the target image frame.

[0270] Furthermore, the arrival time advance information also includes at least one of the following:

[0271] The processing latency budget of the terminal's application layer;

[0272] The processing latency budget of the terminal's modem;

[0273] The application layer of the terminal is based on an end-to-end processing latency budget determined to meet service quality requirements.

[0274] The third information transmission device 1100 provided in this application embodiment can achieve Figure 8 The various processes implemented in the method embodiments achieve the same technical effect, and will not be described again here to avoid repetition.

[0275] Optional, such as Figure 12 As shown, this application embodiment also provides a communication device 1200, including a processor 1201 and a memory 1202. The memory 1202 stores programs or instructions that can run on the processor 1201. For example, when the communication device 1200 is a terminal, the program or instructions executed by the processor 1201 implement the above-mentioned... Figure 3 The various steps of the information transmission method embodiment shown can achieve the same technical effect. When the communication device 1200 is a network-side device, the above-described procedure or instruction is implemented when executed by the processor 1201. Figure 6 or Figure 8 The steps of the information transmission method embodiment shown are the same and can achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, they will not be described again here.

[0276] This application also provides a terminal, including a processor and a communication interface. The processor is used to acquire arrival time advance information, and the communication interface is used to send the arrival time advance information to a network-side device. This terminal embodiment corresponds to the terminal-side method embodiment described above. All implementation processes and methods of the above method embodiments can be applied to this terminal embodiment and achieve the same technical effect. Specifically, Figure 13 A schematic diagram of the hardware structure of a terminal to implement an embodiment of this application.

[0277] The terminal 1300 includes, but is not limited to, at least some of the following components: radio frequency unit 1301, network module 1302, audio output unit 1303, input unit 1304, sensor 1305, display unit 1306, user input unit 1307, interface unit 1308, memory 1309, and processor 1310.

[0278] Those skilled in the art will understand that the terminal 1300 may also include a power supply (such as a battery) for supplying power to various components. The power supply may be logically connected to the processor 1310 through a power management system, thereby enabling functions such as managing charging, discharging, and power consumption through the power management system. Figure 13 The terminal structure shown does not constitute a limitation on the terminal. The terminal may include more or fewer components than shown, or combine certain components, or have different component arrangements, which will not be elaborated here.

[0279] It should be understood that, in this embodiment, the input unit 1304 may include a graphics processing unit (GPU) 13041 and a microphone 13042. The GPU 13041 processes image data of still images or videos obtained by an image capture device (such as a camera) in video capture mode or image capture mode. The display unit 1306 may include a display panel 13061, which may be configured in the form of a liquid crystal display, an organic light-emitting diode, or the like. The user input unit 1307 includes a touch panel 13071 and at least one of other input devices 13072. The touch panel 13071 is also called a touch screen. The touch panel 13071 may include a touch detection device and a touch controller. Other input devices 13072 may include, but are not limited to, physical keyboards, function keys (such as volume control buttons, power buttons, etc.), trackballs, mice, and joysticks, which will not be described in detail here.

[0280] In this embodiment, after receiving downlink data from the network-side device, the radio frequency unit 1301 can transmit it to the processor 1310 for processing; in addition, the radio frequency unit 1301 can send uplink data to the network-side device. Typically, the radio frequency unit 1301 includes, but is not limited to, antennas, amplifiers, transceivers, couplers, low-noise amplifiers, duplexers, etc.

[0281] The memory 1309 can be used to store software programs or instructions and various data. The memory 1309 may primarily include a first storage area for storing programs or instructions and a second storage area for storing data. The first storage area may store the operating system, application programs or instructions required for at least one function (such as sound playback function, image playback function, etc.). Furthermore, the memory 1309 may include volatile memory or non-volatile memory, or both. The non-volatile memory may be read-only memory (ROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), or flash memory. Volatile memory can be random access memory (RAM), static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), synchronous dynamic random access memory (SDRAM), double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory (DDRSDRAM), enhanced synchronous dynamic random access memory (ESDRAM), synchronous link dynamic random access memory (SLDRAM), and direct memory bus RAM (DRRAM). The memory 1309 in this embodiment includes, but is not limited to, these and any other suitable types of memory.

[0282] Processor 1310 may include one or more processing units; optionally, processor 1310 integrates an application processor and a modem processor, wherein the application processor mainly handles operations involving the operating system, user interface, and applications, and the modem processor mainly handles wireless communication signals, such as a baseband processor. It is understood that the aforementioned modem processor may also not be integrated into processor 1310.

[0283] The processor 1310 is used to acquire arrival time advance information, which includes the arrival time advance of the target image frame, and the arrival time advance is the advance of the actual arrival time of the target image frame relative to the target arrival time.

[0284] Radio frequency unit 1301 is used to send arrival time advance information to network-side devices.

[0285] Furthermore, the actual arrival time includes one of the following:

[0286] The time of the last data packet received by the terminal when receiving the data packets included in the target image frame;

[0287] The terminal parses the data packets included in the target image frame to obtain the time of the target image frame.

[0288] Furthermore, the target arrival time includes one of the following:

[0289] The target playback time of the target image frame is the actual or expected playback time of the target image frame.

[0290] The latest arrival time that does not affect the playback of the target image frame;

[0291] The time by which the latest arrival time of the target image frame is shifted forward by a first offset time without affecting the playback of the target image frame;

[0292] The time by which the target playback time of the target image frame is shifted forward by a second offset time.

[0293] Furthermore, the arrival time advance includes the arrival time advance of each of the intra-coded I-frame, the forward-predicted P-frame, and the bidirectional-predicted B-frame, or the arrival time advance of the target image frame obtained without distinguishing between I-frames, P-frames, and B-frames, wherein the target image frame includes I-frames, P-frames, and B-frames.

[0294] Furthermore, the arrival time advance information also includes at least one of the following:

[0295] First determination method information and first indication information, wherein the first determination method information includes a first determination method and / or an identifier of the first determination method, the first indication information is used to indicate the parameters of the first determination method, and the first determination method is used to determine the actual arrival time of the target image frame;

[0296] The second determination method information includes a second determination method and / or an identifier of the second determination method, wherein the second determination method is used to determine the arrival time advance of the target image frame.

[0297] Furthermore, the target image frame includes at least one image frame, and the arrival time advance is determined based on the arrival time advance of each image frame in the at least one image frame.

[0298] Furthermore, the arrival time advance is obtained by reserving a first preset time on a first advance, and the first advance is calculated based on the arrival time advance of each image frame in the at least one image frame.

[0299] Furthermore, the arrival time advance is the arrival time advance corresponding to a preset percentage point in the cumulative distribution function curve, wherein the cumulative distribution function curve represents the cumulative probability distribution of the arrival time advance of each image frame in the plurality of image frames.

[0300] Furthermore, the radio frequency unit 1301 is also configured to receive request information sent by the network-side device through a modem, the request information being used to request the terminal to send the arrival time advance information; the processor 1310 is also configured to control the application layer of the terminal to obtain the arrival time advance information.

[0301] Furthermore, the terminal also includes an adaptation layer located between the application layer and the modem, the adaptation layer being used to rewrite the request information sent by the modem into a format that the application layer can parse, and / or to rewrite the arrival time advance information sent by the application layer into a format that the modem can parse.

[0302] Furthermore, the radio frequency unit 1301 is also used to send the arrival time advance information to the network-side device via the modem of the terminal.

[0303] Furthermore, the method of transmitting the arrival time advance information includes at least one of the following:

[0304] Periodic sending, trigger-based sending, and request-based sending.

[0305] Furthermore, the triggering condition includes at least one of the following:

[0306] The arrival time advance exceeds a first preset threshold value;

[0307] The arrival time advance is lower than the second preset threshold value;

[0308] The increase exceeds a third preset threshold, wherein the increase is the increase in the arrival time advance compared to the arrival time advance previously sent to the network-side device;

[0309] If the reduction exceeds the fourth preset threshold, the reduction is the amount by which the arrival time advance is reduced compared to the arrival time advance previously sent to the network-side device;

[0310] The arrival time lead is negative;

[0311] The terminal switches to another cell;

[0312] After the terminal experienced a wireless link failure, it successfully restored the wireless link.

[0313] Furthermore, the arrival time advance information also includes at least one of the following:

[0314] The processing latency budget of the terminal's application layer;

[0315] The processing latency budget of the terminal's modem;

[0316] The application layer of the terminal is based on an end-to-end processing latency budget determined to meet service quality requirements.

[0317] The terminal provided in this application embodiment can achieve... Figure 3 The various processes implemented in the method embodiments achieve the same technical effect, and will not be described again here to avoid repetition.

[0318] This application embodiment also provides a network-side device, including a processor and a communication interface. The communication interface is used to receive arrival time advance information sent by a terminal. The arrival time advance information includes the arrival time advance of a target image frame. The arrival time advance is the advance of the actual arrival time of the target image frame relative to the target arrival time. Image frame transmission is performed according to the air interface transmission delay budget.

[0319] The processor determines the air interface transmission delay budget with the terminal based on the arrival time advance information.

[0320] This network-side device embodiment is similar to the one described above. Figure 6 Corresponding to the network-side device method embodiment shown above, Figure 6 The various implementation processes and methods of the illustrated method embodiments can be applied to the network-side device embodiments and can achieve the same technical effects.

[0321] This application embodiment also provides a network-side device, including a processor and a communication interface. The communication interface is used to receive arrival time advance information sent by a terminal. The arrival time advance information includes an arrival time advance of a target image frame, wherein the arrival time advance is the advance of the actual arrival time of the target image frame relative to the target arrival time. The processor is used to perform at least one of the following operations:

[0322] Determine the air interface transmission delay budget between the first network-side device and the terminal, and send the air interface transmission delay budget to the first network-side device;

[0323] The arrival time advance information is sent to the first network-side device.

[0324] This network-side device embodiment is similar to the one described above. Figure 8 Corresponding to the network-side device method embodiment shown above, Figure 8 The various implementation processes and methods of the illustrated method embodiments can be applied to the network-side device embodiments and can achieve the same technical effects.

[0325] Specifically, embodiments of this application also provide a network-side device. For example... Figure 14 As shown, the network-side device 1400 includes: an antenna 1401, a radio frequency (RF) device 1402, a baseband device 1403, a processor 1404, and a memory 1405. The antenna 1401 is connected to the RF device 1402. In the uplink direction, the RF device 1402 receives information through the antenna 1401 and transmits the received information to the baseband device 1403 for processing. In the downlink direction, the baseband device 1403 processes the information to be transmitted and sends it to the RF device 1402. The RF device 1402 processes the received information and transmits it through the antenna 1401.

[0326] The method executed by the network-side device in the above embodiments can be implemented in the baseband device 1403, which includes a baseband processor.

[0327] The baseband device 1403 may include, for example, at least one baseband board on which multiple chips are disposed, such as... Figure 14 As shown, one of the chips is, for example, a baseband processor, which is connected to the memory 1405 via a bus interface to call the program in the memory 1405 and execute the network-side device operations shown in the above method embodiment.

[0328] The network-side device may also include a network interface 1406, such as a common public radio interface (CPRI).

[0329] Specifically, the network-side device 1400 of this embodiment further includes: instructions or programs stored in memory 1405 and executable on processor 1404, wherein processor 1404 calls the instructions or programs in memory 1405 to execute. Figure 10 The methods executed by each module shown achieve the same technical effect, and to avoid repetition, they will not be described in detail here.

[0330] This application also provides a network-side device. For example... Figure 15 As shown, the network-side device 1500 includes a processor 1501, a network interface 1502, and a memory 1503. The network interface 1502 is, for example, a common public radio interface (CPRI).

[0331] Specifically, the network-side device 1500 of this embodiment further includes: instructions or programs stored in a memory 1503 and executable on a processor 1501, wherein the processor 1501 calls the instructions or programs in the memory 1503 to execute. Figure 11 The methods executed by each module shown achieve the same technical effect, and to avoid repetition, they will not be described in detail here.

[0332] This application also provides a readable storage medium storing a program or instructions. When the program or instructions are executed by a processor, they implement the various processes of the above-described information transmission method embodiments and achieve the same technical effects. To avoid repetition, they will not be described again here.

[0333] The processor is the processor in the terminal described in the above embodiments. The readable storage medium includes computer-readable storage media, such as computer read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disk, or optical disk.

[0334] This application embodiment also provides a chip, which includes a processor and a communication interface. The communication interface is coupled to the processor. The processor is used to run programs or instructions to implement the various processes of the above-described information transmission method embodiments and can achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, it will not be described again here.

[0335] It should be understood that the chip mentioned in the embodiments of this application may also be referred to as a system-on-a-chip, system chip, chip system, or system-on-a-chip, etc.

[0336] This application also provides a computer program / program product, which is stored in a storage medium and executed by at least one processor to implement the various processes of the above-described information transmission method embodiments, and can achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, it will not be described again here.

[0337] This application also provides a communication system, including: a terminal and a network-side device, wherein the terminal can be used to perform the above-described actions. Figure 3 The steps of the method embodiment shown are such that the network-side device can be used to perform, for example... Figure 6 or Figure 8 The steps of the method embodiment shown.

[0338] It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes that element. Furthermore, it should be noted that the scope of the methods and apparatuses in the embodiments of this application is not limited to performing functions in the order shown or discussed, but may also include performing functions substantially simultaneously or in the reverse order, depending on the functions involved. For example, the described methods may be performed in a different order than described, and various steps may be added, omitted, or combined. Additionally, features described with reference to certain examples may be combined in other examples.

[0339] Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that the methods of the above embodiments can be implemented by means of software plus necessary general-purpose hardware platforms. Of course, they can also be implemented by hardware, but in many cases the former is a better implementation method. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this application, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, can be embodied in the form of a computer software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium (such as ROM / RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk) and includes several instructions to cause a terminal (which may be a mobile phone, computer, server, air conditioner, or network-side device, etc.) to execute the methods described in the various embodiments of this application.

[0340] The embodiments of this application have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, this application is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. The specific embodiments described above are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Those skilled in the art can make many other forms under the guidance of this application without departing from the spirit and scope of the claims, and all of these forms are within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. An information transmission method, characterized in that, include: The terminal obtains arrival time advance information, which includes the arrival time advance of the target image frame, and the arrival time advance is the advance of the actual arrival time of the target image frame relative to the target arrival time. The terminal sends arrival time advance information to the network-side device; The target image frame includes at least one image frame, and the arrival time advance is determined based on the arrival time advance of each image frame in the at least one image frame.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The actual arrival time includes one of the following: The time of the last data packet received by the terminal when receiving the data packets included in the target image frame; The terminal parses the data packets included in the target image frame to obtain the time of the target image frame.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The target arrival time includes one of the following: The target playback time of the target image frame is the actual or expected playback time of the target image frame. The latest arrival time that does not affect the playback of the target image frame; The time by which the latest arrival time of the target image frame is shifted forward by a first offset time without affecting the playback of the target image frame; The time by which the target playback time of the target image frame is shifted forward by a second offset time.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The arrival time advance includes the arrival time advance of each of the intra-coded I-frame, the forward-predicted P-frame, and the bidirectional-predicted B-frame, or the arrival time advance of the target image frame obtained without distinguishing between I-frames, P-frames, and B-frames, wherein the target image frame includes I-frames, P-frames, and B-frames.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The advance arrival time information also includes at least one of the following: First determination method information and first indication information, wherein the first determination method information includes a first determination method and / or an identifier of the first determination method, the first indication information is used to indicate the parameters of the first determination method, and the first determination method is used to determine the actual arrival time of the target image frame; The second determination method information includes a second determination method and / or an identifier of the second determination method, wherein the second determination method is used to determine the arrival time advance of the target image frame.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The arrival time advance is obtained by reserving a first preset time on a first advance, and the first advance is calculated based on the arrival time advance of each image frame in the at least one image frame.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The arrival time advance is the arrival time advance corresponding to a preset percentage point in the cumulative distribution function curve, wherein the cumulative distribution function curve represents the cumulative probability distribution of the arrival time advance of each image frame in the at least one image frame.

8. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Before the terminal sends the time-of-arrival advance information to the network-side device, the method further includes: The terminal's modem receives a request message sent by the network-side device, the request message being used to request the terminal to send the arrival time advance information; The application layer of the terminal obtains the arrival time advance information.

9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The terminal further includes an adaptation layer located between the application layer and the modem. The adaptation layer is used to rewrite the request information sent by the modem into a format that the application layer can parse, and / or rewrite the arrival time advance information sent by the application layer into a format that the modem can parse.

10. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The terminal sends arrival time advance information to the network-side device, including: The terminal's modem sends the arrival time advance information to the network-side device.

11. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method of sending the arrival time advance information includes at least one of the following: Periodic sending, trigger-based sending, and request-based sending.

12. The method according to claim 11, characterized in that, The triggering condition includes at least one of the following: The arrival time advance exceeds a first preset threshold value; The arrival time advance is lower than the second preset threshold value; The increase exceeds a third preset threshold, wherein the increase is the increase in the arrival time advance compared to the arrival time advance previously sent to the network-side device; If the reduction exceeds the fourth preset threshold, the reduction is the amount by which the arrival time advance is reduced compared to the arrival time advance previously sent to the network-side device; The arrival time lead is negative; The terminal switches to another cell; After the terminal experienced a wireless link failure, it successfully restored the wireless link.

13. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The advance arrival time information also includes at least one of the following: The processing latency budget of the terminal's application layer; The processing latency budget of the terminal's modem; The application layer of the terminal is based on an end-to-end processing latency budget determined to meet service quality requirements.

14. An information transmission method, characterized in that, Includes any of the following: The first network-side device receives arrival time advance information sent by the terminal, wherein the arrival time advance information includes the arrival time advance of the target image frame, and the arrival time advance is the advance of the actual arrival time of the target image frame relative to the target arrival time; the target image frame includes at least one image frame, and the arrival time advance is determined based on the arrival time advance of each image frame in the at least one image frame; the arrival time advance information is used to determine the air interface transmission delay budget between the first network-side device and the terminal; the air interface transmission delay budget is used for image frame transmission; A first network-side device receives arrival time advance information sent by a second network-side device. This arrival time advance information is sent by the second network-side device based on arrival time advance information sent by a terminal to the second network-side device. The arrival time advance information is used to determine the air interface transmission delay budget between the first network-side device and the terminal. The air interface transmission delay budget is used for image frame transmission. The arrival time advance information includes an arrival time advance of a target image frame, which is the advance of the actual arrival time of the target image frame relative to the target arrival time. The target image frame includes at least one image frame, and the arrival time advance is determined based on the arrival time advance of each image frame within the at least one image frame. The first network-side device receives an air interface transmission delay budget between the first network-side device and the terminal from the second network-side device. The air interface transmission delay budget is used for image frame transmission. The air interface transmission delay budget is determined based on arrival time advance information, which is the arrival time advance information sent by the terminal to the second network-side device. The arrival time advance information includes the arrival time advance of a target image frame, which is the advance of the actual arrival time of the target image frame relative to the target arrival time. The target image frame includes at least one image frame, and the arrival time advance is determined based on the arrival time advance of each image frame in the at least one image frame.

15. The method according to claim 14, characterized in that, The actual arrival time includes one of the following: The time of the last data packet received by the terminal when receiving the data packets included in the target image frame; The terminal parses the data packets included in the target image frame to obtain the time of the target image frame.

16. The method according to claim 14, characterized in that, The target arrival time includes one of the following: The target playback time of the target image frame is the actual or expected playback time of the target image frame. The latest arrival time that does not affect the playback of the target image frame; The time by which the latest arrival time of the target image frame is shifted forward by a first offset time without affecting the playback of the target image frame; The time by which the target playback time of the target image frame is shifted forward by a second offset time.

17. The method according to claim 14, characterized in that, The arrival time advance includes the arrival time advance of each of the intra-coded I-frame, the forward-predicted P-frame, and the bidirectional-predicted B-frame, or the arrival time advance of the target image frame obtained without distinguishing between I-frames, P-frames, and B-frames, wherein the target image frame includes I-frames, P-frames, and B-frames.

18. The method according to claim 14, characterized in that, The advance arrival time information also includes at least one of the following: First determination method information and first indication information, wherein the first determination method information includes a first determination method and / or an identifier of the first determination method, the first indication information is used to indicate the parameters of the first determination method, and the first determination method is used to determine the actual arrival time of the target image frame; The second determination method information includes a second determination method and / or an identifier of the second determination method, wherein the second determination method is used to determine the arrival time advance of the target image frame.

19. The method according to claim 14, characterized in that, Before the first network-side device receives the arrival time advance information sent by the terminal, the method further includes: The first network-side device sends a request to the terminal for the advance arrival time information.

20. The method according to claim 14, characterized in that, The advance arrival time information also includes at least one of the following: The processing latency budget of the terminal's application layer; The processing latency budget of the terminal's modem; The application layer of the terminal is based on an end-to-end processing latency budget determined to meet service quality requirements.

21. An information transmission method, characterized in that, include: The second network-side device receives arrival time advance information sent by the terminal. The arrival time advance information includes the arrival time advance of the target image frame. The arrival time advance is the advance of the actual arrival time of the target image frame relative to the target arrival time. The target image frame includes at least one image frame, and the arrival time advance is determined based on the arrival time advance of each image frame in the at least one image frame; The second network-side device also performs at least one of the following operations: Send the air interface transmission delay budget between the first network-side device and the terminal to the first network-side device, wherein the air interface transmission delay budget is determined based on the arrival time advance information; The arrival time advance information is sent to the first network-side device.

22. The method according to claim 21, characterized in that, The actual arrival time includes one of the following: The time of the last data packet received by the terminal when receiving the data packets included in the target image frame; The terminal parses the data packets included in the target image frame to obtain the time of the target image frame.

23. The method according to claim 21, characterized in that, The target arrival time includes one of the following: The target playback time of the target image frame is the actual or expected playback time of the target image frame. The latest arrival time that does not affect the playback of the target image frame; The time by which the latest arrival time of the target image frame is shifted forward by a first offset time without affecting the playback of the target image frame; The time by which the target playback time of the target image frame is shifted forward by a second offset time.

24. The method according to claim 21, characterized in that, The arrival time advance includes the arrival time advance of each of the intra-coded I-frame, the forward-predicted P-frame, and the bidirectional-predicted B-frame, or the arrival time advance of the target image frame obtained without distinguishing between I-frames, P-frames, and B-frames, wherein the target image frame includes I-frames, P-frames, and B-frames.

25. The method according to claim 21, characterized in that, The advance arrival time information also includes at least one of the following: First determination method information and first indication information, wherein the first determination method information includes a first determination method and / or an identifier of the first determination method, the first indication information is used to indicate the parameters of the first determination method, and the first determination method is used to determine the actual arrival time of the target image frame; The second determination method information includes a second determination method and / or an identifier of the second determination method, wherein the second determination method is used to determine the arrival time advance of the target image frame.

26. The method according to claim 21, characterized in that, The advance arrival time information also includes at least one of the following: The processing latency budget of the terminal's application layer; The processing latency budget of the terminal's modem; The application layer of the terminal is based on an end-to-end processing latency budget determined to meet service quality requirements.

27. An information transmission device, characterized in that, include: The acquisition module is used to acquire arrival time advance information, which includes the arrival time advance of the target image frame, and the arrival time advance is the advance of the actual arrival time of the target image frame relative to the target arrival time. The sending module is used to send arrival time advance information to network-side devices; The target image frame includes at least one image frame, and the arrival time advance is determined based on the arrival time advance of each image frame in the at least one image frame.

28. The apparatus according to claim 27, characterized in that, The actual arrival time includes one of the following: The time of the last data packet received by the terminal when receiving data packets included in the target image frame; The terminal parses the data packets included in the target image frame to obtain the time of the target image frame.

29. An information transmission device, characterized in that, include: The transmission module is configured to perform any of the following: The device receives arrival time advance information sent by the terminal, wherein the arrival time advance information includes an arrival time advance of a target image frame, the arrival time advance being the advance of the actual arrival time of the target image frame relative to the target arrival time; the target image frame includes at least one image frame, and the arrival time advance is determined based on the arrival time advance of each image frame in the at least one image frame; the arrival time advance information is used to determine the air interface transmission delay budget between the device and the terminal; the air interface transmission delay budget is used for image frame transmission; The device receives arrival time advance information sent by a second network-side device, the arrival time advance information being sent by the second network-side device based on arrival time advance information sent by the terminal to the second network-side device; the arrival time advance information is used to determine the air interface transmission delay budget between the device and the terminal; the air interface transmission delay budget is used for image frame transmission; the arrival time advance information includes the arrival time advance of the target image frame, the arrival time advance being the advance of the actual arrival time of the target image frame relative to the target arrival time; the target image frame includes at least one image frame, and the arrival time advance is determined based on the arrival time advance of each image frame in the at least one image frame; The device receives an air interface transmission delay budget between itself and the terminal from a second network-side device. This air interface transmission delay budget is used for image frame transmission and is determined based on arrival time advance information. The arrival time advance information is the arrival time advance information sent by the terminal to the second network-side device. The arrival time advance information includes the arrival time advance of a target image frame, which is the advance of the actual arrival time of the target image frame relative to the target arrival time. The target image frame includes at least one image frame, and the arrival time advance is determined based on the arrival time advance of each image frame within the at least one image frame.

30. The apparatus according to claim 29, characterized in that, The actual arrival time includes one of the following: The time of the last data packet received by the terminal when receiving the data packets included in the target image frame; The terminal parses the data packets included in the target image frame to obtain the time of the target image frame.

31. An information transmission device, characterized in that, include: The receiving module is used to receive arrival time advance information sent by the terminal. The arrival time advance information includes the arrival time advance of the target image frame, and the arrival time advance is the advance of the actual arrival time of the target image frame relative to the target arrival time. The target image frame includes at least one image frame, and the arrival time advance is determined based on the arrival time advance of each image frame in the at least one image frame; The execution module is used to perform at least one of the following operations: Send the air interface transmission delay budget between the first network-side device and the terminal to the first network-side device, wherein the air interface transmission delay budget is determined based on the arrival time advance information; The arrival time advance information is sent to the first network-side device.

32. The apparatus according to claim 31, characterized in that, The actual arrival time includes one of the following: The time of the last data packet received by the terminal when receiving the data packets included in the target image frame; The terminal parses the data packets included in the target image frame to obtain the time of the target image frame.

33. A terminal, characterized in that, It includes a processor and a memory, the memory storing a program or instructions that can run on the processor, the program or instructions being executed by the processor to implement the steps of the information transmission method as described in any one of claims 1 to 13.

34. A network-side device, characterized in that, It includes a processor and a memory, the memory storing a program or instructions that can run on the processor, the program or instructions being executed by the processor to implement the steps of the information transmission method as described in any one of claims 14 to 26.

35. A readable storage medium, characterized in that, The readable storage medium stores a program or instructions, which, when executed by a processor, implement the information transmission method as described in any one of claims 1-13, or implement the steps of the information transmission method as described in any one of claims 14 to 26.

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