Device for transmitting mechanical vibrations to a flowable medium
By designing rotationally symmetric metal or non-metal rod resonators, the problem of inconsistent vibration transmission in existing technologies has been solved, achieving consistent vibration transmission and efficient energy transfer on most effective surfaces in a flowable medium.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- DR HIELSCHER GMBH
- Filing Date
- 2021-09-29
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-12
AI Technical Summary
Existing technologies struggle to achieve consistent transmission of normal amplitude at effective surface points of mechanical vibration in flowing media, especially to maintain essentially consistent vibration transmission across most effective surfaces.
Design a resonator such that, during resonant vibration, the amplitude vector and normal vector at the effective surface points are not substantially parallel, ensuring that the normal amplitudes on most effective surfaces are substantially consistent. The resonant frequency should be in the range of 15 kHz to 60 kHz. The resonator material should be metallic or non-metallic, rod-shaped and rotationally symmetrical, with an effective surface area between 10 square centimeters and 4500 square centimeters, and a power transmission range of 100 watts to 16000 watts.
It achieves essentially consistent vibration transmission on most effective surfaces in a flowable medium, with over 80% of effective surface points having consistent normal amplitudes within the range of -20% to +20%, and over 90% of effective surface points having amplitude vectors that are not substantially parallel to normal vectors, ensuring efficient mechanical energy transfer.
Smart Images
Figure BDA0004140771190000041
Abstract
Description
[0001] The present invention relates to a device for transmitting mechanical vibrations to a flowable medium. Background Technology
[0002] A resonator can be excited to produce resonant vibrations at any surface point, any number of surface points, or one or more local surfaces. A resonator can have multiple resonant frequencies. The resonant frequency of a resonator can be affected by factors such as the resonator's material, geometry, temperature, and its contact with a flowing medium.
[0003] Furthermore, the mechanical power that the resonator transmits to the flowable medium via the effective surface depends on the properties of the flowable medium, such as temperature, viscosity, or pressure, as well as the size of the effective surface and the normal amplitude at the effective surface point.
[0004] For some applications, a substantially consistent normal amplitude is required for all valid surface points.
[0005] As is well known, a resonator exhibits a basically uniform normal amplitude across its effective surface segments, where the amplitude vector at each effective surface point is essentially parallel to the normal vector at that point. Summary of the Invention
[0006] This invention is based on a device for transmitting mechanical vibrations to a flowable medium. The device of claim 1 is characterized in that, during resonant vibration, the normal amplitudes of the effective surface points of the resonator are substantially uniform, and the amplitude vectors of more than 50% of the effective surface points are substantially non-parallel to the normal vectors of these effective surface points.
[0007] This invention makes it possible to transmit vibrations with substantially uniform effective amplitudes over a large proportion of the resonator surface in contact with a flowable medium. The resonator is designed such that, during resonant vibrations over most of the effective surface of the resonator, the amplitude vectors of the effective surface points are substantially non-parallel to the normal vectors of these effective surface points, and the resulting normal amplitudes of the effective surface points are substantially uniform.
[0008] Furthermore, embodiments a) to m) mentioned in the following paragraphs are preferred, especially combinations of two or more of these embodiments:
[0009] a) The resonant vibration is in the range of 15 kHz to 60 kHz.
[0010] b) The resonator is basically rod-shaped.
[0011] c) The resonator is rotationally symmetric. The maximum diameter of the resonator is preferably between 30 mm and 120 mm.
[0012] d) The maximum amplitude of the effective surface point of the resonator is between 1 micrometer and 100 micrometers.
[0013] e) A resonator consists of a single component.
[0014] f) The resonator is made of metallic material. Alternatively, the resonator can be made of non-metallic material.
[0015] g) The effective surface area of the resonator is from 10 square centimeters to 4500 square centimeters.
[0016] h) The power transmitted from the resonator to the flowable medium via the effective surface through resonant mechanical vibration ranges from 100 watts to 16,000 watts.
[0017] i) The resonator is mechanically connected to the exciter.
[0018] j) The resonator is mechanically connected to an electromechanical exciter that converts electrical vibrations into piezoelectric or magnetostrictive mechanical vibrations.
[0019] k) The resonator is mechanically connected to another resonator.
[0020] l) More than 80% of the effective surface has a normal amplitude in the range of -20% to +20% of the average value. Particularly preferably, more than 85% of the effective surface has a normal amplitude in the range of -15% to +15% of the average value.
[0021] (m) The amplitude vectors of more than 70% of the effective surface points are not substantially parallel to the normal vectors of these effective surface points. Preferably, the amplitude vectors of more than 80% of the effective surface points are not substantially parallel to the normal vectors of these effective surface points. Particularly preferably, the amplitude vectors of more than 90% of the effective surface points are not substantially parallel to the normal vectors of these effective surface points.
[0022] n)
[0023] o) Limitation of resonator surface: The portion of the resonator that comes into contact with ambient air, coolant or compressed gas, protective gas or inert gas is not considered part of the effective surface.
[0024] Definitions and Terms
[0025] A flowable medium is, for example, a fluid, gas, liquid, melt, plasma or supercritical gas, liquid metal, dispersion, emulsion, cell suspension, paste, coating, polymer, resin, and nanomaterial, or a mixture of the above. Flowable media can have different viscosities ranging from 0 centipoise to 300,000,000 centipoise, preferably from 0.1 centipoise to 1,000,000 centipoise, such as 200 centipoise.
[0026] A resonator point is a component of a resonator. A resonator is the collection of all resonator points.
[0027] A surface point (or resonator surface point) is a point located on the surface of the resonator that confines the resonator. The resonator surface area is the collection of all resonator surface points. The resonator surface area can range from 0 square centimeters to 100,000 square centimeters, preferably from 10 square centimeters to 5,000 square centimeters, for example, 1,000 square centimeters.
[0028] The effective surface is a portion of the resonator surface that limits the resonator's contact with one or more flowable media. The effective surface can range from 0 square centimeters to 95,000 square centimeters, preferably from 10 square centimeters to 4,500 square centimeters, for example, 950 square centimeters.
[0029] An effective surface point is a point located on the part of the resonator's surface that limits the resonator's contact with a flowable medium.
[0030] Effective power is the power transferred from the resonator to the flowable medium through the effective surface via resonant mechanical vibration. Effective power can be greater than 1 watt, preferably from 10 watts to 24,000 watts, for example 4,000 watts.
[0031] Vibration is a mechanical vibration with an operating frequency of 0.1 kHz to 100 kHz, preferably 15 kHz to 60 kHz, such as 20 kHz. During vibration, the resonator point moves regularly around its rest position.
[0032] The rest position (equilibrium position) is the position of all resonator points when there is no vibration.
[0033] Vibration deflection represents the instantaneous distance between a resonator point and its rest position. The vibration deflection of each surface point can be described by a combination of deflections along the X, Y, and Z axes.
[0034] Amplitude refers to the maximum possible distance between the resonator point and its rest position during the deflection period.
[0035] The position of a resonator point is given by its position vector (e.g., Cartesian coordinates).
[0036]
[0037] The amplitude vector of the resonator point is obtained by subtracting the position vector of the resonator point at rest from the position vector of the resonator point at its maximum possible distance from its stationary position.
[0038] A normal vector is a vector that is orthogonal (i.e., perpendicular) to a straight line, curve, plane, or (curved) surface, or a higher-dimensional generalization of such objects. The normal vector of a curved surface at a point is the normal vector of the tangent plane at that point. In determining the normal vector, curvature, indentations, contours, dents, protrusions, grooves, and holes caused by surface roughness (ra < 200 μm) should be ignored or smoothed out.
[0039] The normal vector of a surface point is the normal vector of the resonator surface at that surface point.
[0040] The normal vector of an effective surface point is the normal vector of the resonator surface at that effective surface point.
[0041] The normal amplitude of a surface point is the maximum possible distance the surface point moves along the normal vector of the surface point during the deflection.
[0042] The normal amplitude of an effective surface point is the maximum possible distance that the effective surface point moves along its normal vector during deflection.
[0043] Two lines or two vectors that have a small angle to each other, preferably between 0 and 20 degrees, such as less than 12 degrees, are substantially parallel.
[0044] Substantially uniform values are those that are very close to each other. Preferably, more than 80% of substantially uniform values lie within the range of -20% to +20% of the mean. For example, preferably more than 85% of substantially uniform values lie within the range of -15% to +15% of the mean.
[0045] A resonator can be any mechanical structure. Furthermore, a resonator can be rod-shaped, ring-shaped, bell-shaped, plate-shaped, beam-shaped, cuboid-shaped, cylindrical, spherical, cubic, conical, hollow cylinder, polygonal, or plate-shaped, rotationally symmetric or non-rotationally symmetric, preferably rod-shaped, cylindrical, or beam-shaped and rotationally symmetric, for example, rod-shaped and rotationally symmetric about the longitudinal axis of the rod shape. The material of the resonator can be arbitrary, preferably solid or liquid, for example, solid. Materials used for solid resonators can be metals, non-metals, crystals, plant products such as wood, ceramics, glass, polymers, or composite materials, preferably metals such as titanium alloys. A resonator can consist of one or more connected sub-components, preferably one or two parts, for example, one part.
Claims
1. A device for transmitting mechanical vibrations to a flowable medium, comprising a resonator representing all resonator points of the device. The effective surface of the resonator refers to the portion of the resonator surface that is in contact with the flowable medium and confines the resonator. The effective surface point refers to the point located on the effective surface portion of the resonator. The normal vector of the effective surface point refers to the normal vector of the resonator surface at that effective surface point. The normal amplitude of the effective surface point refers to the maximum possible distance of the effective surface point's motion along its normal vector during the deflection period. The amplitude vector of the resonator point is obtained by subtracting the position vector of the resonator point at rest from the position vector of the resonator point at its maximum possible distance from its rest position. Its features are, The maximum amplitude along the effective surface point of the resonator is between 1 micrometer and 100 micrometers. The resonator is designed such that during the resonant vibration of the resonator, the normal amplitudes of the effective surface points of the resonator are substantially consistent, and the amplitude vectors of more than 50% of the effective surface points of the resonator are substantially non-parallel to the normal vectors of these effective surface points.
2. The device of claim 1, wherein the resonant vibration is in the range of 15 kHz to 60 kHz.
3. The device of claim 1, wherein the resonator is substantially rod-shaped.
4. The device of claim 1, wherein the resonator is rotationally symmetric.
5. The device of claim 4, wherein the maximum diameter of the resonator is between 30 mm and 120 mm.
6. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the resonator comprises a single component.
7. The device of claim 1, wherein the resonator is made of a metallic material.
8. The device of claim 1, wherein the effective surface area of the resonator is from 10 square centimeters to 4500 square centimeters.
9. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the power transmitted from the resonator to the flowable medium via the effective surface through the resonant mechanical vibration ranges from 100 watts to 16,000 watts.
10. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the resonator is mechanically connected to the exciter.
11. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the resonator is mechanically connected to an electromechanical exciter that converts electrical vibrations piezoelectrically or magnetostrictively into mechanical vibrations.
12. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the resonator is mechanically connected to another resonator.
13. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the normal amplitude of more than 80% of the effective surface is in the range of -20% to +20% of the average value.
14. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the normal amplitude of more than 85% of the effective surface is in the range of -15% to +15% of the average value.
15. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the amplitude vector of more than 70% of the effective surface points is substantially non-parallel to the normal vector of these effective surface points.
16. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the amplitude vector of more than 80% of the effective surface points is substantially non-parallel to the normal vector of these effective surface points.
17. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the amplitude vector of more than 90% of the effective surface points is substantially non-parallel to the normal vector of these effective surface points.
18. A method for transmitting mechanical vibrations to a flowable medium, characterized in that, The method transmits mechanical vibrations to a flowable medium by using the resonator of the device of claim 1, wherein during resonant vibration, the normal amplitudes of the effective surface points of the resonator are substantially uniform, and the amplitude vectors of more than 50% of the effective surface points are substantially non-parallel to the normal vectors of these effective surface points.