System and method for determining a wear state of a shot blaster

Abstract

The present application relates to a system and a method for determining a wear state of a shot blaster. A method for determining a wear state of a shot blaster in a shot blasting machine comprises the following steps: detecting at least one characteristic parameter of a drive device of the shot blaster in at least one operating state of the shot blaster based on data of a control unit for the drive device; comparing the detected at least one characteristic parameter with a predefined characteristic parameter for the at least one operating state, wherein the predefined characteristic parameter characterizes a characteristic parameter of a non-worn shot blaster in the at least one operating state; and determining the wear state based on the comparison of the detected at least one characteristic parameter with the predefined characteristic parameter for the at least one operating state.

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a system and a method for determining a wear state of a shot thrower in a shot blasting plant.

[0002] In a shot blasting plant, shot throwers are used to mechanically accelerate shot. The shot throwers are subject to wear depending on the shot used, which can be slight to very severe. Due to the system, most of the wear occurs on the throw blades of the shot throwers, since the greatest acceleration work is performed there. Known methods for controlling and monitoring these wearing parts are limited to visual inspection and predictions generated from the history of the service life. This results in a considerable amount of maintenance work, in particular for machines with multiple shot throwers.

[0003] It is an object of the invention to propose a method and a corresponding system for determining a wear state of a shot thrower, which enable a more efficient wear recognition.

[0004] This object is achieved by the method and the system having the features of the independent claims.

[0005] The method for determining a wear state of a shot thrower according to the invention comprises the following steps: detecting at least one characteristic parameter of a drive device of the shot thrower in at least one operating state of the shot thrower on the basis of data of a control unit for the drive device; comparing the detected at least one characteristic parameter with a predefined characteristic parameter for the at least one operating state, wherein the predefined characteristic parameter characterizes a characteristic parameter of the shot thrower without wear in the at least one operating state; and determining the wear state on the basis of the comparison of the detected at least one characteristic parameter with the predefined characteristic parameter for the at least one operating state. Different characteristic parameters detected in different operating states can likewise be compared and evaluated with predefined characteristic parameters in the respective operating states. The detected at least one characteristic parameter can be a measured characteristic parameter of the shot thrower 100 with wear for the at least one operating state.

[0006] Wear can be understood as a loss due to surface denudation on the surface of the shot blaster, for example a loss of mass. Wear can be caused by grinding, rolling, impact, scratching, chemical or thermal stress, in which material is denuded from the surface of a solid. The denudation of material leads to a loss of material on the surface and a surface cleavage. As a result, the moment of inertia of the shot blaster and the friction coefficient between the ambient air and the surface of the shot blaster are changed. These changes in the moment of inertia directly affect the torque to be applied by the drive of the shot blaster. Likewise, the desired function is impaired or no longer guaranteed due to the change in the moment of inertia. This can even lead to component damage and associated machine or plant malfunctions. Therefore, in order to increase the service life of the machine and plant and thus save costs, it is desirable to identify wear early.

[0007] The shot blaster is rotated by means of a drive in order to accelerate the shot to a throw-off speed. The drive can be designed, for example, as an electric motor. The motor can be controlled by a control unit, wherein the control unit controls parameters of the motor (torque, rotational speed, etc.).

[0008] The shot blaster or the drive of the shot blaster can assume different operating states during the operation of the shot blasting machine, for example the motor starting at the beginning of the acceleration phase of the shot blaster, the idling operation of the shot blaster, i.e. no shot is fed to the shot blaster, or for example the motor stopping at the end of the shot blasting process, at which the motor of the drive reduces the rotational speed of the shot blaster until the shot blaster is at rest.

[0009] Any suitable parameter of the drive of the shot blaster can be referred to as a detected or predefined characteristic parameter. For example, for the motor, the parameters include the rotational speed, the torque and / or the current or power characteristic values based on the torque characteristic parameter, which can be detected via the control unit of the drive or a corresponding measuring transducer connected upstream of the motor.

[0010] The predefined characteristic parameter can be understood as a measured characteristic parameter or a characteristic curve determined from the measurement data for the respective operating state. The predefined characteristic parameter or characteristic curve can be determined once before the operation of the shot blasting machine, wherein the shot blaster is not yet worn. The predefined characteristic parameter can serve as a reference for determining the wear state. Here, the detected or measured characteristic parameter in the operating state is compared with the reference value of the predefined characteristic parameter in this operating state. From the difference, the wear state can be inferred.

[0011] In some embodiments, the operating state can be a start-up operation of the shot blasting machine. The start-up operation of the shot blasting machine can be understood as a start-up (Hochlaufen) or acceleration of the shot blasting machine to a desired rotational speed. Here, a signal of a desired rated rotational speed of a motor, which can be directly connected to the shot blasting machine, is transmitted via the control unit, and a desired start-up curve or a desired acceleration curve of the motor, and thus of the shot blasting machine, is output.

[0012] In some embodiments, the method can further comprise the step of detecting the detected at least one characteristic parameter in a second operating state of the shot blasting machine. This can be advantageous in order to determine the wear not only on the basis of data of the operating state. By using at least two operating states in the wear monitoring, possible occurring error tolerances or measurement inaccuracies can be compensated.

[0013] In some embodiments, the second operating state can be an idling operation of the shot blasting machine. The idling operation is carried out without a load, i.e. without a delivery of shot to the shot blasting machine. Thereby, influences of external sources, for example of shot, can be avoided. The shot blasting machine rotates in the idling operation, for example, at a constant rotational speed. However, the idling operation can also be carried out at different rotational speeds alternately, for example by means of a stepped phase with a constant rotational speed, respectively.

[0014] In some embodiments, the method can further comprise the step of detecting the detected at least one characteristic parameter in a third operating state of the shot blasting machine. In order to further reduce the influence of measurement errors, the detected at least one characteristic parameter for a third operating state of the shot blasting machine can be considered. Furthermore, the wear state can exhibit different intensities in different operating states, so that by considering a plurality of operating states the wear state can be recognized earlier.

[0015] In some embodiments, the third operating state can be a deceleration stop operation (Auslaufbetrieb) of the shot blasting machine. The operating state after an operating phase can be referred to as a deceleration stop operation, wherein the operating phase is an operating state during actual operation. In the shot blasting machine, the operating phase is, for example, an operating state in which shot is delivered to the shot blasting machine and the shot is accelerated and thrown by the shot blasting machine. The deceleration stop operation can be started by a control command of the control unit, wherein the control command can comprise a reduction of the rotational speed of the drive device to zero. The reduction of the rotational speed or of another suitable parameter, for example of the torque, can be carried out in steps, linearly or exponentially.

[0016] In some embodiments, the method can further comprise the step of outputting a warning signal about the wear state when the determined wear state exceeds a predetermined value. The warning signal can make the user of the machine aware that a critical wear state has been reached, which can be predefined. The warning signal can be optical or acoustic. By means of the warning signal, it can be signaled that the full functionality of the machine is no longer guaranteed and that the component (e.g. the blasting blade of the blasting machine) needs to be replaced in time. By replacing the worn component in time, a machine breakdown and thus a longer downtime can be avoided.

[0017] In some embodiments, the control unit can power the drive motor of the blasting machine. The control unit of the drive motor can be a frequency converter. By means of the frequency converter, the rotational speed of the drive motor can be adjusted from almost zero to the rated rotational speed steplessly without reducing the torque. The drive motor can be a three-phase asynchronous motor.

[0018] In some embodiments, the at least one detected characteristic parameter can be the starting torque and / or the starting current and / or the no-load current and / or the no-load torque and / or the braking torque and / or the deceleration stop time and / or the starting time and / or the acceleration torque of the drive motor. The at least one detected characteristic parameter can be provided by the control unit of the drive motor.

[0019] In some embodiments, the wear state can be determined at predefined intervals. The predefined intervals can be time-dependent, for example after every 10 hours, 50 hours, 1000 hours or 2000 hours of operating time of the machine or of each individual drive of the blasting machine, wherein the unit "hours" can be defined as operating hours or load hours. The predefined intervals can also correspond to a predefined number of operating states, for example after 100, 500, 1000 or 5000 starting phases, no-load phases or deceleration stop phases of the blasting machine or of the individual drive of the blasting machine.

[0020] In some embodiments, the predefined intervals can be variable and the distance between two time points for determining the wear state can decrease with increasing operating duration. For example, the interval after replacing a component (e.g. a blasting blade) of the blasting machine can be greater than the interval after 10 hours or 50 hours of operating duration of the blasting machine and / or the interval after 10 hours or 50 hours of operating duration of the blasting machine can be greater than the interval after 1000 hours or 5000 hours of operating duration of the blasting machine. Thus, an effective determination of the critical wear state can be achieved.

[0021] The application also relates to a system for determining the wear state of a shot blasting machine in a shot blasting machine, having a shot blasting machine, a drive device for the shot blasting machine, a control unit for the drive device, and an evaluation unit, wherein the evaluation unit is designed to determine the wear state of the shot blasting machine using one of the methods described herein. The system is also suitable for carrying out the methods described herein.

[0022] In some embodiments, the system can also comprise an output unit, wherein the output unit is designed to output a warning message about the wear state when the determined wear state exceeds a predetermined value. In order to output the warning message, a suitable output medium, such as a display, a lamp or a loudspeaker, can be arranged directly on the shot blasting machine. However, the warning message can also be transmitted to an output medium that is not in the vicinity of the shot blasting machine or is distributed, for example by radio (Bluetooth, WLAN) or by data network (WAN, LAN). Thus, the wear state can also be monitored remotely, for example by outputting the warning message to a mobile phone or a computer, which in particular allows fully / partially autonomous operation of the machine.

[0023] The method according to the application can be used to automatically monitor the wear of a shot blasting machine for mechanically accelerating shot on a shot blasting machine. The method is based on the physical properties of the mass reduction and the surface changes (erosion) of the throw blades used in the shot blasting machine, which are described below by way of example with reference to the drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 A perspective view of a shot blasting machine is shown;

[0025] Figure 2A A schematic diagram for calculating the moment of inertia of the throw blades of a shot blasting machine is shown;

[0026] Figure 2B A schematic diagram for calculating the moment of inertia of the fastening system (bolts) of a shot blasting machine is shown;

[0027] Figure 2C A schematic diagram for calculating the moment of inertia of the sleeve (Hülse) of a shot blasting machine is shown;

[0028] Figure 3A A diagram showing a comparison of the torque curves of a shot blasting machine in start-up operation is shown;

[0029] Figure 3B A diagram showing a comparison of the torque curves of a shot blasting machine in idling operation is shown;

[0030] Figure 3C A diagram showing a comparison of the torque curves of a shot blasting machine in deceleration stop operation is shown;

[0031] Figure 4 A diagram for determining the wear of a shot blasting machine is shown;

[0032] Figure 5 A flow chart showing a method for determining the wear state of a shot blasting wheel; and

[0033] Figure 6 A system for determining the wear state of a shot blasting wheel is shown.

[0034] Figure 1 A perspective view of an exemplary shot blasting wheel 100 is shown, which is used to accelerate the shot in a shot blasting machine 602. The shot blasting wheel 100 can be implemented in different variants, such as a double-disc shot blasting wheel or a single-disc shot blasting wheel. Figure 1 The double-disc shot blasting machine 100 shown in the exemplary embodiment includes a first carrier disc 114 and a second carrier disc 116 arranged parallel to and offset from the first carrier disc 114. The two carrier discs 114, 116 are disc-shaped. In the illustrated embodiment, the two carrier discs 114, 116 are connected to each other at a defined distance by means of a sleeve 120. Grooves 122, 123 are formed on the inner sides 106 of the carrier discs 114, 116, which are open outward in the radial direction (i.e., open on the outer periphery of the carrier discs 114, 116). The grooves 122, 123 each taper inward in the radial direction. Each groove 122, 123 tapers in a strictly monotonous manner. The two side surfaces or side walls 108 of the grooves 122, 123 are convexly curved. Stoppers (not shown) are provided at the inner ends of the grooves 122, 123. However, the stops can also be formed by the tapering grooves 122, 123 themselves.

[0035] The shot blasting machine 100 includes a plurality of ejection blades 102, wherein the ejection blades 102 are arranged radially around the rotation axis A of the shot blasting machine 100 and are accommodated by grooves 122, 123. The ejection blades 102 have a Y-shaped cross section. Two opposing outer surfaces of the ejection blades 102 each form a guide surface 104 for the shot (not shown). Due to the Y-shaped geometry of the ejection blades 102, the shot blasting machine 100 can be operated both counterclockwise and clockwise around the rotation axis A. In other words, the ejection blades 102 can be used on both sides, thereby enabling a reversal of the direction of rotation.

[0036] The Y-shaped cross section forms a housing 112 between the two shorter legs, which has a concave outer contour. The housing 112 of the ejector blade 102 is configured to accommodate a bolt 118. The bolt 118 prevents the ejector blade 102 from moving in the radial direction when the shot blasting machine 100 rotates.

[0037] The shot material can be fed to the shot blaster 100 via the inlet 124. Upon rotation of the shot blaster 100 around the rotation axis A, the shot material is accelerated radially outwards by the projection blades 102. The shot material exits the shot blaster 100 through the outlets 126 arranged between the two projection blades 102, respectively. The projection blades 102 can be made of tool steel, hard metal or other wear-resistant alloys, whereby a high wear resistance can be achieved. Furthermore, Figure 1 The geometry of the shot blaster 100 also allows the projection blades 102 to be easily replaced when required, for example in case of excessive wear. For this purpose, the bolts 118 are simply loosened. Thereafter, the projection blades 102 can be removed radially outwards from the accommodation space defined by the first carrier disc 114 and the second carrier disc 116.

[0038] By feeding the shot material into the shot blaster 100 via the inlet 124 and by the rotation of the shot blaster 100 around the rotation axis A, the shot material impinges on the guide surface 104 of the shot blaster 100 at a relatively high speed. The impingement of the shot material on the guide surface 104 causes a material loss, i.e. a material reduction, in particular on the surface of the projection blades 102. This material loss can be referred to as abrasive wear. The mass loss causes a change in the moment of inertia of the associated components and thus also of the shot blaster 100. The effect of the mass reduction on the moment of inertia upon rotation of the shot blaster 100 can be calculated approximately as described below according to Figures 2A to 2C

[0039] Figures 2A to 2C A schematic diagram 200 for calculating the moment of inertia of an element of the shot blaster 100 is shown. In general, the moment of inertia can be determined by the following formula:

[0040]

[0041] wherein J i denotes the moment of inertia, m i denotes the mass and r i denotes the radius. The index i refers to the respective component for which the moment of inertia J i is to be calculated.

[0042] Figure 2A A schematic diagram 200 for calculating the moment of inertia of the projection blade 102 of the shot blaster 100 is shown. The projection blade 102 has a center of gravity 202 which moves on a circular path upon rotation of the projection blade 102 around the rotation axis A, the radius or the distance between the rotation axis A and the center of gravity 202 of the projection blade 102 being 204. The moment of inertia of the projection blade 102 can be calculated by means of the following formula:

[0043]

[0044] wherein J 抛射叶片 ​J represents the moment of inertia of the throwing blade 102 at the center of gravity 202 of the throwing blade 102, m 抛射叶片 m represents the mass of the throwing blade 102 at the center of gravity 202, and r 抛射叶片 r represents the radius, i.e. the distance between the axis of rotation A and the center of gravity 202.

[0045] By corresponding means, the moment of inertia of the bolt 118 Figure 2B ) and the sleeve 120 Figure 2C ) of the shot blaster 100 can be determined. The moment of inertia of the bolt 118 of the shot blaster 100 is calculated by the following formula:

[0046]

[0047] where J 螺栓 represents the moment of inertia of the bolt 118 at the center of gravity 206 of the bolt 118, m 螺栓 m represents the mass of the bolt 118 at the center of gravity 206 of the bolt 118, and r 螺栓 r represents the radius, i.e. the distance between the axis of rotation A and the center of gravity 206 of the bolt 118. The moment of inertia of the sleeve 120 of the shot blaster 100 is calculated by the following formula:

[0048]

[0049] where J 套筒 represents the moment of inertia of the sleeve 120 at the center of gravity 210 of the sleeve 120, m 套筒 m represents the mass of the sleeve 120 at the center of gravity 210 of the sleeve 120, and r 套筒 r represents the distance between the axis of rotation A and the center of gravity 210 of the sleeve 120. From the calculation of the moments of inertia of the throwing blade 102, the bolt 118 and the sleeve 120, the moment of inertia of the shot blaster 100 can be approximately determined.

[0050] The calculation of the moment of inertia is directly related to the measurement data of the drive device 608 of the shot blaster 100, that is, the measurement results of the characteristic parameters of the drive device 608 determine the approximately calculated moment of inertia. Therefore, the measured or detected characteristic parameters (e.g. rotational speed or torque) of the drive device 608 of the shot blaster 100 can serve as a basis for determining the output parameters, or as a reference parameter for determining the wear state of the shot blaster 100. The change in the consumption power of the control unit 604 for the drive device 608 of the shot blaster 100 indicates a change in the moment of inertia of the shot blaster 100, and thus indicates the wear of the shot blaster 100.

[0051] By means of software for evaluating the data of the control unit 604 (which supplies power to the drive device 608 (e.g., a drive motor) of the shot blasting machine 100), the difference between a new ejection blade 102 (i.e., an unworn ejection blade 102) and a worn ejection blade 102 can be measured and evaluated. To this end, the data of the control unit 604 are recorded or registered by means of the software and then displayed in the form of a diagram. Figures 3A to 3C By way of example, a diagram shows the torque curves of a shot blasting machine 100 having ejector blades 102 in different operating states of the shot blasting machine 100 , wherein the ejector blades 102 have different wear states.

[0052] Figure 3A Schematic comparison of the torque curves of the shot blasting machine 100 during the starting operation of the shot blasting machine 602 is shown. The start-up of the drive motor of the shot blasting machine 100 can be referred to as the starting operation of the shot blasting machine 602. Figure 3A The diagram shows a linearized torque curve of a shot blasting machine 100 with ejection blades 102 of varying degrees of wear. The torque curve can be determined, for example, by interpolation from a measured torque curve. The first torque curve 302 can be referred to as a reference characteristic curve or a predefined characteristic curve. The first torque curve 302 can be determined during the start-up operation of a shot blasting machine 100 with a new ejection blade 102 (i.e., an ejection blade 102 without wear). This reference characteristic curve can be compared with the torque curves of shot blasting machines 100 with ejection blades 102 of varying degrees of wear. For example, in Figure 3A , a second torque curve 304, a third torque curve 306, and a fourth torque curve 308 are shown. The second torque curve 304 exhibits a torque level that is lower over time than the first torque curve 302. The second torque curve 304 characterizes a shot blasting machine 100 having ejection blades 102 that are more worn than new ejection blades 102 of the shot blasting machine 100 of the first torque curve 302. The third torque curve 306 in turn has a torque level that is lower over time than the second torque curve 304, wherein the third torque curve 306 was determined when the shot blasting machine 100 had ejection blades 102 that were more worn than the ejection blades 102 of the shot blasting machine 100 of the second torque curve 304. The fourth torque curve 308 has a torque level that is lower over time than the third torque curve 306, wherein the fourth torque curve 308 was determined when the shot blasting machine 100 had ejection blades 102 that were more worn than the ejection blades 102 of the shot blasting machine 100 of the third torque curve 306. Figure 3AAs can be seen, the torque values of the first torque curve 302, the second torque curve 304, the third torque curve 306 and the fourth torque curve 308 can be clearly distinguished. The distance of the torque values of the second torque curve 304, the third torque curve 306 and the fourth torque curve 308 at a point in time from the torque value of the first torque curve 302 at this point in time can be a representation of the wear state of the projection blade 102. Likewise, the distance of the average torque over time of the second torque curve 304, the third torque curve 306 and the fourth torque curve 308 relative to the average torque over time of the first torque curve 302 can be a representation of the wear state of the projection blade 102.

[0053] Figure 3B A diagram showing a comparison of torque curves of the shot blaster 100 in an idling operation of the shot blasting machine 602 is shown. The operating state after the start-up operation in time, for example, once the predefined rated rotational speed of the shot blaster 100 is reached, can be referred to as the idling operation of the shot blasting machine 602. The idling operation is characterized by an operation at constant rotational speed and without load, i.e. without the shot material being fed to the shot blaster 100. According to Figure 3B , a first torque curve 312 of the shot blaster 100 with a projection blade 102 having a different wear state is shown, which can again be considered as a reference characteristic curve, as well as a second torque curve 314, a third torque curve 316 and a fourth torque curve 318. Here, it is determined that the projection blade 102 of the shot blaster 100 of the fourth torque curve 318 has a greater wear state than the projection blade 102 of the shot blaster 100 of the third torque curve 316. It is determined that the projection blade 102 of the shot blaster 100 of the third torque curve 316 has a greater wear state than the projection blade 102 of the shot blaster 100 of the second torque curve 314. Figure 3B A clear difference in the torque curves of the shot blaster 100 in the case of the projection blade 102 with different degrees of wear is also shown.

[0054] Figure 3C A diagram showing a comparison of torque curves of the shot blaster 100 in a decelerated stop operation of the shot blasting machine 602 is shown. The decelerated stop of the drive motor of the shot blaster 100 can be referred to as the decelerated stop operation of the shot blasting machine 602. Here, the rated speed curve 300 is sent to the drive motor of the shot blaster 100 by the control unit 604. The rated speed curve 300 represents the desired rotational speed curve of the shot blaster 100 during the decelerated stop phase of the drive motor. Starting from an operating rotational speed, for example, 3000 u / min, the rotational speed of the shot blaster 100 is reduced to zero rotational speed, as shown in Figure 3C Figure 3C Figure 3A and Figure 3B ​​Again, different torque curves of the shot blaster 100 with different wear states of the projection blades 102 are shown. The assignment of the wear states is in accordance with the description in Figure 3A and Figure 3B , i.e. the first torque curve 322 can be regarded as a reference characteristic curve of a shot blaster 100 without wear. The second torque curve 324, the third torque curve 326 and the fourth torque curve 328 correspond to the previous description of Figure 3A and Figure 3B show torque curves of the shot blaster 100 with different wear states, wherein the fourth torque curve 328 characterizes the shot blaster 100 with the greatest wear. In Figure 3C , in addition to the torque curves 322, 324, 326, 328, the corresponding rotational speed curves 332, 334, 336, 338 are also shown. Here, the first rotational speed curve 332 is associated with the first torque curve 322, the second rotational speed curve 334 is associated with the second torque curve 324, the third rotational speed curve 336 is associated with the third torque curve 326, and the fourth rotational speed curve 338 is associated with the fourth torque curve 328. The measured values of the rotational speed and the torque show the correlation of the deceleration stop behavior of the shot blaster 100 under the projection blades 100 with different degrees of wear. The distance of the torque values of the second torque curve 324, the third torque curve 326 and the fourth torque curve 328 at a point in time from the torque values of the first torque curve 322 at this point in time, and the distance of the rotational speed values of the second rotational speed curve 334, the third rotational speed curve 336 and the fourth rotational speed curve 338 at a point in time from the rotational speed values of the first rotational speed curve 332 at this point in time can be a characterization of the wear state of the projection blades 102.

[0055] The wear of the projection blades 102 can thus be determined by means of directly measured data of the drive device 608 of the shot blaster 100, for example the torque or the rotational speed. In order to determine the wear state, other physical characteristic parameters can also be used, for example the starting torque, the starting current, the no-load current, the no-load torque, the braking torque, the deceleration stop time, the starting time and / or the positive or negative acceleration torque. As described above, these characteristic parameters can be recorded repeatedly over time with reference parameters, for example based on data of a shot blaster 100 without wear, and stored in the evaluation unit 606 and compared in order to thus identify the wear present. If wear is identified, for example when the determined wear state exceeds a predetermined value, a warning or a warning message can be issued by means of a machine control or other human-machine interface (HMI).

[0056] The wear state of the shot blaster 100 can be checked automatically with a predefined period by means of the evaluation unit 606. The predefined period can be related to time or to the number of operating states completed. In order to determine and judge the wear state of the shot blaster 100, as in Figure 4As shown in the middle, either a predefined characteristic parameter or a predefined characteristic curve can be used.

[0057] Figure 4 A diagram 400 for determining the wear of the shot blaster 100 is shown. The relationship between the torque drop of the throw blade 102 and the mass loss of the throw blade 102 is shown. The torque drop is plotted on the ordinate of the diagram 400 in percentage values relative to a reference value (e.g. the torque of a new, unworn throw blade 102). The abscissa represents percentage values of the mass loss relative to a reference value (e.g. the mass of a new, unworn throw blade 102). Furthermore, the abscissa is divided into two regions 402, 404. The first region 402 is the first throw blade side and the second region 404 is the second throw blade side, wherein the throw blade side corresponds to the guide face 104 described herein. The determined measurement values 406 can be entered into the diagram 400 and, for example, by interpolation, be assigned to a characteristic curve 408. On the basis of the characteristic curve 408, the wear state of the shot blaster 100 can be determined. By means of this characteristic curve 408, a warning indication about the wear state of the throw blade 102 can be transmitted to the user of the shot blasting machine 602 in the respective state by the evaluation unit 606 used.

[0058] Figure 5 A flowchart 500 of a method for determining the wear state of the shot blaster 100 is shown. In a first step 502, at least one characteristic parameter of a drive device of the shot blaster 100 in at least one operating state of the shot blaster 100 is detected, wherein the detected characteristic parameter characterizes a characteristic parameter of the shot blaster 100 having wear in the at least one operating state. In a second step 504, the detected at least one characteristic parameter is compared with a predefined characteristic parameter for the at least one operating state, wherein the predefined characteristic parameter characterizes a characteristic parameter of the shot blaster 100 having no wear in the at least one operating state. In a third step 506, the wear state of the shot blaster 100 is determined on the basis of the comparison of the detected at least one characteristic parameter with the predefined characteristic parameter for the at least one operating state.

[0059] Figure 6 A system 600 for determining the wear state of the shot blaster 100 in the shot blasting machine 602 is shown. According to the application, the system 600 comprises the shot blaster 100, a drive device 608 of the shot blaster 100, a control unit 604 for the drive device 608 and an evaluation unit 606. The evaluation unit 606 can be a data processing device, for example a programmable logic controller (SPS) with corresponding software. The data of the control unit 604 can be compared by means of the software and the predefined characteristic parameters or characteristic curves stored therein in order to determine or evaluate the wear state of the shot blaster 100 (in particular of the throw blade 102).

[0060] The method according to the application and the system according to the application enable an automated wear determination and wear monitoring of the shot accelerating system of a shot blasting machine 602, in particular of a shot thrower 100 or another machine, based on directly measured data of a control unit 604, which regulates the drive device 608 of the shot thrower 100.

[0061] List of reference signs

[0062] 100 shot thrower

[0063] 102 throw blade

[0064] 104 guide surface

[0065] 106 inner side

[0066] 108 side surface

[0067] 112 accommodation

[0068] 114 first carrier disc

[0069] 116 second carrier disc

[0070] 118 bolt

[0071] 120 sleeve

[0072] 122 slot

[0073] 123 slot

[0074] 124 inlet

[0075] 126 outlet

[0076] 200 diagram for calculating the moment of inertia of an element of a shot thrower

[0077] 202 center of gravity of the throw blade

[0078] 204 distance between the rotational axis and the center of gravity of the throw blade

[0079] 206 center of gravity of the bolt

[0080] 208 distance between the rotational axis and the center of gravity of the bolt

[0081] 210 center of gravity of the sleeve

[0082] 212 distance between the rotational axis and the center of gravity of the sleeve

[0083] 302 first torque curve in a start-up operation

[0084] 304 second torque curve in a start-up operation

[0085] 306 third torque curve in start-up operation

[0086] 308 fourth torque curve in start-up operation

[0087] 312 first torque curve in idling operation

[0088] 314 second torque curve in idling operation

[0089] 316 third torque curve in idling operation

[0090] 318 fourth torque curve in idling operation

[0091] 322 first torque curve in deceleration stop operation

[0092] 324 second torque curve in deceleration stop operation

[0093] 326 third torque curve in deceleration stop operation

[0094] 328 fourth torque curve in deceleration stop operation

[0095] 330 rated rotational speed curve in deceleration stop operation

[0096] 332 first rotational speed curve in deceleration stop operation

[0097] 334 second rotational speed curve in deceleration stop operation

[0098] 336 third rotational speed curve in deceleration stop operation

[0099] 338 fourth rotational speed curve in deceleration stop operation

[0100] 400 diagram for determining the wear of a shot blasting machine

[0101] 402 region of a first throw blade side

[0102] 404 region of a second throw blade side

[0103] 406 measured value

[0104] 408 characteristic curve

[0105] 500 flow chart of a method for determining the wear state of a shot blasting machine

[0106] 502 step for detecting at least one characteristic parameter of a drive device of a shot blasting machine

[0107] 504 step for comparing the detected at least one characteristic parameter with a predefined characteristic parameter

[0108] Step 506 is for determining the wear state of the abrasive blaster based on a comparison of the detected at least one characteristic parameter with a predefined characteristic parameter

[0109] Step 600 for determining the wear state of the abrasive blaster is for a system for determining the wear state of an abrasive blaster

[0110] 602 an abrasive blaster

[0111] 604 a control unit

[0112] 606 an evaluation unit

[0113] 608 a drive device

[0114] A rotational axis.

Claims

1. A method for determining a wear state of a shot blaster (100) in a shot blasting machine (602), wherein, The method comprises the following steps: detecting at least one characteristic parameter of the drive device (608) of the shot blaster (100) in at least one operating state of the shot blaster (100) on the basis of data of a control unit (604) for the drive device (608); comparing the detected at least one characteristic parameter with a predefined characteristic parameter for the at least one operating state, wherein the predefined characteristic parameter characterizes a characteristic parameter of the shot blaster (100) in the at least one operating state without wear; and determining a wear state on the basis of the comparison of the detected at least one characteristic parameter with the predefined characteristic parameter for the at least one operating state, characterized in that the at least one characteristic parameter is detected in a start-up operation and / or a deceleration stop operation of the shot blaster (100).

2. The method according to claim 1, further comprising: detecting at least one characteristic parameter in another operating state of the shot blaster (100), which is an idling operation of the shot blaster (100).

3. The method according to claim 1, further comprising: outputting a warning prompt about the wear state when the determined wear state exceeds a predetermined value.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein, The control unit (604) supplies the drive motor of the shot blaster (100).

5. The method according to claim 4, further comprising: detecting at least one characteristic parameter in another operating state of the shot blaster (100), which is an idling operation of the shot blaster (100), wherein the detected at least one characteristic parameter is a start-up torque and / or a start-up current and / or an idling current and / or an idling torque and / or a braking torque and / or a deceleration stop time and / or a start-up time and / or an acceleration torque of the drive motor.

6. The method of any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein, The wear state is determined at predefined intervals.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein, The predefined intervals are variable and the distance between two points in time for determining the wear state decreases with increasing operating duration.

8. A system for determining a wear state of a shot blaster (100) in a shot blasting machine (602), comprising: a shot blaster (100); a drive device (608) of the shot blaster (100); a control unit (604) for the drive device (608); and an evaluation unit (606), wherein the evaluation unit (606) is designed to determine a wear state of the shot blaster (100) by applying the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

9. The system (600) according to claim 8, further comprising: an output unit, wherein the output unit is designed to output a warning prompt about the wear state when the determined wear state exceeds a predetermined value.

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