A light hole self-adapting sealing device for combustion chamber case pressure test

Abstract

The application provides a light hole self-adaptive sealing device for combustion chamber case pressure test, comprising: a conical plug, which is installed on a light hole of a case inner cavity, and a sealing washer is sleeved on the conical plug and in contact with the inner wall of the case; and a fixing piece, which is located outside the case and is used for fixing the conical plug on the case. The light hole self-adaptive sealing device can seal and block the light hole of the combustion chamber case, which has no convex platform or mounting seat and other reinforcing structures, solves the problem of sealing failure caused by deformation of the light hole of the case in the pressure test, and has the advantages of simple operation method, easy implementation, greatly reduced operation difficulty of the test personnel and improved test efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a combustion chamber casing pressure test design technology, and in particular to a light hole adaptive sealing device for a combustion chamber casing pressure test. Background Art

[0002] The combustion chamber is one of the primary force-transmitting components of an aircraft engine, forming the core high-pressure casing. It contains the engine's high-temperature, high-pressure gases (gas pressures can reach tens of times atmospheric pressure). If the combustion chamber ruptures, the high-temperature, high-pressure gases within the casing could rapidly escape, causing the casing to explode and ignite, posing a direct threat to aircraft safety. Therefore, to ensure safety, the combustion chamber casing must withstand at least twice the maximum operating pressure without failure, and pressure testing is essential for verification and assessment.

[0003] Combustion chamber casing pressure tests are typically conducted using oil pressure on a static tester. During the test, oil is injected into the casing cavity until the oil pressure reaches the test target pressure, verifying whether the combustion chamber casing will be damaged. Due to casing installation and functional requirements, the combustion chamber casing is typically machined with several nozzle holes, lead holes, test holes, etc. of varying sizes. To maintain oil pressure during the pressure test, these openings must be sealed to prevent oil leakage and the resulting impact on oil pressure.

[0004] Currently, domestic seal designs for combustion chamber casing pressure tests typically utilize open holes with reinforced structures such as bosses and mounting brackets. However, when conducting pressure tests in a pressure laboratory, a bare hole without any reinforcement will deform as the casing deforms as pressure continues to increase. This can render the existing seal ineffective, compromising the casing pressure test.

[0005] In view of this, it is necessary to design a sealing device suitable for the light hole to prevent oil leakage and pressure relief at the light hole during the pressure test, so as to ensure the smooth implementation of the combustion chamber casing pressure test. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to design an adaptive sealing device for light holes used in combustion chamber casing pressure testing, which can solve the problem that light holes on the combustion chamber casing without reinforcement structures cannot be sealed using existing sealing devices and the sealing effect cannot be guaranteed.

[0007] The technical solution for achieving the purpose of the invention is as follows: A light hole adaptive sealing device for combustion chamber casing pressure testing, comprising:

[0008] A conical plug is installed on the receiver's light hole through the receiver's inner cavity, and a sealing gasket is provided on the conical plug to contact the receiver's inner wall;

[0009] A fixing part is located outside the casing and is used to fix the conical plug on the casing.

[0010] When conducting a combustion chamber casing pressure test, as the pressure in the casing cavity gradually increases, the casing light hole will also gradually deform (for example, the aperture will expand, the circular hole will deform into an elliptical hole, etc.), and the casing light hole will deform from elastic to plastic. After the deformation, the casing light hole will not recover. The light hole adaptive sealing device designed in the present invention can adaptively seal the casing light hole as the pressure test proceeds, thereby ensuring the sealing effect at the casing light hole. The sealing principle is: the sealing gasket is a component with a certain deformation margin, which is mounted on the conical plug. During the pressure test, as the pressure continues to increase, the pressure in the cavity acts on the conical plug, so that the conical plug applies pressure on the sealing gasket toward the casing light hole, causing it to deform and fill and embed into the gap between the casing light hole and the conical plug formed by the deformation of the casing light hole, thereby sealing it.

[0011] In one embodiment, the conical plug includes a conical section, a cylindrical section, and a locking section;

[0012] The conical segment is located in the inner cavity of the casing, and the diameter of the small end of the conical segment is smaller than the diameter of the optical hole of the casing;

[0013] The outer peripheral wall of the cylindrical section is smooth, and the cylindrical section is located in the optical hole of the casing;

[0014] The locking section is located outside the casing, and a locking portion that cooperates with the fixing member is provided on the locking section.

[0015] In one embodiment, a baffle is provided at the large end of the conical section.

[0016] In one embodiment, the locking portion is any one of a threaded structure, a spring buckle structure, and a stop structure.

[0017] In one embodiment, the taper angle of the conical plug ranges from 30° to 45°.

[0018] In one embodiment, the inner ring edge of the sealing gasket is processed with a slope that matches the conical section.

[0019] In one embodiment, the sealing gasket is made of a flexible material, including any one of a ductile metal gasket and an elastic gasket.

[0020] In one embodiment, a retaining ring is machined on the inner ring of the sealing gasket and is embedded in the optical hole of the casing.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: the light hole adaptive sealing device disclosed in the present invention has been successfully applied in a certain type of engine combustion chamber casing pressure test and has the following advantages:

[0022] 1) The light hole on the combustion chamber casing without any reinforcement structure such as bosses and mounting seats is better sealed, solving the problem of deformation of the casing light hole during pressure testing, which leads to sealing failure;

[0023] 2) The method of the adaptive sealing device is simple and easy to implement, which can greatly reduce the operating difficulty of the test personnel and improve the test efficiency.

[0024] 3) The adaptive sealing device has a simple structure, which reduces the test cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for describing the embodiments.

[0026] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the light hole adaptive sealing device in a specific embodiment;

[0027] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a sealing gasket being pressed into a gap formed by a light hole in a casing and a tapered plug in a specific embodiment;

[0028] Among them, 1. conical plug; 2. fixing part; 3. sealing gasket; 11. conical section; 12. cylindrical section; 13. locking section; 111. baffle; 100. receiver light hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The present invention will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments, and the advantages and features of the present invention will become clearer as the description proceeds. However, these embodiments are merely exemplary and do not constitute any limitation to the scope of the present invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the details and forms of the technical solutions of the present invention may be modified or replaced without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and such modifications and replacements fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] Before the combustion chamber casing pressure test, all holes on the casing need to be sealed with sealing parts. Conventional sealing parts can only simply seal the casing light hole 100 without bosses and reinforcement structures. However, during the pressure test, as the pressure in the casing cavity gradually increases, the casing light hole 100 will gradually deform, causing the sealing part to lose its sealing effect.

[0031] On this basis, this specific embodiment provides a light hole adaptive sealing device for combustion chamber casing pressure test, see Figure 1The light hole adaptive sealing device includes a conical plug 1, a fixing part 2, and a sealing gasket 3. The conical plug 1 is provided with a sealing gasket 3 that contacts the inner wall of the receiver. After the conical plug 1 passes through the light hole 100 of the receiver from the inner cavity of the receiver, it is fixed by the fixing part 2 to prevent the conical plug 1 from falling off the light hole of the receiver.

[0032] The light hole adaptive sealing device can adaptively seal the light hole 100 of the receiver as the pressure test progresses, ensuring the sealing effect at the light hole 100 of the receiver. Its sealing principle is as follows: the sealing gasket 3 is a component with a certain deformation margin, which is sleeved on the conical plug 1. During the pressure test, as the pressure does not continue to increase, the pressure in the cavity acts on the conical plug 1, so that the conical plug 1 applies pressure to the sealing gasket 3 toward the light hole 100 of the receiver, causing it to deform and then fill and embed into the gap formed by the deformation of the light hole 100 of the receiver and the conical plug 1 to seal it again. See Figure 2 shown.

[0033] In one embodiment, the conical plug 1 is made of stainless steel or nickel-based alloy or other materials that can meet the rigidity requirements. Figure 1 As shown, the conical plug 1 includes a conical section 11 , a cylindrical section 12 , and a locking section 13 .

[0034] The conical section 11 is located in the inner cavity of the casing, and the diameter of the small end of the conical section 11 is smaller than the diameter of the casing light hole, so that when moving toward the conical section 11, the conical section 11 can enter the deformed casing light hole 100.

[0035] In an optional embodiment, the height of the conical section 11 cannot be too high to prevent the casing light hole 100 from bringing undesigned impact loads and bending moment loads when loading pressure, thereby affecting normal testing. Therefore, in this embodiment, the height is preferably selected to be no more than 20 mm.

[0036] In an optional embodiment, the tapered plug 1, that is, the conical section 11, is not conducive to squeezing the sealing gasket 3 if the taper is too large or too small. Therefore, in this embodiment, the taper range is preferably selected to be 30° to 45°.

[0037] In an alternative embodiment, see Figure 1 As shown, the conical plug 1, that is, the large end of the conical section 11 is provided with a baffle 111, and the diameter of the baffle 111 is 2 to 5 times the diameter of the receiver light hole 100. It can prevent the receiver light hole 100 from being deformed too much, and when the sealing gasket 3 cannot seal the gap between the receiver light hole 100 and the conical plug 1, the baffle 111 can be in close contact with the inner wall of the receiver for auxiliary sealing.

[0038] The outer peripheral wall of the cylindrical section 12 is smooth, and the cylindrical section 12 is located in the optical hole of the casing.

[0039] In an optional embodiment, the height of the cylindrical section 12 (which may also be referred to as the radial length) is required to be slightly smaller than the sum of the thickness of the casing and the thickness of the sealing gasket 3 .

[0040] The locking section 13 is located outside the casing, and a locking portion that cooperates with the fixing member 2 is provided on the locking section 13 .

[0041] In an optional embodiment, the locking portion is any one of a threaded structure, a spring buckle structure, and a stop structure. Other locking structures that can lock and limit the conical plug 1 can also be selected.

[0042] In one embodiment, the sealing gasket 3 is mainly used to press into the gap formed by the casing light hole 100 and the conical plug 1 under the pressure of the conical section 11 when the casing light hole 100 is deformed. Figure 2 As shown in the figure, the sealing gasket 3 is required to be made of a flexible material, which may include any one of a ductile metal gasket or an elastic gasket. For example, the sealing gasket 3 may be made of copper or aluminum or an alloy thereof, or may be made of rubber.

[0043] In an optional embodiment, the profile of the sealing gasket 3 needs to be completely in contact with the inner wall of the combustion chamber casing to ensure the sealing effect. When the casing has an irregular wall surface such as an arc-shaped casing, the contact surface also needs to be run-in.

[0044] In an optional embodiment, in order to ensure that the sealing gasket 3 can be pressed into the gap formed by the receiver light hole 100 and the conical plug 1 and ensure its sealing effect, the thickness of the sealing gasket 3 is required to be neither too small nor too large. In this embodiment, the thickness of the sealing gasket 3 is preferably selected to be 10~20mm.

[0045] In an optional embodiment not shown in the drawings, the inner ring edge of the sealing gasket 3 is processed with a bevel that matches the conical section 11. The setting of the bevel on the inner ring edge of the sealing gasket 3 can enable the sealing gasket to be smoothly pressed by the conical section 11 into the gap formed by the receiver light hole 100 and the conical plug 1.

[0046] In an optional embodiment not shown in the accompanying drawings, a retaining ring is processed on the inner ring of the sealing gasket 3 and is embedded in the receiver light hole. On the one hand, the retaining ring can seal the receiver light hole 100, and on the other hand, it also helps the conical section 11 to be pressed into the gap formed by the inner ring of the sealing gasket 3 and the receiver light hole 100 and the conical plug 1.

[0047] It should be noted that, in this specific embodiment, the material, thickness, structure, etc. of the sealing gasket 3 need to be designed according to factors such as the casing test pressure, the deformation of the light hole, the taper of the plug, etc., to ensure the deformation of the sealing gasket.

[0048] In this specific embodiment, an adaptive light hole sealing device is designed for the 20.5mm diameter receiver aperture 100. Considering the sealing requirements and economic efficiency of the adaptive sealing device, the conical plug 1 is constructed from 961 stainless steel. The conical section 11 is designed to be 15mm long with a 30° taper. The cylindrical section 12 has a height (i.e., radial length) of 3.5mm. The locking section 13 is designed as an M20 threaded rod. The fixing member 2 is also constructed from 961 stainless steel and designed as an M20 lock nut. The sealing gasket 3 is constructed from aluminum, with an outer diameter (60mm) larger than the aperture 100, an inner diameter (20.2mm) slightly smaller than the aperture 100, and a thickness of 1.5mm. Combustion chamber casing pressure testing has verified that the adaptive light hole sealing device with these specifications provides effective sealing of the receiver aperture 100 from elastic deformation to final plastic deformation.

[0049] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0050] In addition, it should be understood that although this specification is described in terms of implementation methods, not every implementation method contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative method of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other implementation methods that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A light hole adaptive sealing device for combustion chamber casing pressure test, characterized in that: include: A conical plug (1), the conical plug (1) being mounted on the receiver light hole from the inner cavity of the receiver, the conical plug (1) being sleeved with a sealing gasket (3) in contact with the inner wall of the receiver, the inner ring edge of the sealing gasket (3) being processed with an inclined surface matching the conical section (11) on the conical plug (1), the inclined surface being used to enable the sealing gasket (3) to be smoothly pressed by the conical section (11) into the gap formed between the receiver light hole (100) and the conical plug (1); A fixing member (2), the fixing member (2) being located outside the casing, and the fixing member (2) being used to fix the conical plug (1) on the casing; During the pressure test, as the pressure continues to increase, the pressure in the cavity acts on the conical plug (1), and the conical plug (1) applies pressure to the sealing gasket (3) in the direction of the receiver light hole (100), causing it to deform and then fill and embed into the gap between the receiver light hole (100) and the conical plug (1) formed by the deformation of the receiver light hole (100).

2. The light hole adaptive sealing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conical plug (1) comprises a conical section (11), a cylindrical section (12), and a locking section (13); The conical section (11) is located in the inner cavity of the casing, and the diameter of the small end of the conical section (11) is smaller than the diameter of the optical hole of the casing; The outer peripheral wall of the cylindrical section (12) is smooth, and the cylindrical section (12) is located in the light hole of the casing; The locking section (13) is located outside the casing, and a locking portion that cooperates with the fixing member (2) is provided on the locking section (13).

3. The light hole adaptive sealing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A baffle (111) is provided at the large end of the conical section (11).

4. The light hole adaptive sealing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The locking portion is any one of a thread structure, a spring buckle structure, and a stop structure.

5. The light hole adaptive sealing device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The taper range of the conical plug (1) is 30° to 45°.

6. The light hole adaptive sealing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sealing gasket (3) is made of a flexible material, including any one of a ductile metal gasket and an elastic gasket.

7. The light hole adaptive sealing device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The inner ring of the sealing gasket (3) is processed with a retaining ring embedded in the light hole of the casing.

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