A recycled aluminum smelting furnace

Abstract

The present invention discloses a recycled aluminum smelting furnace, belonging to the field of metallurgical equipment, and solves the problems of small production capacity, low impurity separation efficiency and low thermal energy utilization rate existing in the existing smelting furnaces. The present invention includes a furnace chamber, a feeding tower is arranged in the middle of the furnace chamber, a smoke exhaust pipe is arranged at the top of the feeding tower, a feeding port is arranged on the side of the feeding tower, the side walls on both sides of the feeding tower extend downward into the furnace chamber to form extension walls, a partition wall is arranged outside the extension walls, the top and both ends of the partition wall are connected to the inner wall of the furnace chamber, the lower ends of the extension walls and the partition wall are not connected to the bottom of the furnace chamber, and the extension walls and the partition wall divide the furnace chamber into a melting zone, a separation zone and a smelting zone from the middle to both sides. Combustion ports and discharge ports are respectively arranged on the side walls of the smelting zone, and an ash cleaning port is arranged on the side wall of the separation zone. The present invention realizes the continuous addition, continuous melting and continuous aluminum discharging of materials to ensure the uniform composition of the aluminum solution and improve the smelting capacity; the present invention realizes the high separation of aluminum liquid and aluminum ash and improves the quality of aluminum liquid.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of metallurgical equipment, and in particular relates to a regenerative aluminum smelting furnace. Background Art

[0002] The melting points of commonly used aluminum alloys are not high, and there are basically two types of smelting furnaces: crucible furnace and reverberatory furnace.

[0003] Crucible furnace is a commonly used equipment for smelting recycled aluminum alloy. Its advantages are low investment, easy operation and high metal recovery rate, but its disadvantages are small production capacity, short life and unstable composition, which is difficult to compare with large reverberatory furnace.

[0004] Reverberatory furnaces are coal-fired, gas-fired, and oil-fired depending on the fuel. Coal-fired reverberatory furnaces are equipped with a combustion chamber, and the flame is reflected to the smelting chamber through the arched furnace roof. With the development of recycled aluminum technology, a large number of modern reverberatory furnaces no longer use coal as fuel, but more use oil and gas. Therefore, the concept of reverberatory furnaces has faded, and they are generally called flame smelting furnaces. Reverberatory furnaces are divided into rectangular furnaces and circular furnaces according to the cross-sectional shape, and most of them use rectangular furnaces, which are easier to build and have a lower cost. Circular reverberatory furnaces are expensive and inconvenient to maintain, but have a higher thermal energy utilization rate.

[0005] Existing reverberatory furnaces have developed double-chamber reverberatory furnaces, reverberatory furnaces with charging wells, reverberatory furnaces with electromagnetic stirring systems, drop-type reverberatory furnaces, and rotary reverberatory furnaces based on traditional reverberatory furnaces. However, they still have problems such as small production capacity, low impurity separation efficiency, low thermal energy utilization, and high energy consumption. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a regenerative aluminum smelting furnace to solve the problems of small production capacity, low impurity separation efficiency and low thermal energy utilization rate existing in the existing smelting furnace.

[0007] The technical solution of the present invention is: a regeneration aluminum smelting furnace, including a furnace, a feeding tower is arranged in the middle of the furnace, a smoke exhaust pipe is arranged on the top of the feeding tower, a feeding port is opened on the side of the feeding tower, and the side walls on both sides of the feeding tower extend downward into the furnace to form an extended wall, a partition wall is arranged on the outside of the extended wall, the top and both ends of the partition wall are connected to the inner wall of the furnace, the lower ends of the extended wall and the partition wall are not connected to the bottom of the furnace, the extended wall and the partition wall divide the furnace from the middle to both sides into a melting zone, a separation zone and a smelting zone, the side walls of the smelting zone are respectively provided with a combustion port and a discharge port, the side walls of the separation zone are provided with a ash cleaning port, and a ash cleaning door is provided at the ash cleaning port.

[0008] As a further feature of the present invention, a stirrer is provided at the bottom of the furnace.

[0009] As a further development of the present invention, a smoke channel is provided on the partition wall, and a plurality of smoke homogenization channels are provided on the extension wall.

[0010] As a further improvement of the present invention, a siphon chamber is provided at the outer end of the discharge port, and a siphon outlet is formed on the side wall of the siphon chamber.

[0011] As a further improvement of the present invention, the combustion port is located at the end of the furnace chamber, and the discharge port is located at the side of the furnace chamber.

[0012] As a further improvement of the present invention, an observation port is formed on the side wall of the smelting zone, and an observation door is provided at the observation port.

[0013] As a further improvement of the present invention, the combustion port is in a horn shape, and the opening angle is 45-75°.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0015] 1. The present invention divides the furnace chamber into multiple zones. The material enters the feeding tower from the feeding port and forms a material column in the feeding tower. The lower end of the material column is immersed in the aluminum solution at the bottom of the furnace chamber and continuously melts. The flame is sprayed into the smelting zone through the combustion port, and superheated aluminum liquid is formed in the smelting zone. The superheated aluminum liquid contacts the newly melted aluminum solution, continuously melting the material. The aluminum solution in the smelting zone continuously flows out through the discharge port. Thus, continuous feeding, continuous melting, and continuous aluminum discharging are achieved, ensuring the uniform composition of the aluminum solution and improving the smelting capacity.

[0016] 2. Due to the different specific gravities of the aluminum liquid and the aluminum ash, the two can be separated in the separation zone. The upper-layer aluminum ash is blocked by the partition wall and does not enter the smelting zone, gathering in the separation zone and finally being cleared out through the ash cleaning port. The lower-layer aluminum liquid enters the smelting zone and flows out through the discharge port. Thus, a high-degree separation of the aluminum liquid and the aluminum ash is achieved, reducing the impurities in the aluminum liquid and improving the quality of the aluminum liquid.

[0017] 3. The high-temperature flue gas in the smelting zone enters the feeding tower through the flue gas channel and the flue gas homogenization channel. Under the homogenization effect, the flue gas fully contacts the material in the feeding tower, using the flue gas to preheat the material, and the heat utilization efficiency is high.

[0018] 4. The structure of the present invention is simple, easy to implement, has a large production capacity, and has good practicability. Description of the Drawings

[0019] Figure 1 is the front view structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 is the top view structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0021] In the figure: 1 - furnace chamber; 11 - melting zone; 12 - separation zone; 13 - smelting zone; 2 - charging tower; 21 - charging opening; 22 - exhaust pipe; 23 - flue gas homogenization channel; 24 - extension wall; 3 - combustion port; 4 - discharge port; 5 - ash cleaning port; 51 - ash cleaning door; 6 - observation port; 61 - observation door; 7 - stirrer; 8 - siphon chamber; 81 - siphon outlet; 9 - partition wall; 91 - flue gas channel. Specific embodiments

[0022] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0023] As Figure 1-2 shown, a regenerative aluminum smelting furnace includes a furnace chamber 1. A charging tower 2 is provided in the middle of the furnace chamber 1. An exhaust pipe 22 is provided at the top of the charging tower 2. A charging opening 21 is provided on the side of the charging tower 2. The two side walls of the charging tower 2 extend downward into the furnace chamber 1 to form an extension wall 24. A partition wall 9 is provided outside the extension wall 24. The top and both ends of the partition wall 9 are connected to the inner wall of the furnace chamber 1. The lower ends of the extension wall 24 and the partition wall 9 are not connected to the bottom of the furnace chamber 1. The lower end of the partition wall 9 is closer to the bottom of the furnace chamber 1. The extension wall 24 and the partition wall 9 divide the furnace chamber 1 from the middle to both sides into a melting zone 11, a separation zone 12 and a smelting zone 13. A combustion port 3 and a discharge port 4 are respectively provided on the side walls of the smelting zone 13. An ash cleaning port 5 is provided on the side wall of the separation zone 12. A visual ash cleaning door 51 is provided at the ash cleaning port 5.

[0024] A stirrer 7 is provided at the bottom of the furnace chamber 1. The stirrer 7 adopts a magnetic stirrer.

[0025] A rectangular flue gas channel 91 is provided on the partition wall 9. A plurality of circular flue gas homogenization channels 23 are provided on the extension wall 24.

[0026] A siphon chamber 8 is provided at the outer end of the discharge port 4. A siphon outlet 81 is provided on the side wall of the siphon chamber 8.

[0027] The combustion port 3 is located at the end of the furnace chamber 1, and the discharge port 4 is located on the side of the furnace chamber 1.

[0028] An observation port 6 is provided on the side wall of the smelting zone 13. A visual observation door 61 is provided at the observation port 6.

[0029] The combustion port 3 is in a horn shape, and the opening angle α is 45 - 75°.

[0030] A waste heat recovery device and a flue gas purification device are sequentially connected to the exhaust pipe 22.

[0031] During production, the smelting atmosphere in the furnace 1 is weakly reducing. Recycled aluminum is continuously added to the charging tower 2 through the charging port 21, and the material forms a material column in the charging tower 2. The material at the bottom of the material column is directly immersed in the aluminum melt in the melting zone 11. As the recycled aluminum continues to melt, the material column continues to drop, realizing continuous melting of the material. The combustion flame is directly sprayed into the smelting zone 13 from the fuel port 3 to heat the furnace top, furnace wall, and furnace charge in the smelting zone 13. The aluminum liquid is heated to a superheated state by the high-temperature furnace gas and the radiant heat of the furnace top and furnace wall. The superheated aluminum liquid is continuously in contact with the molten aluminum liquid under the action of the stirrer 7, accelerating the melting of aluminum, homogenizing the components of the aluminum solution, and the recycled aluminum is melted into a mixture of aluminum liquid and aluminum ash. Due to the different specific gravities of aluminum liquid and aluminum ash, they are separated into layers in the separation zone 12. The aluminum ash in the upper layer does not enter the smelting zone due to the blocking of the partition wall, and gathers in the separation zone. It is regularly removed through the ash cleaning port 5. The aluminum liquid in the lower layer flows into the smelting zone 13 through the lower channel of the partition wall, and the aluminum liquid is continuously discharged from the siphon chamber 8 through the discharge port 4.

[0032] The high-temperature flue gas in the smelting zone 13 enters the separation zone 12 through the flue gas channel 91, and then enters the feeding tower 2 through the flue gas homogenization channel 23. After sufficient heat exchange with the material in the feeding tower 2, it enters the waste heat recovery device through the exhaust pipe 22, thereby realizing the step-by-step diversified utilization of heat, and is finally purified by the flue gas purification device and discharged.

[0033] During the production process, the production situation in the furnace 1 can be observed through the observation port 6.

[0034] The present invention can avoid oxidation caused by direct contact between combustion flame and recycled aluminum, and can greatly improve the recovery rate of aluminum.

Claims

1. A regenerative aluminum smelting furnace, including a furnace chamber, Characterized in that: In the middle of the furnace chamber (1), there is a feeding tower (2). At the top of the feeding tower (2), there is a smoke exhaust pipe (22). On the side of the feeding tower (2), there is a feeding port (21). The two side walls of the feeding tower (2) extend downward into the furnace chamber (1) to form extension walls (24). Outside the extension walls (24), there are partition walls (9). The top and both ends of the partition walls (9) are connected to the inner wall of the furnace chamber (1). The lower ends of the extension walls (24) and the partition walls (9) are not connected to the bottom of the furnace chamber (1). The extension walls (24) and the partition walls (9) divide the furnace chamber (1) from the middle to both sides into a melting zone (11), a separation zone (12) and a smelting zone (13). On the side walls of the smelting zone (13), there are respectively a combustion port (3) and a discharge port (4). On the side wall of the separation zone (12), there is an ash cleaning port (5). At the ash cleaning port (5), there is an ash cleaning door (51).

2. A regenerative aluminum smelting furnace according to claim 1, Characterized in that: A stirrer (7) is provided at the bottom of the furnace chamber (1).

3. A regenerative aluminum smelting furnace according to claim 1 or 2, Characterized in that: A flue gas passage (91) is provided on the partition wall (9), and a plurality of flue gas homogenization passages (23) are provided on the extension wall (24).

4. A regenerative aluminum smelting furnace according to claim 3, Characterized in that: A siphon chamber (8) is provided at the outer end of the discharge port (4). A siphon outlet (81) is provided on the side wall of the siphon chamber (8).

5. A regenerative aluminum smelting furnace according to claim 4, Characterized in that: The combustion port (3) is located at the end of the furnace chamber (1), and the discharge port (4) is located on the side of the furnace chamber (1).

6. A regenerative aluminum smelting furnace according to claim 5, Characterized in that: An observation port (6) is provided on the side wall of the smelting zone (13). At the observation port (6), there is an observation door (61).

7. A regenerative aluminum smelting furnace according to claim 6, Characterized in that: The combustion port (3) is in a horn shape, and the opening angle is 45 - 75°.

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