A UAV-borne sampling and enrichment device

Abstract

The present invention discloses a sampling-enrichment device carried by an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), which belongs to the technical field of environmental detection and sampling equipment. The sampling-enrichment device mainly consists of a housing, a loading chamber assembly, a rotating shaft, an air inlet sealing assembly, a rotating shaft, a cluster extractor, a stepper motor, a driving wheel, a sampling pump, and an air outlet sealing assembly. The device can be carried by an UAV platform to perform real-time sampling of VOCs at different locations according to a preset program. The sampling-enrichment device of the present invention has a compact structure, small size, light weight, and low power consumption; it can collect samples from multiple locations at a time; the loading chamber can be rotated 90 degrees with the rotating shaft and can be removed, making the cluster extractor very convenient to disassemble and assemble; the cluster extractor is sealed to prevent cross-infection of samples; during sampling, the air inlet and outlet sealing assemblies press the cluster extractor; during transposition, the air inlet and outlet sealing assemblies are separated from the cluster extractor, and the sealing assembly has a long service life.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of environmental detection and sampling equipment, and in particular relates to an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)-borne sampling and enrichment device. Background Art

[0002] VOCs in the atmosphere at accident sites pose a significant threat to human health. Current atmospheric VOC monitoring technology primarily relies on fixed monitoring stations. While this can capture local trends in VOC concentrations in the lower atmosphere, it still has numerous shortcomings. Research on the use of drones for atmospheric environmental monitoring in China began relatively late, primarily in the past decade, with the gradual adoption of portable instruments such as visible light cameras, thermal infrared imagers, and chemical sensors on drones for atmospheric environmental monitoring. Few drone-based sampling and enrichment devices are available for monitoring air pollution in emergency areas, industrial zones, and urban agglomerations. Alexander B. Adams' patent application, "Air Sampling System" (Publication No.: US20190178759A1), switches sampling channels to collect air samples from multiple locations. However, it requires a centrifugal blower with oriented blades for sampling and a graduated mechanism for switching between different sample containers. The structure of the graduated mechanism is not specified, and it cannot enrich samples. Researching and developing a device that can collect atmospheric samples from different target locations at one time and enrich the target components has become an important topic that needs to be studied urgently. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In response to the above technical difficulties, the present invention provides a drone-borne sampling-enrichment device, which can collect atmospheric samples from different target locations at one time and achieve enrichment of target components when flying on a drone.

[0004] The technical solutions of the present invention are as follows:

[0005] A sampling and enrichment device carried by an unmanned aerial vehicle, comprising a housing, a loading compartment assembly, a rotating shaft, an air inlet sealing assembly, a rotating shaft, a cluster extractor, a sealing gasket, a stepping motor, a driving wheel, a sampling pump, and an air outlet sealing assembly;

[0006] The loading compartment assembly is mounted on the rotating shaft and can be removed from the rotating shaft. The loading compartment assembly consists of an inner ring driven wheel, an outer ring driven wheel, a sealing ring, a bearing, a spring sheet, an intermediate thumbwheel, and a bearing retaining ring. The inner ring driven wheel is uniformly distributed with m stepped cylindrical holes along the circumferential direction, where m is an integer greater than or equal to 3. The diameter of the stepped cylindrical hole gradually decreases from the inner side close to the intermediate thumbwheel to the outer side along the axial direction of the inner ring driven wheel. The outer circumferential surface close to the small cylindrical hole a is provided with m sections of incomplete gear teeth to achieve m times of intermittent motion. A groove is provided on the large cylindrical hole b for installing the sealing ring. The intermediate thumbwheel and the bearing retaining ring are respectively distributed with cylindrical holes c and cylindrical holes e along the circumferential direction corresponding to the position and quantity of the large cylindrical hole b of the inner ring driven wheel. The large cylindrical hole b, cylindrical hole c and cylindrical hole e forms a new cylindrical hole f for installing the cluster extractor, and the outer cylindrical surface A of the middle thumbwheel is evenly distributed with m rectangular stepped grooves Ⅰ and grooves Ⅱ. Groove Ⅱ is a T-shaped groove, and groove Ⅰ penetrates the cylindrical hole c of the middle thumbwheel. The inner ring driven wheel, the middle thumbwheel, and the bearing retaining ring are fixed together to form the inner ring thumbwheel. The two end surfaces of the outer ring driven wheel are respectively provided with m recesses and m protrusions, and the recesses and protrusions have a smooth transition. There are 2m sections of incomplete gear teeth near the outer cylindrical surface B of the end surface to achieve 2m intermittent motions. The inner ring thumbwheel and the outer ring driven wheel can rotate relative to each other through the bearing. The spring sheet is T-shaped, with a protrusion on the side near the narrow end of the T. The wide end of the T is fixed at groove Ⅱ, and the narrow end is in a free state. When the cluster extractor is installed into the cylindrical hole f, the protrusion of the spring sheet presses the cluster extractor tightly.

[0007] The cluster extractor consists of a glass liner and a cluster capillary coated with an adsorbent. The glass liner is a cylindrical tube with a closing end or an annular boss at one end of the outlet. The cluster capillary is inserted into the glass liner.

[0008] One end of the rotating shaft is mounted on the rotating shaft and rotates around the rotating shaft. The rotating shaft is mounted on the housing and can rotate between 0 degrees and 90 degrees.

[0009] The sealing gaskets are distributed in the housing and the rotating shaft and can be freely extended and retracted. The housing and the rotating shaft each have m-1 sealing gaskets, which respectively contact and seal with the m-1 cluster extractors outside the cluster extractors located between the air inlet sealing assembly and the air outlet sealing assembly. The sealing gaskets are composed of two sections of cylinders with different diameters. The end face of the cylinder with the smaller diameter is a spherical surface, and the end face of the cylinder with the larger diameter has a blind hole.

[0010] The air inlet sealing assembly is composed of an air inlet sealing connecting rod, an air inlet connecting block, an air inlet guide rod, a micro bearing I, and a sealing gasket with a through hole. The air inlet sealing connecting rod and the air inlet guide rod are connected together by the air inlet connecting block. During the sampling process, the micro bearing I is in real-time contact with the convex and concave surface of the outer ring driven wheel. One end of the air inlet sealing connecting rod is connected to the atmosphere, and the other end is connected to the cluster extractor.

[0011] The outlet sealing assembly consists of an outlet sealing connecting rod, an outlet guiding rod, a micro-bearing II, and a gasket II with a through-hole. The micro-bearing II is in real-time contact with the concave-convex surface of the outer-ring driven wheel during the sampling process. One end of the outlet sealing connecting rod communicates with the cluster extractor, and the other end is connected to the air inlet of the sampling pump.

[0012] The sampling pump is installed on the outer shell, and the air outlet communicates with the atmosphere.

[0013] The driving wheel is installed on the transmission shaft of the stepping motor and is installed on the outer shell along with the stepping motor. The driving wheel consists of three cylinders with different diameters. The diameter of the middle cylinder surface III is smaller than the cylinder surfaces IV and V at the left and right ends. There is a section of incomplete teeth on the cylinder surface IV, which forms an incomplete gear mechanism with the inner-ring driven wheel. There are two sections of incomplete teeth on the cylinder surface V, which forms an incomplete gear mechanism with the outer-ring driven wheel. The three sections of incomplete teeth are evenly distributed on the circumference.

[0014] Further, the outer diameter of the cluster extractor is d1, the inner diameter is d2, the diameter of the small cylindrical hole a of the inner-ring driven wheel is d3, and d2 ≤ d3 < d1. The diameter of the large cylindrical hole b is d4, the diameter of the cylindrical hole c of the middle shifting wheel is d5, and the diameter of the cylindrical hole e of the bearing retaining ring is d6, and d1 < d4 = d5 = d6 ≤ d1 + 0.1mm.

[0015] Further, the sampling-enrichment device further includes: a shifting handle, a movable shaft, a limit handle, and a limit block. The shifting handle and the movable shaft are installed at the outer shell beside the loading chamber assembly. The shifting handle can control the free expansion and contraction of the movable shaft. The limit handle and the limit block are installed on the outer shell. The limit handle can control the arc movement of the limit block on the outer shell.

[0016] Further, the outer shell is formed by 3D printing and molding, and the material is stainless steel, aluminum alloy, titanium alloy, onyx or nylon; the materials of the inner-ring driven wheel, the outer-ring driven wheel, the middle shifting wheel, and the bearing retaining ring are stainless steel, titanium alloy, aluminum alloy, nylon, PEEK, PVDF or POM; the material of the spring piece is stainless steel or spring steel; the materials of the rotating shaft and the revolving shaft are stainless steel, titanium alloy or aluminum alloy; the materials of the movable shaft and the limit block are stainless steel or titanium alloy; the material of the gasket is nylon, PVDF, POM or PEEK; the material of the driving wheel is stainless steel, aluminum alloy, titanium alloy, nylon or PEEK.

[0017] On the other hand, the present invention provides a method for using the above-mentioned unmanned aerial vehicle-borne sampling-enrichment device, which mainly includes the following steps:

[0018] Step 1:拨动限位手柄带动限位块使得出气口密封组件与集束萃取器分离; Shift the limit handle to drive the limit block to separate the outlet sealing assembly from the cluster extractor.

[0019] Step 2: Move the handle to drive the movable shaft, and move the air intake seal connecting rod to make the loading compartment assembly rotate along with the rotating shaft;

[0020] Step 3: After installing the cluster extractor, rotate the rotating shaft back and turn the limit handle to drive the limit block so that the micro bearing II is in real contact with the convex and concave surface of the outer ring driven wheel;

[0021] Step 4: The stepper motor drives the driving wheel to rotate 1 / 3 of a circle, and one section of the incomplete gear teeth on the cylindrical surface V of the driving wheel drives the outer ring driven wheel to rotate 180 / m degrees. The micro bearing I in the air inlet sealing assembly and the micro bearing II in the air outlet sealing assembly are located in the recess of the outer ring driven wheel. The through-hole sealing gasket I and the through-hole sealing gasket II press the cluster extractor under the action of the spring; the sampling pump starts to work, and after the sampling is completed, the driving wheel rotates 1 / 3 of a circle, and another section of the incomplete gear teeth on the cylindrical surface V drives the outer ring driven wheel to rotate 180 / m degrees. The micro bearing I in the air inlet sealing assembly and the micro bearing II in the air outlet sealing assembly are located in the protrusion of the outer ring driven wheel. The through-hole sealing gasket I and the through-hole sealing gasket II release the cluster extractor, and the incomplete gear teeth on the cylindrical surface IV of the driving wheel drive the inner ring driven wheel to make the inner ring dial rotate 360 / m degrees, so that the next cluster extractor is located between the through-hole sealing gasket I and the through-hole sealing gasket II;

[0022] Step 5: Repeat step 4 until the sampling is completed;

[0023] Step 6: Repeat steps 1 and 2, and remove the enriched cluster extractor for subsequent analysis.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0025] 1. The sampling-enrichment device of the present invention has a compact structure, small size, light weight and low power consumption.

[0026] 2. The sampling-enrichment device of the present invention can carry multiple cluster extractors at one time, and the UAV can collect samples at multiple locations in one flight.

[0027] 3. The loading chamber of the sampling-enrichment device of the present invention can be rotated out along with the rotating shaft and can be removed, making it very convenient to load and unload the cluster extractor.

[0028] 4. The sampling-enrichment device of the present invention seals the cluster extractor to prevent cross contamination of samples.

[0029] 5. When sampling, the air inlet and outlet sealing components press the cluster extractor tightly. When changing positions, the air inlet and outlet sealing components are separated from the cluster extractor, and the sealing components have a long service life. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings related to the embodiments are briefly introduced below.

[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the unmanned aerial vehicle sampling and enrichment device of the present invention, in which: 1-housing, 2-loading compartment assembly, 3-rotating shaft, 4-air inlet sealing assembly.

[0032] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the loading compartment assembly unscrewing structure, in which: 5-handle, 6-movable shaft, 7-rotating shaft, 8-bundle extractor, 9-sealing gasket.

[0033] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the drone-mounted sampling-enrichment device of the present invention, in which: 10-stepping motor, 11-driving wheel, 12-sampling pump, 13-air outlet sealing assembly, 14-limiting handle, 15-limiting block.

[0034] Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of the loading compartment, in which: 21-inner ring driven wheel, 22-outer ring driven wheel, 23-sealing ring, 24-bearing, 25-spring leaf, 26-middle dial wheel, 27-bearing retaining ring, 8-cluster extractor.

[0035] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the air intake sealing assembly structure, in which: 41 - air intake sealing connecting rod, 42 - air intake connecting block, 43 - air intake guide rod, 44 - miniature bearing I, 45 - sealing gasket with through hole I.

[0036] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the structure of the air outlet sealing assembly, in which: 131-air outlet sealing connecting rod, 132-air outlet guide rod, 133-miniature bearing II, 134-sealing gasket II with through hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the embodiments, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto. Obviously, the embodiments described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other similar embodiments obtained without creative work all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0038] Example 1

[0039] A sampling and enrichment device carried by an unmanned aerial vehicle, comprising a housing 1, a loading compartment assembly 2, a rotating shaft 3, an air inlet sealing assembly 4, a rotating shaft 7, a cluster extractor 8, a sealing gasket 9, a stepping motor 10, a driving wheel 11, a sampling pump 12, and an air outlet sealing assembly 13;

[0040] The loading compartment assembly 2 is mounted on the rotating shaft 7 and can be removed from the rotating shaft 7. The loading compartment assembly 2 is composed of an inner ring driven wheel 21, an outer ring driven wheel 22, a sealing ring 23, a bearing 24, a spring sheet 25, an intermediate dial 26, and a bearing retaining ring 27. The inner ring driven wheel 21 has 6 stepped cylindrical holes evenly distributed along the circumferential direction. The diameter of the stepped cylindrical hole gradually decreases from the inner side close to the intermediate dial 26 to the outer side along the axial direction of the inner ring driven wheel 21. There are 6 sections of incomplete gear teeth on the outer circumferential surface close to the small cylindrical hole a to achieve 6 intermittent motions. A groove is opened on the large cylindrical hole b for installing the sealing ring 23. The intermediate dial 26 and the bearing retaining ring 27 are respectively distributed along the circumferential direction with cylindrical holes c and cylindrical holes e corresponding to the position and quantity of the large cylindrical hole b of the inner ring driven wheel 21. The large cylindrical hole b, cylindrical hole c and cylindrical hole e A new cylindrical hole f is formed for installing the cluster extractor 8. Six rectangular stepped grooves I and II are evenly distributed on the outer cylindrical surface A of the intermediate dial 26. Groove II is a T-shaped groove. Groove I penetrates the cylindrical hole c of the intermediate dial 26. The inner ring driven wheel 21, the intermediate dial 26, and the bearing retaining ring 27 are fixed together to form the inner ring dial. Six recesses and six protrusions are respectively arranged on the two end surfaces of the outer ring driven wheel 22. There are smooth transitions between the recesses and the protrusions. Twelve sections of incomplete gear teeth are arranged near the outer cylindrical surface B of the end surface to achieve 12 intermittent motions. The inner ring dial and the outer ring driven wheel 22 can rotate relative to each other through the bearing 24. The spring sheet 25 is T-shaped and has a protrusion on the side near the narrow end of the T. The wide end of the T is fixed at groove II and the narrow end is in a free state. When the cluster extractor 8 is installed into the cylindrical hole f, the spring sheet 25 protrudes to press the cluster extractor 8 tightly.

[0041] The cluster extractor 8 is composed of a glass liner and a cluster capillary coated with an adsorbent. The glass liner is a cylindrical tube with a closing end or an annular boss at one end of the outlet. The cluster capillary is inserted into the glass liner.

[0042] One end of the rotating shaft 7 is mounted on the rotating shaft 3 and rotates around the rotating shaft 3. The rotating shaft 3 is mounted on the housing 1 and can rotate between 0 degrees and 90 degrees.

[0043] The sealing gaskets 9 are distributed in the housing 1 and the rotating shaft 3 and can be freely extended and retracted. The housing 1 and the rotating shaft 3 each have five sealing gaskets 9, which contact and seal with the remaining five cluster extractors 8 outside the cluster extractor 8 located between the air inlet sealing component 4 and the air outlet sealing component 13. The sealing gaskets 9 are composed of two sections of cylinders with different diameters. The end face of the cylinder with a smaller diameter is a spherical surface, and the end face of the cylinder with a larger diameter has a blind hole.

[0044] The air inlet sealing assembly 4 is composed of an air inlet sealing connecting rod 41, an air inlet connecting block 42, an air inlet guide rod 43, a micro bearing I 44, and a sealing gasket I 45 with a through hole. The air inlet sealing connecting rod 41 and the air inlet guide rod 43 are connected together by the air inlet connecting block 42. During the sampling process, the micro bearing I 44 is in real-time contact with the convex and concave surface of the outer ring driven wheel 22. One end of the air inlet sealing connecting rod 41 is connected to the atmosphere, and the other end is connected to the cluster extractor 8.

[0045] The air outlet sealing assembly 13 is composed of an air outlet sealing connecting rod 131, an air outlet guide rod 132, a micro bearing II 133, and a sealing gasket II 134 with a through hole. The micro bearing II 133 is in real-time contact with the convex and concave surface of the outer ring driven wheel 22 during the sampling process. One end of the air outlet sealing connecting rod 131 is connected to the cluster extractor 8, and the other end is connected to the air inlet of the sampling pump 12.

[0046] The sampling pump 12 is installed on the housing 1, and the air outlet is connected to the atmosphere;

[0047] The driving wheel 11 is installed on the transmission shaft of the stepping motor 10 and is installed on the housing 1 along with the stepping motor 10. The driving wheel 11 is composed of three sections of cylinders with different diameters. The diameter of the middle cylindrical surface III is smaller than that of the cylindrical surfaces IV and V at the left and right ends. The cylindrical surface IV is provided with a section of incomplete gear teeth, which forms a pair of incomplete gear mechanisms with the inner ring driven wheel 21. The cylindrical surface V is provided with two sections of incomplete gear teeth, which form a pair of incomplete gear mechanisms with the outer ring driven wheel 22. The three sections of incomplete teeth are evenly distributed on the circumference.

[0048] The outer diameter of the cluster extractor 8 is 6.5 mm, the inner diameter is 5.5 mm, the diameter of the small cylindrical hole a of the inner ring driven wheel 21 is 6 mm, the diameter of the large cylindrical hole b is 6.56 mm, the diameter of the cylindrical hole c of the middle dial wheel 26 is 6.56 mm, and the diameter of the cylindrical hole e of the bearing retaining ring 27 is 6.56 mm.

[0049] The sampling-enrichment device also includes: a dial handle 5, a movable shaft 6, a limit handle 14, and a limit block 15. The dial handle 5 and the movable shaft 6 are installed on the outer shell 1 next to the loading compartment assembly 2. The dial handle 5 can control the movable shaft 6 to freely extend and retract. The limit handle 14 and the limit block 15 are installed on the outer shell 1. The limit handle 14 can control the limit block 15 to perform circular motion on the outer shell 1.

[0050] The housing 1 is formed by 3D printing or molding and is made of stainless steel. The inner driven wheel 21, outer driven wheel 22, intermediate dial 26, and bearing retainer ring 27 are also made of stainless steel; the spring leaf 25 is made of spring steel; the rotating shaft 3 and the rotating shaft 7 are made of titanium alloy; the movable shaft 6 and the limit block 15 are made of stainless steel; the sealing gasket 9 is made of nylon; and the driving wheel 11 is made of stainless steel.

[0051] Example 2

[0052] A method for using the unmanned aerial vehicle sampling and enrichment device described in Example 1 comprises the following steps:

[0053] Step 1: Move the limit handle 14 to drive the limit block 15 to separate the air outlet sealing assembly 13 from the cluster extractor 10;

[0054] Step 2: Move the handle 5 to drive the movable shaft 6, and move the air intake seal connecting rod 41 to make the loading compartment assembly 2 rotate along with the rotating shaft 3;

[0055] Step 3: After installing the cluster extractor 8, rotate the rotating shaft 3 back, turn the limit handle 14 to drive the limit block 15, so that the micro bearing II 133 is in real-time contact with the convex and concave surface of the outer ring driven wheel 22;

[0056] Step 4: The stepper motor 10 drives the driving wheel 11 to rotate 1 / 3 of a circle. A section of the incomplete gear teeth on the cylindrical surface V of the driving wheel 11 drives the outer ring driven wheel 22 to rotate 30 degrees. The micro bearing I44 in the air inlet sealing component 4 and the micro bearing II133 in the air outlet sealing component 13 are located in the recess of the outer ring driven wheel 22. The sealing gasket I45 with a through hole and the sealing gasket II134 with a through hole press the cluster extractor 8 under the action of the spring; the sampling pump 12 starts to work. After the sampling is completed, the driving wheel 11 rotates 1 / 3 of a circle, and the cylindrical surface V Another section of incomplete gear teeth drives the outer ring driven wheel 22 to rotate 30 degrees. The micro bearing I 44 in the air inlet sealing assembly 4 and the micro bearing II 133 in the air outlet sealing assembly 13 are located at the protrusion of the outer ring driven wheel 22. The through-hole sealing gasket I 45 and the through-hole sealing gasket II 134 release the cluster extractor 8. The incomplete gear teeth on the cylindrical surface IV of the driving wheel 11 drive the inner ring driven wheel 21 to rotate the inner ring dial 60 degrees. As a result, the next cluster extractor 8 is located between the through-hole sealing gasket I 45 and the through-hole sealing gasket II 134.

[0057] Step 5: Repeat step 4 until the sampling is completed;

[0058] Step 6: Repeat steps 1 and 2, and remove the cluster extractor 8 that has completed the enrichment for subsequent analysis.

[0059] Example 3

[0060] A sampling-enrichment device carried by an unmanned aerial vehicle as described in Example 1, except that: the outer diameter of the cluster extractor 8 is 6 mm, the inner diameter is 4 mm, the diameter of the small cylindrical hole a of the inner ring driven wheel 21 is 4 mm, the diameter of the large cylindrical hole b is 6.05 mm, the diameter of the cylindrical hole c of the middle dial wheel 26 and the cylindrical hole e of the bearing retaining ring (27) are 6.05 mm, and the outer shell 1 and the rotating shaft 3 have 5 sealing gaskets 9 respectively; the outer shell 1 is made of aluminum alloy, the driving wheel 11, the inner ring driven wheel 21, the outer ring driven wheel 22, the middle dial wheel 26, and the bearing retaining ring 27 are made of titanium alloy, the spring sheet 25, the rotating shaft 3, the rotating shaft 7, the movable shaft 6, and the limit block 15 are made of stainless steel, and the sealing gasket 9 is made of POM.

[0061] Example 4

[0062] A sampling and enrichment device carried by an unmanned aerial vehicle as described in Example 1, the difference is that: the inner ring driven wheel 21 has 4 stepped cylindrical holes distributed along the circumferential direction, and the outer cylindrical surface near the side of the small cylindrical hole a is provided with 4 sections of incomplete gear teeth, realizing 4 intermittent motions, the outer cylindrical surface A of the middle dial wheel 26 is evenly distributed with 4 rectangular stepped grooves I and groove II, the two end surfaces of the outer ring driven wheel 22 are respectively provided with 4 depressions and 4 protrusions, and the outer cylindrical surface B near the end face is provided with 8 sections of incomplete gear teeth, realizing 8 intermittent motions, the outer diameter of the cluster extractor 8 is 5mm, and the inner diameter is 3 mm, the diameter of the small cylindrical hole a of the inner ring driven wheel 21 is 3.5 mm, the diameter of the large cylindrical hole b is 5.1 mm, the diameter of the cylindrical hole c of the intermediate dial wheel 26 and the cylindrical hole e of the bearing retaining ring 27 are 5.1 mm, and the outer shell 1 and the rotating shaft 3 have three sealing gaskets 9 respectively; the outer shell 1, the movable shaft 6 and the limit block 15 are made of titanium alloy; the rotating shaft 3, the rotating shaft 7, the driving wheel 11, the inner ring driven wheel 21, the outer ring driven wheel 22, the intermediate dial wheel 26, and the bearing retaining ring 27 are made of aluminum alloy; the spring sheet 25 is made of spring steel, and the sealing gasket 9 is made of nylon.

[0063] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the above embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. An unmanned aerial vehicle sampling and enrichment device, characterized by: The invention mainly comprises a housing (1), a loading chamber assembly (2), a rotating shaft (3), an air inlet sealing assembly (4), a rotating shaft (7), a cluster extractor (8), a sealing gasket (9), a stepping motor (10), a driving wheel (11), a sampling pump (12), and an air outlet sealing assembly (13); The loading chamber assembly (2) is mounted on the rotating shaft (7) and can be removed from the rotating shaft (7). The loading chamber assembly (2) is composed of an inner ring driven wheel (21), an outer ring driven wheel (22), a sealing ring (23), a bearing (24), a spring sheet (25), an intermediate dial wheel (26), and a bearing retaining ring (27). The inner ring driven wheel (21) is uniformly provided with m stepped cylindrical holes along the circumferential direction, where m is an integer greater than or equal to 3, and the diameter of the stepped cylindrical holes is equal to or greater than 3. The axial direction of the inner ring driven wheel (21) gradually decreases from the inside to the outside. The outer surface near the small cylindrical hole a is provided with m segments of incomplete gear teeth to achieve m times of intermittent motion. A groove is provided on the large cylindrical hole b for installing a sealing ring (23). The intermediate dial wheel (26) and the bearing retaining ring (27) are respectively distributed along the circumferential direction with cylindrical holes c and cylindrical holes e corresponding to the position and number of the large cylindrical hole b of the inner ring driven wheel (21). The large cylindrical hole b and cylindrical hole c are respectively provided with a plurality of cylindrical holes. The cylindrical hole e forms a new cylindrical hole f for installing the cluster extractor (8). The outer cylindrical surface A of the intermediate dial (26) is evenly distributed with m rectangular stepped grooves I and groove II. Groove II is a T-shaped groove. Groove I and the cylindrical hole c of the intermediate dial (26) are interpenetrating. The inner ring driven wheel (21), the intermediate dial (26), and the bearing retaining ring (27) are fixed together to form the inner ring dial. The two end surfaces of the outer ring driven wheel (22) are respectively provided with m recesses and m protrusions. The recesses are There is a smooth transition between the spring and the protrusion, and 2m segments of incomplete gear teeth are arranged near the outer cylindrical surface B of the end face to achieve 2m times of intermittent motion. The inner ring dial wheel and the outer ring driven wheel (22) can rotate relative to each other through the bearing (24). The spring sheet (25) is T-shaped, and there is a protrusion near the narrow end of the T-shaped. The wide end of the T-shaped is fixed at the groove II, and the narrow end is in a free state. When the cluster extractor (8) is installed in the cylindrical hole f, the protrusion of the spring sheet (25) presses the cluster extractor (8); The sealing gaskets (9) are distributed in the housing (1) and the rotating shaft (3) and are able to freely expand and contract. The housing (1) and the rotating shaft (3) each have m-1 sealing gaskets (9), which correspond one-to-one to the m-1 cluster extractors (8) outside the cluster extractor (8) between the air inlet sealing component (4) and the air outlet sealing component (13); The driving wheel (11) is installed on the transmission shaft of the stepping motor (10) and is mounted on the housing (1) together with the stepping motor (10). The driving wheel (11) consists of three cylinders with different diameters. The diameter of the middle cylindrical surface III is smaller than the cylindrical surfaces IV and V at the left and right ends. There is a section of incomplete teeth on the cylindrical surface IV, which forms an incomplete gear mechanism with the inner ring driven wheel (21). There are two sections of incomplete teeth on the cylindrical surface V, which forms an incomplete gear mechanism with the outer ring driven wheel (22). The three sections of incomplete teeth on the driving wheel (11) are evenly distributed on the circumference.

2. The unmanned aerial vehicle sampling and enrichment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air inlet sealing component (4) consists of an air inlet sealing connecting rod (41), an air inlet connecting block (42), an air inlet guiding rod (43), a micro bearing I (44), and a gasket I with a through hole (45). The air inlet sealing connecting rod (41) is connected to the air inlet guiding rod (43) through the air inlet connecting block (42). During the sampling process, the micro bearing I (44) is in real-time contact with the concave-convex undulating surface of the end face of the outer ring driven wheel (22). One end of the air inlet sealing connecting rod (41) is communicated with the atmosphere, and the other end is communicated with the beam extractor (8).

3. The unmanned aerial vehicle sampling and enrichment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air outlet sealing component (13) consists of an air outlet sealing connecting rod (131), an air outlet guiding rod (132), a micro bearing II (133), and a gasket II with a through hole (134). During the sampling process, the micro bearing II (133) is in real-time contact with the concave-convex undulating surface of the end face of the outer ring driven wheel (22). One end of the air outlet sealing connecting rod (131) is communicated with the beam extractor (8), and the other end is connected to the air inlet of the sampling pump (12).

4. The unmanned aerial vehicle sampling and enrichment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the rotating shaft (7) is installed on the rotating shaft (3) and rotates around the rotating shaft (3). The rotating shaft (3) is installed on the housing (1) and can rotate between 0 degrees and 90 degrees.

5. The unmanned aerial vehicle sampling and enrichment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The beam extractor (8) consists of a liner tube and a beam capillary coated with an adsorbent. The liner tube is a cylindrical tube, and there is a收口 or annular boss at the outlet end. The beam capillary is inserted into the liner tube.

6. The unmanned aerial vehicle sampling and enrichment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sampling pump (12) is installed on the housing (1), and the air outlet is communicated with the atmosphere.

7. The unmanned aerial vehicle sampling and enrichment device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The outer diameter of the beam extractor (8) is d1, the inner diameter is d2, the diameter of the small cylindrical hole a of the inner ring driven wheel (21) is d3, and d2 ≤ d3 < d1. The diameter of the large cylindrical hole b is d4, the diameter of the cylindrical hole c of the middle dial (26) is d5, and the diameter of the cylindrical hole e of the bearing retaining ring (27) is d6, and d1 < d4 = d5 = d6 ≤ d1 + 0.1mm.

8. The unmanned aerial vehicle sampling and enrichment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sampling-enrichment device further includes: a dial handle (5), a movable shaft (6), a limit handle (14), and a limit block (15). The dial handle (5) and the movable shaft (6) are installed on the housing (1) beside the loading cabin assembly (2). The dial handle (5) can control the free expansion and contraction of the movable shaft (6). The limit handle (14) and the limit block (15) are installed on the housing (1). The limit handle (14) can control the limit block (15) to make an arc movement on the housing (1).

9. The airborne sampling-enrichment device according to claim 8, wherein: The housing (1) is formed by 3D printing or molding, and is made of stainless steel, aluminum alloy, titanium alloy, onyx or nylon; the inner ring driven wheel (21), the outer ring driven wheel (22), the middle dial wheel (26) and the bearing retaining ring (27) are made of stainless steel, titanium alloy, aluminum alloy, nylon, PEEK, PVDF or POM; the spring sheet (25) is made of stainless steel or spring steel; the rotating shaft (3) and the rotating shaft (7) are made of stainless steel, titanium alloy or aluminum alloy; the movable shaft (6) and the limit block (15) are made of stainless steel or titanium alloy; the sealing gasket (9) is made of nylon, PVDF, POM or PEEK; and the driving wheel (11) is made of stainless steel, aluminum alloy, titanium alloy, nylon or PEEK.

10. A method for using the unmanned aerial vehicle sampling and enrichment device according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that: The steps include: Step 1: Move the limit handle (14) to drive the limit block (15) to separate the air outlet sealing assembly (13) from the cluster extractor (8); Step 2: Move the handle (5) to drive the movable shaft (6), and move the air intake seal connecting rod (41) to make the loading chamber assembly (2) rotate along with the rotating shaft (3); Step 3: After installing the cluster extractor (8), rotate the rotating shaft (3) back, turn the limit handle (14) to drive the limit block (15), so that the micro bearing II (133) is in real-time contact with the concave and convex surface of the end face of the outer ring driven wheel (22); Step 4: The stepping motor (10) drives the driving wheel (11) to rotate 1 / 3 of a circle, and one section of the incomplete gear teeth on the cylindrical surface V of the driving wheel (11) drives the outer ring driven wheel (22) to rotate 180 / m degrees. The micro bearing I (44) in the air inlet sealing component (4) and the micro bearing II (133) in the air outlet sealing component (13) are located in the recessed portion of the end face of the outer ring driven wheel (22). The through hole sealing gasket I (45) and the through hole sealing gasket II (134) press the cluster extractor (8) under the action of the spring; the sampling pump (12) starts to work, and after the sampling is completed, the driving wheel (11) rotates 1 / 3 of a circle, and the other section of the cylindrical surface V rotates 1 / 3 of a circle. The incomplete gear teeth of the segment drive the outer ring driven wheel (22) to rotate 180 / m degrees, the micro bearing I (44) in the air inlet sealing assembly (4) and the micro bearing II (133) in the air outlet sealing assembly (13) are located at the protrusion of the end face of the outer ring driven wheel (22), the through hole sealing gasket I (45) and the through hole sealing gasket II (134) loosen the cluster extractor (8), and the incomplete gear teeth of the cylindrical surface IV of the driving wheel (11) drive the inner ring driven wheel (21) to rotate the inner ring thumb wheel 360 / m degrees, so that the next cluster extractor (18) is located between the through hole sealing gasket I (45) and the through hole sealing gasket II (134); Step 5: Repeat step 4 until the sampling is completed; Step 6: Repeat steps 1 and 2, and remove the enriched cluster extractor (8) for subsequent analysis.

Images