Cellular fracture modeling apparatus and apparatus for modeling proppant transport

Abstract

The application discloses a honeycomb fracture simulation device and a device for simulating proppant migration, comprising a plurality of multi-wall barrier assemblies and a fixing assembly, each of the barrier assemblies is installed on the fixing assembly, each of the barrier assemblies comprises a plurality of interconnected barrier components, each of the barrier components has a certain included angle to form a regular polygon structure, one of the barrier components in any barrier assembly is another barrier component in another multi-wall barrier assembly to form a honeycomb structure, each of the barrier components is provided with a through hole penetrating through the barrier component to allow the proppant to pass, the proppant migrates in the fracture under the action of gravity, buoyancy, liquid carrying force, viscous resistance and the like, and the proppant passes through the through hole from one barrier component to another barrier component, the device highly simulates the state of the proppant migration in the real honeycomb fracture, and is convenient for workers to make a fracturing scheme.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of oil and gas field hydraulic fracturing simulation, and particularly relates to a honeycomb-shaped fracture simulation device and a device for simulating proppant migration. BACKGROUND

[0002] China is rich in oil and natural gas reserves, but with the depletion of conventional oil and gas, unconventional oil and gas gradually becomes the main target for exploitation. At present, hydraulic fracturing is the main stimulation measure for the development of unconventional oil and gas fields, and the liquid used in fracturing operation is collectively referred to as proppant, which is equivalent to the blood of hydraulic fracturing. According to different stages of fracturing operation, it is divided into preflush, sand-carrying fluid and displacement fluid, and the sand-carrying fluid is used in the largest amount in the whole operation process. Its role is to carry more proppant into the fracturing fracture to support the reservoir fracture that has been fractured, so as to avoid the closure of the fracture under the action of ground stress, so as to make it have a certain flow conductivity. Therefore, the migration and placement pattern of proppant in the fracture are crucial for fracturing operation.

[0003] Based on the above situation, it is urgent to design a simulation reservoir fracture device. SUMMARY

[0004] The embodiment of the present application provides a honeycomb-shaped fracture simulation device, which highly simulates the state of the honeycomb-shaped fracture flowing into the proppant in the real oil well, provides important data for subsequent workers to study the trend of the proppant in the reservoir fracture, and facilitates workers to formulate a fracturing scheme.

[0005] The present application provides a honeycomb-shaped fracture simulation device, which comprises: a plurality of barrier components and a fixing component, each of the barrier components is installed on the fixing component, each of the barrier components comprises a plurality of interconnected barrier parts, each of the barrier parts has a certain included angle to form a regular polygon structure, one of the barrier parts in the barrier component is another one of the barrier parts in the barrier component, each of the barrier parts is provided with a through hole penetrating through itself to enable the proppant to pass through, and the proppant passes through the through hole from one of the barrier parts to another of the barrier parts.

[0006] In some optional embodiments, the shape of the through hole surrounded by each of the barrier parts is any one of an ellipse, a circle and a polygon, and the surface of the through hole surrounded by the barrier part is uneven.

[0007] In some optional embodiments, each of the barrier parts is integrally formed.

[0008] In some optional embodiments, the barrier component comprises two barrier elements which are attached to each other, and a groove is arranged on a surface of one of the two barrier elements which faces the other barrier element, and the grooves arranged on the two barrier elements form the channel hole.

[0009] In some optional embodiments, the barrier component is made of glass.

[0010] In some optional embodiments, the fixing component is provided with a corresponding clamping groove of the barrier component.

[0011] In some optional embodiments, the fixing component comprises a plurality of interconnected fixing components, and the fixing components comprise a first fixing component and a second fixing component which are sequentially sleeved from inside to outside, and the first fixing component and the second fixing component enclose to form the clamping groove.

[0012] In some optional embodiments, the central axes of the first fixing component and the second fixing component coincide.

[0013] In some optional embodiments, the first fixing component and the second fixing component have a preset distance between the radii of their inscribed circles, and the preset distance is equal to the width of the barrier component.

[0014] In some optional embodiments, the fixing component further comprises a fixing platform, and the fixing component is welded to the fixing platform.

[0015] The application further provides a device for simulating the migration of a proppant in a honeycomb-shaped fracture, which comprises the honeycomb-shaped fracture simulation device mentioned in any one of the above, and further comprises a sand mixing system, a pumping system, a data acquisition system, an image acquisition device and a waste liquid recovery system, the pumping system is connected to the liquid outlet of the sand mixing system and the liquid inlet of the honeycomb-shaped fracture simulation device, the waste liquid recovery system is connected to the liquid outlet of the honeycomb-shaped fracture simulation device and the liquid inlet of the sand mixing system, the image acquisition device photographs and records the state of the honeycomb-shaped fracture simulation device, and the data acquisition system is electrically connected to the image acquisition device to collect image information in the image acquisition device.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the application has the following technical effects:

[0017] The cellular fracture simulation device comprises a plurality of barrier assemblies and a fixing assembly, each of the barrier assemblies is installed on the fixing assembly, each of the barrier assemblies comprises a plurality of barrier components connected with each other, each of the barrier components has a certain included angle to form a regular polygon structure, one barrier component in any barrier assembly is another barrier component in another barrier assembly to form a cellular structure, each of the barrier components is provided with a through hole penetrating through itself to allow the proppant to pass through, the proppant passes through the through hole from one barrier component to another barrier component, the proppant moves in the fracture under the action of gravity, buoyancy, liquid carrying force, viscous resistance and the like, thus, if the proppant enters the through hole at one liquid inlet of one barrier component, the barrier assembly related to the barrier component will flow the proppant, and then the whole barrier assembly will have more fracturing support pages, the device highly simulates the state of the proppant flowing into the cellular fracture in the real oil well, and provides important data for subsequent staff to study the direction of the proppant. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0018] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated herein and constitute part of the specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the application.

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the accompanying drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or prior art description will be briefly introduced here. Obviously, for those skilled in the art, other drawings can also be obtained from these drawings without creative labor.

[0020] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the cellular fracture simulation device in a top view state according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0021] Figure 2 is a structural schematic diagram of the barrier assembly in a top view state according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0022] Figure 3 is a structural schematic diagram of the barrier assembly in a front view state according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0023] Figure 4 is a structural schematic diagram of the barrier assembly in a side view state according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0024] Figure 5 is a structural schematic diagram of the fixing assembly in a top view state according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0025] Figure 6 is a structural schematic diagram of the fixing assembly in a front view state according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0026] Figure 7 is a structural schematic diagram of a fixed assembly in a front view state provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0027] Figure 8 is a structural schematic diagram of a device for simulating the migration of proppants in a honeycomb-shaped fracture provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0028] Figure 9 is a structural schematic diagram of a barrier component in a top view state provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0029] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS: 1-barrier assembly; 11-barrier component; 111-barrier element; 12-channel hole; 121-groove; 2-fixed assembly; 21-fixed component; 22-fixed platform; 211-first fixed component; 212-second fixed component; 213-clamping groove; 214-fixed element. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] To make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative work fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0031] The present application provides a honeycomb-shaped fracture simulation device, comprising: a plurality of barrier assemblies and fixed assemblies, each barrier assembly 1 is installed on a fixed assembly 2, each barrier assembly 1 comprises a plurality of interconnected barrier components 11, each barrier component 11 has a certain included angle between each other to enclose a regular polygon structure, one barrier component 11 in any barrier assembly 1 is another barrier component 11 in another barrier assembly 1, each barrier component 1 is provided with a channel hole 12 penetrating through itself to allow the proppant to pass through, the proppant passes through the channel hole 12 from one barrier component 11 to another barrier component 11, the proppant migrates in the fracture under the action of its own gravity, buoyancy, liquid carrying force, viscous resistance, etc. In this way, if the proppant enters the channel hole 12 through one of the liquid inlets of one barrier component 11, the barrier assembly related to this barrier component 11 will flow through the proppant, and then the entire barrier assembly 1 will have more fracturing support pages. The present device highly simulates the state of proppant flowing into the honeycomb-shaped fracture in a real oil well, and provides important data for subsequent staff to study the direction of the proppant.

[0032] Optionally, each barrier assembly 1 comprises six barrier components 11 connected to each other to form a regular hexagonal structure, and each barrier assembly 1 is one of the barrier components 11 of another barrier assembly 1. When each barrier assembly 1 comprises six barrier components 11 connected to each other, the six barrier components 11 of the barrier assembly 1 are the barrier components 11 of the six barrier assemblies 1, respectively. The outer periphery of the barrier assembly 1 comprises a plurality of liquid inlet openings. Optionally, the liquid inlet openings are the positions where three barrier components 11 are connected to each other, and the liquid inlet channels of the three barrier components 11 are open to the outside. The proppant can be applied at the positions, and the proppant enters the relevant barrier assembly 1 through the three barrier components 11. In this way, the entire honeycomb fracture simulation device is filled with proppant, and the liquid inlet channels of the barrier components 11 in the honeycomb fracture simulation device are curved to form a honeycomb shape. The device highly simulates the state of the proppant flowing into the honeycomb fractures in the real oil well, and provides important data for subsequent staff to study the direction of the proppant.

[0033] Further, the liquid inlet openings at any positions can be provided with wellbores that are attached to the three barrier components 11 forming the liquid inlet openings. The wellbores are used to simulate the real oil well, and the wellbores are provided with a plurality of liquid inlet openings. The liquid inlet openings are provided with control valves that can control whether the liquid can flow into the barrier assembly 1.

[0034] In some optional embodiments, the channel holes 12 formed by the barrier components 11 are in any one of an ellipse, a circle, and a polygon. The surfaces of the channel holes 12 formed by the barrier components 11 are uneven, which can simulate the real environment of the fractures in the oil well.

[0035] Specifically, the barrier components 11 are made of glass, and preferably, the barrier components 11 are made of transparent glass. Each barrier component 11 can be cast. After the barrier components 11 are demolded, the surfaces of the channel holes 12 formed by the barrier components 11 are relatively smooth. Hydrofluoric acid solution is added to the channel holes 12 to corrode the glass, so that the surfaces of the channel holes 12 formed by the barrier components 11 are uneven, which can simulate the real environment of the fractures in the oil well.

[0036] Optionally, the barrier assembly 1 is a multi-ring cylindrical structure. For example, from a top view, the inner ring is a hexagon, and the outer ring is also a hexagon. From the extension direction of the inner ring to the outer ring, the cross-sectional shape of the barrier component 11 is a trapezoid, and the two ends of the barrier component 11 in the length direction are respectively provided with two surfaces connected to the inner ring and the outer ring. The channel hole 12 extends from one of the two surfaces to the other surface.

[0037] Optionally, the channel holes 12 formed by the barrier components 11 are in an ellipse.

[0038] In some optional embodiments, each barrier component 11 is integrally formed, and alternatively, each barrier component 11 can be casted.

[0039] In some optional embodiments, the barrier component 11 comprises two barrier elements 111 which are attached to each other, and a groove 121 is formed on the surface of one of the two barrier elements 111 which faces the other barrier element 111, and the grooves 121 formed on the two barrier elements 111 form the passage hole 12. Alternatively, the surface of one of the two barrier elements 111 which forms the groove 121 is arc-shaped, and the surface of the other barrier element 111 which faces the surface of the one barrier element 111 which forms the groove 121 is arc-shaped, and the two barrier elements 111 are attached to form a circular or elliptical passage hole 12. The elliptical passage hole 12 can more realistically simulate the shape of the cracks in the real oil well.

[0040] In some optional embodiments, the fixing assembly 2 comprises a plurality of fixing components 21 which are connected to each other, and the fixing component 21 comprises a first fixing component 211 and a second fixing component 212 which are sequentially sleeved from inside to outside, and the first fixing component 211 and the second fixing component 212 form a clamping groove 213, and the end of the barrier assembly 1 can be correspondingly installed in the clamping groove 213 to form a fixing to avoid position deviation.

[0041] In some optional embodiments, the first fixing component 211 and the second fixing component 212 have the same structure, but the inscribed circle diameter of the first fixing component 211 is smaller than the inscribed circle diameter of the second fixing component 212, and the center axes of the first fixing component 211 and the second fixing component 212 coincide, which can ensure that the distance between each position of the first fixing component 211 and each position of the second fixing component 212 is equal, and the barrier assembly 1 can be completely arranged in the clamping groove 213 formed by the first fixing component 211 and the second fixing component 212 to avoid movement of the barrier assembly 1.

[0042] In some optional embodiments, the first fixing component 211 and the second fixing component 212 have the same structure, and the center axes of the first fixing component 211 and the second fixing component 212 coincide, and the first fixing component 211 and the second fixing component 212 each comprise a plurality of fixing elements 214 which are connected to each other, and each fixing element 214 forms a regular polygon structure which is the same as the structure of the barrier assembly 1.

[0043] Specifically, the first fixing component 211 and the second fixing component 212 each comprise six mutually connected fixing elements 214, the included angle between any two adjacent fixing elements 214 is 120°, the length of the fixing elements 214 constituting the first fixing component 211 is smaller than the length of the fixing elements 214 constituting the second fixing component 212, the diameter of the inscribed circle of the first fixing component 211 is smaller than the diameter of the inscribed circle of the second fixing component 213, the central axes of the first fixing component 211 and the second fixing component 212 coincide, the distance between each position of the first fixing component 211 and each position of the second fixing component 212 can be guaranteed to be equal, and the distance between the first fixing component 211 and the second fixing component 213 is equal to the thickness of each barrier component 11.

[0044] In some optional embodiments, the radius of the inscribed circle of the first fixing component 211 and the radius of the inscribed circle of the second fixing component 212 have a preset distance, the preset distance is equal to the width of the barrier component 11, the clamping groove 213 formed between the first fixing component 211 and the second fixing component 212 can completely fix the barrier assembly 1, and movement will not occur during the process of conveying the proppant to the honeycomb crack simulation device to simulate the actual reservoir crack.

[0045] In some optional embodiments, the fixing assembly 2 further comprises a fixing platform 22, and the fixing assembly 2 is welded to the fixing platform 22.

[0046] The application further provides a device for simulating the migration of proppant in a honeycomb crack, which comprises the honeycomb crack simulation device mentioned in any one of the above, and further comprises a sand mixing system, a pumping system, a data acquisition system, an image acquisition device and a waste liquid recovery system, the pumping system is connected to the liquid outlet of the sand mixing system and the liquid inlet of the honeycomb crack simulation device, the waste liquid recovery system is connected to the liquid outlet of the honeycomb crack simulation device and the liquid inlet of the sand mixing system, the image acquisition device shoots and records the state of the honeycomb crack simulation device, and the data acquisition system is electrically connected to the image acquisition device to collect image information in the image acquisition device.

[0047] Specifically, the sand mixing system comprises a stirring device, an automatic sand conveying device and an automatic liquid conveying device connected to the stirring device, and the stirring device, the automatic sand conveying device and the automatic liquid conveying device cooperate with each other to form the desired proppant. The pump injection system adopts a centrifugal pump which is located between the sand mixing system and the simulated wellbore, connected to the liquid inlet of the simulated wellbore through a pipeline, and provided with a flow meter on the pipeline and a pressure meter on the liquid inlet of the simulated wellbore. The data acquisition system is connected to the flow meter and the pressure meter. The image acquisition device is a high-definition camera capable of rotating 360°, which is placed at the center of the honeycomb unit and can acquire the proppant placement image in real time and transmit it to the data acquisition system. The waste liquid recovery system comprises a subsurface recovery tank, a waste liquid recovery treatment tank and a collection system. The waste liquid recovery system is used to recover the proppant flowing out of the honeycomb fracture simulation device.

[0048] In addition, the term "and / or" in this document is only used to describe the association relationship of the associated objects, which means that there can be three relationships, for example, A and / or B can represent the following three cases: A exists alone, A and B exist together, and B exists alone. In addition, the character " / " in this document generally represents an "or" relationship between the front and rear associated objects.

[0049] It should be understood that in the embodiments of the present application, "B corresponding to A" means that B is associated with A, and B can be determined according to A. However, it should also be understood that the determination of B according to A does not mean that B is determined only according to A, but B can also be determined according to A and / or other information.

[0050] The above is only a specific embodiment of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily think of various equivalent modifications or replacements within the technical range disclosed by the present application, and these modifications or replacements should be covered within the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A honeycomb crack simulation device, characterized in that, include: Multiple barrier components (1) and fixing components (2) are provided. Each barrier component (1) is mounted on the fixing component (2). Each barrier component (1) includes multiple interconnected barrier parts (11). The barrier parts (11) have a certain included angle to form a regular polygon structure. One barrier part (11) in any barrier component (1) is another barrier part (11) in another barrier component (1). Each barrier part (11) is provided with a through-hole (12) to allow proppant to pass through. The proppant passes through the through-hole (12) from one barrier part (11) to another barrier part (11). The fixing component (2) is provided with a corresponding locking groove (213) for each barrier component (1). The fixing component (2) includes multiple interconnected fixing parts. (21) The fixing component (21) includes a first fixing component (211) and a second fixing component (212) sequentially fitted from the inside to the outside. The central axes of the first fixing component (211) and the second fixing component (212) coincide. The diameter of the inscribed circle of the first fixing component (211) is smaller than the diameter of the inscribed circle of the second fixing component (212). Both the first fixing component (211) and the second fixing component (212) are polygonal structures. The first fixing component (211) and the second fixing component (212) enclose and form the locking groove (213). The locking groove (213) formed between the first fixing component (211) and the second fixing component (212) can completely fix the barrier assembly (1) and will not move during the process of delivering proppant to the honeycomb fracture simulation device to simulate actual reservoir fractures.

2. The honeycomb crack simulation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The shape of the channel hole (12) formed by each of the barrier components (11) is any one of ellipse, circle and polygon, and the surface of the channel hole (12) formed by the barrier components (11) is uneven.

3. The honeycomb crack simulation device according to claim 2, characterized in that, Each of the barrier components (11) is integrally formed.

4. The honeycomb crack simulation device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The barrier component (11) includes two barrier elements (111) that fit together. One of the two barrier elements (111) has a groove (121) facing the other. The groove (121) of the two barrier elements (111) forms the channel hole (12).

5. The honeycomb crack simulation device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The barrier component (11) is made of glass.

6. The honeycomb crack simulation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the first fixing component (211) and the second fixing component (212) include a plurality of interconnected fixing elements (214), and each fixing element (214) is enclosed to form a regular polygonal structure, which is the same as the structure of the barrier assembly (1).

7. The honeycomb crack simulation device according to claim 6, characterized in that, There is a preset distance between the inscribed circle radius of the first fixing component (211) and the inscribed circle radius of the second fixing component (212), and the preset distance is equal to the width of the barrier component (11).

8. The honeycomb crack simulation device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The fixing component (2) further includes a fixing platform (22), and the fixing component is welded to the fixing platform.

9. An apparatus for simulating proppant transport, characterized in that, The honeycomb crack simulation device according to any one of claims 1-8 further includes: a sand mixing system, a pumping system, a data acquisition system, an image acquisition device, and a waste liquid recovery system. The pumping system is connected to the outlet of the sand mixing system and the inlet of the honeycomb crack simulation device. The waste liquid recovery system is connected to the outlet of the honeycomb crack simulation device and the inlet of the sand mixing system. The image acquisition device captures and records the morphology of proppant migration within the honeycomb crack simulation device. The data acquisition system is electrically connected to the image acquisition device to collect image information from the image acquisition device.

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