A pyrite flotation separation combined inhibitor and its application

Abstract

The present invention discloses a pyrite flotation separation combined inhibitor and its application, and belongs to the field of mineral processing technology. The pyrite flotation separation combined inhibitor of the present invention comprises gardenia yellow and inhibitor A; the inhibitor A is one of lime, sodium sulfite, and calcium hypochlorite. The combined inhibitor selectively inhibits pyrite and has no inhibitory effect on chalcopyrite. Therefore, the pyrite flotation separation combined inhibitor is applied to the flotation of copper sulfide ores. At the same time, the present invention adopts a branched series flow process to artificially improve the grade of the selected product, improve the sorting process, and save drug consumption and energy consumption. The present invention combines the combined inhibitor, combined collector and process flow to achieve effective separation of chalcopyrite and pyrite, and improve the indicators of copper sulfide ores.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of mineral processing, and in particular relates to a pyrite flotation separation combined inhibitor and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] Copper is a strategically important metal, commonly used in transportation, light industry, electricity, construction, and the military. Copper sulfide ore is the primary type of copper resource, and chalcopyrite and pyrite are typical sulfide minerals within sulfide ore. Flotation separation of these two minerals is crucial for recovering copper metal. Because chalcopyrite and pyrite have similar floatability and complex mineral intergrowth and intercalation, they can easily lead to a decrease in copper concentrate performance.

[0003] Flotation separation of chalcopyrite and pyrite is referred to as copper-sulfur separation. Four common copper-sulfur separation processes exist: mixed flotation, preferential flotation, partial preferential-mixed flotation, and equal flotation. The principle process for copper-sulfur separation generally utilizes a sulfur-inhibited copper flotation process. This process involves the addition of large amounts of lime under highly alkaline conditions, using xanthate, nitrosulfate, and their derivatives to preferentially flot chalcopyrite. This is a typical "high-pressure, high-pull" flotation process. However, this method suffers from issues such as high lime consumption, clogging equipment and pipelines, and difficulty recovering pyrite and associated gold and silver. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the above shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a pyrite flotation separation combined inhibitor and application thereof.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0006] A pyrite flotation separation combined inhibitor comprises gardenia yellow and inhibitor A; the inhibitor A is one of lime, sodium sulfite and calcium hypochlorite.

[0007] The main component of the gardenia yellow in the combined inhibitor of the present invention is safranic acid, and its structure is as follows:

[0008]

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the mass ratio of the gardenia yellow to the inhibitor A is 1:1 to 1:5.

[0010] The pyrite flotation separation combined inhibitor of the present invention is used to separate chalcopyrite and pyrite in the flotation of copper sulfide ore.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the application includes the following steps:

[0012] (1) grinding the copper sulfide ore and adding water to adjust the pulp concentration and pH value, and then roughing to obtain roughing concentrate and roughing tailings;

[0013] (2) subjecting the roughing tailings to three scavenging operations to obtain scavenging concentrate and tailings 1;

[0014] (3) mixing the rougher concentrate and the scavenger concentrate with the second slurry for roughing to obtain a rougher concentrate and rougher tailings;

[0015] (4) scavenging the rougher tailings three times to obtain scavenged concentrate and tailings 2;

[0016] (5) The rougher concentrate is subjected to two rounds of cleaning to obtain copper concentrate and middlings; tailings 1 and tailings 2 are combined into a total tailings;

[0017] The combined inhibitor, the combined collector and the foaming agent are added in the roughing process of step (1) and step (3); the combined collector and the foaming agent are added in the scavenging process of step (2) and step (4).

[0018] The flotation process described in this invention is a branched series flotation process, in which the ore pulp is divided into two branches. The rougher concentrate and scavenger concentrate from the first branch are combined with the second branch for flotation. The middlings and scavenger concentrate from the second branch are sequentially returned to the previous stage, forming a closed circuit.

[0019] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the combined depressant is used in an amount of 1000-3000 g / t in a single roughing process; the combined collector is used in an amount of 20-50 g / t in a single roughing process and in an amount of 5-30 g / t in a single sweeping process.

[0020] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the combined collector is a mixture of sodium isobutyl xanthate and sodium mercaptobenzothiazole, and the mass ratio of sodium isobutyl xanthate to sodium mercaptobenzothiazole is 1:1 to 1:4.

[0021] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the single roughing time is 4-6 minutes, the single sweeping time is 3-5 minutes, and the single cleaning time is 2-5 minutes.

[0022] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step (1), the content of the grinding fineness of -0.074 mm accounts for 70% to 75%; the mass percentage concentration of the slurry is 30% to 40%, and the pH value is 9 to 11.

[0023] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the foaming agent is a conventional foaming agent.

[0024] The mechanism of action of the pyrite flotation separation combined inhibitor of the present invention is:

[0025] The main component of Gardenia yellow is crocin. The -COOH in crocin dissociates into -COO in the pulp. -The surface of the reagent is negatively charged, and there is an electrostatic repulsion between the reagent and the negatively charged pyrite. 2+ ) exists, the negative charge on the surface of pyrite decreases, the electrostatic repulsion weakens, and the adsorption amount increases, thereby inhibiting the flotation of pyrite. Therefore, the combined depressant can selectively inhibit pyrite, but has basically no inhibitory effect on chalcopyrite.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0027] (1) The present invention utilizes a combined inhibitor to selectively inhibit pyrite. On the other hand, sodium mercaptobenzothiazole and sodium isobutyl xanthate are used to produce a synergistic effect to enhance the capture of chalcopyrite, and the efficient recovery of chalcopyrite is achieved by combining the selection of the process.

[0028] (2) The present invention adopts a branched series flotation process to artificially improve the grade of the selected product, improve the sorting process, and save chemical and energy consumption. The branched series flotation process is to feed the foam product of one branch into the flotation operation of another branch, thereby improving the grade of the selected ore of the latter branch. This process can fully utilize the foam and residual chemicals in the slurry, and give play to the carrier function of the mineral particles or flocs hydrophobized by the chemical, thereby reducing the amount of chemical used and improving the flotation index.

[0029] (3) The flotation method of the present invention can be used in a weakly alkaline environment, has strong selectivity and capture properties for chalcopyrite, can selectively suppress pyrite, effectively achieves flotation separation of chalcopyrite and pyrite, and efficiently recovers copper sulfide ore. The flotation method of the present invention uses stable reagents and a reasonable process structure, can effectively improve the flotation index of copper sulfide ore, and has broad application prospects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 This is a process flow chart for flotation recovery of chalcopyrite according to the present invention.

[0031] Figure 2 This is a process flow chart for flotation recovery of chalcopyrite described in Comparative Example 2 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] In order to better illustrate the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention, the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0033] Example 1

[0034] This embodiment provides a pyrite flotation separation combined inhibitor and its application, specifically comprising the following steps:

[0035] (1) The combined inhibitor is lime and gardenia yellow, and the mass ratio of lime to gardenia yellow is 1:2; the combined collector is sodium isobutyl xanthate and sodium mercaptobenzothiazole, and the mass ratio of sodium isobutyl xanthate to sodium mercaptobenzothiazole is 1:1; the foaming agent is pine oil; the copper sulfide ore is a copper sulfide ore from a copper mine in Yunnan, with a copper content of 0.26% and a sulfur content of 8.86%, and also contains gangue minerals such as quartz, chlorite and calcite.

[0036] (2) Weigh 1000 g of copper sulfide ore and grind it to -0.074 mm, accounting for 70%. Then transfer the slurry to a 3 L flotation tank and adjust the slurry concentration to 40%.

[0037] (3) Add 1000 g / t of combined depressant, pH value is 10, act for 3 minutes, then add 20 g / t of combined collector, act for 2 minutes, and finally add 20 g / t of frother, act for 1 minute, and perform roughing. The roughing time is 4 minutes to obtain roughing concentrate and roughing tailings.

[0038] (4) Add 10 g / t of combined collector to the roughing tailings and let it act for 2 minutes, then add 10 g / t of foaming agent and let it act for 1 minute, and carry out the first scavenging operation. The scavenging time is 3 minutes, and the first scavenging concentrate and scavenging tailings are obtained. Add 5 g / t of combined collector to the scavenging tailings and let it act for 2 minutes, then add 10 g / t of foaming agent and let it act for 1 minute, and carry out the second scavenging operation. The scavenging time is 3 minutes, and the second scavenging concentrate and scavenging tailings are obtained. Add 5 g / t of combined collector to the scavenging tailings and let it act for 2 minutes, and carry out the third scavenging operation. The scavenging time is 3 minutes, and the third scavenging concentrate and tailings 1 are obtained.

[0039] (5) The roughing concentrate and scavenging concentrate in the above steps (3) to (4) are added to the second milled pulp, 1000 g / t of combined depressant is added, the pH value is 10, and the mixture is allowed to react for 3 minutes, then 20 g / t of combined collector is added, the mixture is allowed to react for 2 minutes, and finally 15 g / t of foaming agent is added, the mixture is allowed to react for 1 minute, and roughing is carried out for 4 minutes to obtain roughing concentrate and roughing tailings.

[0040] (6) Add 10 g / t of combined collector to the roughing tailings and let it act for 2 minutes. Then add 5 g / t of frother and let it act for 1 minute. Carry out the first scavenging operation. The scavenging time is 3 minutes. The first scavenging concentrate and scavenging tailings are obtained. Add 5 g / t of combined collector to the scavenging tailings and let it act for 2 minutes. Then add 5 g / t of frother and let it act for 1 minute. Carry out the second scavenging operation. The scavenging time is 3 minutes. The second scavenging concentrate and scavenging tailings are obtained. Add 5 g / t of combined collector to the scavenging tailings and let it act for 2 minutes. Carry out the third scavenging operation. The scavenging time is 3 minutes. The third scavenging concentrate and tailings 2 are obtained.

[0041] (7) The roughing concentrate in step (5) is subjected to two rounds of cleaning, with cleaning times of 3 minutes and 2 minutes respectively, to obtain copper concentrate and middlings.

[0042] (8) Tailings 1 and Tailings 2 are combined into the total tailings.

[0043] The middlings and scavenged concentrates from the second branch of the flotation operation are returned to the previous operation in sequence, forming a closed loop. The grade and recovery rate of the obtained concentrate products are shown in Table 1.

[0044] Example 2

[0045] This embodiment provides a pyrite flotation separation combined inhibitor and its application, specifically comprising the following steps:

[0046] (1) The combined inhibitor is sodium sulfite and gardenia yellow, and the mass ratio of sodium sulfite to gardenia yellow is 1:4; the combined collector is sodium isobutyl xanthate and sodium mercaptobenzothiazole, and the mass ratio of sodium isobutyl xanthate to sodium mercaptobenzothiazole is 1:2; the foaming agent is 2-octanol; the copper sulfide ore is a copper sulfide ore from a copper mine in Yunnan, with a copper content of 0.41% and a sulfur content of 10.35%, and also contains gangue minerals such as quartz, chlorite and calcite.

[0047] (2) Weigh 1000 g of copper sulfide ore and grind it to -0.074 mm, accounting for 75% of the original ore. Then transfer the slurry to a 3 L flotation tank and adjust the slurry concentration to 35%.

[0048] (3) Add 1500 g / t of combined depressant, pH value is 9, act for 3 minutes, then add 30 g / t of combined collector, act for 2 minutes, and finally add 20 g / t of frother, act for 1 minute, and perform roughing for 5 minutes to obtain roughing concentrate and roughing tailings.

[0049] (4) Add 20 g / t of combined collector to the roughing tailings and let it act for 2 minutes, then add 10 g / t of foaming agent and let it act for 1 minute, and carry out the first scavenging operation. The scavenging time is 4 minutes, and the first scavenging concentrate and scavenging tailings are obtained. Add 10 g / t of combined collector to the scavenging tailings and let it act for 2 minutes, then add 10 g / t of foaming agent and let it act for 1 minute, and carry out the second scavenging operation. The scavenging time is 4 minutes, and the second scavenging concentrate and scavenging tailings are obtained. Add 10 g / t of combined collector to the scavenging tailings and let it act for 2 minutes, and carry out the third scavenging operation. The scavenging time is 4 minutes, and the third scavenging concentrate and tailings 1 are obtained.

[0050] (5) The roughing concentrate and scavenging concentrate in the above steps (3) to (4) are added to the second milled pulp, and 1500 g / t of combined depressant is added, the pH value is 9, and the mixture is allowed to react for 3 minutes. Then 20 g / t of combined collector is added and the mixture is allowed to react for 2 minutes. Finally, 15 g / t of frother is added and the mixture is allowed to react for 1 minute. Roughing is carried out for 5 minutes to obtain roughing concentrate and roughing tailings.

[0051] (6) Add 10 g / t of combined collector to the roughing tailings and let it act for 2 minutes. Then add 5 g / t of frother and let it act for 1 minute. The first scavenging operation was carried out. The scavenging time was 4 minutes. The first scavenging concentrate and scavenging tailings were obtained. Add 5 g / t of combined collector to the scavenging tailings and let it act for 2 minutes. Then add 5 g / t of frother and let it act for 1 minute. The second scavenging operation was carried out. The scavenging time was 4 minutes. The second scavenging concentrate and scavenging tailings were obtained. Add 5 g / t of combined collector to the scavenging tailings and let it act for 2 minutes. The third scavenging operation was carried out. The scavenging time was 4 minutes. The third scavenging concentrate and tailings 2 were obtained.

[0052] (7) The roughing concentrate in step (5) is subjected to two rounds of cleaning, with cleaning times of 4 minutes and 3 minutes respectively, to obtain copper concentrate and middlings.

[0053] (8) Tailings 1 and Tailings 2 are combined into the total tailings.

[0054] The middlings and scavenged concentrates from the second branch of the flotation operation are returned to the previous operation in sequence, forming a closed loop. The grade and recovery rate of the obtained concentrate products are shown in Table 1.

[0055] Example 3

[0056] This embodiment provides a pyrite flotation separation combined inhibitor and its application, specifically comprising the following steps:

[0057] (1) The combined inhibitor is calcium hypochlorite and gardenia yellow, and the mass ratio of calcium hypochlorite to gardenia yellow is 1:5; the combined collector is sodium isobutyl xanthate and sodium mercaptobenzothiazole, and the mass ratio of sodium isobutyl xanthate to sodium mercaptobenzothiazole is 1:4; the foaming agent is methyl isobutyl carbinol; the copper sulfide ore is a copper sulfide ore from a copper mine in Yunnan, with a copper content of 0.53% and a sulfur content of 14.60%, and also contains gangue minerals such as quartz, chlorite and calcite.

[0058] (2) Weigh 1000 g of copper sulfide ore and grind it to -0.074 mm, accounting for 73%. Then transfer the slurry to a 3 L flotation tank and adjust the slurry concentration to 40%.

[0059] (3) Add 3000 g / t of combined depressant, pH value is 9, act for 3 minutes, then add 50 g / t of combined collector, act for 2 minutes, and finally add 20 g / t of frother, act for 1 minute, and perform roughing. The roughing time is 6 minutes to obtain roughing concentrate and roughing tailings.

[0060] (4) Add 30g / t of combined collector to the roughing tailings and let it act for 2 minutes. Then add 10g / t of foaming agent and let it act for 1 minute. The first scavenging operation was carried out. The scavenging time was 5 minutes. The first scavenging concentrate and scavenging tailings were obtained. Add 15g / t of combined collector to the scavenging tailings and let it act for 2 minutes. Then add 10g / t of foaming agent and let it act for 1 minute. The second scavenging operation was carried out. The scavenging time was 4 minutes. The second scavenging concentrate and scavenging tailings were obtained. Add 15g / t of combined collector to the scavenging tailings and let it act for 2 minutes. The third scavenging operation was carried out. The scavenging time was 4 minutes. The third scavenging concentrate and tailings 1 were obtained.

[0061] (5) The roughing concentrate and scavenging concentrate in the above steps (3) to (4) are added to the second milled pulp, 3000 g / t of combined depressant is added, the pH value is 9, and the mixture is allowed to react for 3 minutes, then 40 g / t of combined collector is added and the mixture is allowed to react for 2 minutes, and finally 15 g / t of frother is added and the mixture is allowed to react for 1 minute, and roughing is carried out for 6 minutes to obtain roughing concentrate and roughing tailings.

[0062] (6) Add 20 g / t of combined collector to the roughing tailings and let it act for 2 minutes. Then add 5 g / t of foaming agent and let it act for 1 minute. The first scavenging operation was carried out. The scavenging time was 5 minutes. The first scavenging concentrate and scavenging tailings were obtained. Add 10 g / t of combined collector to the scavenging tailings and let it act for 2 minutes. Then add 5 g / t of foaming agent and let it act for 1 minute. The second scavenging operation was carried out. The scavenging time was 5 minutes. The second scavenging concentrate and scavenging tailings were obtained. Add 10 g / t of combined collector to the scavenging tailings and let it act for 2 minutes. The third scavenging operation was carried out. The scavenging time was 4 minutes. The third scavenging concentrate and tailings 2 were obtained.

[0063] (7) The rougher concentrate in step (5) is subjected to two rounds of cleaning, with cleaning times of 5 minutes and 4 minutes respectively, to obtain copper concentrate and middlings.

[0064] (8) Tailings 1 and Tailings 2 are combined into the total tailings.

[0065] The middlings and scavenged concentrates from the second branch of the flotation operation are returned to the previous operation in sequence, forming a closed loop. The grade and recovery rate of the obtained concentrate products are shown in Table 1.

[0066] Comparative Example 1

[0067] The processing conditions of this comparative example were the same as those of Example 1, except that lime was used as the depressant, sodium isobutyl xanthate was used as the collector, and the amounts of the depressant and collector added to each flotation stage were twice those of Example 1. The grade and recovery of the concentrate obtained in Comparative Example 1 are shown in Table 2.

[0068] Comparative Example 2

[0069] The processing conditions of this comparative example are the same as those of Example 3, except that only single-branch flotation is performed, and branched series flotation is not performed. The grade and recovery rate of the concentrate product obtained in Comparative Example 2 are shown in Table 2.

[0070] Table 1

[0071]

[0072] Table 2

[0073]

[0074] As can be seen from the results of Examples 1-3 in Table 1, when the method of the present invention is used in the flotation of chalcopyrite, the copper concentrate products obtained in each Example all meet the third grade or above of the Copper Concentrate Standard for the Nonferrous Metals Industry of the People's Republic of China (YS / T 318-2007), and the copper recovery rate is all above 90%, achieving efficient flotation recovery of chalcopyrite.

[0075] As shown in Comparative Example 1 in Table 2, the use of lime and sodium isobutyl xanthate alone results in a high dosage of reagents, resulting in lower copper concentrate grade and recovery than when using a combined depressant and collector. The copper concentrate only reaches Grade IV as specified in the standard (YS / T 318-2007). As shown in Comparative Example 2 in Table 2, the performance indicators achieved using a single-branch flotation process are not as high as those achieved using a branched series flotation process. Therefore, the combination of a combined depressant, a combined collector, and a process flow can effectively separate chalcopyrite and pyrite, improving the performance of copper sulfide ores.

[0076] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention may be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the essence and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims

1. A pyrite flotation separation combined depressant, characterized in that: It includes gardenia yellow and inhibitor A; the inhibitor A is one of lime, sodium sulfite and calcium hypochlorite; The pyrite flotation separation combined inhibitor is used for separating chalcopyrite and pyrite in the flotation of copper sulfide ores.

2. The pyrite flotation separation combined depressant according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mass ratio of the gardenia yellow to the inhibitor A is 1:1 to 1:

5.

3. Use of the pyrite flotation separation combined inhibitor according to claim 1 or 2 in separating chalcopyrite and pyrite in the flotation of copper sulfide ores.

4. The use according to claim 3, characterized in that The application comprises the following steps: (1) Grinding the copper sulfide ore and adding water to adjust the pulp concentration and pH value, and then roughing to obtain roughing concentrate and roughing tailings; (2) The rougher tailings are scavenged three times to obtain scavenged concentrate and tailings 1; (3) The rougher concentrate and the scavenger concentrate are mixed with the second pulp for roughing to obtain rougher concentrate and rougher tailings; (4) scavenging the rougher tailings three times to obtain scavenged concentrate and tailings 2; (5) The rougher concentrate is subjected to two rounds of cleaning to obtain copper concentrate and middlings; tailings 1 and tailings 2 are combined into the total tailings; The combined inhibitor, combined collector and foaming agent are added in the roughing process of step (1) and step (3); the combined collector and foaming agent are added in the scavenging process of step (2) and step (4).

5. The use according to claim 4, characterized in that The dosage of the combined depressant in a single roughing process is 1000-3000 g / t; the dosage of the combined collector in a single roughing process is 20-50 g / t, and the dosage in a single sweeping process is 5-30 g / t.

6. The use according to claim 4, characterized in that The combined collector is a mixture of sodium isobutyl xanthate and sodium mercaptobenzothiazole, and the mass ratio of sodium isobutyl xanthate to sodium mercaptobenzothiazole is 1:1-1:

4.

7. The use according to claim 4, characterized in that The single roughing time is 4-6 minutes, the single sweeping time is 3-5 minutes, and the single cleaning time is 2-5 minutes.

8. The use according to claim 4, characterized in that In the step (1), the content of the grinding fineness of -0.074 mm accounts for 70% to 75%; the mass percentage concentration of the slurry is 30% to 40%, and the pH value is 9 to 11.

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