A method for manufacturing a multi-material composite die-casting mold

Abstract

This invention discloses a method for manufacturing a multi-material composite die-casting mold. The method uses copper as the mold base; uses arc additive manufacturing technology to deposit Deloro 22 nickel-based alloy and 18Ni300 maraging steel as a transition layer; and also uses arc additive manufacturing technology to deposit 4Cr5MoSiV1 steel as a strengthening layer. This multi-material composite method achieves the production of a die-casting mold with high wear resistance, high toughness, high strength, and high thermal conductivity.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention provides a method for manufacturing a multi-material composite die-casting mold, which belongs to the technical field of additive manufacturing. Background Art

[0002] 4Cr5MoSiV1 steel is widely used in various hot and cold work dies due to its high hardenability, excellent wear resistance, and superior toughness and fatigue resistance. For die-casting dies, effective cooling of the mold is crucial to reducing cycle times, as the molten material is forced into the mold and then rapidly solidifies to form the part. Furthermore, insufficient part cooling can lead to long cycle times and introduce heat-induced defects such as fatigue and deformation. While 4Cr5MoSiV1 steel exhibits excellent mechanical properties, its low thermal conductivity (28.6 J / m K) significantly hinders its cooling capabilities. A bimetallic composite structure composed of copper and 4Cr5MoSiV1 steel has the potential to leverage the advantages of both, offering good wear resistance, excellent toughness, high strength, and high thermal conductivity. However, copper and iron have limited miscibility, and direct deposition of 4Cr5MoSiV1 steel onto copper can easily cause cracking. Nickel, on the other hand, forms a solid solution with copper, allowing nickel-containing materials to serve as a transition layer. Therefore, it is necessary to use additive manufacturing technology to realize the manufacture of die-casting molds with high wear resistance, high toughness, high strength and high thermal conductivity through multi-material composite. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to improve the cooling capacity of a die-casting mold while ensuring its mechanical properties. By using arc additive manufacturing technology, multiple materials are combined to efficiently manufacture a multi-material composite die-casting mold.

[0004] The specific steps of the present invention are as follows:

[0005] Step 1: Use annealed T2 copper block as the substrate and machine it to the required size;

[0006] Step 2: Depositing a Deloro 22 nickel-based alloy transition layer on the substrate using an arc additive manufacturing method;

[0007] Step 3: depositing an 18Ni300 maraging steel transition layer on the Deloro 22 transition layer using an arc additive manufacturing method;

[0008] Step 4: Deposit a 4Cr5MoSiV1 steel strengthening layer on the 18Ni300 transition layer using an arc additive manufacturing method.

[0009] Step 5: Use machining to remove the machining allowance according to the required mold size requirements.

[0010] Furthermore, in step 2, the thickness of the Deloro 22 nickel-based alloy transition layer is 10-20 mm, the welding wire composition is: chromium 0-1%, carbon <0.05%, silicon 2.5%, boron 1.4%, iron <0.1%, and the balance is nickel. The welding wire diameter is 1.6 mm, and the arc additive manufacturing process parameters are current 320 A, voltage 34 V, and welding speed 10 mm / s.

[0011] Furthermore, in step 3, the thickness of the transition layer of 18Ni300 maraging steel is 5-10 mm, the welding wire composition is: nickel 18-19%, molybdenum 4.6-5.2%, cobalt 8.5-9.5%, titanium 0.5-0.8%, aluminum 0.05-0.15%, and the balance is iron. The welding wire diameter is 1.6 mm, and the arc additive manufacturing process parameters are current 280 A, voltage 32 V, and welding speed 14 mm / s.

[0012] Furthermore, in step 4, the thickness of the 4Cr5MoSiV1 steel strengthening layer is 40-50 mm, the welding wire composition is 0.32-0.45% carbon, 0.80-1.20% silicon, 0.20-0.50% manganese, 4.75-5.50% chromium, 1.10-1.75% molybdenum, 0.80-1.20% vanadium, and the remainder is iron. The welding wire diameter is 1.6 mm, and the arc additive manufacturing process parameters are current 300 A, voltage 32 V, and welding speed 8 mm / s.

[0013] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0014] While ensuring the high wear resistance, toughness and strength of the die-casting mold, the thermal conductivity of the mold is improved by forming a composite structure of 4Cr5MoSiV1 steel and copper, which enhances the cooling capacity, shortens the production cycle, and reduces heat-induced defects. At the same time, Deloro 22 alloy with a nickel content of more than 95% and maraging steel with a nickel content of 18-19% are used as transition layers to improve the bonding strength of the composite structure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of a die-casting mold embodiment of the present invention

[0016] In the figure: 1-substrate; 2-Deloro 22 nickel-based alloy transition layer; 3-18Ni300 maraging steel transition layer; 4-4Cr5MoSiV1 steel strengthening layer DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The following describes in detail embodiments of the present invention. These embodiments are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. A method for manufacturing a multi-material composite die-casting mold of the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to specific embodiments.

[0018] The method of the present invention is used to produce Figure 1 The die-casting mold shown in the figure has the following specific implementation process:

[0019] (1) Annealed T2 copper blocks were used as the substrate, which was machined according to the mold design drawings, and 80 mm of the surface layer was removed according to the final mold size;

[0020] (2) A Deloro 22 nickel-based alloy transition layer was deposited on the substrate using an arc additive manufacturing method. The Deloro 22 nickel-based alloy transition layer had a thickness of approximately 20 mm. The welding wire composition was: 1% chromium, 0.02% carbon, 2.5% silicon, 1.4% boron, 0.05% iron, and the balance was nickel. The welding wire diameter was 1.6 mm. The arc additive manufacturing process parameters were a current of 320 A, a voltage of 34 V, and a welding speed of 10 mm / s.

[0021] (3) An 18Ni300 maraging steel transition layer was deposited on the Deloro 22 transition layer using an arc additive manufacturing method. The thickness of the 18Ni300 maraging steel transition layer was about 10 mm. The welding wire composition was: nickel 19%, molybdenum 5%, cobalt 9%, titanium 0.6%, aluminum 0.1%, and the balance was iron. The welding wire diameter was 1.6 mm. The arc additive manufacturing process parameters were current 280 A, voltage 32 V, and welding speed 14 mm / s.

[0022] (4) A 4Cr5MoSiV1 steel strengthening layer was deposited on the 18Ni300 transition layer using an arc additive manufacturing method. The thickness of the 4Cr5MoSiV1 steel strengthening layer was about 50 mm. The welding wire composition was 0.4% carbon, 1.20% silicon, 0.50% manganese, 5.50% chromium, 1.10% molybdenum, 1.20% vanadium, and the balance was iron. The welding wire diameter was 1.6 mm. The arc additive manufacturing process parameters were current 300 A, voltage 32 V, and welding speed 8 mm / s.

[0023] (5) According to the required mold size requirements, machining is used to remove the processing allowance.

[0024] While ensuring high wear resistance, toughness, and strength of the die-casting mold, the present invention improves the thermal conductivity of the mold by forming a composite structure of 4Cr5MoSiV1 steel and copper, enhances cooling capacity, shortens production cycle, and reduces heat-induced defects. At the same time, Deloro 22 alloy and 18Ni300 maraging steel are used as transition layers to improve the bonding strength of the composite structure.

[0025] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not constitute any form of limitation to the present invention. Any simple modification, equivalent replacement and improvement made by any technician familiar with the profession to the above embodiment without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention and based on the technical essence of the present invention shall still fall within the scope of protection of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for manufacturing a multi-material composite die-casting mold, characterized in that: The specific steps include: Step 1: Use annealed T2 copper block as the substrate and machine it to the required size; Step 2: Depositing a Deloro 22 nickel-based alloy transition layer on the substrate using an arc additive manufacturing method; Step 3: depositing an 18Ni300 maraging steel transition layer on the Deloro 22 transition layer using an arc additive manufacturing method; Step 4: depositing a 4Cr5MoSiV1 steel strengthening layer on the 18Ni300 transition layer using an arc additive manufacturing method; Step 5: Use machining to remove the machining allowance according to the required mold size requirements.

2. The method for manufacturing a multi-material composite die-casting mold according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 2, the thickness of the Deloro 22 nickel-based alloy transition layer is 10-20 mm, the welding wire composition is: chromium 0-1%, carbon <0.05%, silicon 2.5%, boron 1.4%, iron <0.1%, and the balance is nickel. The welding wire diameter is 1.6 mm, and the arc additive manufacturing process parameters are current 320 A, voltage 34 V, and welding speed 10 mm / s.

3. The method for manufacturing a multi-material composite die-casting mold according to claim 1, wherein: In step 3, the transition layer thickness of the 18Ni300 maraging steel is 5-10 mm, the welding wire composition is: nickel 18-19%, molybdenum 4.6-5.2%, cobalt 8.5-9.5%, titanium 0.5-0.8%, aluminum 0.05-0.15%, and the balance is iron. The welding wire diameter is 1.6 mm, and the arc additive manufacturing process parameters are current 280 A, voltage 32 V, and welding speed 14 mm / s.

4. The method for manufacturing a multi-material composite die-casting mold according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 4, the thickness of the 4Cr5MoSiV1 steel strengthening layer is 40-50 mm, the welding wire composition is 0.32-0.45% carbon, 0.80-1.20% silicon, 0.20-0.50% manganese, 4.75-5.50% chromium, 1.10-1.75% molybdenum, 0.80-1.20% vanadium, and the remainder is iron. The welding wire diameter is 1.6 mm, and the arc additive manufacturing process parameters are current 300 A, voltage 32 V, and welding speed 8 mm / s.

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