A vertical turning-milling-grinding combined machine tool

Abstract

The application discloses a vertical turning-milling-grinding composite machine tool, which comprises a base, a vertical workbench, a grinding device and a turning-milling composite device; the base comprises a workbench base and a gantry which are integrally connected; the vertical workbench is arranged on the workbench base, and a rotary chuck for clamping a workpiece is arranged on the vertical workbench and can rotate around a vertical shaft; a cross beam is arranged on the gantry, and a first transverse driving mechanism and a second transverse driving mechanism are arranged on the cross beam; the grinding device and the turning-milling composite device are installed on the cross beam; the first transverse driving mechanism is connected with the grinding device to drive the grinding device to move along a horizontal direction; the second transverse driving mechanism is connected with the turning-milling composite device to drive the turning-milling composite device to move along the horizontal direction; and the grinding seat is rotatably connected to the first longitudinal moving seat; compared with the prior art, the grinding device and the turning-milling composite device are arranged, so that the workpiece driven by the rotary chuck on the workbench can be machined.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of mechanical processing, in particular to a vertical turning-milling-grinding combined machine tool. BACKGROUND

[0002] In order to solve the problem that the machining processes of existing machined parts are usually completed on different machine tools, for parts that need to be turned, milled and ground, the part needs to be installed on a lathe for turning, then installed on a milling machine for milling, and then installed on a grinding machine for grinding, which requires three clamping operations, resulting in low machining accuracy. A machining machine tool that can realize turning, milling and grinding has been produced on the market, such as Chinese patent CN217513335U, published on September 30, 2022.

[0003] For large parts of wind turbines, since they have inner and outer conical surfaces that need to be machined, the traditional turning-milling-grinding combined machine tool is more troublesome to process, and there is an urgent need to design a turning-milling-grinding combined machine tool suitable for heavy weight and conical surface machining.

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned defects in the prior art, the present applicant has conducted in-depth research and thus produced the present case. SUMMARY

[0005] The main purpose of the present application is to provide a vertical turning-milling-grinding combined machine tool to solve the problem of difficulty in machining large heavy wind power components with inner and outer conical surfaces in the prior art.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the solution of the present application is:

[0007] A vertical turning-milling-grinding combined machine tool, comprising a base, a vertical workbench, a grinding device and a turning-milling combined device; the base comprises a workbench base and a gantry connected integrally; the vertical workbench is arranged on the workbench base, and a rotary chuck for clamping a workpiece is arranged on the vertical workbench, the rotary chuck being capable of rotating about a vertical shaft; a cross beam is arranged on the gantry, and a first transverse driving mechanism and a second transverse driving mechanism are arranged on the cross beam, the grinding device and the turning-milling combined device being installed on the cross beam; the first transverse driving mechanism is connected with the grinding device to drive the grinding device to move in a horizontal direction; the second transverse driving mechanism is connected with the turning-milling combined device to drive the turning-milling combined device to move in a horizontal direction;

[0008] The grinding device includes a first transverse moving seat, a first longitudinal moving seat, a grinding seat, and a grinding head. The grinding head is mounted on the grinding seat. The first transverse moving seat is fixedly connected to the first transverse drive mechanism and can move horizontally on the crossbeam. The first transverse moving seat is provided with a first longitudinal drive mechanism. The first longitudinal moving seat is connected to the first longitudinal drive mechanism and can move vertically on the first transverse moving seat. The grinding seat is rotatably connected to the first longitudinal moving seat.

[0009] The milling and turning device includes a second transverse moving seat, a second longitudinal moving seat, a turning tool assembly, and a milling cutter assembly. The second transverse moving seat is fixedly connected to the second transverse drive mechanism and can move horizontally on the crossbeam. The second transverse moving seat is provided with a second longitudinal drive mechanism, and the second longitudinal moving seat is connected to the second longitudinal drive mechanism and can move vertically on the second transverse moving seat. A rotating spindle is provided inside the second longitudinal moving seat, and the lower end of the rotating spindle is detachably mounted with a turning tool assembly or a milling cutter assembly. A tool magazine is fixedly connected to the crossbeam, and the tool magazine is located on the side of the milling and turning device. The tool magazine contains the turning tool assembly and the milling cutter assembly.

[0010] Furthermore, a limiting groove is provided at the lower end of the second longitudinal moving seat. The cutting tool assembly includes a cutting tool holder, an insert seat, and a cutting tool body. The insert seat is connected to the upper end of the cutting tool holder and is detachably fixedly connected to the rotating spindle. The cutting tool body is fixedly connected to the cutting tool holder. A limiting seat is also provided on the cutting tool holder, and a limiting protrusion is provided on the limiting seat. When the insert seat of the cutting tool assembly is connected to the rotating spindle, the limiting protrusion is embedded in the limiting groove to restrict the relative rotation between the cutting tool holder and the second longitudinal moving seat.

[0011] Furthermore, an external gear ring is provided below the rotary chuck of the vertical worktable, and a main drive mechanism and an auxiliary drive mechanism are provided on the side of the worktable base. The main drive mechanism includes a main drive motor, a pulley transmission mechanism and a transmission gear set. The main drive motor is connected to the transmission gear set through the pulley transmission mechanism, and the output end of the transmission gear set is meshed with the external gear ring.

[0012] The auxiliary drive mechanism includes a housing, a drive shaft, a drive gear, a first worm gear, a first worm, a fixed gear plate, a movable gear plate, a shift fork, and a drive cylinder. The housing is fixedly connected to the side of the workbench. The upper and lower ends of the drive shaft are rotatably connected to the workbench. The drive gear is fixedly connected to the upper end of the drive shaft and meshes with the external gear ring. The lower part of the drive shaft is fitted with a first worm gear. The first worm is horizontally rotatably connected to the housing and meshes with the first worm gear. A motor for driving the first worm to rotate is provided outside the housing. A fixed gear plate is fixedly connected to the first worm gear. A movable gear plate is fitted on the drive shaft and connected by a sliding key, located above the fixed gear plate. The middle part of the movable gear plate is rotatably connected to the shift fork. A drive cylinder for driving the shift fork to move up and down is also provided inside the housing. The movable gear plate can change position along the axial direction of the drive shaft under the action of the shift fork, so that the movable gear plate meshes with or separates from the fixed gear plate.

[0013] Furthermore, the drive cylinder is a hydraulic cylinder, and a position indicator rod extending from the lower surface of the housing is fixedly connected to the lower end of the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder. A position indicator block is fixedly connected to the position indicator rod, and a first sensor and a second sensor are provided on the lower surface of the housing. When the position indicator block is flush with the first sensor, the movable gear plate disengages from the fixed gear plate. When the position indicator block is flush with the second sensor, the movable gear plate engages with the fixed gear plate.

[0014] Furthermore, a brake disc is provided on the outer periphery of the rotary chuck, and a brake caliper for clamping the brake disc is provided on the upper end of the worktable.

[0015] Furthermore, a telescopic shaft is provided inside the first longitudinal moving seat, which can move along the axial direction and rotate around the axis; the grinding seat is locked to the front of the telescopic shaft; a first toothed disc is fixedly provided on the first longitudinal moving seat, and a second toothed disc is fixedly provided on the side of the grinding seat facing the first longitudinal moving seat; when the telescopic shaft extends forward, the first toothed disc and the second toothed disc are completely separated; when the telescopic shaft retracts backward, the first toothed disc and the second toothed disc mesh with each other; both the first toothed disc and the second toothed disc have complete annular teeth, and the number of teeth on both the first toothed disc and the second toothed disc is 360; the first toothed disc is detachably fixedly connected to the first longitudinal moving seat, and the second toothed disc is detachably fixedly connected to the grinding seat.

[0016] Furthermore, a piston rod is provided inside the first longitudinal moving seat, and an inner cavity is provided inside the telescopic shaft. The inner cavity of the telescopic shaft is slidably connected to the piston rod. An oil cavity is provided between the piston head on the piston rod and the telescopic shaft. A spring is also provided inside the inner cavity, sleeved on the outside of the piston rod. The rear end of the spring abuts against the rear part of the telescopic shaft, and the front end of the spring abuts against the piston head. A second worm gear is sleeved on the outer periphery of the telescopic shaft. A second worm drive mechanism for driving the second worm gear to rotate is also provided inside the first longitudinal moving seat. The tail end of the piston rod is rotatably connected to the first longitudinal moving seat. A pin hole is provided at the head of the piston head. A pin is provided on the end face of the inner cavity of the telescopic shaft. The pin is slidably connected in the pin hole. The length directions of the pin and the pin hole are parallel to the telescopic direction of the telescopic shaft.

[0017] Furthermore, the first lateral drive mechanism and the second lateral drive mechanism share a set of slide rails. The first lateral drive mechanism also includes a first lead screw and nut transmission mechanism, and the second lateral drive mechanism also includes a second lead screw and nut transmission mechanism. The lead screws of the first lead screw and nut transmission mechanism and the second lead screw and nut transmission mechanism are staggered on the crossbeam.

[0018] Furthermore, the first longitudinal drive mechanism includes a third lead screw and nut transmission mechanism, and limit sliders are provided on both sides of the first transverse moving seat. The first longitudinal moving seat is slidably connected to the first transverse moving seat in the vertical direction through the limit sliders.

[0019] With the above structure, the vertical turning, milling, and grinding composite machine tool of the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0020] In use, the workpiece is fixedly connected to the rotary chuck. The milling-turning compound device performs turning and milling operations on the workpiece by switching between the turning tool assembly and the milling cutter assembly, achieving roughing and finishing of the workpiece. Finally, the workpiece is ground by the grinding device. Since the angle between the grinding seat and the first longitudinal moving seat is adjustable, the grinding surface of the grinding head can better fit the inner and outer conical surfaces on the workpiece. The first and second transverse drive mechanisms drive the grinding device and the milling-turning compound device to move independently laterally on the crossbeam, respectively.

[0021] Second, by setting a limiting groove and a limiting protrusion, when the cutting tool assembly is installed on the rotating spindle, the rotation between the cutting tool holder and the second longitudinal moving seat is limited, reducing the braking force of the braking mechanism between the rotating spindle and the second longitudinal moving seat, and playing a role in protecting the machine tool.

[0022] Third, during turning, the rotary chuck rotates at high speed under the drive of the main drive mechanism. During milling, the angular position of the rotary chuck needs more precise control; therefore, an auxiliary drive mechanism is also provided on the side of the worktable. When the rotary chuck rotates at high speed, the movable gear in the auxiliary drive mechanism disengages from the fixed gear under the drive of the shift fork, and the first worm gear and the second worm do not rotate. When low speed is required or the position of the rotary chuck needs adjustment, the main drive mechanism is in a free state. At this time, the drive cylinder drives the shift fork downwards, causing the movable gear to mesh with the fixed gear. The first worm rotates, driving the first worm gear to rotate, and then the rotation is transmitted to the drive shaft through the fixed gear and the movable gear. The drive gear on the drive shaft drives the outer gear ring to rotate.

[0023] Fourth, by setting the first and second sensors, the two positions of the movable toothed disc being separated from and engaged with the fixed toothed disc can be indicated, enabling the system to automatically sense the current state of the auxiliary drive mechanism.

[0024] Compared with existing technologies, this invention, by incorporating a grinding device and a milling-turning compound device, enables the machining of workpieces driven by a rotary chuck on the worktable. The limiting protrusion on the cutting tool assembly engages with the limiting groove on the second longitudinal moving seat, thus fixing the positions of the cutting tool assembly and the second longitudinal moving seat. The grinding seat can be angle-adjusted relative to the first longitudinal moving seat, making it more suitable for machining workpieces with internal and external conical surfaces. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This invention relates to a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a vertical turning, milling, and grinding composite machine tool.

[0026] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present invention from another angle.

[0027] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A magnified structural diagram of point A in the middle.

[0028] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a vertical workbench with the workbench base hidden.

[0029] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the vertical workbench from another angle, with the workbench base hidden.

[0030] Figure 6 for Figure 4 A magnified structural diagram at point C.

[0031] Figure 7 for Figure 1 A magnified structural diagram at point B in the middle.

[0032] Figure 8 This is an exploded view of the cutting tool assembly and the rotating spindle.

[0033] Figure 9 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the housing, worm gear, and shift fork.

[0034] Figure 10 This is an exploded view of the grinding device.

[0035] Figure 11 This is an exploded view of the grinding device from another angle.

[0036] Figure 12 This is a side view of the grinding device.

[0037] Figure 13 for Figure 12 A magnified structural diagram at point D.

[0038] Figure 14 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the grinding device.

[0039] In the picture:

[0040] Base 1; Workbench 11; Gantry 12; Crossbeam 13; First transverse drive mechanism 131; Second transverse drive mechanism 132;

[0041] Vertical worktable 2; rotary chuck 21; brake disc 211; brake caliper 212; external gear ring 22; main drive mechanism 23; main drive motor 231; belt pulley transmission mechanism 232; transmission gear set 233; auxiliary drive mechanism 3; housing 31; drive shaft 32; drive gear 33; first worm gear 34; first worm 35; fixed gear plate 36; movable gear plate 37; shift fork 38; drive cylinder 39; position indicator rod 391; position indicator block 392; first sensor 393; second sensor 394;

[0042] Grinding device 4; First transverse moving seat 41; Limiting slider 411; First longitudinal moving seat 42; First gear plate 421; Third lead screw and nut transmission mechanism 43; Telescopic shaft 44; Piston rod 45; Oil chamber 451; Spring 46; Second worm gear 47; Grinding seat 49; Grinding head 491; Second gear plate 492;

[0043] Milling and turning compound device 5; second transverse moving seat 51; second longitudinal moving seat 52; rotating spindle 53; limiting groove 521; turning tool assembly 54; turning tool holder 541; limiting seat 542; limiting protrusion 543; insertion seat 554; turning tool body 545; tool magazine 55. Detailed Implementation

[0044] To further explain the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention will be described in detail below through specific embodiments.

[0045] like Figures 1 to 13 As shown, this invention relates to a vertical turning-milling-grinding composite machine tool, comprising a base 1, a vertical worktable 2, a grinding device 4, and a turning-milling composite device 5. The base 1 includes an integrally connected worktable base 11 and a gantry frame 12. The vertical worktable 2 is mounted on the worktable base 11 and is equipped with a rotary chuck 21 for clamping workpieces, which can rotate around a vertical axis. A crossbeam 13 is mounted on the gantry frame 12, and a first transverse drive mechanism 131 and a second transverse drive mechanism 132 are mounted on the crossbeam 13. The grinding device 4 and the turning-milling composite device 5 are mounted on the crossbeam 13. The first transverse drive mechanism 131 is connected to the grinding device 4 to drive the grinding device 4 to move horizontally. The second transverse drive mechanism 132 is connected to the turning-milling composite device 5 to drive the turning-milling composite device 5 to move horizontally.

[0046] The grinding device 4 includes a first transverse moving seat 41, a first longitudinal moving seat 42, a grinding seat 49, and a grinding head 491. The grinding head 491 is mounted on the grinding seat 49. The first transverse moving seat 41 is fixedly connected to the first transverse drive mechanism 131 and can move horizontally on the crossbeam 13. The first transverse moving seat 41 is provided with a first longitudinal drive mechanism. The first longitudinal moving seat 42 is connected to the first longitudinal drive mechanism and can move vertically on the first transverse moving seat 41. The grinding seat 49 is rotatably connected to the first longitudinal moving seat 42.

[0047] The milling and turning device 5 includes a second transverse moving seat 51, a second longitudinal moving seat 52, a turning tool assembly 54, and a milling cutter assembly. The second transverse moving seat 51 is fixedly connected to the second transverse drive mechanism 132 and can move horizontally on the crossbeam 13. The second transverse moving seat 51 is provided with a second longitudinal drive mechanism, and the second longitudinal moving seat 52 is connected to the second longitudinal drive mechanism and can move vertically on the second transverse moving seat 51. A rotating spindle 53 is provided inside the second longitudinal moving seat 52, and the lower end of the rotating spindle 53 is detachably mounted with the turning tool assembly 54 or the milling cutter assembly (not shown in the figure). A tool magazine 55 is fixedly connected to the crossbeam 13. The tool magazine 55 is located on the side of the milling and turning device 5, and the tool magazine 55 contains the turning tool assembly 54 and the milling cutter assembly.

[0048] Thus, the vertical turning-milling-grinding composite machine tool of the present invention, in use, has the workpiece fixedly connected to the rotary chuck 21. The turning-milling composite device 5 achieves turning and milling of the workpiece by switching between the turning tool assembly 54 and the milling cutter assembly, realizing roughing and finishing of the workpiece. Finally, the grinding device 4 performs grinding on the workpiece. Since the angle between the grinding seat 49 and the first longitudinal moving seat 42 can be adjusted, the grinding surface of the grinding head 491 can better fit the inner and outer conical surfaces on the workpiece. The first transverse drive mechanism 131 and the second transverse drive mechanism 132 respectively drive the grinding device 4 and the turning-milling composite device 5 to move independently laterally on the crossbeam 13.

[0049] Preferably, the lower end of the second longitudinal moving seat 52 is provided with a limiting groove 521. The cutting tool assembly 54 includes a cutting tool holder 541, an insertion seat 554, and a cutting tool body 545. The insertion seat 554 is connected to the upper end of the cutting tool holder 541 and is detachably fixedly connected to the rotating spindle 53. The cutting tool body 545 is fixedly connected to the cutting tool holder 541. The cutting tool holder 541 is also provided with a limiting seat 542 and a limiting protrusion 543. When the insertion seat 554 of the cutting tool assembly 54 is connected to the rotating spindle 53, the limiting protrusion 543 is embedded in the limiting groove 521 to limit the relative rotation between the cutting tool holder 541 and the second longitudinal moving seat 52. By setting the limiting groove 521 and the limiting protrusion 543, when the cutting tool assembly 54 is installed on the rotating spindle 53, the rotation between the cutting tool holder 541 and the second longitudinal moving seat 52 is limited, reducing the braking force of the braking mechanism between the rotating spindle 53 and the second longitudinal moving seat 52, and playing a role in protecting the machine tool.

[0050] like Figure 7 As shown, the limiting groove 521 on the limiting seat 542 has two grooves symmetrically centered relative to the axis of the rotating spindle 53, and the limiting protrusion 543 is engaged in one of the limiting grooves 521. Thus, the cutting tool assembly 54 has two different mounting directions, corresponding to the machining of the outer and inner circles respectively. Preferably, as... Figure 6 As shown, the limiting protrusion 543 and the cutting tool body 545 are located on the same side, which makes it convenient for the worker to observe both the limiting protrusion 543 and the cutting tool body 545 at the same time.

[0051] Preferably, an external gear ring 22 is provided below the rotating chuck 21 of the vertical worktable 2, and a main drive mechanism 23 and an auxiliary drive mechanism 3 are provided on the side of the worktable base 11. The main drive mechanism 23 includes a main drive motor 231, a belt pulley transmission mechanism 232 and a transmission gear set 233. The main drive motor 231 is connected to the transmission gear set 233 through the belt pulley transmission mechanism 232, and the output end of the transmission gear set 233 is meshed with the external gear ring 22.

[0052] like Figures 3 to 6 As shown, the auxiliary drive mechanism 3 includes a housing 31, a drive shaft 32, a drive gear 33, a first worm gear 34, a first worm 35, a fixed gear disc 36, a movable gear disc 37, a shift fork 38, and a drive cylinder 39. The housing 31 is fixedly connected to the side of the workbench 11. The upper and lower ends of the drive shaft 32 are rotatably connected to the workbench 11. The drive gear 33 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the drive shaft 32 and meshes with the external gear ring 22. The lower part of the drive shaft 32 is fitted with the first worm gear 34. The first worm 35 is horizontally rotatably connected to the housing 31 and meshes with the first worm 36. A worm gear 34 is engaged, and a motor that drives the first worm 35 to rotate is provided outside the housing 31; a fixed gear 36 is fixedly connected to the first worm gear 34, and a movable gear 37 is sleeved on the drive shaft 32 and connected by a sliding key and located above the fixed gear 36. The middle part of the movable gear 37 is rotatably connected to the shift fork 38. A drive cylinder 39 for driving the shift fork 38 to move up and down is also provided inside the housing 31. The movable gear 37 can change its position along the axial direction of the drive shaft 32 under the action of the shift fork 38 so that the movable gear 37 engages or disengages from the fixed gear 36.

[0053] During turning, the rotary chuck 21 rotates at high speed under the drive of the main drive mechanism 23. During milling, the angular position of the rotary chuck 21 needs more precise control; therefore, an auxiliary drive mechanism 3 is also provided on the side of the worktable. When the rotary chuck 21 rotates at high speed, the movable gear 37 in the auxiliary drive mechanism 3 disengages from the fixed gear 36 under the drive of the shift fork 38, and the first worm gear 34 and the second worm 35 do not rotate. When low speed is required or the position of the rotary chuck 21 needs adjustment, the main drive mechanism 23 is in a free state. At this time, the drive cylinder 39 drives the shift fork 38 to move downwards, causing the movable gear 37 to mesh with the fixed gear 36. The first worm 35 rotates, driving the first worm gear 34 to rotate, and then the rotation is transmitted to the drive shaft 32 through the fixed gear 36 and the movable gear 37. The drive gear 33 on the drive shaft 32 drives the outer gear ring 22 to rotate.

[0054] Preferably, the drive cylinder 39 is a hydraulic cylinder, and a position indicator rod 391 extending from the lower surface of the housing 31 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the piston rod 45 of the hydraulic cylinder. A position indicator block 392 is fixedly connected to the position indicator rod 391. A first sensor 393 and a second sensor 394 are provided on the lower surface of the housing 31. When the position indicator block 392 is aligned with the first sensor 393, the movable gear disk 37 is disengaged from the fixed gear disk 36. When the position indicator block 392 is aligned with the second sensor 394, the movable gear disk 37 is engaged with the fixed gear disk 36. By setting the first sensor 393 and the second sensor 394, the two positions of the movable gear disk 37 being disengaged and engaged with the fixed gear disk 36 can be indicated, enabling the system to automatically sense the current state of the auxiliary drive mechanism 3.

[0055] Preferably, such as Figure 4 As shown, a brake disc 211 is provided on the outer periphery of the rotary chuck 21, and a brake caliper 212 for clamping the brake disc 211 is provided on the upper end of the worktable 11. When the rotary chuck 21 needs to be stationary, the brake caliper 212 clamps the brake disc 211, thereby fixing the position of the rotary chuck 21 and the worktable 11.

[0056] Preferably, a telescopic shaft 44 is provided inside the first longitudinal moving seat 42, the telescopic shaft 44 being movable along the axial direction and rotatable around the axis; the grinding seat 49 is locked to the front of the telescopic shaft 44; a first toothed disc 421 is fixedly provided on the first longitudinal moving seat 42, and a second toothed disc 492 is fixedly provided on the side of the grinding seat 49 facing the first longitudinal moving seat 42; when the telescopic shaft 44 extends forward, the first toothed disc 421 and the second toothed disc 492 are completely separated; when the telescopic shaft 44 retracts backward, the first toothed disc 421 and the second toothed disc 492 mesh with each other; both the first toothed disc 421 and the second toothed disc 492 have complete annular teeth, and the number of teeth on both the first toothed disc 421 and the second toothed disc 492 is 360; the first toothed disc 421 is detachably fixedly connected to the first longitudinal moving seat 42, and the second toothed disc 492 is detachably fixedly connected to the grinding seat 49.

[0057] Thus, when the angle of the polishing seat 49 needs to be adjusted, the telescopic shaft 44 extends forward, causing the first toothed disc 421 and the second toothed disc 492 to disengage from each other. Then, the telescopic shaft 44 rotates, causing the polishing seat 49 to rotate to the target angle. Then, the first toothed disc 421 and the second toothed disc 492 re-engage, thus fixing the polishing seat 49 and the first longitudinal moving seat 42 to each other.

[0058] Preferably, a piston rod 45 is provided inside the first longitudinal moving seat 42, and an inner cavity is provided inside the telescopic shaft 44. The inner cavity of the telescopic shaft 44 is slidably connected to the piston rod 45. An oil cavity 451 is provided between the piston head on the piston rod 45 and the telescopic shaft 44. A spring 46 is also provided inside the inner cavity, sleeved on the outside of the piston rod 45. The rear end of the spring 46 abuts against the rear part of the telescopic shaft 44, and the front end of the spring 46 abuts against the piston head. A second worm gear 47 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the telescopic shaft 44. A second worm drive mechanism for driving the second worm gear 47 to rotate is also provided inside the first longitudinal moving seat 42. The tail end of the piston rod 45 is rotatably connected to the first longitudinal moving seat 42. A pin hole is provided at the head of the piston head. A pin (not shown in the figure) is provided on the end face of the inner cavity of the telescopic shaft 44. The pin is slidably connected in the pin hole (not shown in the figure). The length directions of the pin and the pin hole are parallel to the telescopic direction of the telescopic shaft 44. The extension of the telescopic shaft 44 is achieved by filling the oil chamber 451 with hydraulic oil. When the hydraulic oil is filled, the telescopic shaft 44 moves forward and the spring 46 is compressed. At this time, the first gear plate 421 and the second gear plate 492 disengage from each other. Then, the second worm drive mechanism in the first longitudinal moving seat 42 drives the second worm wheel 47 to rotate, thereby driving the telescopic shaft 44 to rotate.

[0059] The rear end of the spring 46 abuts against the rear part of the telescopic shaft 44, and the head of the piston head is provided with a pin hole. A pin is provided on the inner end face of the telescopic shaft 44. The pin is slidably connected in the pin hole. In this way, when the telescopic shaft 44 rotates, the piston head and piston rod 45 rotate together, so that the spring 46 is only subjected to the compressive force of the axis and not to the torsional force. When the hydraulic oil is depressurized, the telescopic shaft 44 will not rotate additionally because of the spring 46.

[0060] Preferably, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the first lateral drive mechanism 131 and the second lateral drive mechanism 132 share a set of slide rails. The first lateral drive mechanism 131 also includes a first lead screw and nut transmission mechanism, and the second lateral drive mechanism 132 also includes a second lead screw and nut transmission mechanism. The lead screws of the first lead screw and nut transmission mechanism and the second lead screw and nut transmission mechanism are staggered on the crossbeam 13. In this way, the first lateral moving seat 41 and the second lateral moving seat 51 are guaranteed to have a large range of movement on the crossbeam 13.

[0061] Preferably, such as Figure 10 and Figure 11As shown, the first longitudinal drive mechanism includes a third lead screw and nut transmission mechanism 43, and limit sliders 411 are provided on both sides of the first transverse moving seat. The first longitudinal moving seat 42 is slidably connected to the first transverse moving seat 41 in the vertical direction through the limit sliders 411.

[0062] Compared with the prior art, the present invention, by setting up a grinding device 4 and a milling-turning compound device 5, can process the workpiece driven by the rotary chuck 21 on the worktable. The limiting protrusion 543 on the cutting tool assembly 54 engages with the limiting groove 521 on the second longitudinal moving seat 52, thereby fixing the positions of the cutting tool assembly 54 and the second longitudinal moving seat 52. The grinding seat 49 can be angled relative to the first longitudinal moving seat 42, making it more suitable for processing workpieces with internal and external conical surfaces.

[0063] The above embodiments and figures are not intended to limit the product form and style of the present invention. Any appropriate changes or modifications made by those skilled in the art should be considered as not departing from the patent scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A vertical turning, milling, and grinding composite machine tool, characterized in that, The device includes a base, a vertical worktable, a grinding device, and a turning-milling compound device. The base comprises an integrally connected worktable base and a gantry frame. The vertical worktable is mounted on the worktable base and has a rotary chuck for clamping workpieces, which can rotate around a vertical axis. A crossbeam is mounted on the gantry frame, and a first transverse drive mechanism and a second transverse drive mechanism are mounted on the crossbeam. The grinding device and the turning-milling compound device are mounted on the crossbeam. The first transverse drive mechanism is connected to the grinding device to drive the grinding device to move horizontally. The second transverse drive mechanism is connected to the turning-milling compound device to drive the turning-milling compound device to move horizontally. The grinding device includes a first transverse moving seat, a first longitudinal moving seat, a grinding seat, and a grinding head. The grinding head is mounted on the grinding seat. The first transverse moving seat is fixedly connected to the first transverse drive mechanism and can move horizontally on the crossbeam. The first transverse moving seat is provided with a first longitudinal drive mechanism. The first longitudinal moving seat is connected to the first longitudinal drive mechanism and can move vertically on the first transverse moving seat. The grinding seat is rotatably connected to the first longitudinal moving seat. The milling and turning device includes a second transverse moving seat, a second longitudinal moving seat, a turning tool assembly, and a milling cutter assembly. The second transverse moving seat is fixedly connected to the second transverse drive mechanism and can move horizontally on the crossbeam. A second longitudinal drive mechanism is provided on the second transverse moving seat, and the second longitudinal moving seat is connected to the second longitudinal drive mechanism and can move vertically on the second transverse moving seat. A rotating spindle is provided inside the second longitudinal moving seat, and the lower end of the rotating spindle is detachably mounted with the turning tool assembly or the milling cutter assembly. A tool magazine is fixedly connected to the crossbeam, and the tool magazine is located on the side of the milling and turning device. The tool magazine contains the turning tool assembly and the milling cutter assembly. The lower end of the second longitudinal moving seat is provided with a limiting groove. The cutting tool assembly includes a cutting tool holder, an insert seat, and a cutting tool body. The insert seat is connected to the upper end of the cutting tool holder and is detachably fixedly connected to the rotating spindle. The cutting tool body is fixedly connected to the cutting tool holder. The cutting tool holder is also provided with a limiting seat and a limiting protrusion. When the insert seat of the cutting tool assembly is connected to the rotating spindle, the limiting protrusion is embedded in the limiting groove to limit the relative rotation between the cutting tool holder and the second longitudinal moving seat. An external gear ring is provided below the rotary chuck of the vertical worktable. A main drive mechanism and an auxiliary drive mechanism are provided on the side of the worktable base. The main drive mechanism includes a main drive motor, a belt pulley transmission mechanism and a transmission gear set. The main drive motor is connected to the transmission gear set through the belt pulley transmission mechanism. The output end of the transmission gear set is meshed with the external gear ring. The auxiliary drive mechanism includes a housing, a drive shaft, a drive gear, a first worm gear, a first worm, a fixed gear plate, a movable gear plate, a shift fork, and a drive cylinder. The housing is fixedly connected to the side of the workbench. The upper and lower ends of the drive shaft are rotatably connected to the workbench. The drive gear is fixedly connected to the upper end of the drive shaft and meshes with the external gear ring. The lower part of the drive shaft is fitted with a first worm gear. The first worm is horizontally rotatably connected to the housing and meshes with the first worm gear. A motor for driving the first worm to rotate is provided outside the housing. A fixed gear plate is fixedly connected to the first worm gear. A movable gear plate is fitted on the drive shaft and connected by a sliding key, located above the fixed gear plate. The middle part of the movable gear plate is rotatably connected to the shift fork. A drive cylinder for driving the shift fork to move up and down is also provided inside the housing. The movable gear plate can change position along the axial direction of the drive shaft under the action of the shift fork, so that the movable gear plate meshes with or separates from the fixed gear plate. The drive cylinder is a hydraulic cylinder. The lower end of the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected to a position indicator rod extending from the lower surface of the housing. A position indicator block is fixedly connected to the position indicator rod. A first sensor and a second sensor are provided on the lower surface of the housing. When the position indicator block is flush with the first sensor, the movable gear plate is disengaged from the fixed gear plate. When the position indicator block is flush with the second sensor, the movable gear plate is engaged with the fixed gear plate. A brake disc is provided on the outer periphery of the rotary chuck, and a brake caliper for clamping the brake disc is provided on the upper end of the worktable.

2. The vertical turning, milling, and grinding composite machine tool as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The first longitudinal moving seat is provided with a telescopic shaft, which can move along the axial direction and rotate around the axis. The grinding seat is locked to the front of the telescopic shaft. A first toothed disc is fixedly provided on the first longitudinal moving seat, and a second toothed disc is fixedly provided on the side of the grinding seat facing the first longitudinal moving seat. When the telescopic shaft extends forward, the first toothed disc and the second toothed disc are completely separated. When the telescopic shaft retracts backward, the first toothed disc and the second toothed disc mesh with each other. Both the first toothed disc and the second toothed disc have complete annular teeth, and the number of teeth on both the first toothed disc and the second toothed disc is 360. The first toothed disc is detachably fixedly connected to the first longitudinal moving seat, and the second toothed disc is detachably fixedly connected to the grinding seat.

3. A vertical turning, milling, and grinding composite machine tool as described in claim 2, characterized in that, A piston rod is provided inside the first longitudinal moving seat, and an inner cavity is provided inside the telescopic shaft. The inner cavity of the telescopic shaft is slidably connected to the piston rod. An oil cavity is provided between the piston head on the piston rod and the telescopic shaft. A spring is also provided inside the inner cavity, sleeved on the outside of the piston rod. The rear end of the spring abuts against the rear part of the telescopic shaft, and the front end of the spring abuts against the piston head. A second worm gear is sleeved on the outer circumference of the telescopic shaft. A second worm drive mechanism for driving the second worm gear to rotate is also provided inside the first longitudinal moving seat. The tail end of the piston rod is rotatably connected to the first longitudinal moving seat. A pin hole is provided at the head of the piston head. A pin is provided on the end face of the inner cavity of the telescopic shaft. The pin is slidably connected in the pin hole. The length directions of the pin and the pin hole are parallel to the telescopic direction of the telescopic shaft.

4. A vertical turning, milling, and grinding composite machine tool as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The first lateral drive mechanism and the second lateral drive mechanism share a set of slide rails. The first lateral drive mechanism also includes a first lead screw and nut transmission mechanism, and the second lateral drive mechanism also includes a second lead screw and nut transmission mechanism. The lead screws of the first lead screw and nut transmission mechanism and the second lead screw and nut transmission mechanism are staggered on the crossbeam.

5. A vertical turning, milling, and grinding composite machine tool as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The first longitudinal drive mechanism includes a third lead screw and nut transmission mechanism. Limiting sliders are provided on both sides of the first transverse moving seat. The first longitudinal moving seat is slidably connected to the first transverse moving seat in the vertical direction through the limiting sliders.

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