A high-temperature forging and grinding process for casting processing

Abstract

The present invention discloses a high-temperature forging and polishing process for casting processing, which relates to the technical field of casting forging and polishing. In order to solve the problem that the existing columnar castings are generally polished by rotating the columnar parts during the forging and polishing process, the size and rotational stability of the columnar parts are required to be high, the generated rotational force is easy to cause secondary damage to the columnar castings, and the columnar parts can only be polished in a push-type manner, resulting in a problem of slow overall polishing efficiency. The process includes the following steps: Step 1: Raw material processing; the raw materials required for high-temperature forging are pre-cut to make the raw material size reach the required standard range, the cut residues are collected during the cutting process, the finished cut materials are sent to the preheating furnace, the furnace temperature is heated to 400±10℃, the heating duration is between 80-120min, and the raw materials are evenly turned during the heating process to make the surface temperature of the raw materials uniform.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of casting forging and grinding, in particular to a high-temperature forging and grinding process for casting processing. Background Art

[0002] Forging is a processing method that uses a forging machine to apply pressure to a metal blank, causing it to undergo plastic deformation to obtain forgings with certain mechanical properties, shapes, and sizes. The forging process generally requires a grinding process to perform surface treatment on the forgings.

[0003] However, in the existing columnar castings, the columnar parts are generally polished by rotating the columnar parts during the forging and polishing process. This process has high requirements on the size and specifications of the columnar parts and the rotation stability. The generated rotational force can easily cause secondary damage to the columnar castings. In addition, the columnar parts can only be polished in a push-type manner, resulting in slow overall polishing efficiency. Therefore, it does not meet the existing needs. We have proposed a high-temperature forging and polishing process for casting processing. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a high-temperature forging and grinding process for casting processing, so as to solve the problem proposed in the above background technology that the existing columnar castings are generally ground by rotating the columnar parts during the forging and grinding process. This process has high requirements on the size and specifications of the columnar parts and the rotational stability. The generated rotational force can easily cause secondary damage to the columnar castings, and the columnar parts can only be ground in a pushing manner, resulting in slow overall grinding efficiency.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a high-temperature forging and grinding process for casting processing, comprising the following steps:

[0006] Step 1: Raw material processing: The raw materials required for high-temperature forging are pre-cut to make the raw material size reach the required standard range. The cut residues are collected during the cutting process. The finished cut materials are sent to the preheating furnace and heated to 400±10℃ for 80-120 minutes. During the heating process, the raw materials are evenly turned to make the surface temperature of the raw materials uniform. After reaching the equilibrium temperature, the raw materials are taken out and wait for the subsequent forging operation.

[0007] Step 2: Forging: Forging the preheated forging piece with a forging machine, using direct forging to forge the forging piece into a blank;

[0008] Step 3: Initial forging; the forged blank is subjected to normalizing heat treatment, and the blank is heated to 30-50°C above Ac3 or Acm. During normalizing, the surface crystal grains of the blank can be refined by adjusting the cooling to improve the comprehensive mechanical properties and cutting performance of the material; after normalizing cooling, the forging is sent to the rough turning area to remove most of the blank residue on the surface of the forging during the hot working process; after rough turning, the forging is sent to the quenching and tempering area to quench and high-temperature temper the forging. The temperature of the high-temperature tempering process is maintained between 500-650°C to obtain tempered bainite;

[0009] Step 4: Shot blasting: Use a machine to treat the surface of the forging, using a projectile with a speed of 100-150m / s and a diameter of 0.2-2.0mm to continuously impact the surface of the forging, forcing the target surface and the surface layer of 0.10-0.85mm to undergo benign changes during the cyclic deformation process;

[0010] Step 5: First inspection: Inspect the workpiece after shot blasting. First, perform an appearance inspection to check whether there are cracks, deformation, oxidation, decarburization, surface burns, bruises, and burrs on the workpiece surface, as well as the hardness of the workpiece. Then perform a flaw detection inspection on the workpiece. Qualified products will enter the next area, and unqualified products will be returned to the furnace for remanufacturing.

[0011] Step 6: Arrange the blank; perform shot blasting on the workpiece again. During this process, the blank can be welded to the desired finished product shape, and the surface of the workpiece is polished by grinding equipment. Finally, the workpiece is sent to the pickling process for conventional pickling process.

[0012] Step 7: Secondary inspection: The workpieces completed in the roughing process are re-inspected, and fine outer tube inspection, dimensional inspection, and finished product mechanical property inspection are carried out. Qualified finished products are marked with corresponding product labels and put into storage. Unqualified workpieces are sent to the roughing process for secondary processing.

[0013] In which, the grinding equipment includes a grinding mechanism body, a cylindrical barrel is provided at the middle position of the grinding mechanism body, the inner wall of the cylindrical barrel is provided with a rotating groove, and there are multiple rotating grooves, and the multiple rotating grooves are spirally arranged on the inner wall of the cylindrical barrel, and a groove guide rail is provided inside the rotating groove, and the groove guide rail is divided into two groups of forward guide rails and reverse guide rails, and the forward guide rails and reverse guide rails are arranged at intervals, and the outer walls of the groove guide rails are provided with electric sliders, and the outer walls of the electric sliders are provided with grinding block assemblies, and the grinding block assemblies are slidably connected to the groove guide rails through the electric sliders, and the outer walls of the upper and lower ends of the cylindrical barrel are provided with connecting inlet and outlet ends.

[0014] Preferably, a grinding block is provided at the middle position of the grinding block assembly, and a flip motor is provided on both sides of the grinding block. A rotating mechanism is provided at one end of the flip motor close to the grinding block, and the flip motor is transmission-connected to the grinding block through the rotating mechanism.

[0015] Preferably, clamping members are provided on both sides of the rotating mechanism, a motor fixing member is provided at the lower end of the flip motor, and the flip motor is threadedly connected to the grinding block assembly through the motor fixing member.

[0016] Preferably, a cylinder inlet and outlet are provided at the middle position of the connecting inlet and outlet ends, and a bottom support docking mechanism is provided below the connecting inlet and outlet ends at the lower end.

[0017] Preferably, a first semicircular body and a second semicircular body are respectively provided on both sides of the bottom support docking mechanism, and a limited position assembly mechanism is provided between adjacent first semicircular bodies and second semicircular bodies.

[0018] Preferably, the first semicircular ring body and the second semicircular ring body are both provided with limiting arc plates inside, and the outer walls of the limiting arc plates are provided with anti-slip grooved surfaces.

[0019] Preferably, a combined connector is provided at one end of the limiting arc plate, adjustment mechanisms are provided on both sides of the combined connector, an adjustment telescopic rod is provided at one end of the adjustment mechanism, and one end of the adjustment telescopic rod is threadedly connected to the limiting arc plate.

[0020] Preferably, a supporting fixture is provided at one end of the combined connecting piece away from the limiting arc plate, and the supporting fixture is threadedly connected to the combined connecting piece.

[0021] Preferably, both sides of the connection inlet and outlet ends are provided with docking hollow channels, a ball screw is provided inside the docking hollow channel, and a screw drive motor is provided at one end of the ball screw.

[0022] Preferably, the outer walls on both sides of the cylindrical barrel are provided with sound insulation board layers, the four corners of the outer wall of the grinding block assembly are provided with fixing screws, and the grinding block assembly is threadedly connected to the electric slider through the fixing screws.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0024] The present invention provides a plurality of rotating grooves on the inner wall of the cylindrical cylinder so that the rotating grooves form a spiral groove, and a corresponding groove guide rail is provided in the rotating groove, and the groove guide rail is divided into two groups of positive guide rails and reverse guide rails, and the positive guide rails and reverse guide rails are arranged at intervals, and a corresponding electric slider is installed on the outer wall of the cylindrical cylinder to drive the grinding block assembly to move. Due to the pre-arranged spiral groove, the grinding block assembly at the positive guide rail can move upward in a circular motion from bottom to top, while the grinding block assembly at the reverse guide rail can move downward in a circular motion from top to bottom. The two grind the cylindrical outer wall of the cylindrical part in a circular motion. Since the grinding operation is carried out in a two-way propulsion mode, the grinding efficiency can be improved, and the cylindrical cylinder is sleeved into the outside of the cylindrical part in a sleeve-like manner, so that the grinding operation is carried out in an internal rotation mode, and the cylindrical part itself does not move, so that the equipment can effectively grind large cylindrical parts, and has excellent rotation stability and high overall safety factor, and the cylindrical part will not be damaged secondary due to its own rotation.

[0025] 2. The grinding block is turned over by rotation. After one grinding is completed, the user can perform a second grinding operation without replacing the internal grinding block, thereby improving the overall grinding efficiency. The screw drive motor and ball screw can be used to move the cylindrical barrel up and down, thereby achieving the effect of height adjustment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 is a process flow chart of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the grinding mechanism of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the local structure of the cylindrical barrel of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the partial structure of the bottom support docking mechanism of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the partial structure of the grinding block assembly of the present invention;

[0031] In the figure: 1. Grinding mechanism body; 2. Columnar cylinder; 3. Sound insulation board layer; 4. Connection inlet and outlet; 5. Cylinder inlet and outlet; 6. Bottom support docking mechanism; 7. Docking hollow channel; 8. Ball screw; 9. Screw drive motor; 10. Rotating groove; 11. Groove guide rail; 12. Electric slider; 13. First semicircular ring; 14. Second semicircular ring; 15. Limit assembly mechanism; 16. Limit arc plate; 17. Support fixing part; 18. Combined connecting part; 19. Adjustment mechanism; 20. Adjustment telescopic rod; 21. Anti-slip surface; 22. Grinding block assembly; 23. Fixing screw; 24. Grinding block; 25. Flip motor; 26. Motor fixing part; 27. Rotation mechanism; 28. Clamping part. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0033] See also Figure 1-5 The present invention provides an embodiment of a high-temperature forging and grinding process for casting processing, comprising the following steps:

[0034] Step 1: Raw material processing: The raw materials required for high-temperature forging are pre-cut to make the raw material size reach the required standard range. The cut residues are collected during the cutting process. The finished cut materials are sent to the preheating furnace and heated to 400±10℃ for 80-120 minutes. During the heating process, the raw materials are evenly turned to make the surface temperature of the raw materials uniform. After reaching the equilibrium temperature, the raw materials are taken out and wait for the subsequent forging operation.

[0035] Step 2: Forging: Forging the preheated forging piece with a forging machine, using direct forging to forge the forging piece into a blank;

[0036] Step 3: Initial forging; the forged blank is subjected to normalizing heat treatment, and the blank is heated to 30-50°C above Ac3 or Acm. During normalizing, the surface crystal grains of the blank can be refined by adjusting the cooling to improve the comprehensive mechanical properties and cutting performance of the material; after normalizing cooling, the forging is sent to the rough turning area to remove most of the blank residue on the surface of the forging during the hot working process; after rough turning, the forging is sent to the quenching and tempering area to quench and high-temperature temper the forging. The temperature of the high-temperature tempering process is maintained between 500-650°C to obtain tempered bainite;

[0037] Step 4: Shot blasting: Use a machine to treat the surface of the forging, using a projectile with a speed of 100-150m / s and a diameter of 0.2-2.0mm to continuously impact the surface of the forging, forcing the target surface and the surface layer of 0.10-0.85mm to undergo benign changes during the cyclic deformation process;

[0038] Step 5: First inspection: Inspect the workpiece after shot blasting. First, perform an appearance inspection to check whether there are cracks, deformation, oxidation, decarburization, surface burns, bruises, and burrs on the workpiece surface, as well as the hardness of the workpiece. Then perform a flaw detection inspection on the workpiece. Qualified products will enter the next area, and unqualified products will be returned to the furnace for remanufacturing.

[0039] Step 6: Arrange the blank; perform shot blasting on the workpiece again. During this process, the blank can be welded to the desired finished product shape, and the surface of the workpiece is polished by grinding equipment. Finally, the workpiece is sent to the pickling process for conventional pickling process.

[0040] Step 7: Secondary inspection: The workpieces completed in the roughing process are re-inspected, and fine outer tube inspection, dimensional inspection, and finished product mechanical property inspection are carried out. Qualified finished products are marked with corresponding product labels and put into storage. Unqualified workpieces are sent to the roughing process for secondary processing.

[0041] Among them, the grinding equipment includes a grinding mechanism body 1, a cylindrical barrel 2 is provided at the middle position of the grinding mechanism body 1, the inner wall of the cylindrical barrel 2 is provided with a rotating groove 10, and there are multiple rotating grooves 10, and multiple rotating grooves 10 are spirally arranged on the inner wall of the cylindrical barrel 2, and a groove guide rail 11 is provided inside the rotating groove 10. The groove guide rail 11 is divided into two groups of forward guide rails and reverse guide rails, and the forward guide rails and reverse guide rails are arranged at intervals. The outer walls of the groove guide rails 11 are provided with electric sliders 12, and the outer walls of the electric sliders 12 are provided with grinding block assemblies 22, and the grinding block assemblies 22 are slidingly connected to the groove guide rails 11 through the electric sliders 12, and the outer walls of the upper and lower ends of the cylindrical barrel 2 are provided with connecting inlet and outlet ends 4.

[0042] Furthermore, a grinding block 24 is provided at the middle position of the grinding block assembly 22, and a flip motor 25 is provided on both sides of the grinding block 24. A rotating mechanism 27 is provided at one end of the flip motor 25 close to the grinding block 24, and the flip motor 25 is connected to the grinding block 24 through the rotating mechanism 27. The flip motor 25 can drive the grinding block 24 to rotate, and the grinding block 24 can be turned over by rotation. After one grinding is completed, the user can perform a second grinding operation without replacing the internal grinding block 24, thereby improving the overall grinding efficiency.

[0043] Furthermore, clamping members 28 are provided on both sides of the rotating mechanism 27, a motor fixing member 26 is provided at the lower end of the flipping motor 25, and the flipping motor 25 is threadedly connected to the grinding block assembly 22 through the motor fixing member 26. The clamping member 28 is used to clamp and fix, and the motor fixing member 26 is used to fix the flipping motor 25.

[0044] Furthermore, a cylinder inlet and outlet 5 is provided at the middle position of the connection inlet and outlet end 4, and a bottom support docking mechanism 6 is provided below the lower end connection inlet and outlet end 4. The cylinder inlet and outlet 5 is used for the columnar member to pass through.

[0045] Furthermore, a first semicircular ring 13 and a second semicircular ring 14 are respectively provided on both sides of the bottom support docking mechanism 6, and a limiting assembly mechanism 15 is provided between adjacent first semicircular rings 13 and second semicircular rings 14. The first semicircular ring 13 and the second semicircular ring 14 can be combined into a ring through the limiting assembly mechanism 15.

[0046] Furthermore, a limiting arc plate 16 is provided inside the first semicircular ring body 13 and the second semicircular ring body 14, and the outer wall of the limiting arc plate 16 is provided with an anti-slip surface 21. The columnar part to be polished can be fixed between the two arc plates through the limiting arc plate 16, and the anti-slip surface 21 is used to enhance the friction force, thereby achieving the effect of anti-slip and improved stability.

[0047] Furthermore, a combined connecting piece 18 is provided at one end of the limiting arc plate 16, and an adjustment mechanism 19 is provided on both sides of the combined connecting piece 18. An adjusting telescopic rod 20 is provided at one end of the adjusting mechanism 19, and one end of the adjusting telescopic rod 20 is threadedly connected to the limiting arc plate 16. The adjusting telescopic rod 20 at the adjusting mechanism 19 can drive the position of the limiting arc plate 16 to move telescopically, so that the limiting arc plate 16 can be adjusted according to columnar parts of different specifications.

[0048] Furthermore, a supporting fixture 17 is provided at one end of the combined connecting member 18 away from the limiting arc plate 16 , and the supporting fixture 17 is threadedly connected to the combined connecting member 18 . The supporting fixture 17 and the combined connecting member 18 are used to fix the limiting arc plate 16 .

[0049] Furthermore, a docking hollow channel 7 is provided on both sides of the inlet and outlet ends 4, a ball screw 8 is provided inside the docking hollow channel 7, and a screw drive motor 9 is provided at one end of the ball screw 8. The screw drive motor 9 and the ball screw 8 can be used to move the cylindrical barrel 2 up and down, thereby achieving the effect of height adjustment.

[0050] Furthermore, the outer walls on both sides of the cylindrical barrel 2 are provided with sound insulation board layers 3, and the four corners of the outer wall of the grinding block assembly 22 are provided with fixing screws 23, and the grinding block assembly 22 is threadedly connected to the electric slider 12 through the fixing screws 23. The sound insulation board layer 3 is used to reduce the noise generated during grinding, and the fixing screws 23 are used to facilitate the user to combine the grinding block assembly 22 and the electric slider 12 together.

[0051] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above and that the invention can be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as illustrative and non-restrictive, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims, not the foregoing description, and all variations within the meaning and range of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim to which it relates.

Claims

1. A high-temperature forging and grinding process for casting processing, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Raw material processing; The raw materials required for high-temperature forging are pre-cut to the required standard size. The cut residues are collected during the cutting process. The finished cut materials are sent to the preheating furnace and heated to 400±10°C for 80-120 minutes. During the heating process, the raw materials are evenly turned to make the surface temperature of the raw materials uniform. After reaching the equilibrium temperature, the raw materials are taken out and wait for the subsequent forging operation; Step 2: Forging: Forging the preheated forging piece with a forging machine, using direct forging to forge the forging piece into a blank; Step 3: Initial forging; the forged blank is subjected to normalizing heat treatment, and the blank is heated to 30-50°C above Ac3 or Acm. During normalizing, the surface crystal grains of the blank can be refined by adjusting the cooling to improve the comprehensive mechanical properties and cutting performance of the material; After normalizing and cooling, the forgings are sent to the rough turning area to remove most of the blank residue on the surface of the forgings during the hot working process; after rough turning, the forgings are sent to the tempering area for quenching and high-temperature tempering. The high-temperature tempering process temperature is maintained between 500-650°C to obtain tempered bainite; Step 4: Shot blasting: Use a machine to treat the surface of the forging, using a projectile with a flow rate of 100-150m / s and a diameter of 0.2-2.0mm to continuously impact the surface of the forging, forcing the target surface and the surface layer 0.10-0.85mm to undergo benign changes during the cyclic deformation process; Step 5: First inspection: Inspect the workpiece after shot blasting. First, perform an appearance inspection to check whether there are cracks, deformation, oxidation, decarburization, surface burns, bruises, and burrs on the workpiece surface, as well as the hardness of the workpiece. Then perform a flaw detection inspection on the workpiece. Qualified products will enter the next area, and unqualified products will be returned to the furnace for remanufacturing. Step 6: Finishing the blank; The workpiece is shot blasted again, during which the blank is welded into the desired finished product shape, the surface of the workpiece is ground and polished using grinding equipment, and finally the workpiece is sent to the pickling process for conventional pickling process; Step 7: Secondary inspection: The workpieces completed in the roughing process are re-inspected, and fine outer tube inspection, dimensional inspection, and finished product mechanical property inspection are carried out. Qualified finished products are marked with corresponding product labels and put into storage. Unqualified workpieces are sent to the roughing process for secondary processing. The grinding device comprises a grinding mechanism body (1), a cylindrical barrel (2) is provided at the middle position of the grinding mechanism body (1), an inner wall of the cylindrical barrel (2) is provided with a rotating groove (10), and a plurality of the rotating grooves (10) are provided, and the plurality of rotating grooves (10) are spirally arranged on the inner wall of the cylindrical barrel (2), a groove guide rail (11) is provided inside the rotating groove (10), the groove guide rail (11) is divided into two groups of forward guide rails and reverse guide rails, and the forward guide rails and reverse guide rails are arranged at intervals, the outer walls of the groove guide rails (11) are provided with electric sliders (12), the outer walls of the electric sliders (12) are provided with grinding block assemblies (22), and the grinding block assemblies (22) are slidably connected to the groove guide rails (11) through the electric sliders (12), and the outer walls of the upper and lower ends of the cylindrical barrel (2) are provided with connecting inlet and outlet ends (4).

2. The high-temperature forging and polishing process for casting processing according to claim 1, characterized in that: A grinding block (24) is provided at the middle position of the grinding block assembly (22), and a flip motor (25) is provided on both sides of the grinding block (24). A rotating mechanism (27) is provided at one end of the flip motor (25) close to the grinding block (24), and the flip motor (25) is transmission-connected to the grinding block (24) via the rotating mechanism (27).

3. The high-temperature forging and polishing process for casting processing according to claim 2, characterized in that: Clamping members (28) are provided on both sides of the rotating mechanism (27), a motor fixing member (26) is provided at the lower end of the flip motor (25), and the flip motor (25) is threadedly connected to the grinding block assembly (22) via the motor fixing member (26).

4. The high-temperature forging and polishing process for casting processing according to claim 1, characterized in that: A cylinder inlet and outlet (5) is provided at the middle position of the connecting inlet and outlet end (4), and a bottom support docking mechanism (6) is provided below the connecting inlet and outlet end (4) at the lower end.

5. The high-temperature forging and grinding process for casting processing according to claim 4, characterized in that: A first semicircular ring (13) and a second semicircular ring (14) are respectively provided on both sides of the bottom support docking mechanism (6), and a limited position assembly mechanism (15) is provided between adjacent first semicircular rings (13) and second semicircular rings (14).

6. The high-temperature forging and grinding process for casting processing according to claim 5, characterized in that: A limiting arc plate (16) is provided inside the first semicircular ring (13) and the second semicircular ring (14), and an outer wall of the limiting arc plate (16) is provided with an anti-slip surface (21).

7. The high-temperature forging and grinding process for casting processing according to claim 6, characterized in that: One end of the limiting arc plate (16) is provided with a combined connecting piece (18), both sides of the combined connecting piece (18) are provided with an adjusting mechanism (19), one end of the adjusting mechanism (19) is provided with an adjusting telescopic rod (20), and one end of the adjusting telescopic rod (20) is threadedly connected to the limiting arc plate (16).

8. The high-temperature forging and grinding process for casting processing according to claim 7, characterized in that: A supporting fixing piece (17) is provided at one end of the combined connecting piece (18) away from the limiting arc plate (16), and the supporting fixing piece (17) is threadedly connected to the combined connecting piece (18).

9. The high-temperature forging and polishing process for casting processing according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both sides of the connecting inlet and outlet ends (4) are provided with docking hollow channels (7), a ball screw (8) is provided inside the docking hollow channel (7), and a screw drive motor (9) is provided at one end of the ball screw (8).

10. The high-temperature forging and grinding process for casting processing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer walls of both sides of the columnar barrel (2) are provided with sound insulation board layers (3), and the four corners of the outer wall of the grinding block assembly (22) are provided with fixing screws (23), and the grinding block assembly (22) is threadedly connected to the electric slider (12) via the fixing screws (23).

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