Full-knitted three-dimensional spacer piezoresistive sensor and its knitting method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a fully knitted three-dimensional spacer piezoresistive sensor and its knitting method. The sensor includes: a first conductive yarn layer and a second conductive yarn layer arranged at intervals; a third conductive yarn layer knitted between the first conductive yarn layer and the second conductive yarn layer; the first conductive yarn layer and the second conductive yarn layer are both in contact with the third conductive yarn layer and electrically conduct; the resistances of the first conductive yarn layer and the second conductive yarn layer are both smaller than the resistance of the third conductive yarn layer. In the natural state, the three conductive yarn layers are in series, and the resistance of the sensor is mainly based on the resistance of the third conductive yarn layer. When the spacing is reduced or partial direct contact occurs, the first conductive yarn layer and the second conductive yarn layer are in contact and electrically conduct, and the three conductive yarn layers are connected in a mixed series and parallel manner, and the resistance of the sensor will decrease. The smaller the spacing or the larger the contact area, the greater the decrease. The sensor of the present application has high sensitivity and a large detection range, and realizes the accurate measurement of the resistance of the sensor.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of sensing technologies, and particularly to a fully knitted three-dimensional spacer piezoresistive sensor and its knitting method. Background Art

[0002] Most of the existing knitted resistance sensors applicable to wearable devices can be divided into two types: one is using ordinary knitted fabric as a substrate and plating / coating a conductive layer or covering a conductive film on it. The other is knitting conductive yarns together with ordinary yarns into a two-dimensional ( / planar) structure, such as plain weave, rib, and purl structures, etc., and monitoring the resistance change through stretching, or combining two-dimensional conductive knitted fabrics into a multi-layer sensing interface for pressing detection.

[0003] The first type of knitted sensor conducts conductive treatment on the knitted product to make it a resistance sensor. Many knitted sensors with conductive plating / coating may experience wear or shedding of the conductive layer during wearing, and the conductive layer is not stable during long-term wearing. And covering a conductive film on the knitted base will limit the stretchability of the wearable or its breathability and water vapor permeability.

[0004] The second type of planar knitted sensor is mostly used to detect the resistance change when the knitted piece is subjected to transverse and longitudinal tensile forces, or the resistance change caused by the deformation of the fabric after a large force is applied in the vertical direction of the fabric. Although this type of sensing fabric can detect the resistance change caused by forces in the transverse and longitudinal directions, if the force in the vertical direction of the fabric is small (such as pressing, patting, etc.), the deformation of the fabric is small, and it is difficult to capture the precise resistance change.

[0005] It can be seen that in the prior art, the accuracy of the resistance of knitted sensors needs to be improved during wearing.

[0006] Therefore, the prior art still needs to be improved and developed. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is, in view of the above-mentioned defects of the prior art, to provide a fully knitted three-dimensional spacer piezoresistive sensor and its knitting method, aiming to solve the problem that the accuracy of the resistance of knitted sensors needs to be improved during wearing in the prior art.

[0008] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is as follows:

[0009] A fully knitted three-dimensional spacer piezoresistive sensor, which includes:

[0010] A first conductive yarn layer and a second conductive yarn layer arranged at intervals;

[0011] A third conductive yarn layer knitted between the first conductive yarn layer and the second conductive yarn layer;

[0012] Among them, the first conductive yarn layer and the second conductive yarn layer are both in contact with the third conductive yarn layer and are electrically conductive;

[0013] The resistance of the first conductive yarn layer and the resistance of the second conductive yarn layer are both smaller than the resistance of the third conductive yarn layer.

[0014] For the all-knitted three-dimensional spacer piezoresistive sensor described above, the resistance per unit length of the conductive yarns in the third conductive yarn layer is 4 - 6 Ω / cm;

[0015] The resistance per unit length of the conductive yarns in the first conductive yarn layer is 0.4 - 0.6 Ω / cm;

[0016] The resistance per unit length of the conductive yarns in the second conductive yarn layer is 0.4 - 0.6 Ω / cm.

[0017] For the all-knitted three-dimensional spacer piezoresistive sensor described above, the conductive yarns in the first conductive yarn layer and the conductive yarns in the second conductive yarn layer both adopt silver-plated conductive nylon filaments;

[0018] The conductive yarns in the third conductive yarn layer are made of a blend of stainless steel conductive fibers, silver fibers, and polyester yarns.

[0019] For the all-knitted three-dimensional spacer piezoresistive sensor described above, the first conductive yarn layer and the second conductive yarn layer are both knitted with plain stitch;

[0020] The third conductive yarn layer is knitted with tuck stitch.

[0021] For the all-knitted three-dimensional spacer piezoresistive sensor described above, the first conductive yarn layer includes:

[0022] A number of first conductive yarns arranged in sequence, each first conductive yarn forms a number of first coil structures, and the first coil structures of the first conductive yarns in the lower row are sleeved on the first coil structures of the first conductive yarns in the upper row;

[0023] The second conductive yarn layer includes:

[0024] A number of second conductive yarns arranged in sequence, each second conductive yarn forms a number of second coil structures, and the second coil structures of the second conductive yarns in the lower row are sleeved on the second coil structures of the second conductive yarns in the upper row; the arrangement direction of the number of second conductive yarns is the same as the arrangement direction of the number of first conductive yarns;

[0025] The third conductive yarn layer includes:

[0026] A plurality of rows of third conductive yarns, each row of third conductive yarns connecting a corresponding first conductive yarn and a corresponding second conductive yarn, and there are four third conductive yarns in each row of third conductive yarns;

[0027] The first third conductive yarn is successively sleeved on the first coil structure at the 4n + 1 position on the first conductive yarn and the second coil structure at the 4n + 3 position on the second conductive yarn;

[0028] The second third conductive yarn is successively sleeved on the first coil structure at the 4n + 3 position on the first conductive yarn and the second coil structure at the 4n + 1 position on the second conductive yarn;

[0029] The third third conductive yarn is successively sleeved on the first coil structure at the 4n + 2 position on the first conductive yarn and the second coil structure at the 4n + 4 position on the second conductive yarn;

[0030] The fourth third conductive yarn is successively sleeved on the first coil structure at the 4n + 4 position on the first conductive yarn and the second coil structure at the 4n + 2 position on the second conductive yarn; n is a natural number.

[0031] The all - knitted three - dimensional spacer piezoresistive sensor, wherein, a plurality of the first conductive yarns are connected end to end; a plurality of the second conductive yarns are connected end to end;

[0032] The four third conductive yarns in each row of third conductive yarns are connected in sequence.

[0033] The all - knitted three - dimensional spacer piezoresistive sensor, wherein, the edges of the first conductive yarn layer, the second conductive yarn layer and the third conductive yarn layer are connected to a non - conductive fabric.

[0034] A knitting method of an all - knitted three - dimensional spacer piezoresistive sensor as described in any one of the above, wherein, it includes the steps:

[0035] Knitting of the third conductive yarn layer:

[0036] Using the third conductive yarn to do right - side and wrong - side tuck knitting at an interval of three on the front and back machine plates along the first direction; using the third conductive yarn to do right - side and wrong - side tuck knitting at an interval of three on the front and back machine plates along the second direction; the second direction is the opposite direction of the first direction, and the needle positions of the tuck knitting in the first direction and the needle positions of the tuck knitting in the second direction are arranged oppositely;

[0037] Use the third conductive yarn to make positive and negative needle tuck knitting at an interval of one every three along the first direction on the front and rear machine plates; use the third conductive yarn to make positive and negative needle tuck knitting at an interval of one every three along the second direction on the front and rear machine plates; the needle positions of the third conductive yarn for tuck knitting in the first direction and the needle positions of the previous third conductive yarn for tuck knitting in the first direction are adjacent needle positions on the same machine plate, and the needle positions of the tuck knitting in the first direction and the needle positions of the tuck knitting in the second direction are arranged oppositely;

[0038] First-direction knitting of the first conductive yarn layer and the second conductive yarn layer:

[0039] Use two first conductive yarns to make full-needle loop knitting along the first direction on the front machine plate; use two second conductive yarns to make full-needle loop knitting along the first direction on the rear machine plate;

[0040] Continue with the steps of knitting the third conductive yarn layer;

[0041] Second-direction knitting of the first conductive yarn layer and the second conductive yarn layer:

[0042] Use two first conductive yarns to make full-needle loop knitting along the second direction on the front machine plate; use two second conductive yarns to make full-needle loop knitting along the second direction on the rear machine plate;

[0043] After completing one cycle of knitting, continue with the steps of knitting the third conductive yarn layer to perform the next cycle of knitting until a fully knitted three-dimensional spaced piezoresistive sensor is obtained.

[0044] The knitting method of the fully knitted three-dimensional spaced piezoresistive sensor, wherein, before the knitting steps of the third conductive yarn layer, the knitting method further includes the steps:

[0045] Use two first non-conductive yarns to make loop knitting at an interval of one every one along the first direction on the front and rear machine plates;

[0046] After the first-direction knitting steps of the first conductive yarn layer and the second conductive yarn layer, the knitting method further includes the steps:

[0047] On the side of the sensor facing away from the first non-conductive yarn, use two second non-conductive yarns to make loop knitting at an interval of one every one along the second direction on the front and rear machine plates; use two third non-conductive yarns to make loop knitting at an interval of one every one along the first direction on the front and rear machine plates; the needle positions of the second non-conductive yarn for loop knitting and the needle positions of the third non-conductive yarn for loop knitting are arranged oppositely;

[0048] On one side of the sensor where the first non-conductive yarn is located, two fourth non-conductive yarns are used to form loop knitting on the front and rear machine plates at intervals along the second direction; the needle positions for the loop knitting of the fourth non-conductive yarns are arranged opposite to the needle positions for the loop knitting of the first non-conductive yarn.

[0049] After the knitting step in the second direction of the first conductive yarn layer and the second conductive yarn layer, the knitting method further includes the steps:

[0050] On the side of the sensor facing away from the first non-conductive yarn, two second non-conductive yarns are used to form loop knitting on the front and rear machine plates at intervals along the second direction; two third non-conductive yarns are used to form loop knitting on the front and rear machine plates at intervals along the first direction; the needle positions for the loop knitting of the second non-conductive yarns are arranged opposite to the needle positions for the loop knitting of the third non-conductive yarns.

[0051] On one side of the sensor where the first non-conductive yarn is located, two fourth non-conductive yarns are used to form loop knitting on the front and rear machine plates at intervals along the second direction; the needle positions for the loop knitting of the fourth non-conductive yarns are arranged opposite to the needle positions for the loop knitting of the first non-conductive yarn.

[0052] For the knitting method of the all-knitted three-dimensional spaced piezoresistive sensor, wherein the first non-conductive yarn makes a tuck action at the first needle position of the third conductive yarn;

[0053] The third non-conductive yarn makes a tuck action at the last needle position of the third conductive yarn.

[0054] Advantageous effects: In the natural state, the three conductive yarn layers are in series, and the resistance of the sensor is mainly based on the resistance of the third conductive yarn layer. When the spacing is reduced or there is partial direct contact, the first conductive yarn layer and the second conductive yarn layer come into contact and are electrically conductive, and the three conductive yarn layers are connected in a mixed way of series and parallel. The resistance of the sensor will decrease. Moreover, the smaller the spacing or the larger the contact area, the greater the reduction in the resistance of the sensor. The sensor of the present application has high sensitivity and a large detection range, and realizes the accurate measurement of the resistance of the sensor. Description of the Drawings

[0055] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the all-knitted three-dimensional spaced piezoresistive sensor in the present invention.

[0056] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the all-knitted three-dimensional spaced piezoresistive sensor during knitting in the present invention.

[0057] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the knitting process of the all-knitted three-dimensional spaced piezoresistive sensor in the present invention.

[0058] Figure 4These are the front photo (a), back photo (b), left photo (c), and right photo (d) of the fully knitted three-dimensional spacer piezoresistive sensor in the present invention.

[0059] Figure 5 These are the schematic diagrams of the front wire (a) and back wire (b) of the fully knitted three-dimensional spacer piezoresistive sensor in the present invention.

[0060] Figure 6 These are the stress electrical signal diagrams of the fully knitted three-dimensional spacer piezoresistive sensor in the present invention during different movements when worn on the human body.

[0061] Figure 7 These are the relationship diagrams between the resistance change rate and pressure of the fully knitted three-dimensional spacer piezoresistive sensors with different sizes in the present invention.

[0062] Figure 8 This is the schematic diagram of the structure of the second conductive yarn layer in the present invention.

[0063] Figure 9 This is the side view of the fully knitted three-dimensional spacer piezoresistive sensor in the present invention.

[0064] Figure 10 These are the relationship diagrams between the resistance change rate and elongation rate of the fully knitted three-dimensional spacer piezoresistive sensors with different sizes in the present invention.

[0065] Figure 11 These are the schematic diagrams of the fully knitted three-dimensional spacer piezoresistive sensor when under pressure in the present invention.

[0066] Figure 12 These are the schematic diagrams of the fully knitted three-dimensional spacer piezoresistive sensor when under tension in the present invention.

[0067] Explanation of reference numerals:

[0068] 10. First conductive yarn layer; 11. First coil structure; 20. Second conductive yarn layer; 21. Second coil structure; 30. Third conductive yarn layer; 31. Third conductive yarn. Detailed implementation manners

[0069] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer and more definite, the following further elaborates on the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings and by way of examples. It should be understood that the specific examples described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0070] Please also refer to Figures 1 - 12 , the present invention provides some embodiments of a fully knitted three-dimensional spacer piezoresistive sensor.

[0071] AsFigure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, the all-knit three-dimensional spacer piezoresistive sensor of the present invention includes:

[0072] A first conductive yarn layer 10 and a second conductive yarn layer 20 arranged at intervals;

[0073] A third conductive yarn layer 30, woven between the first conductive yarn layer 10 and the second conductive yarn layer 20;

[0074] Wherein, the first conductive yarn layer 10 and the second conductive yarn layer 20 are both in contact with the third conductive yarn layer 30 and are electrically conductive;

[0075] The resistance of the first conductive yarn layer 10 and the resistance of the second conductive yarn layer 20 are both smaller than the resistance of the third conductive yarn layer 30.

[0076] Specifically, the conductive yarn layer refers to a layered component woven with conductive yarns. The conductive yarn refers to a yarn that is conductive as a whole. Specifically, conductive yarns can be obtained by methods such as blending conductive materials or plating conductive materials. Since the conductive yarn layer is woven, it is similar to clothing, which is beneficial for wearing or being worn, and has high comfort. There is an interval between the first conductive yarn layer 10 and the second conductive yarn layer 20, and they are not in direct contact or directly connected. The third conductive yarn layer 30 is woven between the first conductive yarn layer 10 and the second conductive yarn layer 20, playing a role in connecting the first conductive yarn layer 10 and the second conductive yarn layer 20. Here, the connection includes physical connection and electrical connection. Due to the physical connection, when the first conductive yarn layer 10 or the second conductive yarn layer 20 is stressed, deformation or displacement may occur, and then the distance between the first conductive yarn layer 10 and the second conductive yarn layer 20 will change, and direct contact with different areas may also occur. Due to the electrical connection, when the distance between the first conductive yarn layer 10 and the second conductive yarn changes or they come into contact, the resistance of the sensor will change.

[0077] Since the resistance of the first conductive yarn layer 10 and the resistance of the second conductive yarn layer 20 are both smaller than the resistance of the third conductive yarn layer 30, in the natural state, the three conductive yarn layers are in series, and the resistance of the sensor is mainly based on the resistance of the third conductive yarn layer 30. When the distance is reduced or partial direct contact occurs, the first conductive yarn layer 10 and the second conductive yarn layer 20 are in contact and electrically conductive, and the three conductive yarn layers are in a mixed connection of series and parallel, and the resistance of the sensor will decrease. Moreover, the smaller the distance or the larger the contact area, the greater the reduction in the resistance of the sensor. The sensor of the present application has high sensitivity and a large detection range, realizing accurate measurement of the resistance of the sensor, especially beneficial for ensuring high accuracy of the resistance under wearing or being worn.

[0078] Specifically, as Figure 11As shown in the figure, taking the plane where the first conductive yarn layer 10 is located as the horizontal plane, when the first conductive yarn layer 10 or the second conductive yarn layer 20 is stressed in the vertical direction, the stressed areas of the first conductive yarn layer 10 and the second conductive yarn layer 20 are deformed, so that the distance therebetween is reduced and they may come into contact with each other. As Figure 12 shown, when the sensor is stressed in the horizontal direction, the stressed area of the third conductive yarn layer 30 is stretched and deformed, the distance between the first conductive yarn layer 10 and the second conductive yarn layer 20 is reduced, and they may come into contact with each other. Therefore, stresses in multiple intervals in each dimension can be detected.

[0079] In a preferred implementation manner of the embodiment of the present invention, the resistance per unit length of the conductive yarns in the third conductive yarn layer 30 is 4 - 6 Ω / cm; the resistance per unit length of the conductive yarns in the first conductive yarn layer 10 is 0.4 - 0.6 Ω / cm; the resistance per unit length of the conductive yarns in the second conductive yarn layer 20 is 0.4 - 0.6 Ω / cm.

[0080] Specifically, the conductive yarns in the first conductive yarn layer 10 are denoted as first conductive yarns, the conductive yarns in the second conductive yarn layer 20 are denoted as second conductive yarns, and the conductive yarns in the third conductive yarn layer 30 are denoted as third conductive yarns 31. It can be understood that since the first conductive yarn layer 10 is woven from the first conductive yarns, although the resistance of the first conductive yarn layer 10 is not equal to the resistance per unit length of the first conductive yarns, the resistance per unit length of the third conductive yarns 31 is relatively large, and the resistance per unit length of the first conductive yarns and the second conductive yarns is relatively small. Then, the resistance of the third conductive yarn layer 30 is relatively large, and the resistances of the first conductive yarn layer 10 and the second conductive yarn layer 20 are relatively small. In addition, since the third conductive yarn layer 30 is to connect the first conductive yarn layer 10 and the second conductive yarn layer 20, the thickness of the third conductive yarn layer 30 is thicker, which further increases the resistance of the third conductive yarn layer 30.

[0081] The second conductive yarn layer 20 plays a role in supporting and connecting, ensuring that the first conductive yarn layer 10 and the third conductive yarn layer 30 are separated from each other, and the first conductive yarn layer 10 and the third conductive yarn layer 30 are connected in series. The second conductive yarns are made of conductive yarns with stiffness, which is beneficial to supporting the first conductive yarn layer 10 and the third conductive yarn layer 30. The second conductive yarns are made of conductive yarns with a smooth surface, especially long filament fibers with a smooth surface. Then, the second conductive yarns will not be wound around each other and are easy to recover after being stressed and deformed, forming an elastic structure.

[0082] In a preferred implementation manner of the embodiment of the present invention, as Figure 1 and Figure 4 shown, both the first conductive yarn layer 10 and the second conductive yarn layer 20 are woven by plain stitch.

[0083] Specifically, the first conductive yarn is knitted by plain stitch to form the first conductive yarn layer 10, and the first conductive yarn layer 10 can specifically form a plain weave structure. The second conductive yarn is knitted by plain stitch to form the second conductive yarn layer 20, and the second conductive yarn layer 20 can specifically form a plain weave structure.

[0084] In a preferred implementation manner of the embodiment of the present invention, as Figure 1 and Figure 3 shown, the first conductive yarn layer 10 includes:

[0085] A plurality of first conductive yarns arranged in sequence, each first conductive yarn forms a plurality of first coil structures 11, and the first coil structures 11 of the first conductive yarn in the next row are sleeved on the first coil structures 11 of the first conductive yarn in the previous row.

[0086] Specifically, the first coil structure 11 is in an Ω shape, the first conductive yarn is connected by a plurality of first coil structures 11, and the first coil structures 11 of the next row are sleeved on the first coil structures 11 of the previous row, thereby forming the first conductive yarn layer 10.

[0087] In a preferred implementation manner of the embodiment of the present invention, as Figure 1 , Figure 3 and Figure 8 shown, the second conductive yarn layer 20 includes:

[0088] A plurality of second conductive yarns arranged in sequence, each second conductive yarn forms a plurality of second coil structures 21, and the second coil structures 21 of the second conductive yarn in the next row are sleeved on the second coil structures 21 of the second conductive yarn in the previous row; the arrangement direction of the plurality of second conductive yarns is the same as the arrangement direction of the plurality of first conductive yarns. As Figure 3 shown, the first conductive yarn and the second conductive yarn are specifically conductive yarn A.

[0089] Specifically, the second coil structure 21 is in an Ω shape, the second conductive yarn is connected by a plurality of second coil structures 21, and the second coil structures 21 of the next row are sleeved on the second coil structures 21 of the previous row, thereby forming the second conductive yarn layer 20. For the convenience of knitting the third conductive yarn 31, the arrangement direction of the second conductive yarn is the same as the arrangement direction of the first conductive yarn.

[0090] In a preferred implementation manner of the embodiment of the present invention, as Figures 1 - 3 shown, the third conductive yarn layer 30 is knitted by intarsia stitch.

[0091] Specifically, the third conductive yarn 31 is knitted by intarsia stitch to form the third conductive yarn layer 30. As Figure 3As shown, the third conductive yarn 31 is conductive yarn B.

[0092] In a preferred implementation manner of the embodiment of the present invention, as Figures 1 - 3 shown, the third conductive yarn layer 30 includes:

[0093] A plurality of rows of third conductive yarns 31, each row of third conductive yarns 31 is connected to a corresponding first conductive yarn and a corresponding second conductive yarn, and there are four third conductive yarns 31 in each row of third conductive yarns 31;

[0094] The first third conductive yarn 31 is successively sleeved on the first coil structure 11 at the 4n + 1 position on the first conductive yarn and the second coil structure 21 at the 4n + 3 position on the second conductive yarn;

[0095] The second third conductive yarn 31 is successively sleeved on the first coil structure 11 at the 4n + 3 position on the first conductive yarn and the second coil structure 21 at the 4n + 1 position on the second conductive yarn;

[0096] The third third conductive yarn 31 is successively sleeved on the first coil structure 11 at the 4n + 2 position on the first conductive yarn and the second coil structure 21 at the 4n + 4 position on the second conductive yarn;

[0097] The fourth third conductive yarn 31 is successively sleeved on the first coil structure 11 at the 4n + 4 position on the first conductive yarn and the second coil structure 21 at the 4n + 2 position on the second conductive yarn; n is a natural number.

[0098] Specifically, the third conductive yarn 31 forms a plurality of third coil structures, the third coil structures are in a "Ji" shape, and the plurality of third coil structures are successively connected to form the third conductive yarn 31. As Figure 3 and Figure 9 shown, Figure 3 In the second row of [], the first third conductive yarn 31 is at the first coil structure 11 at the 1, 5, 9,..., 4n + 1 positions on the first conductive yarn and the second coil structure 21 at the 3, 7, 11,..., 4n + 3 positions on the second conductive yarn. Specifically, the first third conductive yarn 31 passes through the first coil structure 11 at the 1 position on the first conductive yarn, then passes through the second coil structure 21 at the 3 position on the second conductive yarn, then passes through the first coil structure 11 at the 5 position on the first conductive yarn, then passes through the second coil structure 21 at the 7 position on the second conductive yarn, until passing through the first coil structure 11 at the 4n + 1 position on the first conductive yarn, and finally passes through the second coil structure 21 at the 4n + 3 position on the second conductive yarn. The first third conductive yarn 31 is alternately inserted between the first conductive yarn and the second conductive yarn to connect the first conductive yarn and the second conductive yarn. Figure 3The third, fourth, fifth, twelfth, thirteenth, fourteenth, and fifteenth lines in

[0099] In a preferred implementation manner of the embodiment of the present invention, several of the first conductive yarns are connected end to end; several of the second conductive yarns are connected end to end.

[0100] Specifically, several first conductive yarns are connected end to end to form a whole conductive yarn. Several second conductive yarns are connected end to end to form a whole conductive yarn. That is to say, the first conductive yarn layer 10 can be woven and formed by a whole conductive yarn, and the second conductive yarn layer 20 can be woven and formed by a whole conductive yarn.

[0101] In a preferred implementation manner of the embodiment of the present invention, four of the third conductive yarns 31 in each row of the third conductive yarns 31 are connected in sequence.

[0102] Specifically, each row of the third conductive yarns 31 is also connected in sequence to form a whole conductive yarn. Specifically, as Figure 3 shown, the third conductive yarn 31 in the second row can be connected to the third conductive yarn 31 in the third row, the third conductive yarn 31 in the third row can be connected to the third conductive yarn 31 in the fourth row, and the third conductive yarn 31 in the fourth row can be connected to the third conductive yarn 31 in the fifth row. The third conductive yarns 31 in adjacent two rows can also be connected to each other, so that the third conductive yarn layer 30 is woven from a whole conductive yarn.

[0103] In a preferred implementation manner of the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIGS. 4-5, the edges of the first conductive yarn layer 10, the second conductive yarn layer 20, and the third conductive yarn layer 30 are connected to a non-conductive fabric.

[0104] Specifically, the sensor of the present application can be woven and connected to a non-conductive fabric, such as clothing, etc. When the non-conductive fabric is worn or carried, the wearing or carrying of the sensor is realized. Specifically, the non-conductive fabric and the sensor can be woven together. The end of the first conductive yarn layer 10 is led out from the back as the back wire; the end of the second conductive yarn layer 20 is led out from the front as the front wire.

[0105] In a preferred implementation manner of the embodiment of the present invention, the conductive yarns in the first conductive yarn layer 10 and the conductive yarns in the second conductive yarn layer 20 both adopt silver-plated conductive nylon filaments.

[0106] Specifically, both the first conductive yarn and the second conductive yarn are made of silver-plated conductive nylon filaments. The silver material is plated on the surface of the nylon filaments. When the silver-plated conductive nylon filaments are woven into the first conductive yarn layer 10 and the second conductive yarn layer 20, the first conductive yarns are in contact with each other and conduct electricity, and the second conductive yarns are in contact with each other and conduct electricity, so that both the first conductive yarn layer 10 and the second conductive yarn layer 20 form a sheet-like conductive structure. The cross-sectional area of this sheet-like conductive structure is large and the thickness is thin. When conducting electricity in the thickness direction (i.e., the direction in which the first conductive yarn layer 10 faces the second conductive yarn layer 20), the overall resistance is small. That is to say, the resistance of the first conductive yarn layer 10 and the resistance of the second conductive yarn layer 20 are greatly reduced.

[0107] In a preferred implementation manner of the embodiment of the present invention, the conductive yarns in the third conductive yarn layer 30 are made of a blend of stainless steel conductive fibers, silver fibers, and polyester yarns.

[0108] Specifically, the third conductive yarn 31 is made of a blend of stainless steel conductive fibers, silver fibers, and polyester yarns. The surface of the third conductive yarn 31 also has conductivity. After being woven, the third conductive yarn 31 contacts the first conductive yarn and the second conductive yarn to achieve conduction. The third conductive yarns 31 do not contact each other very much, and the third conductive yarn layer 30 forms a columnar conductive structure. The length of this columnar conductive structure is large and the cross-sectional area is small. When conducting electricity in the length direction (i.e., the direction in which the first conductive yarn layer 10 faces the second conductive yarn layer 20), the overall resistance is large. That is to say, the resistance of the third conductive yarn layer 30 is large.

[0109] Based on the fully knitted three-dimensional spacer piezoresistive sensor as described in the above example, the present invention also provides a preferred embodiment of a knitting method for a fully knitted three-dimensional spacer piezoresistive sensor:

[0110] As Figure 3 shown, the knitting method of the fully knitted three-dimensional spacer piezoresistive sensor according to the embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps:

[0111] Step S100: Use two first non-conductive yarns to make loop knitting one by one on the front and rear machine boards along the first direction.

[0112] Specifically, when knitting the sensor on a non-conductive fabric (i.e., a common fabric), first knit a part of the non-conductive fabric, such as Figure 3 shown in the first row, and knit a part of the non-conductive fabric on the left side of the sensor. Use two first non-conductive yarns along the first direction (such as Figure 3The rightward direction shown), one-by-one circular knitting is done on the front and rear machine plates, and the needle positions of the front and rear machine plates are staggered by one position. After the non-conductive fabric in this part is knitted, continue to do tuck stitch actions on the needle positions of the knitted sensor, that is, the first non-conductive yarn does a tuck stitch action at the first needle position of the third conductive yarn (such as Figure 3 the last needle position of the first row shown).

[0113] Step S200, knitting of the third conductive yarn layer:

[0114] Use the third conductive yarn to do plain stitch and purl stitch tuck knitting one-by-three on the front and rear machine plates along the first direction; use the third conductive yarn to do plain stitch and purl stitch tuck knitting one-by-three on the front and rear machine plates along the second direction; the second direction is the opposite direction of the first direction, and the needle positions of tuck knitting in the first direction are arranged opposite to the needle positions of tuck knitting in the second direction;

[0115] Use the third conductive yarn to do plain stitch and purl stitch tuck knitting one-by-three on the front and rear machine plates along the first direction; use the third conductive yarn to do plain stitch and purl stitch tuck knitting one-by-three on the front and rear machine plates along the second direction; the needle positions of tuck knitting of the third conductive yarn in the first direction are adjacent needle positions on the same machine plate as the needle positions of tuck knitting of the previous third conductive yarn in the first direction, and the needle positions of tuck knitting in the first direction are arranged opposite to the needle positions of tuck knitting in the second direction.

[0116] Specifically, as shown in Figure 3 the second to fifth rows shown, in the third row, the third conductive yarn does plain stitch and purl stitch tuck knitting one-by-three along the rightward direction, and the starting needle position of the third conductive yarn is at the needle position where the first non-conductive yarn does a tuck stitch action, which is beneficial to realizing the connection between the sensor and the non-conductive fabric. In the third row, the third conductive yarn does plain stitch and purl stitch tuck knitting one-by-three along the leftward direction, and the needle positions of tuck knitting in the rightward direction are arranged opposite to the needle positions of tuck knitting in the leftward direction. Here, the opposite arrangement means two corresponding needle positions on different machine plates. In the fourth row, the third conductive yarn does plain stitch and purl stitch tuck knitting one-by-three along the leftward direction, and the needle positions of tuck knitting in the leftward direction (i.e., the fourth row) are adjacent needle positions on the same machine plate as the needle positions of tuck knitting in the previous leftward direction (i.e., the second row). In the fifth row, the third conductive yarn does plain stitch and purl stitch tuck knitting one-by-three along the leftward direction, and the needle positions of tuck knitting in the rightward direction are arranged opposite to the needle positions of tuck knitting in the leftward direction, that is, the needle positions of the fifth row and the fourth row are two opposite needle positions on different machine plates.

[0117] Step S300, knitting of the first conductive yarn layer and the second conductive yarn layer in the first direction:

[0118] Two first conductive yarns are used to perform full-needle loop knitting along the first direction on the front machine board; two second conductive yarns are used to perform full-needle loop knitting along the first direction on the rear machine board.

[0119] Specifically, first, one first conductive yarn is used to perform full-needle loop knitting along the rightward direction on the front machine board, and then another first conductive yarn is used to perform full-needle loop knitting along the rightward direction on the front machine board. Then, one second conductive yarn is used to perform full-needle loop knitting along the rightward direction on the rear machine board, and then another second conductive yarn is used to perform full-needle loop knitting along the rightward direction on the rear machine board.

[0120] Step S400: On the side of the sensor facing away from the first non-conductive yarn, two second non-conductive yarns are used to perform one-over-one loop knitting along the second direction on the front and rear machine boards; two third non-conductive yarns are used to perform one-over-one loop knitting along the first direction on the front and rear machine boards; the needle positions of the loop knitting of the second non-conductive yarns are arranged opposite to the needle positions of the loop knitting of the third non-conductive yarns; on the side of the sensor where the first non-conductive yarn is located, two fourth non-conductive yarns are used to perform one-over-one loop knitting along the second direction on the front and rear machine boards; the needle positions of the loop knitting of the fourth non-conductive yarns are arranged opposite to the needle positions of the loop knitting of the first non-conductive yarns.

[0121] Specifically, on the right side of the sensor, non-conductive fabric is knitted. Two second non-conductive yarns are used to perform one-over-one loop knitting along the leftward direction on the front and rear machine boards, specifically as shown in the eighth row. Then, two third non-conductive yarns are used to perform one-over-one loop knitting along the rightward direction on the front and rear machine boards. Before the third non-conductive yarns are knitted, a gathering action is performed at the last needle position of the third conductive yarn, that is, a gathering action is performed at the last needle position of the fourth row (which is also the first needle position of the ninth row), specifically as shown in the ninth row. Two fourth non-conductive yarns are used to perform one-over-one loop knitting along the leftward direction on the front and rear machine boards, specifically as shown in the tenth row. Figure 3 It can be understood that the first non-conductive yarn in the first row and the fourth non-conductive yarn in the tenth row can be connected to form a whole non-conductive yarn. The second non-conductive yarn in the eighth row and the third non-conductive yarn in the ninth row can be connected to form a whole non-conductive yarn. The third conductive yarns in the second to fifth rows can be connected to form a whole conductive yarn. Figure 3 Figure 3

[0122]

[0123] It can be understood that the first non-conductive yarn in the first row and the fourth non-conductive yarn in the tenth row can be connected to form a whole non-conductive yarn. The second non-conductive yarn in the eighth row and the third non-conductive yarn in the ninth row can be connected to form a whole non-conductive yarn. The third conductive yarns in the second to fifth rows can be connected to form a whole conductive yarn.

[0123] Step S500: Two first non-conductive yarns are used to perform one-over-one loop knitting along the first direction on the front and rear machine boards.

[0124] Specifically, two first non-conductive yarns are used to make loop knitting on the front and rear machine plates in a one-by-one pattern in the leftward direction, as specifically shown in the eleventh row. Similar to step S100, continue knitting part of the non-conductive fabric.

[0125] Step S600: Continue the step of knitting the third conductive yarn layer.

[0126] Specifically, for knitting the third conductive yarn layer: Use the third conductive yarn to do right and left needle gathering knitting at an interval of three on the front and rear machine plates along the first direction; Use the third conductive yarn to do right and left needle gathering knitting at an interval of three on the front and rear machine plates along the second direction; The second direction is the opposite direction of the first direction, and the needle positions for gathering knitting in the first direction are arranged opposite to the needle positions for gathering knitting in the second direction; Use the third conductive yarn to do right and left needle gathering knitting at an interval of three on the front and rear machine plates along the first direction; Use the third conductive yarn to do right and left needle gathering knitting at an interval of three on the front and rear machine plates along the second direction; The needle positions for gathering knitting of the third conductive yarn in the first direction are adjacent needle positions on the same machine plate as the needle positions for gathering knitting of the previous third conductive yarn in the first direction, and the needle positions for gathering knitting in the first direction are arranged opposite to the needle positions for gathering knitting in the second direction. Similar to step S200, continue knitting the third conductive yarn layer, specifically as Figure 3 shown in the twelfth to fifteenth rows.

[0127] Step S700: Knitting of the first and second conductive yarn layers in the second direction:

[0128] Use two first conductive yarns to do full needle loop knitting on the front machine plate along the second direction; Use two second conductive yarns to do full needle loop knitting on the rear machine plate along the second direction.

[0129] Specifically, use two first conductive yarns to do full needle loop knitting on the front machine plate along the leftward direction. Use two second conductive yarns to do full needle loop knitting on the rear machine plate along the leftward direction. The two first conductive yarns in the sixth row and the two first conductive yarns in the sixteenth row can be respectively connected, and the two second conductive yarns in the seventh row and the two second conductive yarns in the seventeenth row can be respectively connected. The difference from step S300 is the direction.

[0130] Step S800: On the side of the sensor facing away from the first non-conductive yarn, use two second non-conductive yarns to make loop knitting one by one along the second direction on the front and rear machine plates; use two third non-conductive yarns to make loop knitting one by one along the first direction on the front and rear machine plates; the needle positions for the loop knitting of the second non-conductive yarns are arranged oppositely to the needle positions for the loop knitting of the third non-conductive yarns; on the side of the sensor where the first non-conductive yarn is located, use two fourth non-conductive yarns to make loop knitting one by one along the second direction on the front and rear machine plates; the needle positions for the loop knitting of the fourth non-conductive yarns are arranged oppositely to the needle positions for the loop knitting of the first non-conductive yarns.

[0131] Specifically, in the right-side knitting part of the sensor for non-conductive fabric, use two second non-conductive yarns to make loop knitting one by one along the leftward direction on the front machine plate and the rear machine plate, as specifically shown in Figure 3 the 18th row as shown. Then, use two third non-conductive yarns to make loop knitting one by one along the rightward direction on the front machine plate and the rear machine plate. Before the loop knitting of the third non-conductive yarns, make a gathering action at the last needle position of the third conductive yarn, that is, make a gathering action at the last needle position of the 14th row (which is also the first needle position of the 19th row), as specifically shown in Figure 3 the 19th row as shown. Use two fourth non-conductive yarns to make loop knitting one by one along the leftward direction on the front machine plate and the rear machine plate, as specifically shown in Figure 3 the 20th row as shown. Step S800 is the same as step S400, then a cycle of knitting is completed.

[0132] Step S900: After completing a cycle of knitting, continue with the steps of knitting the third conductive yarn layer to perform the next cycle of knitting until a full-knit three-dimensional spacer piezoresistive sensor is obtained.

[0133] Specifically, after completing a cycle of knitting, perform the next cycle of knitting. After knitting to a suitable size, a sensor is obtained.

[0134] As Figure 6 shown, successively incorporate parts such as the elbow joint, shoulder joint, and collar of the clothes into the sensor of the present invention, and dress well. Then perform elbow flexion and extension movements, shoulder flexion and extension movements, arm opening and closing movements, and neck flexion and extension movements respectively. When a sensor is incorporated at the elbow joint, the stress electrical signal output during elbow flexion and extension movements changes more significantly than the stress electrical signal output during other movements. When a sensor is incorporated at the shoulder joint, the stress electrical signal output during shoulder flexion and extension movements and arm opening and closing movements changes more significantly than the stress electrical signal output during other movements. When a sensor is incorporated at the collar, the stress electrical signal output during neck flexion and extension movements changes more significantly than the stress electrical signal output during other movements.

[0135] AsFigure 7 As shown, sensors of different sizes were prepared. For each sensor within a certain stress range, the change rate of resistance (∆R / R0) has a linear relationship with pressure, showing a good linear relationship, indicating that the sensor has good sensitivity.

[0136] As Figure 10 shown, sensors of different sizes were prepared. Once the sensor is stretched, the change rate of resistance (∆R / R0) changes significantly. After continuous stretching, as the elongation rate increases, the change of the change rate of resistance (∆R / R0) gradually slows down.

[0137] It should be understood that the application of the present invention is not limited to the above examples. For those of ordinary skill in the art, improvements or transformations can be made according to the above description, and all such improvements and transformations should fall within the protection scope of the appended claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A knitting method for a fabric with a fully knitted three-dimensional spacer piezoresistive sensor, characterized in that, The full-knitted three-dimensional spacer piezoresistive sensor includes: A first conductive yarn layer and a second conductive yarn layer arranged at intervals; A third conductive yarn layer woven between the first conductive yarn layer and the second conductive yarn layer; Wherein, the first conductive yarn layer and the second conductive yarn layer are both in contact with the third conductive yarn layer and electrically conduct; The resistance of the first conductive yarn layer and the resistance of the second conductive yarn layer are both less than the resistance of the third conductive yarn layer; The knitting method includes the steps: Step 1: Use two first non-conductive yarns to make loop knitting at intervals on the front and rear machine plates along the first direction; Step 2: Knitting of the third conductive yarn layer: Use the third conductive yarn to make gathering knitting of front stitches and back stitches at intervals of one stitch every three stitches on the front and rear machine plates along the first direction; use the third conductive yarn to make gathering knitting of front stitches and back stitches at intervals of one stitch every three stitches on the front and rear machine plates along the second direction; the second direction is opposite to the first direction, and the stitch positions of the gathering knitting in the first direction are arranged opposite to the stitch positions of the gathering knitting in the second direction; Again use the third conductive yarn to make gathering knitting of front stitches and back stitches at intervals of one stitch every three stitches on the front and rear machine plates along the first direction; use the third conductive yarn to make gathering knitting of front stitches and back stitches at intervals of one stitch every three stitches on the front and rear machine plates along the second direction, and the stitch positions of the gathering knitting in the first direction are arranged opposite to the stitch positions of the gathering knitting in the second direction; the stitch positions of the gathering knitting of the third conductive yarn in the first direction and the stitch positions of the gathering knitting of the previous third conductive yarn in the first direction are adjacent stitch positions on the same machine plate; Step 3: Knitting of the first conductive yarn layer and the second conductive yarn layer in the first direction: Use two first conductive yarns to make full-stitch loop knitting on the front machine plate; use two second conductive yarns to make full-stitch loop knitting on the rear machine plate; Step 4: On the side of the sensor facing away from the first non-conductive yarn, use two second non-conductive yarns to make loop knitting at intervals of one stitch every three stitches on the front and rear machine plates along the second direction; use two third non-conductive yarns to make loop knitting at intervals of one stitch every three stitches on the front and rear machine plates along the first direction; the stitch positions of the loop knitting of the second non-conductive yarn are arranged opposite to the stitch positions of the loop knitting of the third non-conductive yarn; on the side of the sensor where the first non-conductive yarn is located, use two fourth non-conductive yarns to make loop knitting at intervals of one stitch every three stitches on the front and rear machine plates along the second direction; the stitch positions of the loop knitting of the fourth non-conductive yarn are arranged opposite to the stitch positions of the loop knitting of the first non-conductive yarn; Step 5: Use two first non-conductive yarns to make loop knitting at intervals of one stitch every three stitches on the front and rear machine plates along the first direction; Step 6: Continue with the steps of knitting the third conductive yarn layer, which is the same as Step 2; Step 7: Knitting of the first conductive yarn layer and the second conductive yarn layer in the second direction: Use two first conductive yarns to make full-stitch loop knitting on the front machine plate; use two second conductive yarns to make full-stitch loop knitting on the rear machine plate; Step 8: The same as Step 4 to complete one cycle of knitting.

2. The knitting method of the fabric with a fully knitted three-dimensional spacer piezoresistive sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first non-conductive yarn makes a gathering action at the first stitch position of the third conductive yarn; The third non-conductive yarn makes a gathering action at the last stitch position of the third conductive yarn.

3. The knitting method of the fabric with a fully knitted three-dimensional spacer piezoresistive sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The unit length resistance of the conductive yarns in the third conductive yarn layer is 4 - 6 Ω / cm; The unit length resistance of the conductive yarns in the first conductive yarn layer is 0.4 - 0.6 Ω / cm; The unit length resistance of the conductive yarns in the second conductive yarn layer is 0.4 - 0.6 Ω / cm.

4. The knitting method of the fabric with a fully knitted three-dimensional spacer piezoresistive sensor according to claim 3, characterized in that, The conductive yarns in the first conductive yarn layer and the conductive yarns in the second conductive yarn layer are both made of silver-plated conductive nylon filaments; The conductive yarns in the third conductive yarn layer are made of a blend of stainless steel conductive fibers, silver fibers, and polyester yarns.

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