Single cutter head full face excavation pipe jacking device

Abstract

The application discloses a single cutter head full-face excavation pipe jacking device, which comprises a workbench, a pushing and sliding cylinder, a sliding table, a rotary motor, a rotary shaft, a support baffle, a guide pipe jacking head, a telescopic cutting knife and a spiral excavator, the workbench is provided with the pushing and sliding cylinder, the telescopic shaft end of the pushing and sliding cylinder is fixedly provided with the sliding table, the sliding table is fixedly provided with the rotary motor, the rotary shaft end of the rotary motor is annularly provided with at least two telescopic cutting knives, the rotary shaft penetrates through the support baffle, the support baffle is fixedly sleeved with the guide pipe jacking head, the telescopic cutting knife is telescopically slid along the inner diameter of the guide pipe jacking head, the lower side of the support baffle is provided with a soil discharge hole, and the spiral excavator is fixedly arranged on the side of the soil discharge hole. The telescopic cutting knife can be freely lengthened and shortened under the constraint of the inner side track of the machine head, and various pipe jacking sections can be fully excavated under the single cutter head condition by replacing different guide pipe jacking heads; the device is simple to operate and has strong adaptability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of underground engineering technology, and in particular to the technical field of a single-disc full-section excavation pipe jacking device. Background Technology

[0002] Pipe jacking is a mechanized excavation method used when tunnels or underground pipelines cross obstacles such as railways, roads, rivers, or buildings. The single jacking distance is generally less than 200 meters. In the early stages of pipe jacking development, the cross-section was often highly circular, as the cutterhead of a circular cross-section pipe jacking machine could easily achieve full-face excavation. With the development of pipe jacking technology, rectangular cross-section structures have become more advantageous for utilizing underground space, leading to the gradual development of rectangular pipe jacking machines, where both the jacking machinery and pipe sections adopt a rectangular structure.

[0003] Rectangular or rectangular cross-section shapes prevent the cutterhead from excavating the entire cross-section, creating blind spots at the four corners and significantly increasing jacking resistance. Publication number CN207609424 U discloses a rectangular pipe jacking machine, such as... Figure 15 As shown, five cutterheads are set up, including one main cutterhead and four small cutterheads, to improve the cutterhead excavation rate of rectangular cross-section soil.

[0004] Regarding the research on rectangular pipe jacking model testing machines, publication number CN113310714A discloses a 5-cutterhead rectangular pipe jacking model machine, such as... Figure 16 As shown, the main cutter head gear drives the small cutter head gear to rotate, thereby achieving a high excavation rate for the rectangular pipe jacking model machine.

[0005] In model tests, the size effect of scaled-down model tests exacerbates the impact of excavation blind zones, resulting in experimental patterns that differ significantly from real-world conditions. Furthermore, pipe jacking model machines are generally small in size, and their multi-cutterhead design complicates their structure, making them difficult to manufacture and prone to mechanical failures during operation. Test setups typically limit the shape and size of the jacking pipe; when multiple types of pipe jacking tests need to be repeated, the test equipment, cutterheads, and model boxes must be remanufactured, leading to significant resource waste. Additionally, laboratory space is usually limited, and multiple test setups hinder the efficient use of laboratory space. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to solve the problems in the prior art by proposing a single-cutterhead full-section excavation pipe jacking device. This solves the problem that traditional rectangular or rectangular cross-section forms prevent the cutterhead from excavating the entire cross-section, leaving blind spots at the four corners and greatly increasing the jacking resistance.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, this invention proposes a single-disc full-section excavation pipe jacking device, comprising a worktable, a jacking and sliding cylinder, a sliding platform, a rotary motor, a rotating shaft, a support baffle, a guide pipe jacking head, a telescopic cutting blade, and a spiral excavator. The worktable is equipped with a jacking and sliding cylinder for driving the telescopic cutting blade forward along the excavation direction. A sliding platform is fixedly mounted at the end of the telescopic shaft of the jacking and sliding cylinder. A rotary motor is fixedly mounted on the sliding platform. At least two telescopic cutting blades are arranged in a ring shape at the end of the rotating shaft of the rotary motor for cutting soil and extending and retracting along the inner diameter of the guide pipe jacking head. The rotating shaft passes through the support baffle, and the guide pipe jacking head is fixedly sleeved on the support baffle. The telescopic cutting blades extend and retract along the inner diameter of the guide pipe jacking head. A soil discharge hole is provided on the lower side of the support baffle, and a spiral excavator is fixedly mounted on the side of the soil discharge hole for discharging the soil cut by the telescopic cutting blade.

[0008] Preferably, the inner diameter of the cross-section of the guide tube head is elliptical.

[0009] Preferably, the side of the support baffle is provided with a water inlet hole, and a water pipe for spraying water onto the soil to be cut is connected to the water inlet hole.

[0010] Preferably, the rotating shaft end of the rotary motor is provided with four telescopic cutting blades in a ring shape, and the four telescopic cutting blades are arranged in a cross shape.

[0011] Preferably, the telescopic cutting blade includes a sliding sleeve, a sliding rod, a guide sliding mechanism, a blade body, and a return spring. One end of the sliding sleeve is fixed on the rotating shaft, and the other end is inserted with the sliding rod. A return spring is provided inside the sliding sleeve to push the sliding rod upward. Blades for cutting soil are respectively provided on the sides of the sliding sleeve and the sliding rod. A guide sliding mechanism is provided on the sliding rod, and the guide sliding mechanism slides and fits against the inner wall of the guide top pipe head.

[0012] Preferably, the guide sliding mechanism is a roller, which rolls against the inner wall of the guide top tube head.

[0013] Preferably, a soil box for experimental excavation is provided on the workbench along the sliding direction of the telescopic cutting blade. The soil box includes a box body, filling soil, and a guide limiting and fixing plate. The box body is filled with filling soil, and excavation holes are provided on the front and rear sides of the box body. The guide limiting and fixing plate is fixed to the side of the excavation hole by screws. The guide limiting and fixing plate is provided with guide limiting holes for the guide jacking head to fit through.

[0014] Preferably, the system also includes a jacking pipe section, the cross-section of which is the same as the cross-section of the guide jacking head, and the jacking pipe section is sleeved on the rotating shaft and connected to the jacking pipe section.

[0015] Preferably, the sliding stage includes a propulsion guide rail, a base plate, a sliding block, and a vertical plate. The base plate is mounted on the propulsion guide rail via the sliding block, and a vertical plate is provided on the side of the base plate.

[0016] Preferably, the spiral soil discharger includes a soil discharge sleeve, a soil discharge screw, and a soil discharge motor. One end of the soil discharge screw is fixed on the rotating shaft of the soil discharge motor, and the other end of the soil discharge screw is inserted into the soil discharge sleeve, which is fixed on the soil discharge hole.

[0017] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0018] 1. The telescopic cutting blade can be freely extended and shortened under the constraint of the inner track of the machine head. By changing different guide pipe heads, full-section excavation of various pipe jacking sections under single-blade conditions can be achieved.

[0019] 2. The multi-functional model box and pipe jacking machine do not require replacement of the cutter head or model box. Only the guide pipe jacking head and pipe section need to be replaced. Different cross-sections can be used to jack tunnels with different cross-sections. The operation is simple and highly adaptable. Attached Figure Description

[0020] The above and other features, properties and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments, in which the same reference numerals always denote the same features, wherein:

[0021] Figure 1 This is a front view schematic diagram of a single-disc full-section excavation pipe jacking device according to the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the workbench;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the sliding stage;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing that the cross-section of the guide jacking head is circular;

[0025] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the rectangular cross-section of the guide jacking head;

[0026] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the guide jacking head and the telescopic cutting blade;

[0027] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the guide jacking head and the telescopic cutting blade;

[0028] Figure 8 This is a front view schematic diagram of a telescopic cutting blade;

[0029] Figure 9This is a right-side view of the telescopic cutting blade;

[0030] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of a spiral soil extractor;

[0031] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the soil container;

[0032] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram showing that the inner hole of the guide limit fixing plate is rectangular.

[0033] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram showing that the inner hole of the guide limit fixing plate is circular.

[0034] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram showing that the inner hole of the guide limit fixing plate is elliptical.

[0035] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of prior art 1;

[0036] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of prior art 2.

[0037] In the diagram: 1-Workbench, 1001-Outrigger, 1002-Plate base, 2-Pushing and sliding cylinder, 3-Sliding table, 31-Propulsion guide rail, 32-Base plate, 33-Sliding block, 34-Upright plate, 4-Rotary motor, 5-Rotating shaft, 6-Support baffle, 7-Guide jacking head, 8-Telescopic cutting blade, 81-Sliding sleeve, 82-Sliding rod, 83-Guide sliding mechanism, 84-Cut body, 85-Reset spring, 9-Spiral soil remover, 91-Soil discharge screw sleeve, 92-Soil discharge screw, 93-Soil discharge motor, 10-Soil box, 1011-Excavation hole, 101-Box body, 102-Filling soil, 103-Guide limiting fixing plate, 11-Jack pipe section. Detailed Implementation

[0038] See Figure 1As shown, this invention discloses a single-disc full-section excavation pipe jacking device, comprising a workbench 1, a jacking and sliding cylinder 2, a sliding platform 3, a rotary motor 4, a rotating shaft 5, a support baffle 6, a guide pipe jacking head 7, a telescopic cutting blade 8, and a spiral excavator 9. The workbench 1 is equipped with a jacking and sliding cylinder 2 for driving the telescopic cutting blade 8 forward along the excavation direction. The type of jacking and sliding cylinder 2 can be a jacking and sliding electric cylinder or a jacking and sliding hydraulic cylinder, selected according to specific needs, as long as it can push the telescopic cutting blade 8 to slide and excavate soil in a set direction. A sliding platform 3 is fixedly mounted at the end of the telescopic shaft of the jacking and sliding cylinder 2. A rotary motor 4 is fixedly mounted on the sliding platform 3. At least two telescopic cutting blades 8 are arranged in a ring shape at the end of the rotating shaft 5 of the rotary motor 4 for cutting soil and extending and retracting along the inner diameter of the guide pipe jacking head 7. The rotating shaft 5 passes through the support baffle 6, and the rotating shaft 5 can move relative to the support baffle. The plate 6 rotates, but cannot slide relative to it. That is, when the rotating shaft 5 moves along the excavation direction, it can also drive the support baffle 6 to move along the excavation direction. A guide jacking head 7 is fixedly sleeved on the support baffle 6. Wheels or tracks can be set under the guide jacking head 7 so that the guide jacking head 7 can move in the excavated tunnel in a set direction. The telescopic cutting blade 8 slides and extends along the inner diameter of the guide jacking head 7. Under the limiting action of the inner diameter of the guide jacking head 7, the telescopic cutting blade 8 is extended or compressed. Finally, the cross-sectional shape of the tunnel excavated by the telescopic cutting blade 8 is similar to the cross-sectional shape of the guide jacking head 7. A soil discharge hole is set on the lower side of the support baffle 6. A spiral soil discharger 9 is fixed on the side of the soil discharge hole for discharging the soil cut by the telescopic cutting blade 8. During the excavation process, the telescopic cutting blade 8 will cut off a large amount of soil. The soil is removed by the spiral soil discharger 9 to maintain the passage of the tunnel.

[0039] like Figures 4-7 As shown, the inner diameter of the cross-section of the guide jacking head 7 is elliptical. The specific inner diameter of the cross-section of the guide jacking head 7 can be selected and matched according to needs; it can also be a square with rounded corners or a circle. Under the guiding action of the inner diameter of the guide jacking head 7, the telescopic cutting blade 8 extends and retracts, cutting out a tunnel with the same shape as the inner diameter of the guide jacking head 7. Figure 7 As shown, the support baffle 6 has a water inlet hole on its side, and a water pipe is connected to the water inlet hole for spraying water onto the soil to be cut. Spraying a certain amount of water through the water inlet hole can cool the telescopic cutting blade 8. Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the rotating shaft 5 of the rotary motor 4 is provided with four telescopic cutting blades 8 in a ring shape at its end, and the four telescopic cutting blades 8 are arranged in a cross shape.

[0040] In this embodiment, as Figures 6-9As shown, the telescopic cutting blade 8 includes a sliding sleeve 81, a sliding rod 82, a guide sliding mechanism 83, a blade body 84, and a return spring 85. One end of the sliding sleeve 81 is fixed to the rotating shaft 5, and the other end is inserted into the sliding rod 82. A return spring 85 is provided inside the sliding sleeve 81 to push the sliding rod 82 upward. Blade bodies 84 for cutting soil are respectively provided on the sides of the sliding sleeve 81 and the sliding rod 82. A guide sliding mechanism is provided on the sliding rod 82. Structure 83, the guide sliding mechanism 83 slides and fits against the inner wall of the guide jacking head 7. As the rotating shaft 5 drives the telescopic cutting blade 8 to rotate, the blade body 84 on the telescopic cutting blade 8 cuts the soil. The guide sliding mechanism 83 slides or rolls along the inner wall of the guide jacking head 7. At the same time, the guide sliding mechanism 83 drives the sliding rod 82 to extend and retract in the sliding sleeve 81. The elastic force of the return spring 85 keeps the guide sliding mechanism 83 always in contact with the inner wall of the guide jacking head 7. Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, the guide sliding mechanism 83 is a roller. The roller rolls against the inner wall of the guide jacking head 7. As the rotating shaft 5 drives the telescopic cutting blade 8 to rotate, the blade body 84 on the telescopic cutting blade 8 cuts the soil. The roller rolls along the inner wall of the guide jacking head 7, and at the same time, the roller drives the sliding rod 82 to extend and retract in the sliding sleeve 81. Figure 1 and Figures 11-14 As shown, a soil box 10 for experimental excavation of soil is provided on the workbench 1 along the sliding direction of the telescopic cutting blade 8. The soil box 10 includes a box body 101, filling soil 102, and a guide limiting and fixing plate 103. The box body 101 is filled with filling soil 102. Excavation holes 1011 are respectively provided on the front and rear sides of the box body 101. The guide limiting and fixing plate 103 is fixed to the side of the excavation hole 1011 by screws. The guide limiting and fixing plate 103 is provided with a guide limiting hole for the guide jacking head 7 to fit through. By making the guide limiting hole similar to the outer contour of the cross-section of the guide jacking head 7, the guide jacking head 7 can pass through the guide limiting hole, and the filling soil 102 in the box body 101 is prevented from overflowing from the gap between the guide limiting hole and the guide jacking head 7.

[0041] In this embodiment, as Figure 1 As shown, it also includes a jacking pipe section 11, the cross-section of which is the same as the cross-section of the guide jacking head 7. The jacking pipe section 11 is sleeved on the rotating shaft 5 and connected to the jacking pipe section 5. The jacking pipe section 11 can support the excavated tunnel and prevent collapse.

[0042] like Figure 3As shown, the sliding stage 3 includes a propulsion guide rail 31, a base plate 32, a sliding block 33, and a vertical plate 34. The base plate 32 is mounted on the propulsion guide rail 31 via the sliding block 33. A vertical plate 34 is located on the side of the base plate 32 and is connected to the telescopic shaft of the push-sliding cylinder 2. The push-sliding cylinder 2 drives the vertical plate 34 to move, ultimately causing the base plate 32 and the sliding block 33 to slide on the propulsion guide rail 31. Figure 10 As shown, the spiral soil remover 9 includes a soil discharge sleeve 91, a soil discharge screw 92, and a soil discharge motor 93. One end of the soil discharge screw 92 is fixed on the rotating shaft 5 of the soil discharge motor 93, and the other end of the soil discharge screw 92 is inserted into the soil discharge sleeve 91. The soil discharge sleeve 91 is fixed on the soil discharge hole. The soil discharge motor 93 drives the soil discharge screw 92 to rotate, and the soil that enters the soil discharge sleeve 91 from one end is discharged from the other end through the soil discharge screw 92, thereby achieving the purpose of removing the soil generated during excavation.

[0043] In this embodiment, as Figure 2 As shown, the workbench 1 includes a support leg 1001 and a plate base 1002. The support leg 1001 is fixedly provided on the lower part of the plate base 1002, and the support leg 1001 supports the plate base 1002 to keep the plate base 1002 horizontal.

[0044] Working process of this invention:

[0045] In the operation of this invention, a single-disc full-section excavation pipe jacking device is used. The pre-fabricated guide pipe head 7 and pipe section 11 are installed in place. The sliding platform 3 moves along the excavation direction via the jacking and sliding cylinder 2. The telescopic cutting blade 8 rotates via the rotary motor 4. The blade 84 on the telescopic cutting blade 8 cuts the soil. Under the limiting effect of the inner diameter of the guide pipe head 7, the telescopic cutting blade 8 extends or is compressed. The final tunnel cross-sectional shape excavated by the telescopic cutting blade 8 is similar to the cross-sectional shape of the guide pipe head 7. The cut soil is discharged from the tunnel through the spiral soil discharger 9. During the excavation process, water can be sprayed through the water inlet holes on the side of the support baffle 6 to cool the telescopic cutting blade 8 and make it easier for the soil to be discharged.

[0046] This invention discloses a single-cutterhead full-section excavation pipe jacking device. Through the combined application of a cross-shaped telescopic cutting blade 8 and a customized guide pipe jacking head 7, it enables full-section excavation of various pipe jacking cross-section shapes using a single cutterhead. This helps to address the impact of blind spots in rectangular and near-rectangular pipe jacking excavation on model test results, and the device has a simple structure. This multi-functional pipe jacking model mechanical device, using the same cutterhead, can simulate various types of pipe jacking, such as earth pressure balance and slurry balance. It can also excavate tunnels of various cross-section shapes by simply changing the guide pipe jacking head 7, the pipe section 11, and the guide limiting and fixing plate 103. This multi-functional device reduces the need for duplicate purchases of similar equipment, saves research funds, and requires less space, thus alleviating the problem of limited laboratory space in universities, research institutes, and other research institutions.

[0047] The above embodiments are illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any simple modifications to the present invention are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A single cutterhead full face tunneling pipe jacking apparatus, characterized by: The utility model provides a kind of earth boring machine, including workbench (1), push sliding cylinder (2), sliding platform (3), rotary motor (4), rotating shaft (5), support baffle (6), guide top pipe head (7), telescopic cutting knife (8) and spiral earth removal device (9), the workbench (1) is provided with the telescopic cutting knife (8) for driving push sliding cylinder (2) to advance along the direction of excavation, the telescopic shaft end of the push sliding cylinder (2) is fixedly provided with sliding platform (3), the sliding platform (3) is fixedly provided with rotary motor (4), the rotating shaft (5) end of the rotary motor (4) is annularly provided with 4 telescopic cutting knives (8) for cutting soil and along the inner diameter of guide top pipe head (7) telescopic, the rotating shaft (5) passes through support baffle (6), the support baffle (6) is fixedly sleeved with guide top pipe head (7), the telescopic cutting knife (8) is telescopic and slides along the inner diameter of guide top pipe head (7), the support baffle (6) lower side is provided with soil removal hole, the soil removal hole side is fixedly provided with spiral earth removal device (9) for discharging the soil under the cutting of telescopic cutting knife (8);The 4 telescopic cutting knives (8) are cross arrangement;The telescopic cutting knife (8) includes sliding sleeve (81), sliding rod (82), guide sliding mechanism (83), cutter body (84) and reset spring (85), one end of the sliding sleeve (81) is fixedly provided on the rotating shaft (5), the other end is inserted and provided with sliding rod (82), the sliding sleeve (81) is provided with reset spring (85) for sliding rod (82) to the top, the sliding sleeve (81) and sliding rod (82) side are respectively provided with cutter body (84) for cutting soil, the sliding rod (82) is provided with guide sliding mechanism (83), the guide sliding mechanism (83) slides and is attached on the inner wall of guide top pipe head (7);The type of the guide sliding mechanism (83) is a roller, and the roller is rolled and attached on the inner wall of the guide top pipe head (7).

2. A single cutterhead TBM pipe jacking device as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that: The inner diameter of the cross section of the guide top pipe head (7) is oval.

3. A single cutterhead TBM pipe jacking device as claimed in claim 1, wherein: The support baffle (6) side is provided with water inlet hole, and the water inlet hole is connected with water pipe for spraying water on the soil to be cut.

4. A single cutterhead TBM pipe jacking device as claimed in claim 1, wherein: The workbench (1) is provided with soil box (10) for experimental excavation of soil in the sliding direction of the telescopic cutting knife (8), the soil box (10) includes box body (101), filling soil (102) and guide limiting fixed plate (103), the box body (101) is filled with filling soil (102), the box body (101) is provided with excavation hole (1011) on the front and back sides, the guide limiting fixed plate (103) is fixed on the side of the excavation hole (1011) through screws, and the guide limiting hole is provided on the guide limiting fixed plate (103) for the guide top pipe head (7) to be fitted.

5. A single cutterhead TBM pipe jacking device as claimed in claim 1, wherein: It also includes a top pipe section (11), the cross section of the top pipe section (11) is the same as the cross section of the guide top pipe head (7), and the top pipe section (11) is sleeved on the rotating shaft (5) and connected with the top pipe section (11).

6. A single cutterhead TBM pipe jacking device as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that: The sliding table (3) comprises a pushing guide rail (31), a base plate (32), a sliding block (33) and a vertical plate (34), the base plate (32) is arranged on the pushing guide rail (31) through the sliding block (33), and the base plate (32) is provided with the vertical plate (34) on the side.

7. A single cutterhead TBM pipe jacking device as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that: The spiral unearthing device (9) comprises a soil discharging screw sleeve (91), a soil discharging screw rod (92) and a soil discharging motor (93), one end of the soil discharging screw rod (92) is fixed on a rotating shaft (5) of the soil discharging motor (93), the other end of the soil discharging screw rod (92) is inserted into the soil discharging screw sleeve (91), and the soil discharging screw sleeve (91) is fixed on the soil discharging hole.

Images