A circumferential staged fuel supply fuel rail structure

Abstract

The application discloses a circumferential staged fuel supply fuel manifold structure, which belongs to the field of aeroengines, and is characterized in that an opening valve is arranged on the manifold, so that a part of nozzles supply fuel before the valve is opened, and the other nozzles do not supply fuel before the valve is opened, and the circumferential staged fuel supply can be realized according to requirements; by adjusting the opening pressure of the valve, the circumferential staged fuel supply requirement in different states can be realized by adjusting the opening pressure of the valve and the position of the valve on the manifold according to requirements, the nozzles for the circumferential staged fuel supply can be designed differently according to the actual use requirement of the engine, and the contradiction between insufficient pressure of small fuel flow nozzles and poor uniformity of large fuel flow manifolds is solved; the structure has few parts, simple structure and low machining cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of aircraft engines, and in particular relates to a fuel manifold structure with circumferential graded oil supply. Background Art

[0002] A gas turbine is an internal combustion engine that uses a continuously flowing gas as a working fluid to drive a high-speed rotation of an impeller, converting the fuel's energy into useful work. The main combustion chamber, one of its three main components, converts the chemical energy in the fuel into thermal energy, heating the high-pressure air after the compressor to a temperature acceptable before the turbine, allowing it to expand and perform work in the exhaust system. Main combustion chambers are generally classified as single-tube, annular, and annular.

[0003] The fuel manifold is a crucial component of the main combustion chamber, providing fully atomized fuel to the combustion chamber's flame tubes, ensuring reliable ignition and stable combustion chamber operation. Practice has shown that the fuel manifold nozzle flow rate and atomization quality during startup are the primary factors influencing the ignition boundary; while the uniformity of the fuel manifold flow distribution during long-term operation is the primary factor affecting the combustion chamber outlet temperature distribution. Therefore, during the design process, it is crucial to ensure the fuel supply and atomization quality of the fuel manifold nozzle during engine startup (low engine speed) and the uniformity of the fuel manifold flow distribution during long-term engine operation (high engine speed).

[0004] The oil supply method in the prior art adopts a circumferentially uniform oil pipe method to supply oil to the main combustion chamber. The disadvantage is that during the high-altitude restart stage of the engine, when the air flow and fuel flow in the combustion chamber are small, the head of the combustion chamber cannot reach a sufficient oil-gas ratio, and ignition is difficult, resulting in a narrow air starting boundary and a small margin for adjusting the engine's fuel control law. In addition, in order to assist in widening the combustion chamber ignition boundary, the main combustion chamber ignition system is adjusted, and a high-energy, high-frequency ignition device and a matching nozzle cable are used. Since the energy of the ignition device is increased, the life of the ignition system will be halved (frequent maintenance or replacement is required), and the use effect is not high, which reduces the efficiency of the gas turbine. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the gas turbine provided by the present invention solves the technical problem in the prior art that the gas turbine has low efficiency due to the use of circumferentially uniform oil pipes to supply oil.

[0006] A fuel manifold structure with circumferentially staged oil supply is provided. The gas turbine includes a main combustion chamber. The main combustion chamber is provided with a fuel manifold structure with circumferentially staged oil supply for conveying fuel. The fuel manifold structure is used to widen the ignition boundary of the combustion chamber, adjust the local oil-gas ratio and fuel atomization quality at the head of the combustion chamber, and improve the starting boundary of the engine.

[0007] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0008] The fuel manifold structure with circumferential graded fuel supply widens the combustion chamber ignition boundary, adjusts the local oil-gas ratio and fuel atomization quality at the combustion chamber head, and thus improves the ignition efficiency of the main combustion chamber. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0009] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0010] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the fuel main pipe for circumferential staged fuel supply;

[0011] Figure 2 It is a front sectional view of the adjustment assembly;

[0012] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the base assembly;

[0013] Figure 4 This is a front sectional view of the plunger. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0014] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0015] The following describes the embodiments of the present invention through specific examples. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the contents disclosed in this specification. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. The present invention can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and the details in this specification can also be modified or changed in various ways based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the following embodiments and features in the embodiments can be combined with each other. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0016] It should be noted that various aspects of the embodiments within the scope of the appended claims are described below. It should be apparent that the aspects described herein can be embodied in a wide variety of forms, and any specific structure and / or function described herein is merely illustrative. Based on the present invention, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that an aspect described herein can be implemented independently of any other aspect, and two or more of these aspects can be combined in various ways. For example, any number of aspects described herein can be used to implement an apparatus and / or practice a method. In addition, other structures and / or functionalities other than one or more of the aspects described herein can be used to implement this apparatus and / or practice this method.

[0017] The present invention provides a fuel manifold structure with circumferential staged oil supply, wherein the gas turbine includes a main combustion chamber, such as Figure 1 As shown, the main combustion chamber is provided with a fuel manifold structure for conveying fuel in a circumferentially graded manner. The fuel manifold structure is used to widen the ignition boundary of the combustion chamber, adjust the local oil-gas ratio and fuel atomization quality of the combustion chamber head, and improve the starting boundary of the engine. Specifically, the fuel manifold structure for circumferentially graded fuel supply includes an adjustment component, a delayed fuel supply manifold half ring 2, and a normal fuel supply manifold half ring 3. The delayed fuel supply manifold half ring 2 is provided with a delayed fuel supply half ring branch pipe 5, and the normal fuel supply manifold half ring 3 is provided with a normal fuel supply half ring branch pipe 6 and an oil inlet 4. The delayed fuel supply half ring branch pipe 5 and the normal fuel supply half ring branch pipe 6 are connected to the corresponding nozzles in the main combustion chamber, wherein:

[0018] The normal fuel supply manifold half ring 3 is connected to the delayed fuel supply manifold half ring 2 through an adjusting component in a manner that can adjust the fuel flow and pressure. When the engine is in the initial working state, the normal fuel supply manifold half ring 3 supplies fuel to the main combustion chamber. When the engine operating condition changes and turns to high-speed rotation, and under the action of the adjusting component, the delayed fuel supply manifold half ring 2 and the normal fuel supply manifold half ring 3 are connected, and the delayed fuel supply half ring branch pipe 5 and the normal fuel supply half ring branch pipe 6 jointly supply fuel to the main combustion chamber.

[0019] In this embodiment, the oil supply circuit formed by the regulating assembly, the delayed oil supply manifold half ring 2, and the normal oil supply manifold half ring 3 is a discontinuous oil supply circuit. When the engine operating conditions change and the engine shifts to high speed, the oil pressure at the oil inlet 4 increases, driving the regulating assembly to operate, connecting the delayed oil supply manifold half ring 2 with the normal oil supply manifold half ring 3. This discontinuous oil supply circuit quickly senses changes in oil pressure during engine operating conditions, thereby more quickly transmitting the pressure change to the regulating assembly to drive the regulating assembly.

[0020] As a specific implementation method provided in this case, Figure 2As shown, the adjustment assembly includes a valve housing 7, a plunger 9 and a spring assembly. The two ends of the valve housing 7 are respectively provided with an inlet 14 and an outlet 15. The plunger 9 is arranged in the valve housing 7. A first hole 921 is provided at a preset position of the plunger 9. One end of the spring assembly is connected to the inner wall of the valve housing 7, and the other end is connected to the plunger 9 near the outlet 15.

[0021] When the engine is in the initial working state, the oil pressure entering the oil inlet 4 is low. Under the action of the spring assembly, the plunger 9 seals the inlet 14, and the delayed oil supply manifold half ring 2 and the normal oil supply manifold half ring 3 are disconnected. The normal oil supply manifold half ring 3 is used for oil supply.

[0022] When the engine operating conditions change and the engine turns to high-speed rotation, the oil pressure entering the oil inlet 4 increases, the spring assembly is compressed, the plunger 9 and the inlet 14 are unsealed, and the fuel enters the plunger 9 from the first hole 921 and flows into the delayed fuel supply manifold half ring 2 through the outlet 15. An opening valve is set on the fuel manifold, so that the manifold can supply fuel locally when the engine speed is low, thereby increasing the local fuel supply pressure difference and ensuring the local fuel atomization quality; when the engine speed is high, the whole ring is supplied with fuel, which not only ensures the fuel atomization quality but also ensures the uniformity of circumferential fuel supply, and can simultaneously meet the ignition performance and temperature field requirements. In addition, compared with the traditional fuel manifold, this structure adds an adjustment component for grading the circumferential fuel supply. When the engine speed is low, the adjustment component is not turned on, and only the nozzle near the nozzle is supplied with fuel; when the speed is high, the adjustment component is turned on and the whole ring is supplied with fuel, achieving the goal of circumferential local fuel supply in low state and full-ring fuel supply in high state. This structure has the characteristics of simple parts processing and low cost. It not only does not affect the demand for uniform fuel supply to the fuel main pipe in high-state conditions, but also can improve the fuel atomization quality in low-state conditions, reducing the oil droplet diameter by 37% and increasing the mist cone angle by 50%.

[0023] Further, such as Figure 4 As shown, the plunger 9 is provided with a conical sealing portion 91, an oil passing portion 92 and a mounting portion 93 in the direction from the inlet 14 to the outlet 15, and an annular groove is provided on the inner wall of the valve housing 7 at a position corresponding to the oil passing portion 92, wherein:

[0024] The outer surface of the sealing portion 91 is provided with a sealing rubber 8 for sealing the inlet 14 of the engine in the initial state;

[0025] The oil passage portion 92 is provided with a hollow structure and a first hole 921 is provided in the circumferential direction. The oil passage portion 92 and the annular groove form an annular cavity for collecting oil. When the oil supply pressure exceeds a preset value, the fuel enters the annular cavity and enters the oil passage portion 92 through the first hole 921.

[0026] The mounting portion 93 is hollow and open at both ends, and is mounted within the valve housing 7 with a gap fit to ensure that fuel in the annular cavity can only enter the plunger 9 through the first hole 921 and is supplied through the oil passage 92. An adjustment gasket 10 is mounted on the open end of the mounting portion 93 facing the inlet 14.

[0027] One end of the spring assembly passes through the oil passing portion 92 , the adjusting gasket 10 and the mounting portion 93 and is connected to the sealing portion 91 . A hole is provided in the central area of ​​the adjusting gasket 10 .

[0028] The spring assembly mentioned above includes a spring 11, a base 12 and a retaining spring 13. A second hole 121 is provided in the central area of ​​the base 12, wherein:

[0029] A retaining spring 13 is installed on the valve housing 7 near the outlet 15. The retaining spring 13 is used to support the base 12, and the base 12 is partially embedded in the valve housing 7. Under the action of the retaining spring 13 and the valve housing 7, the base 12 is limited axially in the valve housing 7. The spring 11 resists between the top surface of the base 12 and the bottom surface of the adjusting gasket 10. When the engine is in different working conditions, as the fuel pressure changes and under the action of the spring 11, the plunger 9 is driven to reciprocate axially along the valve housing 7.

[0030] Further, such as Figure 3 As shown, in order to facilitate the removal or replacement of parts, a first notch 200 is provided on the inner wall of the valve housing 7 and adjacent to the retaining spring 13, and a second notch 100 is provided on the base 12 accordingly. The cooperation of the two notches limits the upward movement of the base 12 (to attach Figure 2 The placement direction is used as a reference), the retaining spring 13 is used to support the base 12 and limit the downward movement of the base 12. When replacing parts, the retaining spring 13 can be tightened to complete the replacement of parts.

[0031] Overall technical effect:

[0032] 1. By selecting different signals of the spring 13, different opening pressures can be obtained, resulting in different local fuel supply qualities. In addition, the position of the plunger can be adjusted according to the position of the ignition nozzle, thereby improving the fuel atomization quality near the ignition nozzle under the state of graded fuel supply;

[0033] 2. Simply changing the nozzle size of the delayed fuel supply nozzle and the normal fuel supply nozzle can obtain a nozzle that evenly distributes fuel at high conditions without adding additional processing costs;

[0034] 3. Structurally, the fuel manifold with circumferential graded fuel supply is only one valve housing away from the traditional fuel manifold, and has no impact on the design and assembly of the engine's external piping and accessory systems.

[0035] Compared to the uniformly distributed fuel supply method used in the prior art, the ignition margin of the prior art structure is fixed and non-adjustable, resulting in a narrow engine starting envelope. The present invention divides the fuel manifold into two semi-rings. The first is the normal fuel supply manifold semi-ring 3, which ensures timely fuel supply. The timely fuel supply has higher oil pressure and flow, providing favorable conditions for ignition in the main combustion chamber. As the engine speed increases, the opening of the delayed fuel supply manifold semi-ring 2 is delayed through the adjustment component, ultimately achieving full-ring fuel supply. Full-ring fuel supply improves the uniformity of fuel flow supply and meets the requirements of the combustion chamber outlet temperature field. Therefore, the present invention not only meets the requirements of combustion chamber ignition, but also ensures the uniformity of the combustion chamber outlet temperature field, thereby improving the margin for stable engine operation.

[0036] Furthermore, the mounting portion 93 includes at least two-thirds of the length of the spring 11 in the vertical direction, thereby ensuring the stability of force transmission of the spring 13 in the vertical direction.

[0037] The above are merely specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be based on the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. A fuel manifold structure with circumferential staged fuel supply, wherein the gas turbine includes a main combustion chamber, characterized in that: The main combustion chamber is provided with a fuel manifold structure for conveying fuel in a circumferentially graded manner. The fuel manifold structure is used to widen the ignition boundary of the combustion chamber, adjust the local oil-air ratio and fuel atomization quality at the head of the combustion chamber, and improve the starting boundary of the engine; The fuel manifold structure for circumferential graded fuel supply comprises an adjustment component, a delayed fuel supply manifold half ring (2) and a normal fuel supply manifold half ring (3), wherein the delayed fuel supply manifold half ring (2) is provided with a delayed fuel supply half ring branch pipe (5), and the normal fuel supply manifold half ring (3) is provided with a normal fuel supply half ring branch pipe (6) and a fuel inlet (4), wherein the delayed fuel supply half ring branch pipe (5) and the normal fuel supply half ring branch pipe (6) are connected to corresponding nozzles in the main combustion chamber, wherein: the normal fuel supply manifold half ring (3) The regulating assembly is connected to the delayed fuel supply manifold half ring (2) in a manner that the fuel flow and pressure can be adjusted. When the engine is in the initial working state, the normal fuel supply manifold half ring (3) supplies fuel to the main combustion chamber. When the engine operating condition changes and turns to high-speed rotation, and under the action of the regulating assembly, the delayed fuel supply manifold half ring (2) and the normal fuel supply manifold half ring (3) are connected, and the delayed fuel supply half ring branch pipe (5) and the normal fuel supply half ring branch pipe (6) jointly supply fuel to the main combustion chamber. The regulating assembly comprises a valve housing (7), a plunger (9) and a spring assembly, wherein the two ends of the valve housing (7) are respectively provided with an inlet (14) and an outlet (15), the plunger (9) is arranged in the valve housing (7), and a first hole (921) is arranged at a preset position of the plunger (9), one end of the spring assembly is connected to the inner wall of the valve housing (7), and the other end is connected to the plunger (9) at a position adjacent to the outlet (15), wherein: when the engine is in an initial working state, the oil pressure entering the oil inlet (4) is low, and under the action of the spring assembly, the plunger (9) seals the inlet (14), the delayed oil supply manifold half ring (2) and the normal oil supply manifold half ring (3) are not connected, and the normal oil supply manifold half ring (3) is used for oil supply; When the engine operating condition changes and the engine turns to high-speed rotation, the oil pressure entering the oil inlet (4) increases, the spring assembly is compressed, the plunger (9) and the inlet (14) are released from the sealed state, and the fuel enters the plunger (9) from the first hole (921) and flows into the delayed fuel supply main pipe half ring (2) through the outlet (15).

2. The fuel manifold structure with circumferential graded oil supply according to claim 1, characterized in that: The oil supply path formed by the regulating component, the delayed oil supply manifold half ring (2) and the normal oil supply manifold half ring (3) is a discontinuous oil supply path. When the engine operating condition changes and the engine turns to high-speed rotation, the oil supply pressure of the oil inlet (4) increases, driving the regulating component to operate, so that the delayed oil supply manifold half ring (2) and the normal oil supply manifold half ring (3) are connected.

3. The fuel manifold structure with circumferential graded oil supply according to claim 2, characterized in that: The plunger (9) is provided with a sealing portion (91), an oil-passing portion (92), and a mounting portion (93) of a conical structure in the direction from the inlet (14) to the outlet (15), and an annular groove is provided on the inner wall of the valve housing (7) at a position corresponding to the oil-passing portion (92), wherein: The outer surface of the sealing portion (91) is provided with a sealing rubber (8) for sealing the inlet (14) of the engine in an initial state; The oil-passing portion (92) is provided with a hollow structure and is provided with the first hole (921) in the circumferential direction. The oil-passing portion (92) and the annular groove form an annular cavity for collecting oil. When the oil supply pressure is greater than a preset value, the fuel enters the annular cavity and enters the oil-passing portion (92) through the first hole (921); The mounting portion (93) is provided with a hollow structure with both ends open, and is installed in the valve housing (7) in a gap-matched manner to ensure that the fuel in the annular cavity can only enter the plunger (9) through the first hole (921) and is supplied through the oil-passing portion (92); an adjusting gasket (10) is installed on the open end of the mounting portion (93) facing the inlet (14); One end of the spring assembly passes through the oil-passing portion (92), the adjusting gasket (10) and the mounting portion (93) to be connected to the sealing portion (91), and a hole is provided in the central area of ​​the adjusting gasket (10).

4. The fuel manifold structure with circumferential graded oil supply according to claim 3, characterized in that: The spring assembly comprises a spring (11), a base (12) and a retaining spring (13), wherein a second hole (121) is provided in the central area of ​​the base (12), wherein: The retaining spring (13) is installed on the valve housing (7) and at a position adjacent to the outlet (15). The retaining spring (13) is used to support the base (12), and the base (12) is partially embedded in the valve housing (7). Under the action of the retaining spring (13) and the valve housing (7), the base (12) is limited in the axial direction of the valve housing (7). The spring (11) resists between the top surface of the base (12) and the bottom surface of the adjustment gasket (10). When the engine is in different working conditions, the plunger (9) is driven to reciprocate along the axial direction of the valve housing (7) as the fuel pressure changes and under the action of the spring (11).

5. The fuel manifold structure with circumferential graded oil supply according to claim 4, characterized in that: The mounting portion (93) includes at least two-thirds of the length of the spring (11) in the vertical direction.

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