A semi-ellipsoidal surface measurement and positioning detection method for the bottom head of the containment vessel

Abstract

The present invention discloses a method for measuring, locating, and inspecting a semi-ellipsoidal surface for a containment bottom head, comprising the following steps: Step 1: directly measuring the vertical distance R from the inspection point to the center at the center of the nuclear island; alternatively, measuring the three-dimensional measured data (X, Y, Z) of the inspection point at any position and then calculating the vertical distance R from the inspection point to the center; Step 2: calculating the vertical distance L from the inspection point to the major semi-axis of the ellipsoid based on the vertical distance R from the inspection point to the center; and Step 3: calculating the elevation deviation ΔH of the inspection point. This method can quickly and intuitively determine whether the reinforcement construction at the bottom of the semi-ellipsoid meets the requirements, and can quickly provide the concrete pouring elevation of the semi-ellipsoid bottom surface and inspect whether the poured layer is qualified at the construction site.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of building construction, and relates to a detection method, in particular to a semi-ellipsoidal surface measurement, positioning and detection method for a bottom head of a containment vessel. Background Art

[0002] Some nuclear power plants are modularly constructed, with a containment bottom head installed at the base of the nuclear island. This semi-ellipsoidal shell structure is bowl-shaped, with a radius that gradually increases from bottom to top. Inconsistent ellipsoidal radii result in inconsistent measurement and inspection elevations. Accurate and rapid inspections of the ellipsoid's bottom reinforcement, formwork support, concrete pouring elevations, and elevation testing are difficult. Conventional methods rely on field data and calculations using 3D models. However, due to complex on-site construction conditions and tight construction schedules, the need for rapid and accurate rebar adjustments and elevation measurement on site prevents immediate data processing. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In response to the defects of the existing technology, the present invention provides a semi-ellipsoidal surface measurement, positioning and detection method for the bottom head of the containment vessel, which can quickly and intuitively determine whether the steel bar construction at the bottom of the semi-ellipsoid meets the requirements, and can quickly provide the concrete pouring elevation of the bottom surface of the semi-ellipsoid and detect whether the pouring layer is qualified at the construction site.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides a method for measuring, positioning and detecting a semi-ellipsoidal surface of a containment bottom head. The containment bottom head is a semi-ellipsoidal shell structure at the bottom of the nuclear island, which is bowl-shaped and has a radius that gradually increases from bottom to top. The measurement, positioning and detection elevations of locations where the radius of the containment bottom head is inconsistent are also inconsistent. The method has the following characteristics:

[0005] Step 1: Measure the vertical distance R from the detection point to the center directly at the center of the nuclear island;

[0006] Alternatively, measure the three-dimensional measured data (X, Y, Z) of the detection point at any position, and then calculate the vertical distance R from the detection point to the center;

[0007]

[0008] Where X0 and Y0 are the coordinates of the ellipsoid center;

[0009] Step 2: Calculate the vertical distance L from the detection point to the major semi-axis of the ellipsoid based on the vertical distance R from the detection point to the center;

[0010]

[0011] a is the major semi-axis of the ellipsoid, b is the minor semi-axis of the ellipsoid, and m is the ellipsoid offset, that is, m is the increase in the major semi-axis a and the minor semi-axis b (the increase is calculated from the inner surface of the ellipsoid);

[0012] Step 3: Calculate the elevation deviation ΔH of the detection point;

[0013] △H=Z-(H0-L)

[0014] Where H0 is the elevation of the upper edge of the semi-ellipsoid, and H0-L is the theoretical elevation of the detection point.

[0015] Furthermore, the present invention provides a semi-ellipsoidal surface measurement, positioning and detection method for the bottom head of the containment vessel, which may also have the following characteristics: in step one, the instrument is set up at the center of the nuclear island (i.e., the center of the ellipse) without back-looking orientation, and the vertical distance R from the detection point to the center is directly measured.

[0016] Furthermore, the present invention provides a semi-ellipsoidal surface measurement, positioning and detection method for the bottom head of the containment vessel, which may also have the following characteristics: wherein the center point of the nuclear island is pre-buried on the bottom plate raft foundation and measured and set using a triangulated network observation method.

[0017] Furthermore, the present invention provides a semi-ellipsoidal surface measurement, positioning and detection method for the bottom head of the containment vessel, which may also have the following characteristics: wherein, in step one, the three-dimensional measured data (X, Y, Z) of the instrument measurement and detection point is set up at any position, and the measurement station setting and orientation, including elevation setting, are required.

[0018] Furthermore, the present invention provides a semi-ellipsoidal surface measurement, positioning and detection method for the bottom head of the containment vessel, which may also have the following characteristics: wherein the detection object includes the steel bars at the bottom of the bottom head of the containment vessel and the concrete casting layer at the bottom of the bottom head of the containment vessel.

[0019] Furthermore, the present invention provides a semi-ellipsoidal surface measurement, positioning and detection method for the bottom head of the containment vessel, which may also have the following characteristics: when the detection object is the steel bars at the bottom of the bottom head of the containment vessel, the ellipsoid offset m is the distance from the steel bars to the bottom of the containment vessel.

[0020] Furthermore, the present invention provides a semi-ellipsoidal surface measurement, positioning and detection method for the bottom head of the containment vessel, which may also have the following characteristics: when the detection object is the concrete casting layer at the bottom of the bottom head of the containment vessel, the ellipsoid offset m is the distance from the concrete casting surface to the bottom of the containment vessel.

[0021] Furthermore, the present invention provides a semi-ellipsoidal surface measurement, positioning and detection method for the bottom head of the containment vessel, which may also have the following characteristics: wherein, in step one, a total station is used to measure the vertical distance R from the detection point to the center or the three-dimensional measured data (X, Y, Z) of the detection point.

[0022] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention provides a method for measuring, positioning and detecting a semi-ellipsoidal surface for a containment bottom head, converting the three-dimensional measured data (X, Y, Z) of the semi-ellipsoidal bottom surface into two-dimensional distance and ellipsoidal chord length (R, L) data using an ellipse equation through a formula. The (R, L) coordinate system is a two-dimensional coordinate system with the ellipsoid center as the origin, the ellipsoid's major semi-axis as the horizontal axis, and the ellipsoid's minor semi-axis as the vertical axis. The coordinates of the ellipsoid center remain unchanged in space, only the elevation changes. An instrument can be set up arbitrarily to calculate the radius and theoretical elevation from any point to the center of the circle, and then the elevation deviation ΔH of any detection point can be calculated. The method provided by the present invention can intuitively and quickly determine whether the construction radius and elevation of the ellipsoidal bottom surface structure are qualified, thereby improving work efficiency and quality. Specifically:

[0023] 1. Solved the technical problem that the semi-ellipsoid bottom structure cannot be quickly measured, positioned and inspected.

[0024] Second, by setting up the instrument at the center point of the nuclear island, the distance R at any point can be directly measured, and the theoretical elevation and elevation difference at that point can be directly calculated, improving the effectiveness and accuracy of the measurement work and facilitating the optimization of the construction schedule. Alternatively, the instrument can be set up at any location to measure the three-dimensional coordinates (X, Y, Z) of any point, calculate the distance R according to the formula, and then calculate the theoretical elevation and elevation difference at any point, achieving work flexibility and a convenient, fast, and efficient operation process.

[0025] 3. This method uses a total station to measure on site and can be used in combination with a programmable function calculator to quickly and accurately detect whether the steel bars and formwork supports are qualified, quickly measure the concrete pouring elevation and detect whether the pouring layer elevation is qualified, thereby achieving the effectiveness and accuracy of the measurement work. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom structure of the semi-ellipsoidal containment vessel;

[0027] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of a two-dimensional coordinate system;

[0028] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the reinforcement construction at the bottom of the semi-ellipsoidal containment;

[0029] Figure numerals: 1. Containment bottom head structure; 2. A-layer concrete structure construction layer; 3. Support system; 4. Nuclear island bottom plate raft foundation; 5. Steel bars; 6. Steel bar support. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The specific embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0031] The invention provides a semi-ellipsoidal surface measurement, positioning and detection method for a bottom head of a containment vessel, so as to detect whether steel bars and template supports are qualified, detect whether the concrete pouring elevation and the pouring layer elevation are qualified.

[0032] like Figure 1-3 As shown, a nuclear power plant's nuclear island is equipped with a containment bottom head 1. This containment bottom head is a semi-ellipsoidal shell structure with a bowl-like shape, gradually increasing in radius from bottom to top. Its semi-major axis is 21,500 mm, its semi-minor axis is 13,510 mm, and it is constructed of 43 mm thick steel plate. The top elevation is 0.677 m. Below the containment bottom head 1 is a concrete construction layer 2, layer A, which rests on the nuclear island floor raft foundation 4. The support system 3 for the containment bottom head 1 is installed on this foundation.

[0033] Example 1

[0034] During the inspection of the reinforcement construction of the A-layer at the bottom of the semi-ellipsoidal containment bottom head, the main focus is on the reinforcement construction radius and elevation. The elevation is a dynamic process; as the reinforcement radius changes, the corresponding elevation also changes. Conventional methods cannot quickly calculate the radius and elevation data of the measurement points based on the on-site measured reinforcement coordinates, and conversion is required. The containment bottom head is hoisted into place after the bottom A-layer concrete foundation construction is completed. The A-layer concrete structure contains several layers of reinforcement, which are supported and installed by reinforcement brackets. The minimum cross-sectional dimension of the A-layer concrete is 800mm, and the maximum cross-sectional dimension is 2350mm. During the measurement and construction, a total station is set up directly at the center to locate the A-layer foundation radius line, circumferential reinforcement line, longitudinal reinforcement line, and reinforcement bracket line. The positioning is carried out according to the reinforcement bracket design drawings and the reinforcement design drawings. This example describes the measurement, positioning, and inspection elevation of the grouting surface in the A-layer concrete structure at the bottom of the containment bottom head. The distance from the grouting surface to the bottom of the containment is 143mm (grouting thickness 100, containment thickness 43mm). The specific steps are as follows:

[0035] After the concrete of the nuclear island bottom slab raft foundation is poured, the center point coordinates are measured and marked at the center of the nuclear island.

[0036] Set up the total station at the center point, select two points with line of sight to the secondary survey control network points as measurement orientation points and check points, and set up the survey station, including elevation setting.

[0037] Convert the ellipse equation into a two-dimensional coordinate system (R, L). The coordinates of the center point of the nuclear island are (3275, 3000). The ellipse equation of the inner surface of the bottom head of the containment is:

[0038]

[0039] Convert the ellipse equation to:

[0040]

[0041] Directly measure the vertical distance R from the detection point to the center. Calculate the vertical distance L from the detection point to the major semi-axis of the ellipsoid based on the vertical distance R from the detection point to the center.

[0042]

[0043] Considering the ellipsoid offset m, the formula is converted to:

[0044]

[0045] The distance from the first layer of steel bars to the bottom of the containment is 143 mm, that is, m = 0.143 m.

[0046] The theoretical elevation of the detection point is calculated to be 0.677-L.

[0047] The elevation deviation ΔH of the detection point is:

[0048] △H=Z-(0.677-L)

[0049] The measured and calculated data are shown in Table 1.

[0050] Table 1

[0051]

[0052]

[0053] The theoretical elevation calculated by the formula in the table is consistent with the elevation calculated by the three-dimensional model, and the elevation deviation meets the requirements.

[0054] Example 2

[0055] During the reinforcement construction of the semi-ellipsoidal containment vessel's bottom, numerous workers and densely packed rebar were required. Rebar adjustment, radius positioning, and cover thickness testing were all performed, making it impossible to set up instruments at the center. Measurement, positioning, and testing required setting instruments at random locations. Rebar construction is a three-dimensional, dynamic process. Changes in the radius of rebar adjustment result in changes in elevation, and there are no reference points on site. A total station was set up at any location on site to set up the survey station, including the elevation. Once the survey station was set up, the rebar lines were positioned according to the drawings. The radius and elevation data were calculated based on the measured three-dimensional (X, Y, Z) coordinates. A programmable calculator was used on-site to quickly calculate the radius, elevation, and elevation deviation. The coordinates of the nuclear island center are (3275, 3000).

[0056]

[0057] The calculation method of the theoretical elevation H0-L and elevation deviation ΔH of the detection point is the same as that in Example 1.

[0058] The steel bar measurement data after actual on-site adjustment is shown in Table 2.

[0059] Table 2

[0060]

[0061]

[0062] Note: Points 1 to 19 are the third layer of steel bars, and points 20 to 34 are the first layer of steel bars. The thickness m during calculation is inconsistent; the thickness m of points 1 to 19 is 0.315m, and the thickness m of points 20 to 34 is 0.404m.

[0063] The data deviation values in the table are within the allowable range, and the steel bars meet the requirements after adjustment.

[0064] The method of the present invention is used for measuring, positioning and inspecting the bottom of a semi-ellipsoidal containment vessel, with high construction efficiency and guaranteed data quality.

[0065] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. All technical solutions based on the concept of the present invention are within the scope of protection of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, various improvements and modifications that do not depart from the principles of the present invention should be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for measuring, positioning, and detecting a semi-ellipsoidal surface of a containment bottom head. The containment bottom head is a semi-ellipsoidal shell structure at the bottom of the nuclear island, and is bowl-shaped with a radius that gradually increases from bottom to top. Locations where the radius of the containment bottom head is inconsistent have inconsistent measurement, positioning, and detection elevations. The method is characterized by: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Measure the vertical distance R from the detection point to the center directly at the center of the nuclear island; Alternatively, measure the three-dimensional measured data (X, Y, Z) of the detection point at any position, and then calculate the vertical distance R from the detection point to the center; Where X0 and Y0 are the coordinates of the ellipsoid center; Step 2: Calculate the vertical distance L from the detection point to the major semi-axis of the ellipsoid based on the vertical distance R from the detection point to the center. Where a is the major semi-axis of the ellipsoid, b is the minor semi-axis of the ellipsoid, and m is the offset of the ellipsoid; The inspection objects include the steel bars at the bottom of the containment bottom head and the concrete pouring layer at the bottom of the containment bottom head. When the inspection object is the steel bars at the bottom of the containment bottom head, the ellipsoid offset m is the distance from the steel bars to the bottom of the containment. When the inspection object is the concrete pouring layer at the bottom of the containment bottom head, the ellipsoid offset m is the distance from the concrete pouring surface to the bottom of the containment. Step 3: Calculate the elevation deviation ΔH of the detection point; △H=Z-(H0-L) Where H0 is the elevation of the upper edge of the semi-ellipsoid, and H0-L is the theoretical elevation of the detection point.

2. The method for measuring, positioning, and detecting a semi-ellipsoidal surface of a containment bottom head according to claim 1, characterized in that: in, In step 1, the instrument is set up at the center of the nuclear island without backsight orientation, and the vertical distance R from the detection point to the center is directly measured.

3. The method for measuring, positioning, and detecting a semi-ellipsoidal surface of a containment bottom head according to claim 1, wherein: in, The center point of the nuclear island is pre-buried on the bottom plate raft foundation and measured using the triangulation observation method.

4. The method for measuring, positioning, and detecting a semi-ellipsoidal surface of a containment bottom head according to claim 1, wherein: in, In step 1, the instrument is set up at any location to measure the three-dimensional measured data (X, Y, Z) of the detection point. The measurement station setting and orientation, including elevation setting, are required.

5. The method for measuring, positioning and detecting a semi-ellipsoidal surface of a containment bottom head according to claim 1 is characterized in that: in, In step 1, a total station is used to measure the vertical distance R from the detection point to the center or the three-dimensional measured data (X, Y, Z) of the detection point.

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