Mining-induced ground surface deformation monitoring method and device, electronic equipment and storage medium

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of exploitation induced surface deformation monitoring method, device, electronic equipment and storage medium, wherein, method includes: according to data information, the first deformation result of target area is obtained, and the potential hazards of ground in first working area are analyzed, according to the data information of the nearby area of target area, the second deformation result of nearby area is obtained, the potential hazards of ground in second working area are obtained, to determine actual ground potential hazards;High-resolution digital ground model and orthophoto are obtained from unmanned aerial vehicle image, three-dimensional surface model is established and the topographic and geomorphic change characteristics of target area are obtained;Based on satellite optical remote sensing image, the interpretation feature is established, the topographic and geomorphic change characteristics are classified, and then the potential hazards of surface deformation to different types of ground facilities are evaluated.The application embodiment can effectively reduce the cost of manpower and material resources, improve the real-time and accuracy of goaf surface deformation monitoring.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of surface deformation monitoring technology, and in particular to a method, device, electronic equipment and storage medium for monitoring surface deformation induced by mining. Background Technology

[0002] In related technologies, the monitoring methods for surface deformation in mining subsidence areas mainly use technologies such as leveling instruments, total stations, theodolites, and global positioning systems to measure the location and changes of a certain point or a small area on the surface, thereby monitoring and analyzing surface deformation to prevent serious disasters such as landslides, collapses, and ground subsidence that may be induced.

[0003] However, technologies such as leveling and monitoring increase the workload and require long field operation cycles, which increases the cost of manpower and materials. In particular, the monitoring accuracy is easily affected by interference in areas with complex terrain, which reduces the accuracy of monitoring deformation in goaf areas and urgently needs to be addressed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application is based on the inventor's understanding and insights into the following issues:

[0005] Surface deformation is a slow and irreversible geological phenomenon induced by human engineering activities or natural factors. Today, most cities in my country are facing numerous problems caused by surface deformation. Real-time and accurate monitoring and analysis of surface deformation is of great significance in preventing more serious disasters such as landslides, collapses, and ground subsidence.

[0006] Currently, the main technical challenges facing surface deformation monitoring include the following two aspects. On the one hand, traditional monitoring technologies are mostly based on observation data from discrete points. The coverage and spatial density of monitoring points are limited by various factors, making it difficult to effectively monitor and analyze large-scale and wide-ranging surface deformations. On the other hand, most of my country's mineral resource-rich areas and large-scale engineering construction sites are located in geographically remote areas with complex topography and harsh climate conditions. Under these complex natural conditions, traditional monitoring operations not only require a large amount of manpower and resources but also face enormous challenges such as inconvenient transportation and communication difficulties.

[0007] This application provides a method, device, electronic equipment, and storage medium for monitoring surface deformation induced by mining, in order to solve the problems in related technologies such as leveling and monitoring, which increase workload, have long field operation cycles, increase manpower and material costs, and are particularly susceptible to interference in complex terrain areas, reducing the accuracy of monitoring deformation in mined-out areas.

[0008] The first aspect of this application provides a method for monitoring mining-induced surface deformation, comprising the following steps: collecting data within a selected target area; obtaining a first deformation result of the target area based on the data, and analyzing potential ground hazards within a first working area based on the deformation result; obtaining a second deformation result of the nearby area based on data from the nearby area of ​​the target area, obtaining potential ground hazards within a second working area, and determining actual potential ground hazards by combining the first deformation result and the second deformation result; acquiring a high-resolution digital ground model and orthophoto from UAV images, establishing a three-dimensional surface model and acquiring topographic and geomorphic change characteristics of the target area; establishing interpretation features based on preset satellite optical remote sensing images, and classifying the topographic and geomorphic change characteristics; analyzing the causes and spatiotemporal characteristics of surface deformation in the target area based on the actual potential ground hazards and classification results, and assessing the potential hazards of surface deformation to different types of ground facilities.

[0009] Optionally, in one embodiment of this application, the step of obtaining the first deformation result of the target area based on the data and analyzing the potential ground hazards in the first working area based on the deformation result includes: performing influence processing on the data, obtaining the deformation result using InSAR (Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar) small baseline; and performing a comprehensive analysis of the deformation zone range in the working area based on the data to obtain the potential ground hazards in the working area.

[0010] Optionally, in one embodiment of this application, the data includes at least one of SAR (Synthetic Aperture Radar) images, optical remote sensing images from relevant satellites, administrative division information, and mining rights information.

[0011] Optionally, in one embodiment of this application, determining the actual ground potential hazard by combining the first deformation result and the second deformation result includes: determining the overlapping area of ​​the target area and the nearby area; comparing the deformation results of the overlapping area, and determining whether the deformation results meet a preset accuracy condition, so as to perform deformation monitoring when the preset accuracy condition is met.

[0012] Optionally, in one embodiment of this application, the step of establishing interpretation features based on preset satellite optical remote sensing images includes: processing the preset satellite optical remote sensing images to obtain at least one of the image's color features, shape features, texture features, and shadow features; and establishing the interpretation features based on the at least one feature.

[0013] A second aspect of this application provides a monitoring device for mining-induced surface deformation, comprising: a collection module for collecting data within a selected target area; an acquisition module for acquiring a first deformation result of the target area based on the data, and analyzing potential ground hazards in a first working area based on the deformation result; a determination module for acquiring a second deformation result of a nearby area based on data from a nearby area of ​​the target area, obtaining potential ground hazards in a second working area, and determining actual potential ground hazards by combining the first deformation result and the second deformation result; a construction module for acquiring a high-resolution digital ground model and orthophoto from UAV images, establishing a three-dimensional surface model and acquiring topographic and geomorphic change features of the target area; a classification module for establishing interpretation features based on preset satellite optical remote sensing images and classifying the topographic and geomorphic change features; and an evaluation module for analyzing the causes and spatiotemporal characteristics of surface deformation in the target area based on the actual potential ground hazards and the classification results, and evaluating the potential hazards of surface deformation to different types of ground facilities.

[0014] Optionally, in one embodiment of this application, the acquisition module includes: an acquisition unit, used to perform impact processing on the data and obtain the deformation result using InSAR small baselines; and an analysis unit, used to perform comprehensive analysis on the deformation zone range within the work area based on the data to obtain potential ground hazards within the work area.

[0015] Optionally, in one embodiment of this application, the data includes at least one of SAR imagery, optical remote sensing imagery from relevant satellites, administrative division information, and mining rights information.

[0016] Optionally, in one embodiment of this application, the determining module includes: a determining unit, configured to determine the overlapping area of ​​the target area and the nearby area; and a judging unit, configured to compare the deformation results of the overlapping area and judge whether the deformation results meet a preset accuracy condition, so as to perform deformation monitoring when the preset accuracy condition is met.

[0017] Optionally, in one embodiment of this application, the classification module includes: a processing unit, configured to process the preset satellite optical remote sensing image to obtain at least one of the image's color features, shape features, texture features, and shadow features; and a building unit, configured to build the interpretation features based on the at least one feature.

[0018] A third aspect of this application provides an electronic device, including: a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the program to implement the mining-induced surface deformation monitoring method as described in the above embodiments.

[0019] A fourth aspect of this application provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the above-described method for monitoring mining-induced surface deformation.

[0020] This application embodiment can collect data within a selected target area, obtain the first deformation result of the target area, analyze the potential ground hazards in the first working area, obtain the second deformation result of the nearby area based on data from the nearby area, and obtain the potential ground hazards in the second working area, thereby determining the actual potential ground hazards. It acquires high-resolution digital ground models and orthophotos from UAV images, establishes a three-dimensional surface model, and obtains the topographic and geomorphic change characteristics of the target area. Based on satellite optical remote sensing images, it establishes interpretation features, classifies the topographic and geomorphic change characteristics, and then analyzes the causes and spatiotemporal characteristics of surface deformation in the target area based on the actual potential ground hazards and classification results. It assesses the potential hazards of surface deformation to different types of ground facilities, effectively reducing manpower and material costs and improving the real-time performance and accuracy of surface deformation monitoring in mining subsidence areas. Therefore, it solves the problems in related technologies such as leveling and monitoring, which increase workload and have long field operation cycles, increasing manpower and material costs, especially in complex terrain areas where monitoring accuracy is easily interfered with, reducing the accuracy of mining subsidence deformation monitoring.

[0021] Additional aspects and advantages of this application will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of this application. Attached Figure Description

[0022] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of this application will become apparent and readily understood from the following description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein:

[0023] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a method for monitoring mining-induced surface deformation according to an embodiment of this application;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram showing the location of an example of the study area according to a specific embodiment of this application;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the temporal cumulative deformation of the study area obtained using SBAS-InSAR (Small Baseline Subset InSAR, differential interferometry short baseline set temporal analysis technique) according to a specific embodiment of this application;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the surface deformation rate of the study area obtained using SBAS-InSAR technology according to a specific embodiment of this application.

[0027] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the comparison and verification results of InSAR processing results in a specific embodiment of this application.

[0028] Figure 6 This is a comparative verification diagram of the monitoring results of multiple sample points with different deformation trends in two InSAR processing operations according to a specific embodiment of this application.

[0029] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of surface facility classification features based on visual interpretation, representing a specific embodiment of this application.

[0030] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the monitoring results of the distribution of high subsidence rate deformation zones in a study area based on multi-source remote sensing technology, according to a specific embodiment of this application.

[0031] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the potential hazard classification of the main deformation zones in a research area based on multi-source remote sensing technology, according to a specific embodiment of this application.

[0032] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram showing the main distribution of potential hazard zones of different buildings and facilities within the study area of ​​a specific embodiment of this application.

[0033] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram showing the distribution of potentially damaged sections of highways and railways within the study area of ​​a specific embodiment of this application.

[0034] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the monitoring process of mining-induced surface deformation according to a specific embodiment of this application;

[0035] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the mining-induced surface deformation monitoring device according to an embodiment of this application;

[0036] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device according to an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0037] The embodiments of this application are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain this application, and should not be construed as limiting this application.

[0038] The following description, with reference to the accompanying drawings, describes a method, apparatus, electronic device, and storage medium for monitoring mining-induced surface deformation according to embodiments of this application. In response to the aforementioned issues mentioned in the background technology center, such as leveling and monitoring technologies, which increase workload and have long field operation cycles, leading to increased manpower and material costs, and especially in complex terrain areas where monitoring accuracy is easily affected by interference, thus reducing the accuracy of goaf deformation monitoring, this application provides a method for monitoring mining-induced surface deformation. This method collects data within a selected target area, obtains the first deformation result of the target area, and analyzes the potential hazards on the ground within the first working area. Based on data from nearby areas, it obtains the second deformation result of those areas, thus determining the potential hazards on the ground within the second working area. High-resolution digital ground models and orthophotos are acquired from UAV images to establish a three-dimensional surface model and obtain the topographic and geomorphological change characteristics of the target area. Interpretation features are established based on satellite optical remote sensing images to classify the topographic and geomorphological change characteristics. Then, based on the actual potential hazards on the ground and the classification results, the method analyzes the causes and spatiotemporal characteristics of surface deformation in the target area, assesses the potential hazards of surface deformation to different types of ground facilities, effectively reduces manpower and material costs, and improves the real-time performance and accuracy of goaf surface deformation monitoring. This solves the problems in related technologies such as leveling and monitoring, which increase workload, have long field operation cycles, increase manpower and material costs, and are prone to interference in monitoring accuracy, especially in complex terrain areas, which reduces the accuracy of monitoring deformation in goaf areas.

[0039] Specifically, Figure 1 This is a schematic flowchart of a method for monitoring mining-induced surface deformation provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0040] like Figure 1 As shown, the method for monitoring mining-induced surface deformation includes the following steps:

[0041] In step S101, data within the selected target area is collected.

[0042] It is understood that the embodiments of this application can collect data on the target area selected in the following steps, thereby improving the accuracy of the data and enhancing the feasibility of surface deformation monitoring.

[0043] In one embodiment of this application, the data includes at least one of SAR imagery, optical remote sensing imagery from relevant satellites, administrative division information, and mining rights information.

[0044] In some embodiments, the present application can collect and organize data on the target area, including but not limited to SAR images, other satellite optical remote sensing images, and data on administrative divisions, mining rights, etc., thereby improving the accuracy and real-time nature of data acquisition.

[0045] For example, such as Figure 2 As shown, this application embodiment can take a portion of the Yangquan mining area in Shanxi Province as the study area to study the surface deformation of the study area. Eight C-band images from the RADARSAT-2 source, with an interval of 24 days and a time span from June 16, 2016 to December 1, 2016, are compiled, with a ground resolution of 5m. A Landsat-8 optical remote sensing image taken on January 16, 2017 is selected as the basis for ground facility classification. At the same time, administrative vector data of the study area, mining rights vector data of the mining area, mining statistics data, and geological disaster survey data are collected as supplements to the remote sensing data.

[0046] In step S102, the first deformation result of the target area is obtained based on the data, and the potential hazards on the ground in the first working area are analyzed based on the deformation result.

[0047] It is understood that the embodiments of this application can obtain the first deformation result of the target area based on the data in the following steps, and analyze the potential hazards on the ground in the first working area based on the deformation result, thereby improving the monitoring efficiency of surface deformation.

[0048] In one embodiment of this application, obtaining the first deformation result of the target area based on data and analyzing the potential ground hazards in the first working area based on the deformation result includes: performing impact processing on the data and obtaining the deformation result using InSAR small baselines; and conducting a comprehensive analysis of the deformation zone range in the working area based on the data to obtain the potential ground hazards in the working area.

[0049] In actual implementation, the embodiments of this application can process SAR images of the study area, utilize deformation results obtained from InSAR small baselines, and combine other SAR data time series analysis techniques and geological data to comprehensively analyze the deformation zone range within the work area, thereby obtaining potential ground hazards within the work area and improving the accuracy and reliability of monitoring the deformation zone range within the work area.

[0050] Among them, InSAR technology can provide high-precision, high-resolution, non-contact, and surface-based monitoring methods, which fully meet the needs of large-scale surface deformation monitoring in mining subsidence areas. At the same time, monitoring surface deformation disasters requires massive, continuous, and reliable data sources. In this regard, the all-weather, passive monitoring InSAR technology can investigate historical monitoring data of the target area at any time, helping to qualitatively and quantitatively analyze the degree of surface deformation, thus making up for the shortcomings of traditional remote sensing and traditional geodetic methods.

[0051] For example, the SBAS-InSAR remote sensing image processing technology for the study area in this application embodiment can be divided into six steps: baseline estimation and connectivity map generation, interferogram generation, adaptive filtering and coherence generation, phase unwrapping, orbit refinement and de-calculation, and geocoding. Envi-SARscape software can be used to process the RADARSAT-2 image using SBAS-InSAR, and the SAR image with an imaging time of September 20, 2016, is selected as the super master image. The time baseline range is set to 0–96 days, and the spatial baseline range is set to 0–310.6 m. Finally, 17 interferometric pairs are generated. Figure 3 As shown, the cumulative surface deformation of the Yangquan mining area from June 16, 2016 to December 1, 2016 was finally obtained. Figure 4 The deformation rate is shown.

[0052] In step S103, the second deformation result of the nearby area is obtained based on the data of the nearby area of ​​the target area, the potential ground hazards in the second working area are obtained, and the actual potential ground hazards are determined by combining the first deformation result and the second deformation result.

[0053] It is understood that, according to the embodiments of this application, the second deformation result of the nearby area can be obtained based on the data of the nearby area of ​​the target area, the potential ground hazards in the second working area can be obtained, and the actual potential ground hazards can be determined by combining the first deformation result and the second deformation result in the following steps, thereby improving the efficiency of surface deformation monitoring and reducing the manpower and material costs of surface deformation monitoring.

[0054] In one embodiment of this application, the actual ground potential hazard is determined by combining the first deformation result and the second deformation result, including: determining the overlapping area between the target area and the nearby area; comparing the deformation results of the overlapping area to determine whether the deformation results meet the preset accuracy conditions, so as to perform deformation monitoring when the preset accuracy conditions are met.

[0055] In some embodiments, the embodiments of this application can use the same SBAS-InSAR processing method to process other SAR datasets near the target area. By comparing the deformation results of the overlapping areas in the two processing results, and determining whether the deformation results meet the accuracy conditions, deformation monitoring can be performed when the deformation results meet the accuracy conditions, thereby improving the accuracy and reliability of the surface deformation monitoring results and enhancing the intelligence level of surface deformation monitoring.

[0056] It should be noted that the preset accurate conditions are set by those skilled in the art according to the actual situation, and no specific limitations are made here.

[0057] For example, in order to verify the accuracy of SBAS-InSAR monitoring results, other nearby RADARSAT-2 datasets can be collected in this application embodiment. The same processing method (same time interval, same parameters, same flattening and filtering methods, etc.) can be used on these datasets to obtain deformation monitoring results.

[0058] Next, as Figure 5 As shown, the overlapping areas in the two SBAS-InSAR processing results are compared, where (a) is the monitoring group result and (b) is the validation group result. Figure 6 As shown, the comparison results of multiple sample points with different deformation trends in the two sets of results indicate that, even when the collection times of the two datasets are not exactly the same, the distribution of each deformation zone is basically consistent and the values ​​are very close. The minor errors that exist can be further corrected by supplementing other multi-source remote sensing methods, which are not specifically limited here.

[0059] In summary, the deformation monitoring results obtained by the SBAS-InSAR method in this application embodiment are accurate. The preliminary SBAS-InSAR processing can fully help determine the scope that needs detailed on-site investigation, locate high-risk areas in advance, and reduce manual operation costs.

[0060] In step S104, a high-resolution digital ground model and orthophoto are acquired from the UAV images to establish a three-dimensional surface model and obtain the topographic and geomorphological change characteristics of the target area.

[0061] It is understood that the embodiments of this application can obtain high-resolution digital ground models and orthophotos from UAV images. For example, high-resolution digital ground models and orthophotos can be obtained from UAV images through UAV (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle) aerial photography technology, so as to establish a high-precision three-dimensional surface model and obtain the topographic and geomorphic change characteristics of the target area, effectively providing assistance for the refined topographic and geomorphic change characteristics of the target area.

[0062] Among them, UAV aerial photography technology can easily capture photogrammetric image patches by using GPS (Global Positioning System), IMU (Inertial Measurement Unit) and autopilot system. It has promising advantages such as low cost, ease of use and flexible data acquisition. Combined with oblique imaging technology, UAV photogrammetric system can provide flexible data acquisition and multi-angle imaging capabilities, which can be used to supplement the fine features of surface deformation in the study area that are difficult to identify by InSAR technology.

[0063] For example, embodiments of this application can acquire detailed topographic and geomorphic change features of the study area based on UAV aerial photography technology. UAV aerial images include, but are not limited to, ordinary optical satellite remote sensing images, which cannot clearly display high-precision topographic and geomorphic features and surface details. Furthermore, high-precision ground damage details can also serve as external source data to supplement the InSAR monitoring results and verify their accuracy.

[0064] For example, the image acquisition workflow based on UAV aerial photography can be mainly divided into three steps: off-site preparation, on-site preparation, and image acquisition and post-processing. First, auxiliary data collection, UAV flight path planning, and airspace application are carried out. Based on spatial resolution, images are acquired using a ground sampling distance of 3 cm. In addition, the percentage of frontal and lateral overlap of the images during flight is set to 80%. Using a GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) receiver equipped with an internal modem, horizontal and vertical measurements are performed on the Earth control points required for image processing to ensure measurement accuracy of sub-centimeter (less than 3 cm). Finally, INPHO UASMaster 6.0 software is used for post-processing to obtain high-resolution digital ground models and orthophotos from the UAV images.

[0065] In step S105, interpretation features are established based on preset satellite optical remote sensing images to classify the topographic and geomorphological change features.

[0066] It is understood that the embodiments of this application can establish interpretation features based on satellite optical remote sensing images in the following steps, classify topographic and geomorphological change features, improve the scope of surface topography monitoring, reduce the impact of complex terrain, and effectively meet the needs of high-precision deformation monitoring of mining subsidence areas.

[0067] It should be noted that the preset satellite optical remote sensing images are set by those skilled in the art according to the actual situation, and no specific limitations are made here.

[0068] Optionally, in one embodiment of this application, establishing interpretation features based on preset satellite optical remote sensing images includes: processing the preset satellite optical remote sensing images to obtain at least one of the image's color features, shape features, texture features, and shadow features; and establishing interpretation features based on at least one feature.

[0069] In actual implementation, the embodiments of this application can process satellite optical remote sensing images. For example, by using GIS (Geographic Information Systems), surface landscapes can be extracted from remote sensing images, and image features can be obtained, including but not limited to color features, shape features, texture features, and shadow features. Interpretation features can be established based on at least one feature to classify ground features, thereby helping to assess the potential hazards of different types of areas.

[0070] For example, this application embodiment can use GIS technology to process other satellite optical remote sensing images. The Landsat-8 image taken on January 16, 2017, can be selected to classify the ground facilities in the study area. Interpretation features can be established based on the color, shape, texture, shadow and other characteristics of the image. The ground facilities can be divided into six categories: high-rise buildings, low-rise buildings, highways, railways, cultivated land and other land. Other land includes woodland, grassland, gardens and bare land. This application has realized the interpretation and classification of urban land use of different facility types based on GIS technology, so as to more reasonably and specifically assess the potential hazards caused by surface deformation in the study area.

[0071] like Figure 7 As shown, the interpretation features are defined as follows: (a) consists of regular polygonal plots of land with low-rise buildings and rectangular houses clustered together, surrounded mostly by farmland or woodland; (b) consists of high-rise buildings, rectangular in shape, with obvious shadows and a blocky distribution, mostly surrounded by low-rise buildings; (c) consists of roads, linear in shape and wider than 4 meters; (d) consists of railways, with a width less than that of roads; (e) consists of farmland, clustered into small plots with clear boundaries, surrounded generally by low-rise buildings or roads; and (f) consists of other land types, such as woodland, grassland, gardens, etc., which are generally irregular in shape. The color of each building is not specifically defined here.

[0072] In step S106, the causes and spatiotemporal characteristics of surface deformation in the target area are analyzed based on the actual potential ground hazards and classification results, and the potential hazards of surface deformation to different types of ground facilities are assessed.

[0073] It is understood that the embodiments of this application can analyze the causes and spatiotemporal characteristics of surface deformation in the target area based on the actual potential hazards and classification results, such as the monitoring results of multi-source remote sensing technologies such as SBAS-InSAR and GIS, and assess the potential hazards of surface deformation to different types of ground facilities, so as to achieve all-weather, multi-temporal, large-scale and high-precision monitoring of surface deformation in mining subsidence areas, thereby significantly saving engineering investment, improving operational efficiency and ensuring the safety of engineering facilities.

[0074] For example, such as Figure 8As shown, in order to further analyze the surface deformation characteristics of the study area, the embodiment of this application can select the average deformation rate as the main indicator, extract the area with an average subsidence rate exceeding -10 mm / year, and overlay it with the mining rights boundary.

[0075] The subsidence area of ​​the Yangquan mining area is approximately 547.43 km². 2 The maximum subsidence rate is -96.6 mm / year, located at 113°31′20″E, 37°48′15″N. The subsidence area within this range exhibits a funnel-shaped characteristic with a high central subsidence level decreasing outwards. Its morphology and gradient characteristics match those of surface deformation caused by underground mining, and it is predominantly distributed within the Yangquan mining area. This suggests that the surface subsidence in the Yangquan mine is highly likely caused by underground mining. Furthermore, several areas outside the mining area show relatively high subsidence values, which, after analysis, are likely due to illegal mining. Additionally, several slight uplifted areas (approximately 0.5 km²) have appeared in the central section of the Yangquan mining area. 2 It is speculated that the surface was uplifted due to the structural damage of the underground mining area and the rebound of groundwater, or that the deformation of the slope led to the accumulation of material along the sliding direction.

[0076] Next, most of the ground cover in the Yangquan mining area is mountainous and forested. Based on the conditions that mountainous and forested areas are prone to geological disasters, the potential risks of the entire mining area can be classified. Based on the classification results, the location of deformation zones with higher potential hazards in the study area can be quickly determined.

[0077] like Figure 9 As shown, most areas within the Yangquan mining area can be defined as mildly or moderately prone to subsidence. Three main subsidence zones exist: the first (11-a) is located in the northern part of Shouyang County, with an average subsidence rate of -15 to -30 mm / year; the second (11-b) is the largest subsidence zone in the Yangquan mining area (accounting for over 60% of the subsidence area), located in the western part of Yangquan City, with an average subsidence rate between -15 and -30 mm / year; and the last (11-c) is located in the southwestern part of Pingding County, with an average subsidence rate of -10 to -15 mm / year. Statistical analysis indicates that the vast majority of the Yangquan mining area is classified as low-risk (0 to -10 mm / year), while the area of ​​mildly risky (-10 to -20 mm / year) is approximately 47.64 km². 2 The area is moderately prone to disasters (-20 to -50 mm / year), covering an area of ​​approximately 38.73 km². 2 The last category is areas prone to severe disasters (<-50mm / year), covering an area of ​​approximately 3.1 km². 2 .

[0078] Furthermore, after obtaining the deformation monitoring results, in order to analyze the potential hazards in the study area, the SBAS-InSAR monitoring results were first plotted on high-resolution satellite imagery of the main urban area of ​​Yangquan City. Then, different deformation thresholds were set for different ground facilities. According to the Chinese standard GB5007 "Code for Design of Building Foundations", the allowable average settlement of simple high-rise buildings is 200mm. Therefore, in the embodiments of this application, areas with settlement rates exceeding -20mm / year were designated as potential damage areas for high-rise buildings, and areas with settlement rates exceeding -15mm / year were designated as potential damage areas for other facilities, such as... Figure 10 As shown, this is the distribution result of potential hazard areas investigated in the embodiments of this application. The potential hazard areas of high-rise buildings are mainly distributed in the north of Yangquan City.

[0079] Using the GIS module, this application embodiment not only investigated potential hazard zones for different buildings or different types of land parcels, but also investigated the potential hazards posed by the presence of highways and railways within the study area, such as... Figure 11 As shown in the embodiment of this application, a map of highways and railways was overlaid on the SBAS-InSAR monitoring results. The allowable deformation value for highways was set to -20 to -40 mm, and the allowable deformation value for railways was set to -20 to -30 mm. Areas with a deformation rate greater than -10 mm / year were set as potential damage areas. The study found that there were a total of 15 potentially damaged road sections along the highways and railways, including 12 highway sections with a total length of 16.27 km and 2 railway sections with a total length of 4.75 km.

[0080] In summary, the embodiments of this application can achieve large-scale, all-weather, multi-temporal, and high-precision deformation monitoring of the target area, and can specifically evaluate the potential hazards caused by surface deformation based on the monitoring results to ensure the safety of engineering facilities.

[0081] like Figure 12 This application embodiment can utilize SBAS-InSAR technology to acquire large-scale, multi-scale, and high-precision temporal surface deformation data of the study area, and verify the accuracy of the obtained surface deformation results. Simultaneously, high-resolution digital ground models and orthophotos are acquired through UAV aerial photography technology to supplement the detailed topographic and geomorphological change characteristics of the study area that are not easily presented by InSAR technology. Then, GIS technology is used to obtain the time-series deformation of different types of ground facilities, and more accurate potential hazard areas are identified based on the allowable deformation of each facility. Finally, the monitoring results of the above-mentioned multiple modern remote sensing technologies are combined to analyze the causes and spatiotemporal characteristics of surface deformation in the study area, and assess the potential hazards of surface deformation to different types of ground facilities to ensure the safety of engineering facilities.

[0082] The mining-induced surface deformation monitoring method proposed in this application can collect data within a selected target area, obtain the first deformation result of the target area, analyze the potential hazards on the ground in the first working area, obtain the second deformation result of the nearby area based on data from the nearby area, and obtain the potential hazards on the ground in the second working area, thereby determining the actual potential hazards on the ground. High-resolution digital ground models and orthophotos are obtained from UAV images to establish a three-dimensional surface model and obtain the topographic and geomorphic change characteristics of the target area. Interpretation features are established based on satellite optical remote sensing images to classify the topographic and geomorphic change characteristics. Then, based on the actual potential hazards on the ground and the classification results, the causes and spatiotemporal characteristics of surface deformation in the target area are analyzed, and the potential hazards of surface deformation to different types of ground facilities are assessed. This effectively reduces manpower and material costs and improves the real-time performance and accuracy of surface deformation monitoring in mining subsidence areas. Therefore, it solves the problems in related technologies such as leveling and monitoring, which increase workload and have long field operation cycles, increasing manpower and material costs, especially in complex terrain areas where monitoring accuracy is easily interfered with, reducing the accuracy of mining subsidence deformation monitoring.

[0083] Next, referring to the accompanying drawings, we describe the mining-induced surface deformation monitoring device proposed according to the embodiments of this application.

[0084] Figure 13 This is a block diagram of a mining-induced surface deformation monitoring device according to an embodiment of this application.

[0085] like Figure 13 As shown, the mining-induced surface deformation monitoring device 10 includes: a collection module 100, an acquisition module 200, a determination module 300, a construction module 400, a classification module 500, and an evaluation module 600.

[0086] Specifically, the collection module 100 is used to collect data within the selected target area.

[0087] The acquisition module 200 is used to acquire the first deformation result of the target area based on the data, and to analyze the potential ground hazards in the first working area based on the deformation result.

[0088] The determination module 300 is used to obtain the second deformation result of the nearby area based on the data of the nearby area of ​​the target area, obtain the potential ground hazards in the second working area, and combine the first deformation result and the second deformation result to determine the actual potential ground hazards.

[0089] Module 400 is used to acquire high-resolution digital ground models and orthophotos from UAV images, build a three-dimensional surface model, and obtain the topographic and geomorphological features of the target area.

[0090] The classification module 500 is used to establish interpretation features based on preset satellite optical remote sensing images and classify the topographic and geomorphological change features.

[0091] The assessment module 600 is used to analyze the causes and spatiotemporal characteristics of surface deformation in the target area based on actual ground potential hazards and classification results, and to assess the potential hazards of surface deformation to different types of ground facilities.

[0092] Optionally, in one embodiment of this application, the acquisition module 200 includes an acquisition unit and an analysis unit.

[0093] The acquisition unit is used to process the data and obtain deformation results using the InSAR small baseline.

[0094] The analysis unit is used to conduct a comprehensive analysis of the deformation zone within the work area based on data, and to obtain potential ground hazards within the work area.

[0095] Optionally, in one embodiment of this application, the data includes at least one of SAR imagery, optical remote sensing imagery from relevant satellites, administrative division information, and mining rights information.

[0096] Optionally, in one embodiment of this application, the determining module includes a determining unit and a judging unit.

[0097] The determining unit is used to determine the overlapping area between the target area and the surrounding area.

[0098] The judgment unit is used to compare the deformation results of the overlapping areas and determine whether the deformation results meet the preset accuracy conditions, so as to perform deformation monitoring when the preset accuracy conditions are met.

[0099] Optionally, in one embodiment of this application, the classification module includes a processing unit and a creation unit.

[0100] The processing unit is used to process the preset satellite optical remote sensing image to obtain at least one of the image's color features, shape features, texture features, and shadow features.

[0101] Establishment unit, used to establish interpretation features based on at least one feature.

[0102] It should be noted that the foregoing explanation of the embodiment of the mining-induced surface deformation monitoring method also applies to the mining-induced surface deformation monitoring device of this embodiment, and will not be repeated here.

[0103] The mining-induced surface deformation monitoring device proposed in this application can collect data within a selected target area, obtain the first deformation result of the target area, analyze the potential hazards on the ground in the first working area, obtain the second deformation result of the nearby area based on data from the nearby area, and obtain the potential hazards on the ground in the second working area, thereby determining the actual potential hazards on the ground. It acquires high-resolution digital ground models and orthophotos from UAV images, establishes a three-dimensional surface model, and obtains the topographic and geomorphological change characteristics of the target area. Based on satellite optical remote sensing images, it establishes interpretation features, classifies the topographic and geomorphological change characteristics, and then analyzes the causes and spatiotemporal characteristics of surface deformation in the target area based on the actual potential hazards and classification results. It assesses the potential hazards of surface deformation to different types of ground facilities, effectively reducing manpower and material costs and improving the real-time performance and accuracy of surface deformation monitoring in mining subsidence areas. This solves the problems in related technologies such as leveling and monitoring, which increase workload and have long field operation cycles, increasing manpower and material costs, especially in complex terrain areas where monitoring accuracy is easily interfered with, reducing the accuracy of mining subsidence deformation monitoring.

[0104] Figure 14 A schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application. The electronic device may include:

[0105] The memory 1401, the processor 1402, and the computer program stored on the memory 1401 and executable on the processor 1402.

[0106] When the processor 1402 executes the program, it implements the mining-induced surface deformation monitoring method provided in the above embodiments.

[0107] Furthermore, electronic devices also include:

[0108] Communication interface 1403 is used for communication between memory 1401 and processor 1402.

[0109] The memory 1401 is used to store computer programs that can run on the processor 1402.

[0110] The memory 1401 may include high-speed RAM memory, and may also include non-volatile memory, such as at least one disk storage device.

[0111] If the memory 1401, processor 1402, and communication interface 1403 are implemented independently, then the communication interface 1403, memory 1401, and processor 1402 can be interconnected via a bus to complete communication between them. The bus can be an Industry Standard Architecture (ISA) bus, a Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) bus, or an Extended Industry Standard Architecture (EISA) bus, etc. Buses can be divided into address buses, data buses, control buses, etc. For ease of representation, Figure 14 The bus is represented by a single thick line, but this does not mean that there is only one bus or one type of bus.

[0112] Optionally, in a specific implementation, if the memory 1401, processor 1402, and communication interface 1403 are integrated on a single chip, then the memory 1401, processor 1402, and communication interface 1403 can communicate with each other through an internal interface.

[0113] The processor 1402 may be a central processing unit (CPU), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or one or more integrated circuits configured to implement the embodiments of this application.

[0114] This embodiment also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the above-described method for monitoring mining-induced surface deformation.

[0115] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0116] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this application, "N" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0117] Any process or method described in the flowchart or otherwise herein can be understood as representing a module, segment, or portion of code comprising one or N executable instructions for implementing custom logic functions or processes, and the scope of the preferred embodiments of this application includes additional implementations in which functions may be performed not in the order shown or discussed, including substantially simultaneously or in reverse order depending on the functions involved, as should be understood by those skilled in the art to which embodiments of this application pertain.

[0118] The logic and / or steps represented in the flowchart or otherwise described herein, for example, can be considered as a ordered list of executable instructions for implementing logical functions, and can be embodied in any computer-readable medium for use by, or in conjunction with, an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device (such as a computer-based system, a processor-included system, or other system that can fetch and execute instructions from, an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device). For the purposes of this specification, "computer-readable medium" can be any means that can contain, store, communicate, propagate, or transmit programs for use by, or in conjunction with, an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. More specific examples (a non-exhaustive list) of computer-readable media include: an electrical connection having one or more wires (electronic device), a portable computer disk drive (magnetic device), random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable and editable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), fiber optic devices, and portable optical disc read-only memory (CDROM). Alternatively, the computer-readable medium may be paper or other suitable media on which the program can be printed, since the program can be obtained electronically by optically scanning the paper or other medium, followed by editing, interpreting, or otherwise processing as necessary, and then stored in a computer memory.

[0119] It should be understood that the various parts of this application can be implemented using hardware, software, firmware, or a combination thereof. In the above embodiments, the N steps or methods can be implemented using software or firmware stored in memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system. For example, if implemented in hardware as in another embodiment, it can be implemented using any one or a combination of the following techniques known in the art: discrete logic circuits having logic gates for implementing logical functions on data signals, application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs) having suitable combinational logic gates, programmable gate arrays (PGAs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), etc.

[0120] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the steps of the methods in the above embodiments can be implemented by a program instructing related hardware. The program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and when executed, the program includes one or a combination of the steps of the method embodiments.

[0121] Furthermore, the functional units in the various embodiments of this application can be integrated into a processing module, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into a module. The integrated module can be implemented in hardware or as a software functional module. If the integrated module is implemented as a software functional module and sold or used as an independent product, it can also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium.

[0122] The storage medium mentioned above can be a read-only memory, a disk, or an optical disk, etc. Although embodiments of this application have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting this application. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of this application.

Claims

1. A method for monitoring surface deformation induced by mining, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Collect data within the selected target area; Based on the data, the first deformation result of the target area is obtained, and the potential ground hazards in the first working area are analyzed based on the deformation result; Based on the data of the area near the target area, the second deformation result of the area is obtained to obtain the potential ground hazards in the second working area. The actual potential ground hazards are determined by combining the first deformation result and the second deformation result. High-resolution digital ground models and orthophotos are obtained from UAV images to establish a three-dimensional surface model and obtain the topographic and geomorphological change characteristics of the target area; Based on preset satellite optical remote sensing images, interpretation features are established to classify the topographic and geomorphological change features; as well as Based on the actual potential ground hazards and classification results, analyze the causes and spatiotemporal characteristics of surface deformation in the target area, and assess the potential hazards of surface deformation to different types of ground facilities. The step of combining the first deformation result and the second deformation result to determine the actual ground potential hazard includes: Determine the overlapping area between the target area and the nearby area; The deformation results of the overlapping areas are compared to determine whether the deformation results meet the preset accuracy conditions, so as to perform deformation monitoring when the preset accuracy conditions are met. The assessment of the potential hazards of surface deformation to different types of ground infrastructure includes: Different deformation control zones are set up for different types of ground facilities; Assess the potential hazards of surface deformation to different types of ground facilities based on deformation thresholds.

2. The method for monitoring mining-induced surface deformation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of obtaining the first deformation result of the target area based on the data, and analyzing the potential ground hazards in the first working area based on the deformation result, includes: The data is processed to remove the deformation, and the deformation result is obtained using the small baseline of Synthetic Aperture Radar Interferometry (InSAR). Based on the data, a comprehensive analysis of the deformation zone within the work area is conducted to determine the potential ground hazards within the work area.

3. The method for monitoring mining-induced surface deformation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The data includes at least one of the following: synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imagery, optical remote sensing imagery from relevant satellites, administrative division information, and mining rights information.

4. The method for monitoring mining-induced surface deformation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The interpretation features established based on preset satellite optical remote sensing images include: The preset satellite optical remote sensing image is processed to obtain at least one of the image's color features, shape features, texture features, and shadow features; The interpretation feature is established based on at least one of the features.

5. A monitoring device for mining-induced surface deformation, characterized in that, include: The data collection module is used to collect data within the selected target area. The acquisition module is used to acquire the first deformation result of the target area based on the data, and to analyze the potential ground hazards in the first working area based on the deformation result; The determination module is used to obtain the second deformation result of the nearby area based on the data of the nearby area of ​​the target area, obtain the potential ground hazards in the second working area, and determine the actual potential ground hazards by combining the first deformation result and the second deformation result; The module is used to acquire high-resolution digital ground models and orthophotos from UAV images, build a three-dimensional surface model, and acquire the topographic and geomorphological change characteristics of the target area. The classification module is used to establish interpretation features based on preset satellite optical remote sensing images and classify the topographic and geomorphological change features. as well as The assessment module is used to analyze the causes and spatiotemporal characteristics of surface deformation in the target area based on the actual potential ground hazards and classification results, and to assess the potential hazards of surface deformation to different types of ground facilities. in, The determination module combines the first deformation result and the second deformation result to determine the actual potential ground hazards, specifically for: Determine the overlapping area between the target area and the nearby area; The deformation results of the overlapping areas are compared to determine whether the deformation results meet the preset accuracy conditions, so as to perform deformation monitoring when the preset accuracy conditions are met. The assessment module evaluates the potential hazards of surface deformation to different types of ground infrastructure, specifically for: Different deformation control zones are set up for different types of ground facilities; Assess the potential hazards of surface deformation to different types of ground facilities based on deformation thresholds.

6. The mining-induced surface deformation monitoring device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The acquisition module includes: The acquisition unit is used to perform influence processing on the data and obtain the deformation result using the synthetic aperture radar interferometry InSAR small baseline. The analysis unit is used to perform a comprehensive analysis of the deformation zone range within the work area based on the data, and to obtain the potential ground hazards within the work area.

7. The mining-induced surface deformation monitoring device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The data includes at least one of the following: synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imagery, optical remote sensing imagery from relevant satellites, administrative division information, and mining rights information.

8. An electronic device, characterized in that, include: The memory, the processor, and the computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, the processor executing the program to implement the mining-induced surface deformation monitoring method as described in any one of claims 1-4.

9. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, The program is executed by the processor to implement the mining-induced surface deformation monitoring method as described in any one of claims 1-4.

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